East Asian Languages and Societies Commons^™

Short Song Lyrics (Xiaoling) In The Song Dynasty : "I Ask You, How Much Sorrow Can There Be?” : Later Literati Song Lyrics, Maija Samei

How to Read Chinese Poetry Podcast

This episode discusses how the genre begins to broaden thematically in the work of somewhat later literati poets who continued to write in the short xiaoling form. Poems by the Last Emperor of the Southern Tang, Li Yu, and by Northern Song statesman Yan Shu demonstrate how the genre begins to take on themes like nostalgia and friendship.

Short Song Lyrics (Xiaoling) In The Song Dynasty : Feeling And Scene : Early Literati Song Lyrics, Maija Samei

How to Read Chinese Poetry Podcast

This episode discusses early efforts of literati poets in the song lyric, showing how their works reflect the genre’s origins in the entertainment quarters and remained largely tied to feminine themes, while they bore evidence of poetic craft. Examples show how Wei Zhuang’s more direct and lyrical expression contrasts with Wen Tingyun’s more implicit presentation.

Picturizing Animals In The Arabic, Persian And Turkish - Azerbaijani Proverbs: A Comparative Study, Kubra Jabbarli

Association of Arab Universities Journal for Arts مجلة اتحاد الجامعات العربية للآداب

Animals have a special place in human thought and life throughout history since they were used as a symbol to refer to different purposes in stories and proverbs. So, they play an important role in the people's culture and literature. Thus, animal behaviors and characteristics were not the same for all nations due to the geographic nature of each nation, the impact of animals' in it, and to the beliefs, customs and traditions of each nation.From this standpoint, we found that there were many common beliefs among nations regarding animals and their behaviors. At the same time, we found that …

The Power Of Anime: Artistic Power, Social Consciousness, And Cultural Impact, Natalie Ortez-Arevalo

Master's Projects and Capstones

This project explores the widespread popularity and impact of anime on Japanese culture. In my research, I demonstrate how the integration of anime into Japan’s culture creates big splashes—like stones being thrown into a lake—that, at the same time, ripple out in various directions and reverberate on multiple levels. First and foremost, this research centers around an important concept: that anime contains well-crafted storytelling and powerful imagery that demonstrates wider historical, cultural, and social issues—both the positive and negative. In anime films and shows, symbolism plays an important part as it can be found throughout the imagery and the storylines …

Roles Of Religious Guides In Tourism: A Qualitative Study From Japan, Ricardo Nicolas Progano

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Pilgrimage travel has become an important element in contemporary tourism, as visitors flock to sacred locations (UNWTO, 2015). However, some aspects of pilgrimage travel remain relatively understudied, with one of them being the roles of guides in these locations. Based on previous academic works, the present study aims to bridge this gap by analysing the role of religious figures who engage in guiding activities aimed at the general public. For this, Shippōryū-ji, a Shugendō temple located in Japan, is presented as the case study. As previous research on the subject is scarce, a qualitative approach was deemed suitable. Utilising interview …

Laywoman Of Right Faith: The Religious Writings Of Wang Peihua (1767-1792), Meijie Shen

Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations

ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATIONLaywoman of Right Faith: The Religious Writings of Wang Peihua (1767-1792) by Meijie Shen Doctor of Philosophy in Chinese Language and Literature Washington University in St. Louis, 2022 Professor Beata Grant, Chair

This dissertation is a case study of an eighteenth-century Buddhist laywoman named Wang Peihua (1767-1792) from the affluent Jiangnan area of imperial China. This period saw the flourishing of women’s education and writings, thanks to which we have collections left behind by them that document their own lives and in their own voice, which enabled us to explore their religious experience. As women started to …

Short Song Lyrics (Xiaoling) In The Song Dynasty : “I’Ve No Heart To Love Another” : A Pair Of Anonymous Poems In Dialog, Maija Samei

How to Read Chinese Poetry Podcast

This episode introduces us to the genre of the song lyric using two anonymous poems that present a male and female speaker in dialog. The episode discusses the origins of the genre during the Tang dynasty, its formal characteristics, and its connection to female voice and feminine themes.

Chinese Undergraduate Student Teaching Assistants In A U.S. Collegiate Chinese Language Program, Donglin Chai

Chinese Language Teaching Methodology and Technology

Given present limited opportunities to study in China, how can U.S. collegiate Chinese language programs take advantage of the presence of Chinese international students on campus to improve their Chinese language students’ intercultural communication skills? This article first reviews the background of “peer tutoring” in European and American collegiate institutes and describes some exemplary models in the field of Chinese as a Foreign Language in the U.S. Then, the article reports on a study of a tutor and grader system at a U.S. liberal arts college employing Chinese undergraduate students. Through both quantitative and qualitative data, the author analyzes the …

Intertextual Discourse Research On Ip Film Language From The Perspective Of Chinese Teaching, Xiao Jiang

Chinese Language Teaching Methodology and Technology

Based on the theory of intertextual discourse, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the IP source texts, Chinese subtitles and English subtitles of IP films from the perspective of Chinese teaching. The research found that Chinese subtitles of IP films which compared with the source texts reconstructed the descending language of the characters, implanted popular contemporary language and culture, strengthened the language escalation of dramatic conflicts, and increased the sense of humor and entertainment of characters' language, so as to be suitable for Chinese teaching and cultural communication. The English subtitles of IP films deleted the cultural elements of …

On Forms And Regulations Of Han Poetry, Shang-Ju Chiang

Chinese Language Teaching Methodology and Technology

Traditional poetics is gradually disappearing under the impact of modernization. Aiming to provide Chinese with specific ways to understand the poetics of Chinese characters, this article articulates and analyzes most of the Han Poetry forms and regulations illustrated with the author-created poems, such as the traditional quatrains and regulated poems and many more. It is the author’s hope that more people will appreciate and inherit classic poetry but also be innovative.

Using Online Resources To Foster Autonomous Learning In A Clil Context: A Case Study Of An Advanced Chinese Class, Xiao Zeng

Chinese Language Teaching Methodology and Technology

The role of online resources has become increasingly significant in content and language integrated Chinese courses in terms of material preparation and autonomous learning task design. The study examines a case of integrating online visual resources into an advanced Chinese newspaper and journalism class and discusses how online resources can be utilized to foster student autonomy and promote self-regulated learning. Specifically, the study demonstrates the key features of a video platform (Pear Video) and editing tool (Interphoto), and shows how the task arrangement takes advantage of the resources in enhancing students’ language and content skills. The analysis of the learning …

A Study On Strategies For Improving Students’ Oral Skills In Online Chinese Language Teaching In Burundi, Mfitiye Ferdinand, Bankuwiha Etienne

Chinese Language Teaching Methodology and Technology

Abstract

During the period of covid-19 pandemic, educational activities in several countries around the world have experienced changes in their implementation. Face-to-face Chinese teaching in several Confucius Institutes around the world has been moved to online teaching to reduce the spread of the Covid-19 virus. In Burundi, online Chinese teaching is provided through the social network “whatsapp”. However, students have some difficulty in improving their speaking skills while learning online. This study therefore examined the strategies that can be used by the students and the teachers to ensure the improvement of students' speaking skills while learning Chinese online. It proceeded …

Cooperative Language Learning In Teaching Proficiency Through Reading And Storytelling, Jing Gao

Chinese Language Teaching Methodology and Technology

TPRS (Teaching Proficiency through Reading and Storytelling) is becoming widely recognized and implemented in K-12 language classrooms across the nation. Cooperative language learning structures interactive group work for learners’ language development. In communicative language classrooms, cooperative learning can be implemented in TPRS to encourage students’ interaction and communication in collaborative tasks. This article explores the application of cooperative language learning in the TPRS Chinese classroom. Specific teaching methods are discussed in each step of TPRS, including establishing meaning, story asking, and story reading. Cooperative language learning in TPRS increases students’ engagement and motivation in language learning and promotes their language …

Table Of Contents

Chinese Language Teaching Methodology and Technology

Table of Contents

A Theoretical And Performer’S Analysis Of Todd Goodman’S Tuba Concerto And Extended Program Notes Of Recital Pieces, Johnathan De Soto Jr.

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

This document analyzes American composer Todd Goodman's 2012 work for solo tuba titled Tuba Concerto. It contains 10 chapters, including one for each of the three movements of the work: an introduction providing biographical information on the composer and context for the work within the late twentieth century and early twenty-first century; a performer’s analysis on the solo tuba part; and the biographical and performance information of composers also performed on the accompanying recital. Each of the four chapters includes theoretical analyses regarding each of Goodman's movements and practical considerations for performers of the work to observe. The thesis also …

中國古代音樂文學的創作模式, Jian-Hua Zhang

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

中國古代音樂文學的創作模式主要有“以樂從辭”“選辭配樂”“由樂定辭”三種。“以樂從辭”的創作機理是“聲依永，律和聲”，這與“由樂定辭”的創作機理正好相反，“由樂定辭”的創作機理乃是“永依聲”。“選辭配樂”的創作機理是選既成之辭配入既成之曲，既有對辭的“拼湊分割”，亦有對曲的“填實虚聲”。“元狩、元鼎”與“開元、天寶”是三種創作模式轉折的兩個關鍵的時間節點，伴隨創作模式之變更，辭樂關係也隨之發生一定的微妙變動。

Yi yue cong ci 以樂從辭 (lit., to compose the melody according to the lyrics), xuan ci pei yue 選辭配樂 (lit., to select an existing lyrics to match an existing melody), and you yue ding ci 由樂定辭 (lit., to write the lyrics according to the melody) are the three major creative modes of classical Chinese musical literature. Yi yue cong ci’s mechanism is sheng yi yong, lü he sheng 聲依永, 律和聲 (the sound relies on the singing, and pitch-pipes harmonize sound), while you yue ding ci’s mechanism is the opposite yong yi sheng 永依聲 (the singing relies on …

葉清臣行年攷 (下), Caizhi Chen

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

葉清臣既是北宋文學家，也是高節莫屈的一代名臣，然其生卒年與籍貫説法不一，行年亦有待詳攷。經梳理原始史料，比對有關記載，攷得葉清臣卒於宋仁宗皇祐元年（1049）四、五月之際，享年五十歲，逆推當生於宋真宗咸平三年（1000）。其郡望爲南陽，籍貫當爲湖州烏程，後徙寓蘇州長洲。其他行年及撰述等亦多有詳攷。

Ye Qingchen was a man of letters and court official of esteemed integrity in the Northern Song dynasty. This article compares the various biographical records of Ye’s birth and death years and his birth place and concludes that Ye was born in 1000 CE (the third year of the Xianping era during the reign of Emperor Zhenzong of Song) and died at the age of fifty, between April and May 1049 CE (the first year of the Huangyou era during the reign of Emperor Renzong of Song). Nanyang was the chroronym of Ye’s family clan. Wucheng, Huzhou was his …

吳廷華《儀禮》筆法研究探論, Lok Man Lee

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

《儀禮》嚮稱難讀。傳統以分節、繪圖、釋例爲治禮之法。三法之外，歷代禮家對《儀禮》筆法每有關注，卻未成系統。清代禮學大家吳廷華（1682—1725）著《儀禮章句》，其書於分節繪圖釋例三途，用力均篤，被譽爲“學禮者階梯”。吳書關注《儀禮》筆法，作經者的行文舖排、遣辭用字，每加析説，見解獨到。本文舉吳氏《章句》對《儀禮》筆法之意見凡十類，包括《儀禮》中的變文、行文語序、提示語、預陳其書、書有見無、省文、互文、相兼乃備、特定的虚詞等，各據例證。由於筆法每與禮例及禮意往往相須而成，吳氏對《儀禮》筆法的意見，與鄭、賈注疏互有異同，詮解出與注疏不同的禮經文本。藉此説明《儀禮》筆法應立爲專門之學，爲研治禮經之重要方法。

Yili 儀禮 (Book of Etiquette and Ceremonial) is considered a Confucians classic difficult to read. Scholars have adopted three basic methods of interpretation: (1) to break the texts into paragraphs; (2) to illustrate the ceremonies; (3) to explain the etiquette rules. In addition, scholars of different historical periods have also researched unsystematically on the writing style of This article examines Qing-dynasty scholar Wu Tinghua’s 吳廷華 (1682 -1755) annotations to the writing techniques of Yili in his Yili zhang ju 儀禮章句 (Analysis of the Book of Etiquette and Rites), including textual variation, words’ sequence, hint, pre-narration, indicating the hidden, omission, …

被折疊的詞史段落 : 康熙末至乾隆初的浙西詞派與浙西詞壇, Shuiyun Chen

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

從康熙末到乾隆初這一段時間，在以往的詞史叙述中往往被忽略掉了，而這一時段正是浙西詞派影響擴大、厲鶚在詞壇地位逐漸上升的時期。朱彝尊退出詞壇之後，柯煜、杜詔、樓儼等接續其思想，或刊刻南宋詞籍，或參與詞書修纂，或組織詩詞唱和，在京師和江南壯大了浙派的聲勢，在浙西桐鄉、平湖、海寧、海鹽、錢塘等地更出現了浙派第二、三代傳人，這時徐逢吉、吳焯、厲鶚逐漸嶄露頭角，先後在杭州、揚州、天津組織了多次詩詞唱和，成爲浙西詞壇的主盟者，厲鶚在乾隆初更以其清婉深秀的風格引領一時風尚，得到了南北詞壇的一致推崇。

The period from the Late Kangxi to the Early Qianlong Period of Qing has often been omitted in the narratives of the history of ci. However, this is the period when the Western Zhejiang School’s influence expanded and Li E’s 厲鶚 fame rose in the ci circle. After Zhu Yizun’s 朱彝尊 withdrawal from the circle, Ke Yu 柯煜, Du Zhao 杜詔, and Lou Yan 樓儼 continued his thoughts by publishing collections of ci of the Southern Song dynasty and organizing ci recitations, which strengthened the Zhejiang School’s influence in Beijing and Jiangnan. There even appeared a second or …

康邸 : 桐城派的一個文學空間, Dangqian Ye

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

乾隆朝永恩襲爵康親王二十餘年間，劉大櫆及其門下弟子與康邸師友僚吏優遊園林，詩文酬唱，盛極一時。康邸成爲前期桐城派的重要文學空間，永恩、徐琰、甘運源、朱孝純等一批康邸文人被列入桐城派，康邸的桐城情結在父子之間傳承延續。以永恩爲代表的一批旗籍文人身份高貴卻清貧勤儉、情趣高雅，與劉大櫆、姚鼐人生理想與處世風格若合符契，讓長期漂泊北京、偃蹇坎坷的劉、姚得到物質上的支持、精神上的鼓勵與身份上的尊重，幫助桐城派在早期艱難發展中找到一條新路。

Liu Dakui 劉大櫆 and his disciples befriended Yong’en 永恩, Prince Kang and his fellows in the latter’s twenty years of holding the hereditary title during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of Qing. They held various literary activities in Prince Kang’s Mansion which became literary space for the early stage of the Tongcheng School 桐城派.Men of letters associated to Prince Kang’s Mansion such as Yong’en, Xu Yan 徐琰, Gan Yunyan 甘運源, Zhu Xiaochun 朱孝純 were also considered members of the Tongcheng School, and the bond passed down to its next generation. Yong’en was a representative of the Manchurian bannermen of …

湖湘派與同光體之離合, Yu Zhang

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

本文試圖展示湖湘派與同光體作爲晚清政治立場接近的最大的兩個古典詩派，在詩學與交往方面的種種離合。湖湘派可以追溯到明末清初王夫之論詩重緣情綺靡。嘉道間湖湘詩人鄧顯鶴與宋詩派多有交往，但並無意稱雄詩壇。以王闓運爲代表的湖湘派，是界於宋詩派與同光體之間的最大的一個詩派。同光體詩人中，如陳三立等，與湖湘派詩人多有交往。湖湘派詩人中，較早如鄧繹，晚學如陳銳、程頌萬等，作詩亦多受宋詩派影響。在新文化運動的洪流面前，這兩個古典詩派由於文化命運的相似，共鳴多於異見。

This article shows the various divergence in poetics and the interaction between the Huxiang School 湖湘派 and the Tongguang School 同光體, the two largest schools of classical poetry in the late Qing dynasty that took similar political stances. The Huxiang School can be traced back to Wang Fuzhi's 王夫之 poetics of emotion in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Despite his frequent associations with the Song Poetry School 宋詩派，Deng Xianhe 鄧顯鶴, a Huxiang School poet during the Jiaqing and Daoguang periods of Qing had no intention to dominate the circle. The Huxiang School, of which Wang Kaiyun 王闓運 …

庾信的生平創作及其意義 : 《中國中古文學史》的一個片段, Nong Gu

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

庾信（513—581）前半生在南朝梁爲宫廷文人，所作詩賦皆爲“宫體”；後半生不得已而在北，儘管北周的高層人士對他非常尊重客氣，但他内心深處總是有些矛盾和痛苦，並融化而進入其詩賦和文章之中。作爲使節他在被扣留之初，曾遭軟禁三年，其時的作品《傷心賦》《小園賦》《枯樹賦》飽含痛苦的心情，也流露了行將轉身的意向。後來作於天和四年（569）的《哀江南賦》，則深刻地總結了蕭梁王朝由盛而衰以至於滅亡的歷史教訓，文辭曲折典雅，歷來得到很高的評價。他詩和文也都達到很高的水準，其中同樣隱含了他對自己轉身的解釋和哀歎。當年的時代主潮在於民族融合，庾信認同鮮卑族主導的北周政權，肯同他們合作，是正常的；而不斷抒發其鄉關故國之思，則表現了對華夏文化大流的熱愛與眷念，深刻地符合中古歷史發展的大方向。要瞭解其時歷史發展過程中的波瀾與漩渦，庾信的作品包括那些諛墓諸文都具有很高的價值。

Yu Xin 庾信 (513 - 581 CE) had been a court official in the Southern Liang dynasty and wrote palace style poetry before he was confined to the non-Sinitic Norther Zhou dynasty. Despite the respect he received from its officials and nobles, he wrote his internal conflict, distress, and forthcoming resign into his poetry and prose, including “Shangxin fu” 傷心賦 (Rhapsody on a Broken Heart), “Xiaoyuan fu” 小園賦 (Rhapsody on a Small Garden) , and “Kushu fu” 枯樹賦 (Rhapsody on a Withered Tree) which he wrote during the first three years of his confinement as a diplomatic envoy. Yu’s …

李善《文選注》引書義例考, Jiancheng Zhao

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

李善《文選注》徵引浩繁，引書義例複雜。本文依據其引用文獻之實際情況，參考注中隨文標示之相關義例，從引用目的、書名標舉、引文處理三個方面系統、深入地考察了李善《文選注》引書之義例系統。把握李善注引書義例，有益於把握李善注及其所引文獻，乃至《文選》本文。

This article provides a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the numerous citations and their complex principles in Li Shan’s 李善 Wenxuan zhu 文選注 (Annotations to Selections of Refined Literature) through their purpose, title, and text. The article contributes to a deeper understanding of Li Shan’s annotations and citations, and moreover, the texts in Wenxuan文選 (Selections of Refined Literature).

中國古代士人的離散—回歸意識與文學書寫 : 以唐宋貶謫文學爲例, Zili Ma, Bihua Pan

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

從生存狀態和生存體認出發，“離散”概念的外延，可以延伸到“離散意識”，以及與它相對的“回歸意識”這一層面。而離散的主體，則可以延伸到中國古代士人這一群體。自故鄉—政治文化中心離散，期盼回歸到故鄉—政治文化中心，構成了中國古代士人離散—回歸意識的核心内涵。這裡的“故鄉”，除了故土家園之外，還具有理想、歸宿或者精神家園的含義：所謂“此心安處是吾鄉”。古代中國士人“離散—回歸”意識的獨特内涵，及其文學書寫的獨特風貌，便是由上述質素構成、影響和造就的。從貶謫文學的視角看，貶謫帶來的離散，具有不可忽視的文化價值。

From the living state and survival awareness, the extension of the concept of ‘‘diaspora” can be extended to ‘‘diaspora consciousness” and its relative “regression consciousness”. Meanwhile, the subject of diaspora can be extended to the group of Chinese ancient intellectuals. Leaving from hometown-political cultural center and looking forward to return to hometown-political cultural center constitutes the Chinese ancient intellectual’s core connotation of the diaspora-regression consciousness. Here the “hometown” is not only the meaning of homeland but also includes the connotation of the ideal, destination or spiritual home: the so-called “Wherever my heart is at peace is my home”. The …

以夏變夷 : 晚明“天下全圖”的域外知識來源與製圖觀, Yawei Liu

嶺南學報 Lingnan Journal of Chinese Studies

曹君義《天下九邊分野人跡路程全圖》爲晚明出現的一種複合型“世界地圖”，它以變形南、北美洲大陸爲海島的繪圖方式爲特徵，雖吸收部分西學地理内容，但該圖並非受利瑪竇地圖直接影響。本文通過比對圖中美、歐、非洲的圖像特徵與文字内容，認爲其參考自傳教士艾儒略的《萬國全圖》，而另一種以諸多小島表現域外國家的製圖方式（如梁輈《乾坤萬國全圖古今人物事跡》），則受利瑪竇地圖影響。因此，依照域外知識來源，可將明清流傳的含有職方國與《山海經》神話之國的世界地圖分爲三類：九邊型全圖、四海五洲型全圖、四海島夷型全圖。這些結合中西地理知識、帶有想象色彩的早期世界地圖，反映了晚明地理製圖由關注“九邊”到“以夏變夷”的一種觀念變化。

Cao Junyi’s 曹君義 Tianxia jiubian fenye renji lucheng quantu 天下九邊分野人跡路程全圖 (Complete Map of the Allotted Fields, Human Traces, and Routes within and without the Nine Borders under Heaven) is a composite “world map” in the late Ming dynasty. This map followed Chinese cartographic tradition to place China in the center and represented Southern and Northern Americas as islands. Although it absorbed some knowledge about Western geography, it was not directly influenced by the map made by Matteo Ricci. This article provides comparisons of the map’s visual representations and texts about Americas, Europe, and Africa, and concludes that its major …

Money Moves: An Analysis Of Chinese Foreign Direct Investment In Europe, Susan Soh

Honors Theses

In recent years, China has begun engaging in outward foreign direct investment (FDI). There is a significant amount of literature dedicated to understanding China’s FDI in developing nations. However, very little research has been conducted over Chinese FDI in advanced economies. As a result of this gap in existing literature, the question arises, what explains Chinese FDI in Europe?

As FDI is a transaction to which both the donor and recipient countries must agree, this thesis has a dual focus. One chapter of the thesis analyzes the effects of and motivations for Chinese FDI on European nations. In this chapter, …

Erotic Grotesque Nonsense: Veiled Criticism Through Extreme Entertainment, Thoby Jeanty

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

This thesis examines the writings of Meiji novelists living during a time of transition. Their writings became known as part of a genre called Erotic Grotesque Nonsense. The genre became defined as engaging in extremes to entertain an audience captivated by the eroticism, grotesque, or even the nonsensical nature of the stories being told. The thesis discovers there is a pressing social commentary on the tumultuous transition to modernity hidden within these works. The traditions established during the Tokugawa era starting from 1603 and lasting until 1867 came under pressure with the start of the Meiji era in 1868. Each …

The Personality Profile Of China’S Empress Wu Zetian, Ruoyue Wang, Yunyiye Chen, Aubrey Immelman

Psychology Faculty Publications

This paper presents the results of an indirect assessment of the personality of Empress Wu Zetian, de facto ruler of China from 665 to 705, from the conceptual perspective of personologist Theodore Millon.

Psychodiagnostically relevant data about Empress Wu were collected from biographical sources and media reports and synthesized into a personality profile using the Millon Inventory of Diagnostic Criteria (MIDC), which yields 34 normal and maladaptive personality classifications congruent with DSM-III-R, DSM-IV, and DSM-5.

The personality profile yielded by the MIDC was analyzed in accordance with interpretive guidelines provided in the MIDC and Millon Index of …

Questioning China’S Peaceful Development: A Mahanian Sea Power Analysis Of Blue Water Navy Accumulation, Patricia Patricia, Putu Agung Nara I.P. Satya

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

China has been rapidly accumulating naval capabilities for nearly 4 decades with the ambition of pursuing blue-water-navy forces through its People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). With its peaceful development policy, the acquisition of such powers has been interpreted as an anomaly and therefore resulted in an increase of security dilemmas between states. In the quest for explanations behind China’s actions, multiple scholars have examined this phenomenon by utilizing offensive realism, defensive realism, and Tirpitzian non-hegemonic naval theory. Thus, this paper brings another perspective by applying the Mahanian Sea Power approach. Consequently, the analysis established that China’s pursuit of blue-water-navy is …

Hanakatsura: The Works Of Famous Literary Women In Japan, Tei Fujiu (Trans.), Kaho Miyake, Ichiyo Higuchi, Usurai Kitada, Otsuka Kusuo, Paul Royster (Ed.)

Zea E-Books Collection

Originally published in Tokyo in 1903, Hanakatsura (literally “garland of flowers”) features a biographical sketch of the activist and author Kishida Toshiko (Baroness Nakajima) plus four short stories by Japanese women writers of the Meiji era:

Akebonozome: A Cloth Dyed in Rainbow Colors, by Kaho Miyake

Ōtsugomori: The Last Day of the Year, by Ichiyo Higuchi

Onisenbiki: The Thousand Devils, by Usurai Kitada (Mrs. Kajita)

Shinobine, by Otsuka Kusuo

Compiled and translated by Tei Fujiu, four memorable and affecting stories depict women experiencing the frustrations of traditional family roles within an emergent commercial society at the turn of the century. …