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Sociology

Selected Works

Articles 1 - 30 of 37

Full-Text Articles in East Asian Languages and Societies

What Explains The Rise Of Majority-Minority Tensions And Conflict In Xinjiang?, Reza Hasmath Dec 2018

What Explains The Rise Of Majority-Minority Tensions And Conflict In Xinjiang?, Reza Hasmath

Reza Hasmath

In the past few years there has been a rise of inter-ethnic violence in China. While ethno-cultural repression and ineffective state policies are correctly attributed as key culprits behind this reality, this article suggests that socio-economic factors play a fundamental contributory role as well. Using the Xinjiang case, the article maps ethnic tensions and violence as a manifestation and expression of a growing and heighten ethno-cultural consciousness stemming from ethnic minorities’ low socio-economic status due, in part, to internal Han migration, and a labour market process – involving agency and structure – that has shaped a split and segmented labour …

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Environmental Advocacy: Insights From East Asia, Mary Alice Haddad Jul 2017

Environmental Advocacy: Insights From East Asia, Mary Alice Haddad

Mary Alice Haddad


Environmental advocacy in East Asia takes place in a context where there are few well-funded professional advocacy organisations, no viable green parties, and governments that are highly pro-business. In this advocacy-hostile environment, what strategies are environmental organizations using to promote better environmental outcomes?  Using an original database of environmental organizations and interviews with activists and officials throughout the region, this paper investigates which strategies are most common and compares them to the advocacy strategies found in the United States.  It finds, perhaps surprisingly, that (a) environmental organizations across East Asia employ similar advocacy strategies even though they are operating in …

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When A Joke Is More Than A Joke: Humor As A Form Of Networked Practice In The Chinese Cyber Public Sphere, Mathew Yates, Reza Hasmath Dec 2016

When A Joke Is More Than A Joke: Humor As A Form Of Networked Practice In The Chinese Cyber Public Sphere, Mathew Yates, Reza Hasmath

Reza Hasmath

Received wisdom views political humor, viz. egao, in the Chinese cyber public sphere as a form of resistance. This study creates and tests a framework that best conceptualizes how different functions of egao are connected with one another: to analyze the patterns of ties that link the different facets of the phenomenon together. The study contends that by framing egao within network society theory, we can appreciate its fluidity and better understand its online ubiquity. Analysis of survey data suggests that it is not the content solely but the networked practice of egao that dictates its true function. Namely, the …

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The Evolving Animal Rights And Welfare Debate In China: Political And Social Impact Analysis, Peter J. Li Aug 2016

The Evolving Animal Rights And Welfare Debate In China: Political And Social Impact Analysis, Peter J. Li

Peter J. Li, PhD

In the past few years, a new debate has erupted in mainland China. This debate focuses on animal rights, animal welfare and animal treatment in general. In the not too distant past, such subjects were conveniently rejected as unworthy of serious academic attention. China’s rapid economic changes, increasing societal activism on environmental issues, continuous influx of foreign ideas and a rising societal awareness of the rights for the disadvantaged, including the nonhuman animals, are impacting the agendas of public discussions. Directly triggering this public debate were several highly publicized animal cruelty incidents involving, for example, five bears at Beijing Zoo …

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Navigating Uncertainty: The Survival Strategies Of Religious Ngos In China, Jonathan Tam, Reza Hasmath Dec 2014

Navigating Uncertainty: The Survival Strategies Of Religious Ngos In China, Jonathan Tam, Reza Hasmath

Reza Hasmath

This article looks at the strategies religious non-governmental organizations (RNGOs) with strong transnational linkages use to maintain a continued presence in mainland China. It does so by utilizing neo-institutional theory as an instrument for analysis, with an emphasis on outlining the coercive, mimetic, and normative pressures RNGOs face. One of the key findings of the study is that there is creative circumvention of isomorphic pressures by working with local agents, fostering trust with the local government, and keeping a low profile. Moreover, RNGOs dealt with the uncertain institutional environment in China through staff exchanges, denominational supervision, tapping into global platforms, …

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Job Acquisition, Retention, And Outcomes For Ethnic Minorities In Urban China, Reza Hasmath, Benjamin Ho Dec 2014

Job Acquisition, Retention, And Outcomes For Ethnic Minorities In Urban China, Reza Hasmath, Benjamin Ho

Reza Hasmath

This article estimates wage differentials between ethnic minorities and the Han majority in China. While Han-minority wage differentials estimated with regression analysis demonstrate little evidence for ethnic minority disadvantages, evidence looking at the process of ethnic minority job acquisition and retention suggests that minorities perceive they are at a disadvantage in the job search process. The article assesses potential factors for perceived disadvantages in China’s labor market such as discrimination, social network capital, and working culture.

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The Interactions Of Ethnic Minorities In Beijing, Reza Hasmath Dec 2013

The Interactions Of Ethnic Minorities In Beijing, Reza Hasmath

Reza Hasmath

Drawing on six years of fieldwork in Beijing, this article looks at the daily interactions of ethnic minorities in local neighbourhoods and places of economic activities. Moreover, it examines ethnic minorities’ negotiations with public institutions, the Han majority and other ethnic minority groups. The article suggests that celebratory ethno-festivals and ethnic oriented restaurants that showcase minority traditions serve as a mechanism to encourage Han interactions with ethnic minority groups. However, the attendant risk in utilizing this practice is that the socio-economic struggles of many ethnic minority groups are being masked when a celebratory version of their culture and traditions are …

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A Study Of Japanese Animation, Michele Gibney Nov 2012

A Study Of Japanese Animation, Michele Gibney

Michele Gibney

This paper takes a sociological approach to the question of popular culture’s ability in Japan--specifically that of Japanese animation--to be reflective of the country's sociological concerns. This is not to say that all anime shows consciously reflect Japanese life, but by extrapolation of recurrent themes one can construct a model of certain sociological issues in Japan. The author split the paper up into five sections each of which tackles a different theme. These sections are: Education, Social and Class Differences, Environment, Post-Nuclear Visions, and An Emergent Feminism. The main point that the author conveys in each section is a way …

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Gift Exchanges In Edo Castle, Cecilia S. Seigle Ph.D. Jul 2012

Gift Exchanges In Edo Castle, Cecilia S. Seigle Ph.D.

Cecilia S Seigle Ph.D.

The Japanese love of gift-giving was firmly established during the Edo period, specifically under the fifth shogun Tsunayoshi. This study was done as part of inquiry into the institution of Ooku, and I remark on the significance of gift exchanges as substitute social activities for the women of Ooku.

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新大名家の女性, Cecilia S. Seigle Ph.D. Apr 2012

新大名家の女性, Cecilia S. Seigle Ph.D.

Cecilia S Seigle Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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江戸時代女性の噂話 第二部:農村あるいは地方の女性, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川）江戸時代女性の噂話 第二部:農村あるいは地方の女性 江戸時代女性の噂話 第二部:農村あるいは地方の女性 Ph.D. Apr 2012

江戸時代女性の噂話 第二部:農村あるいは地方の女性, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川）江戸時代女性の噂話 第二部:農村あるいは地方の女性 江戸時代女性の噂話 第二部:農村あるいは地方の女性 Ph.D.

Cecilia S Seigle Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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江戸時代女性の噂話 第一部: 都会の庶民の女性 (町の女1), Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D. Apr 2012

江戸時代女性の噂話 第一部: 都会の庶民の女性 (町の女1), Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D.

Cecilia S Seigle Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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江戸時代女性の噂話:第一部: 都会の庶民の女性 : 町の女 2, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川）江戸時代女性の噂話:第一部: 都会の庶民の女性 : 町の女 2 江戸時代女性の噂話:第一部: 都会の庶民の女性 : 町の女 2 Ph.D. Apr 2012

江戸時代女性の噂話:第一部: 都会の庶民の女性 : 町の女 2, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川）江戸時代女性の噂話:第一部: 都会の庶民の女性 : 町の女 2 江戸時代女性の噂話:第一部: 都会の庶民の女性 : 町の女 2 Ph.D.

Cecilia S Seigle Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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江戸時代女性の噂話 第四部： 大名階級の女性, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D. Dec 2011

江戸時代女性の噂話 第四部： 大名階級の女性, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D.

Cecilia S Seigle Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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江戸時代女性の噂話 第三部： 中級武家の女性, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D. Dec 2011

江戸時代女性の噂話 第三部： 中級武家の女性, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D.

Cecilia S Seigle Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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江戸時代女性の噂話 第一部： 都会の庶民の女性 (町の女１), Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川）江戸時代女性の噂話 第一部： 都会の庶民の女性 (町の女１) Ph.D. Dec 2011

江戸時代女性の噂話 第一部： 都会の庶民の女性 (町の女１), Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川）江戸時代女性の噂話 第一部： 都会の庶民の女性 (町の女１) Ph.D.

Cecilia S Seigle Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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江戸時代女性の噂話, Cecilia S. Seigle Ph.D. Dec 2011

江戸時代女性の噂話, Cecilia S. Seigle Ph.D.

Cecilia S Seigle Ph.D.

江戸時代の女性は家庭の主婦としての忙しさからか、残念ながら随筆や見聞記をあまり残していない。江戸時代でも後半にはかなり多くの女性が日記を書いたらしいけれど、男性の見聞酒随筆集に比べると非常に少ない 。 しかし女性は特殊な興味の対象としてうわさ話の種になったので、この本では女性中心のうわさ話を調べてみた。記録された女性の噂話も男性についての噂話に比べれば少ないのだが、全体的には膨大な量である。

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江戸時代女性の噂話 第三部: 中級武家の女性, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D. Dec 2011

江戸時代女性の噂話 第三部: 中級武家の女性, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D.

Cecilia S Seigle Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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江戸時代女性の噂話 第四部: 大名階級の女性, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D. Dec 2011

江戸時代女性の噂話 第四部: 大名階級の女性, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D.

Cecilia S Seigle Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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江戸時代女性の噂話 結論, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D. Dec 2011

江戸時代女性の噂話 結論, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D.

Cecilia S Seigle Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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参考文献 - 江戸時代の女性の噂, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D. Dec 2011

参考文献 - 江戸時代の女性の噂, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D.

Cecilia S Seigle Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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参考文献 - 江戸時代の女性の噂, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D. Dec 2011

参考文献 - 江戸時代の女性の噂, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D.

Cecilia S Seigle Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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From Job Search To Hiring To Promotion: The Labour Market Experiences Of Ethnic Minorities In Beijing, Reza Hasmath Dec 2010

From Job Search To Hiring To Promotion: The Labour Market Experiences Of Ethnic Minorities In Beijing, Reza Hasmath

Reza Hasmath

Drawing on micro-level census data and interviews with individual workers and employers, this article examines the job-search, hiring and promotion experiences of ethnic minority workers and jobseekers in Beijing. Labour market data indicate that ethnic minorities are at a disadvantage relative to the dominant Han ethnic group, particularly when it comes to employment in high-wage, skilled jobs. The evidence provided here suggests this may be attributable to gaps in the institutional framework that encourage reliance on social-network capital for job search, hiring and promotion. [Winner of the Society for the Study of Social Problems’ Poverty, Class, and Inequality Division Paper …

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The Education Of Ethnic Minorities In Beijing, Reza Hasmath Dec 2010

The Education Of Ethnic Minorities In Beijing, Reza Hasmath

Reza Hasmath

This article investigates the operations of minority schools, and the subsequent on-the-ground experiences of ethnic minorities in Beijing at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels. The article suggests that the ‘inter-sectionality’ of ethnic identities, particularly minority-majority, rich-poor and urban-rural, must be factored in when examining the varying differences between minorities who have graduated from Beijing’s minority schools and non-Beijing ethnic minorities, who have enrolled in the capital city’s universities. The article draws upon recent statistical data, interviews with minority actors and public stakeholders, and participant observation in the city’s schools and universities.

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De La Búsqueda De Empleo Al Ascenso. Experiencias De Las Minorías Étnicas En Pekín, Reza Hasmath Dec 2010

De La Búsqueda De Empleo Al Ascenso. Experiencias De Las Minorías Étnicas En Pekín, Reza Hasmath

Reza Hasmath

Valiéndose de datos del censo y de entrevistas personales, el autor estudia las experiencias laborales de los trabajadores y solicitantes de empleo de Pekín pertenecientes a minorías étnicas. Los datos del mercado de trabajo indican que estas personas se hallan en desventaja respecto de la etnia han, que es la dominante, sobre todo en el acceso a los puestos más cualificados y mejor remunerados. Las comprobaciones del autor dejan entrever que ello puede achacarse a las lagunas de que adolece el orden laboral y que fomentan la dependencia de las redes sociales en este terreno. [Winner of the Society for …

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Recherche D’Emploi, Embauche Et Promotions Le Vécu Des Minorités Ethniques Sur Le Marché Du Travail De Beijing, Reza Hasmath Dec 2010

Recherche D’Emploi, Embauche Et Promotions Le Vécu Des Minorités Ethniques Sur Le Marché Du Travail De Beijing, Reza Hasmath

Reza Hasmath

S'appuyant sur les microdonnées d'un recensement et les entretiens qu'il a menés auprès de travailleurs et d'employeurs, l'auteur examine la recherche d'emploi, l'embauche et la promotion des personnes issues des minorités ethniques à Beijing. Les données indiquent que les minorités ethniques sont défavorisées par rapport à l'ethnie dominante Han, notamment en ce qui concerne les emplois qualifiés offrant un salaire élevé. Les entretiens individuels menés par l'auteur montrent que ce handicap peut être dû aux failles de la structure institutionnelle qui favorisent le recours aux réseaux sociaux lors de la recherche d'emploi, de l'embauche et des promotions. [Winner of the …

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From Undemocratic To Democratic Civil Society: Japan's Volunteer Fire Departments, Mary Alice Haddad Jan 2010

From Undemocratic To Democratic Civil Society: Japan's Volunteer Fire Departments, Mary Alice Haddad

Mary Alice Haddad

How do undemocratic civic organizations become compatible with democratic civil society? How do local organizations merge older patriarchal, hierarchical values and practices with newer more egalitarian, democratic ones? This article tells the story of how volunteer fire departments have done this in Japan. Their transformation from centralized war instrument of an authoritarian regime to local community safety organization of a full-fledged democracy did not happen overnight. A slow process of demographic and value changes helped the organization adjust to more democratic social values and practices. The way in which this organization made the transition offers important lessons for emerging democracies …

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The Big Payoff? Educational And Occupational Attainments Of Ethnic Minorities In Beijing, Reza Hasmath Dec 2007

The Big Payoff? Educational And Occupational Attainments Of Ethnic Minorities In Beijing, Reza Hasmath

Reza Hasmath

Ethnic minority development in Beijing has been marred by deep-seated historical experiences of strained ethnic relations. In spite of this situation, this article demonstrates that ethnic minorities in the capital city have achieved greater educational attainments than the dominant, Han group. Yet, when it comes to their occupational outcomes in high-wage, education-intensive (HWEI) sectors, minorities seemingly pay an ‘ethnic penalty’. That is, the Han demographic are disproportionately represented in HWEI occupational sectors. Building upon previous evidence, this article discusses this discrepancy and offers suggestions for improvement. [Winner of the European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes’ Research Prize for …

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Transformation Of Japan’S Civil Society Landscape, Mary Alice Haddad Aug 2007

Transformation Of Japan’S Civil Society Landscape, Mary Alice Haddad

Mary Alice Haddad

Japan’s civil society is being transformed as more people volunteer for advocacy and professional nonprofit organizations. In the American context, this trend has been accompanied by a decline in participation in traditional organizations. Does the rise in new types of nonprofit groups herald a decline of traditional volunteering in Japan? This article argues that while changes in civil rights, political opportunity structure, and technology have also taken place in Japan, they have contributed to the rise of new groups without causing traditional organizations to decline, because Japanese attitudes about civic responsibility have continued to support traditional volunteering.

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Politics And Volunteering In Japan: A Global Perspective, Mary Alice Haddad Feb 2007

Politics And Volunteering In Japan: A Global Perspective, Mary Alice Haddad

Mary Alice Haddad

Politics and Volunteering begins by painting a portrait of volunteering in Japan, and demonstrates that our current understandings of civil society have been based implicitly on a U.S. model that does not adequately consider participation patterns found in other parts of the world. The book develops a theory of civic participation that, incorporates citizen attitudes about governmental and individual responsibility, with societal and governmental practices that support (or hinder) volunteer participation. This theory is tested using cross-national and sub-national statistical analysis, and it is refined through detailed case studies of volunteering in three Japanese cities. The findings are then used …

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