Arts and Humanities Commons^™

Grieving And Reconciliation In Baltimore After The American Civil War, Jennifer Prior

Master's Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to examine how residents of Baltimore, Maryland, grieved their losses after the Civil War. Thantalogical studies of the stages of grief were compared with various public events and institutions throughout the city's culture. Special focus was placed upon Baltimore's internal split during the war as portions of its population opted to fight on opposing sides. This study reveals not only how the city progressed through its bereavement, but also how it found selected outlets of expression to manage emotional pain.

Virginia Celebrates The Yorktown Centennial Of 1881, Julie Anne Sweet-Mcginty

Master's Theses

This study chronicles the planning, execution, and aftermath of the Yorktown Centennial of October 1881 in Yorktown, Richmond, and Norfolk. Beyond its original expectation of memorializing the one hundredth anniversary of the last major battle for independence, as the first nationally prominent celebration to occur on Southern soil after the Civil War, it made reconciliation among the states a significant aspect of the occasion. Also, it marked the first national gathering after the assassination of President James A. Garfield as well as the occasion for the first public speech given by the new President, Chester A. Arthur. The presence of …

Partisanship Within The American Civil Libterties Union: The Board Of Directors, The Struggle With Anti-Communism, And Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, Douglas Colin Post

Master's Theses

The American Civil Liberties Union and an overwhelming majority of its historians have maintained that the organization has devoted its efforts solely to the protection of the Bill of Rights. This thesis examines that claim, focusing on the events that culminated in the expulsion of Elizabeth Gurley Flynn from the Union's Board of Directors. Relying primarily on the organization's own publications and archives, as well as several insiders' accounts, the analysis concludes that the issue of communism increasingly polarized the Board and, in a gross violation of its nonpartisan commitment to the defense of civil liberties, led ultimately to the …

The History Of The South Side Railroad, 1846-1870, James M. Bisbee

Master's Theses

The South Side Rail Road, chartered in 1846, was the fourth railroad to serve the city of Petersburg, Virginia, and, upon its completion in 1854, was the only direct rail link the city had through the Virginia Piedmont to Lynchburg and points west. The railroad was a major conveyor of trade through the Southside region of Virginia and served as an engine of economic development for the area. During the Civil War the road was a vital means of transportation of men and materiel for the Confederate government. After the war, General William Mahone, a railroad professional and war hero, …

The Canton Commune, Royce Patrick Grubic

Master's Theses

The Canton Commune is a detailed study of the Communist-led insurrection that occurred in the city of Canton in southern China on December 11-13, 1927, and its fate as history. Attention is paid in the thesis to the Commune's significant presence in the discourse of the Stalin-Trotsky power struggle of the late 1920s. The primary emphasis, however, is on the Commune's inability to become part of the revolutionary mythology of the People's Republic of China or international communism. The author traces the evolution of Soviet and Chinese interpretations of the Canton Commune, using these as a means to explore the …

Richmond's Taverns In The Years 1775 - 1810 : Their Role In The City's Development From Frontier Town To Capital City, Anne Rachel Hedges

Master's Theses

Richmond's taverns provided food, drink and lodging to travelers. They also served as vital community links for various pastimes, such as gambling, but also expanded their sphere of influence during the nineteenth century by providing spaces for auctions and sales, as well as theatrical and musical performances. An examination of contemporary travelers' accounts, as well as newspapers, wills, insurance reports and legislative documents provided an in-depth portrait of the taverns' importance to the city. The development of numerous taverns in Richmond paralleled the city's prominence as the new capital city of Virginia, and preceded the rapid growth Richmond would experience …

They Also Served : The Women Of Southwestern Virginia During The American Revolution, Rebecca A. Vaught

Master's Theses

This thesis looks at the legal status and the daily lives of the women living on the Virginia frontier in the counties of Augusta, Botetourt, Montgomery and Washington during the period of the American Revolution. All ages and all levels of society are given consideration in developing the theme that the service performed by the women who survived the rigors of frontier life during this crucial period in American history was as valuable in its own way as was the service performed by their male contemporaries. Court records give insight into the plight of servants and slaves. Court records also …

I'Ve Been Working On The Railroad : The Saga Of The Richmond, Fredericksburg And Potomac Railroad Company, C. Coleman Mcgehee

Master's Theses

The Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad Company (RF&P) is the only American railroad that has operated for over a century and a half under its original name and charter without reorganization. It is also the last remaining company in which the Commonwealth of Virginia held stock that was purchased in 1834 to encourage the development of transportation within the State.

This thesis covers the history of this company with major emphasis on the period 1955-1991. It was during this time that the RF&P was transformed from a "pure railroad" to a corporation that not only owned a strategic 113 mile …

The Parallel Lives Of Two Displaced Royalists : Moore Fauntleroy And Warham Horsmanden, Cyane Dandridge Williams

Master's Theses

The study is of two displaced Royalists, Moore Fauntleroy and Warham Horsmanden, who left England in the mid-seventeenth century. It examines their motivations for leaving their homeland and the results of their tenure in Virginia.

Research was conducted in England at the British Library in the British Museum, the Public Record Office, London, and the County Archives of Kent, Maidstone, Kent, and the Archives of Southampton, Winchester. In Virginia, research was continued at the Virginia Historical Society Library, Richmond; the State Archives of Virginia, Richmond; and Essex County Court House, Tappahannock.

The research disclosed that a myriad of reasons existed …

A Study Of The Movement To Equalize Virginia's Dual School Systems During The Years 1934-1945 With A Focus On Chesterfield County And Richmond City Public Schools, Michael Stephen Irby

Master's Theses

The efforts to equalize the legally segregated schools in Virginia began in the mid 1930's. It was a movement supported by the N.A.A.C.P. and others that targeted six specific areas: (1) Equality of school term; (2) Equality of pay for black teachers having the same qualifications and doing the same work as white teachers; (3) Equality of transportation for black school children at public expense; (4) Equality of buildings and equipment; (5) Equality of per capita expenditure for education of black students; (6) Equality in graduate and professional training. The major sources of information used included newspapers and magazines, Papers …

London On The Eve Of War 1642, Daniel Roberts

Master's Theses

At the beginning of his reign the City of London was well-disposed toward King Charles I. Yet, in early January 1642, he felt compelled to flee the environs of the capital. This essay seeks to describe the cause of alienation between King and capital, concluding that Charles' policies so abused the City and its leaders that their natural royalist predisposition was shattered and London became the engine of Parliament's victory in the Civil War. Chapter One describes the physical appearance of the City of London at the time. The second chapter is a demographic survey portraying the city fathers' as …

The Role Of The Tobacco Trade In Turkish-American Relations, 1923-29., Robert Carey Goodman

Master's Theses

This study of the tobacco trade between Turkey and the United States provides new perspectives on two major themes in Turkish-American relations between 1923 and 1929: the effect of Turkish nationalism on American interests in Ataturk's Turkey, and the effort to restore Turkish- American diplomatic ties broken during World War I. The marked rise in American cigarette consumption after World War I made the tobacco trade a crucial link between Turkey and America because it required the importation of aromatic tobacco. During the Turkish Republic' s first decades, the value of American tobacco imports from Turkey exceeded the value of …

A History Of The Village Of Midlothian, Virginia, Emphasizing The Period 1835-1935, Barbara Irene Burtchett

Master's Theses

An overview of Midlothian from its beginning and particularly for the century 1835 to 1935 reveals a village (unincorporated) that developed to house and provide necessities for the people working in the coal mines. The same village continued to survive when the mines closed because the railroad that had come through the village to serve the local people, provided both freight and passenger services, jobs, and transportation to jobs in Richmond. As more people bought cars and trucks the railroad service dwindled but continued to provide passenger service for the entire first half of the twentieth century. Richmond took a …

Methodist Circuit-Riders In America, 1766-1844, William A. Powell Jr.

Master's Theses

The Methodist Episcopal Church became the largest religious denomination in the United States during the 1820's. Local expressions of the national body were established in nearly every American community. Methodist expansion was largely a result of the activity of circuitriders. These itinerants traveled and proclaimed the gospel to citizens, many of whom joined the Church and became part of a religious movement which influenced the l development of culture in the United States.

The traveling minister in the Methodist Church was noted for his self-sacrificing spirit. He endured hardships in the ministry which few men of the present age can …

La Grammaire Générale Et La Linguistique Générale : Étude Sur Le Rationalisme Et L'Empirisme Dans Les Théories Linguistiques Des Dix-Septième Et Dix-Huitième Siècles, Jacqueline Mcdonald

Master's Theses

Le but de la présente étude est d'examiner la nature du problème de l'origine des langues, tel qu'il se présentait au dix-huitième siècle. Une attention particulière est accordée, d'une part, à la Grammaire générale et raisonnée de Port-Royal, et de l'autre aux théories empiriques, ceci enfin de distinguer les facteurs qui contribuèrent à l'élaboration d'une nouvelle philosophie linguistique.

A Political History Of The Poll Tax In Virginia, 1900-1950, Conley L. Edwards

Master's Theses

The poll tax occupies a unique place in Virginia's suffrage history. Basically a twentieth century device ostensibly originated to provide revenue for the state by requiring payment of a fee before the exercise of the franchise, there was probably no other practice quite as foreign to the expanding suffrage traditions of Virginia's history as the poll tax. The only precursor to this tax was a capitation tax levied intermittently, the first such tax appearing in 1623 in the form of a levy of ten pounds of tobacco to meet the debt arising from defenses against local Indians. Free Negroes and …

The Participation Of The Richmond Negro In Politics, 1890-1900, Joe B. Wilkins

Master's Theses

This short treatise on one aspect of Negro history is the result of the author's pro'ound interest in United States history. The author's personal interest in the history of the Negro in the New South contributed to the selection of this topic.

The Richmond Negro by the end of the decade,1890-1900, was Virtually powerless politically and was ostracized from white society. All Negro Councilmen and Aldermen had been defeated in the May 1896 municipal elections and had been unsuccessful in regaining their seats. Thus in ten years the Negro had lost almost all political rights and witnessed the paternalistic attitude …

Caesar In Spain : An Economic Policy?, Robert O. Turek

Master's Theses

The question we set out to investigate was whether Caesar exhibited an organized policy toward the economy of the Spanish provinces. Two distinct aspects have been considered: that of Spain itself and its economic growth and that of Caesar personally and his policies.

During the first century B.C. the Spanish peninsula was exhibiting signs of the economic growth which reached its height during the first two centuries of Imperial times. Mining, industry and commerce were flourishing. Agriculture was becoming ore diverse and profitable. Italian immigration, both of money and manpower, was providing an impetus to spur the growth which had …

Agriculture In The Fredericksburg Area, Harold J. Muddiman

Master's Theses

This paper is a study of agriculture and rural conditions in the Virginia counties of Caroline, Culpeper, Orange, Spotsylvania, and Stafford from 1800 to 1840. These counties are located in the north-central section of the state. The easternmost of the counties, Caroline, is located on the edge of the Tidewater section; Orange and Culpeper, in the Piedmont, extend to the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains. The land is generally flat in the east, becomes more rolling as it approaches the mountains. Soils range from sandy loams in Caroline County to the sandy and clay loams with underlying crystalline rock …

French And German Influences On The Horror Novels Of Lewis, Maturin, Le Fanu, And Stoker, Robert Wesley Sanderson

Master's Theses

The Gothic horror novel is a fascinating subject for study. Its development and the influences upon this development provide much opportunity for investigation and research. This thesis will examine the French and German influences on the horror novels of Matthew Lewis, Charles Maturin, Joseph Le Fanu, and Bram Stoker.

The York River Railroad : 1851-1881, Stuart B. Medlin

Master's Theses

The construction of railroads in the State of Virginia was perhaps the single most important economic development that affected the growth of the state. Connecting isolated sections of the state, railroads enabled rural and urban areas to share their respective contributions to the economic prosperity of the common-wealth. Beginning in 1836, when Virginia's first line was constructed, Virginia railroading developed rapidly from 676 3/4 miles in 1851 to 1,954 miles in 1880.

One of the lines that contributed to this economic development was a short thirty-eight mile track that ran from Richmond to West Point at the head of the …

Monopolies During The Reign Of James I., William Charles Thompson

Master's Theses

The Statue of Monopolies or 1624 occupies a prominent place in the economic history of England. It was the first national patent law to contain all the essentials, and thereby made a large contribution to England's later technical progress.

The History And Development Of Port Facilities Of The Chesapeake And Ohio Railway Company, Newport News, Virginia, Ronald Winborne Odom

Master's Theses

The purpose of this study is to present a survey of the history and ·development of port facilities of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad at Newport News, Virginia. This survey will cover the embryonic existence of the Port during the Colonial Period and trace its slow but progressive development up to and including the present day.

A History Of The Department Of Legal Medicine At Medical College Of Virginia, Mary A. Giunta

Master's Theses

Legal medicine can be defined as "the aoience of the application of medical knowledge to the purposes of the law." Therefore, its limits are on the one hand the requirements of the laws and on the other the whole range of medicine, that is to say, anatomy, physiology, pathology, pharmacology, medicine, surgery, obstetrics, gynecology, and all the sciences auxiliary thereto, that is, chemistry, physics, botany, et cetera; all lend their aid when necessity arises and in the same case to enable a court of law to arrive at a proper conclusion on a contested question affecting life or property."

With …

A History Of The First Unitarian Church Of San Jose, California, Debra N. Dietiker

Master's Theses

The history of the First Unitarian Church of San Jose reveals the church as a microcosm in the macrocosm of Unitarianism and Protestantism in the United States during the last century. Certain themes and tensions have established themselves as they have arisen and been repeated in the history of the San Jose church against the background of Unitarianism and Protestantism in San Jose, in California and in the United States.

The Hitler-Youth In The Third Reich, David Crawford Poteet

Master's Theses

This work attempts to answer, at least in part, two specific questions: why did the Hitler-Youth arise, and what was it? Any judgement which this paper offers as to why the Hitler-Youth arose by all rights should be questioned. Probably it is too soon to attempt such an analysis. But if attempts were never made, the criticism, which almost invariably results in further thinking and perhaps firmer conclusions would have no point at which to begin.

Leisure Time In Eighteenth-Century Virginia, Andrew Jackson Johnson

Master's Theses

Eighteenth-century Virginia was strikingly agrarian. Tobacco planting on the plantations and farms created an ever-increasing need for new land. The growth of a dispersed rural society reacted against the formation of urban focal units and a middle class. This society did create, because of the endemic loneliness of the country, a people who desired companionship and proved to be gregarious and convivial.

The hospitality for which Virginians are well known was very much in evidence at this period and served in a subtle way to offer diversion to both guest and host. Travelers were invited to the plantations and farms …

Traveller's Comments On Virginia Taverns, Ordinaries And Other Accomodations From 1750 To 1812, James Walter Hosier

Master's Theses

This paper will attempt to point out the comments or the various travellers in Virginia concerning the functions of public houses from 1750 to lP.12. The travellers as individuals had their prejudices, inaccuracies, and contradictions, but their remarks, on tho other hand, help to give a valuable on the scene picture of this area of early Virginia history. Traveller's comments on hospitality and transportation, two areas which greatly influenced the state's public houses, will also be included to form e better perspective, and on occasion laws, newspapers and other articles will be used to clarify and expend various topics mentioned …

A Historical Study Of The Role Of The Industrialist In The Tobacco, Flour And Textile Industries Of Virginia 1860-1890, Leslie Winston Smith

Master's Theses

The primary objective of this study is to ascertain what part, if any, the prominent industrialists of Virginia, in the postwar-pretwentieth century period, played in the economic rejuvenation of a state that was ravaged for four years by invaders and defenders alike. Cognizant of the fact that Virginia industry after 1865 was attending a degree of diversification, nonetheless, this study will be limited to three primary industries, namely tobacco, flour and textiles. Even though these three industries, with the possible exception of textiles, were found in most towns and cities throughout the state, only four cities have been selected for …

The American Revolutionary Soldier, 1775-1781, Robert Edward Hanie

Master's Theses

The object of this paper is to present a survey of soldier life in the American Revolutionary Army. Although the study might be labeled "social history", the researcher believes that history is the product of all the kaleidoscopic events of the past, and that no phenomena exerts an influence of undue proportions. History is alive. History provides the continuing link between the vast "eons" of the past and the remarkable shortness of the "present."