Arts and Humanities Commons^™

American Censorship And The Cartoon During World War Ii, D. Mark Davis

The Thetean: A Student Journal for Scholarly Historical Writing

WORLD WAR II was indeed a war of global proportions. It involved fifty-six countries, saw armed conflict on every continent except Antarctica, caused over three billion dollars in physical damage, and cost the lives of over fifty-five million people. However, in spite of the tremendous size and costs of World War II, this era is often remembered in America as a time when men felt honor in fighting and dying for their liberty, women went to work in a patriotic effort to support their nation, and freedom, liberty, and democracy overcame the evil and oppressive forces of fascism. Ironically, during …

"Too Immoral To Be Narrated By A Woman": Censoring Erotic Fiction Of Arab Women Writers In Girls Of Riyadh And Distant View Of A Minaret And Other Stories, Muhammed Salem

Comparative Woman

In the Arab world, bargaining with censorship has been an ongoing struggle for writers, particularly female authors. How could we explain that only male writers were allowed to discuss sexuality in the Arabic canon, insofar as female characters are portrayed as passive sexual objects? Are Arab women writers victims of double censorship? One is imposed on their fellow male writers, and another is tacit censorship which judges women’s morality based on their writing. Girls of Riyadh (2007) by Saudi novelist, Rajaa Abdullah Alsanea, and Distant View of the Minaret and Other Stories (1987) by Egyptian novelist, Alifa Rifaat, are two …

Data Lost, Forbidden Or Controlled?: The Archivists Of Horizon Forbidden West, Ashley Lanni

Proceedings from the Document Academy

This paper discusses the archival and information usage practices of characters within the 2022 video game Horizon Forbidden West. It considers how science fiction settings, particularly those based in post-apocalyptic futures with different technology and information practices, can help us reflect on how contemporary society interacts with information and determines its use. Furthermore, the paper explores the social responsibility informational professionals have toward the world around them through contrasting various groups and characters within the game, positing that the main group's actions are the most morally lauded within the game's narrative.

“Wall Of Force”: Analyzing The Partition Of India And Pakistan In Haroun And The Sea Of The Stories, Grace Mowery

Channels: Where Disciplines Meet

Literary scholars have often interpreted Salman Rushdie’s children’s book Haroun and the Sea of Stories as a critique of censorship, but Eva König’s postcolonial analysis provides an alternate interpretation of the book. This essay builds upon König’s work and argues that the book instead critiques the damaged relationship between India and Pakistan following the 1947 partition. König’s inclusion of Edward Said’s views of othering in her analysis strengthens her argument, but she does not account for Rushdie’s context. Contextualizing the book within the history of the partition and accounting for Rushdie’s condemnation of it allows scholars to compare the fictionalized …

Book Censorship In Post-Tiananmen China (1989-2019), Yuwu Song

Journal of East Asian Libraries

Abstract: Censorship has become more prevalent in Chinese cultural and social life since the 1989 Tiananmen Square Massacre. Modern commentary on Chinese censorship focuses on news media and Internet, but neglects print books, which is part of a broader crackdown on dissent. To fill this gap, the project aims to map the contours of book censorship in China during the past 30 years. The emphasis is on the Chinese authorities’ increasing attempts to dominate people’s minds under Xi Jinping, who ascended to power as the leader of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 2012. The project reveals different levels of …

Cinema Studies: Different Perspectives, Burak Turten

University of South Florida (USF) M3 Publishing

PREFACE

Cinema Studies: Different Perspectives is essential reading for anyone interested in cinema discipline. The singular aim of this edited book of scholarly text is to stimulate and engage readers in the fast-changing, complex, and increasingly interdisciplinary nature of cinema studies, and to serve as a catalyst for future intellectual, academic, and professional-driven research agendas. It is believed that the integration of cinema studies with other disciplines will undoubtedly contribute to the development of the cinema field both in practice and in theory.

Therefore, each chapter of this book, which consists of 9 chapters, focuses on a sub-discipline such as …

Panic At The Picture Show: Southern Movie Theatre Culture And The Struggle To Desegregate, Susannah L. Broun

Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal

This paper explores the complex desegregation process of movie theatres in the southern United States. Building off of historiography that investigates regulations of postwar teenage sexuality and recent scholarly work that acknowledges the link between sexuality and civil rights, I argue that movie theatres had a uniquely delayed desegregation process due to perceived sexual intrigue of the dark, private theatre space. Through analysis of drive-in and hardtop theatres, censorship of on-screen content, and youth involvement in desegregation, I contend that anxieties of interracial intimacy and unsupervised teenage sexuality produced this especially prolonged integration process.

Copland And Communism: Mystery And Mayhem, Emilie Schulze

Musical Offerings

In the midst of the second Red Scare, Aaron Copland, an American composer, came under fire for his communist tendencies. Between the 1930s and 1950s, he joined the left-leaning populist Popular Front, composed a protest song, wrote Lincoln Portrait and Fanfare for the Common Man, traveled to South America, spoke at the Cultural and Scientific Conference for World Peace, and donated to communist leaning organizations such as the American-Soviet Musical Society. Due to Copland’s personal communist leanings, Eisenhower’s Inaugural Concert Committee censored a performance of Copland’s Lincoln Portrait in 1953. HUAC (The House Committee on Un-American Activities) brought Copland to …

The Book I Never Got To Read: A Tale Of Book Censorship, Courtney Everett

Emerging Writers

From the expression of authors to sharing perceptions of the world, the use of literature has been one of the most common ways of teaching students for generations. However, with opposing viewpoints and conflicting ideas, literary censorship has continued to become an issue among communities for longer than people realize, and it brings harm to humanity over time. This essay discusses the recent conflict of banning books in communities and its affect on students.

Letter From The Editor-In-Chief, Keith Hatschek

Backstage Pass

Outgoing Editor-in-Chief, Keith Hatschek, relates what accomplishments the editors of the journal have achieved, as well as previewing the content from this issue.

The Effects Of Victorian Circulating Libraries On The Conventions Of Society, Kaitlyn M. Clary

Steeplechase: An ORCA Student Journal

As an era that is oftentimes categorized as one of the most prudish in British history, it is commonplace to see the Victorian Period as a time that imposed strict moral codes onto people of all classes, genders, and ages. Although the 18th century proved to be quite lenient with the manner in which social behavior was controlled, the 19th century proved to be an era of tension between the social order and individual desire, particularly for the middle and upper classes. With the aid of the Industrial Revolution, many governments found it essential to utilize the newly innovated printing …

Today’S Fake News Is Tomorrow’S Fake History: How Us History Textbooks Mirror Corporate News Media Narratives, Nolan Higdon, Mickey Huff, Jen Lyons

Secrecy and Society

The main thrust of this study is to assess how the systematic biases found in mass media journalism affect the writing of history textbooks. There has been little attention paid to how the dissemination of select news information regarding the recent past, particularly from the 1990s through the War on Terror, influences the ways in which US history is taught in schools. This study employs a critical-historical lens with a media ecology framework to compare Project Censored’s annual list of censored and under-reported stories to the leading and most adopted high school and college US history textbooks. The findings reveal …

Concealing In The Public Interest, Or Why We Must Teach Secrecy, Susan Maret

Secrecy and Society

Secrecy as the intentional or unintentional concealment of information is the subject of investigation within the humanities, social sciences, journalism, law and legal studies. However, the subject it is not widely taught as a distinct social problem within higher education. In this article, I report personal experience with developing and teaching a graduate level course on a particular type of secrecy, government secrecy, at the School of Information, San Jose State University. This article includes discussion on selecting course materials, creating assignments, and navigating controversial histories. This article also sets the stage to this special issue of Secrecy and Society …

Censorship Of Rock And Roll, Meaghan Curtin

Emerging Writers

This short essay explores the history of censorship of rock and roll music.

Kate O’Brien: Queer Hauntings In The Feminist Archive, Naoise Murphy

Journal of Feminist Scholarship

The archive of Irish writer Kate O’Brien is a notable example of how queerness haunts the mainstream of feminist literary spaces. The 2019 Museum of Literature Ireland (MoLI) exhibition Kate O’Brien: Arrow to the Heart, which set out to restore this censored novelist’s place in the archive of twentieth-century Irish writing, provides a case study of these dynamics. Queer and feminist perspectives on the archive, with a focus on affect, hauntings and Sara Ahmed’s “queer use,” illuminate the conflicting epistemologies regulating the O’Brien archive. Reading this exhibition as an Irish queer, affective experience collides with entrenched structures of power …

Book Review: Public Library Collections In The Balance: Censorship, Inclusivity, And Truth, Jennifer Downey, Carrie E. Kitzmiller

School of Information Student Research Journal

No abstract provided.

Watch Me If You Can! Un Cinéma Algérien En Quête De Diffusion Et De Réception, Salima Tenfiche

Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature

After a civil war that left more than 200 000 dead in Algeria in the 1990s, the return to peace in 2003 and the rise in the price of oil allowed Algerian cinema to return to the international scene. The state has invested several billion Algerian dinars since 2005 to revive film production and start renovating the country's four hundred movie theaters that had been abandoned since the late 1980s. Today, fifty-three movie theaters are functional throughout Algeria, yet they do not open their doors to the public. These movie theaters are still perceived as shady places, and they struggle …

Abolish Censorship And Adopt Critical Media Literacy: A Proactive Approach To Media And Youth In The Middle East, Abeer Alnajjar

Journal of Media Literacy Education

This paper challenges the dominant patronizing approach to youth and media in the Middle East and argues that the calls for censorship of youth media exposure are obsolete and counterproductive. It argues that although censorship advocates have a legitimate concern over media risks, their approaches are ineffective, short-lived and alienating, disregarding the potential that media hold for young people. The author believes that elites in MENA should shift their focus to empower youth to use media to learn; to voice their worldviews and experiences; and to work for the betterment of themselves and their societies. The paper recommends two strategies:1) …

Paradise Or Purgatory? Religion And The Ethical Librarian, Pamela Hayes-Bohanan

Bridgewater Review

No abstract provided.

Dismantling Bodies: The War On Terror, And The Wound Aesthetic Of Csi: Crime Scene Investigation (2000-2015), Christopher J. Davies

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

This paper interrogates the aesthetic signature of CSI: Crime Scene Investigation (2000-2015). Utilizing a selection of representative episodes airing during George W. Bush’s first term, I analyze how CSI mobilizes a particular aesthetic of wounding in which wound sites, bodily and geographic, may be understood to serve as vulnerable apertures through which underlying threads of critical engagement with the direction of the 9/11 discourse may be aspirated from within the body of the text. Specifically, I approach the wound sites of CSI as sources of war-on-terror critique that serve political double-duty. On the one hand, CSI’s injury-centric narratives and …

Tolerance In Academic Debate, Mario Coronado Cartmell

Writing Waves

Keywords: Trigger Warning, Safe Spaces, Censorship

The Practice Of Secularism In Religious Cencorship In Turkish Film (1939-1990), Aditama Aditama, Nadira Bella Rachmanti, Siti Rohmah Soekarba

International Review of Humanities Studies

This paper analyzes a film as one of the media with the ability to convey certain messages to the public. Films can reflect the social and cultural conditions of society, thereby they can be used to spread the current ideas, views, and ideologies of a country. Films in Turkey are part of a culture that has developed rapidly and has become an entertainment for the people. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk reformed and turned Turkey into a new country with the ideology of secularism, controlling religious institutions and expressions. This journal article aims to describe the implementation of Turkish secular ideology in …

Whose Market Is It Anyway? A Philosophy And Law Critique Of The Supreme Court’S Free-Speech Absolutism, Spencer Bradley

Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)

In the wake of Charlottesville, the rise of the alt-right, and campus controversies, the First Amendment has fallen into public scrutiny. Historically, the First Amendment’s “marketplace of ideas” has been a driving source of American political identity; since Brandenburg v. Ohio, the First Amendment protects all speech from government interference unless it causes incitement. The marketplace of ideas allows for the good and the bad ideas to enter American society and ultimately allows the people to decide their own course.

Yet, is the First Amendment truly a tool of social progress? Initially, the First Amendment curtailed war-time dissidents and …

Young Adult Literature: Ethics, Evils, And The Ever-Present Question Of Censorship, Alexandria K. Mintah

Exigence

This paper explores censorship in regard to young adult (YA) literature, examining the reasons why YA is often censored and how such censored content relates to the mental capabilities and emotional needs of YA’s readership. The author reviews the arguments of both supporters and opponents of censored YA: supporters cite intellectual freedom and adolescent need, claiming the First Amendment protects adolescents’ right to read and that YA books are too valuable to teens’ development to be confiscated. Critics state that YA has become toxic, full of explicit evil, and is therefore unsuitable for adolescent consumption. The author concludes that complete …

Resist: A Controversial Display And Reflections On The Academic Library’S Role In Promoting Discourse And Engagement, Stephanie Beene, Cindy Pierard

Urban Library Journal

Libraries engage communities in a variety of ways, including through exhibitions and displays. However, librarians may not always know how to promote critical discourse if controversy arises surrounding exhibits or displays. This article reflects on one academic library’s experience hosting a controversial display during a divisive political time for the library’s parent institution, its broader urban community, and the United States as a whole. The authors contextualize the display, created by a local art collective, against the backdrop of creative activism, and consider implications for library displays and exhibits within similar environments. Rather than retreating from controversy, libraries have an …

Still Banned After All These Years- Retracing The Journey Of Cavani’S ‘Revolutionary’ Galileo (1968)., Silvia Angeli

Journal of Religion & Film

“Revolutionary” and “scandalous” are adjectives the late Ettore Bernabei, General Director of Italian State Television (RAI) from 1961 to 1974, used to describe Liliana Cavani’s Galileo (1968) in a 2005 interview for Corriere della Sera. Such harsh judgment reflects the undiminished hostility of a significant branch of Italian Catholicism toward the film. The fact that almost 50 years after its release Galileo has yet to be broadcast on public television despite being commissioned by it unequivocally confirms this hostility. Based on primary sources such as press articles and archival sources, this article chronicles Galileo’s incredible journey through …

She Would Not Be Silenced: Mae West's Struggle Against Censorship, Charlotte N. Toledo

The Downtown Review

Mae West, an actress during Hollywood's Golden Age, used her fame on stage, in films, and on the radio to offer social commentary on relationships between men and women in society. Her irreverent style of addressing issues of female sexuality and power certainly caught peoples attention and made them think about these issues in new ways. At the same time, her racy delivery made her a target of stage, film, and radio censorship. She refused to be silenced and continually pushed against restrictions to deliver he message of empowerment in her trademark provocative manner.

Thinking Out Loud: On Dangerous Books, Difficult Stories, Different Lives, Ed Madden

South Carolina Libraries

In this keynote address from the 2014 SCLA conference in Columbia, Ed Madden discusses the legislative responses to the use of his book, Out Loud: The Best of Rainbow Radio, as the common reading at USC Upstate in the fall of 2013. Along with Fun Home, used as a common reading at the College of Charleston, Out Loud was attacked by South Carolina legislators who objecting to gay and lesbian subject matter in common reading programs. Madden explores the idea of "dangerous" books.

Nineteenth Century Views On Theater And Drama In English, Rebecca Unetic

Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato

With the passing of the Licensing Act of 1737 and until its repeal in 1969 the Lord Chamberlain’s office has been legally able to censor any drama to be performed at established theatres in England. However, the 1737 Act left inconsistencies in the definition of censorship and the role of censor. People who were involved in theatre believed the Lord Chamberlain’s office gained too much power from the Act. In the nineteenth century, actors, playwrights and members of Parliament agitated for the reform of the 1737 Licensing Act, which led to the establishment of three special parliamentary committees in 1822-1823, …

Fouling The First Amendment: Why Colleges Can't, And Shouldn't, Control Student Athletes' Speech On Social Media, Frank D. Lomonte

Journal of Business & Technology Law

No abstract provided.