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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities
Anger And Our Humanity: Transhumanists Stoke The Flames Of An Ancient Conflict, Susan B. Levin
Anger And Our Humanity: Transhumanists Stoke The Flames Of An Ancient Conflict, Susan B. Levin
Philosophy: Faculty Publications
This paper presents Stoicism as, in broad historical terms, the point of origin in Western thought of an extreme form of rational essentialism that persists today in the debate over human bioenhancement. Advocates of “radical” enhancement (or transhumanists) would have us codify extreme rational essentialism through manipulation of genes and the brain to maximize rational ability and eliminate the capacity for emotions deemed unsalutary. They, like Stoics, see anger as especially dangerous. The ancient dispute between Stoics and Aristotle over the nature and permissibility of anger has contemporary analogues. I argue that, on the merits, this controversy should, finally, be …
The Pragma-Dialectics Of Dispassionate Discourse: Early Nyāya Argumentation Theory, Malcolm Keating
The Pragma-Dialectics Of Dispassionate Discourse: Early Nyāya Argumentation Theory, Malcolm Keating
Philosophy: Faculty Publications
Analytic philosophers have, since the pioneering work of B.K. Matilal, emphasized the contributions of Nyāya philosophers to what contemporary philosophy considers epistemology. More recently, scholarly work demonstrates the relevance of their ideas to argumentation theory, an interdisciplinary area of study drawing on epistemology as well as logic, rhetoric, and linguistics. This paper shows how early Nyāya theorizing about argumentation, from Vātsyāyana to Jayanta Bhaṭṭa, can fruitfully be juxtaposed with the pragma-dialectic approach to argumentation pioneered by Frans van Eemeren. I illustrate the implications of this analysis with a case study from Jayanta Bhaṭṭa’s satirical play, Much Ado about Religion (Āgamaḍambara).
The Role Of Language In Building Abstract, Generalized Conceptual Representations Of One-And Two-Place Predicates: A Comparison Between Adults And Infants, Jill De Villiers
The Role Of Language In Building Abstract, Generalized Conceptual Representations Of One-And Two-Place Predicates: A Comparison Between Adults And Infants, Jill De Villiers
Philosophy: Faculty Publications
Theories of relations between language and conceptual development benefit from empirical evidence for concepts available in infancy, but such evidence is comparatively scarce. Here, we examine early representations of specific concepts, namely, sets of dynamic events corresponding either to predicates involving two variables with a reversible, asymmetric relation between them (such as the set of all events that correspond to a linguistic phrase like “a dog is pushing a car,”) or to comparatively simpler, one-variable predicates (such as the set of events corresponding to a phrase like “a dog is jumping.”). We develop a non-linguistic, anticipatory eye-tracking task that can …
A Touchy Subject: Optimality And Coreference, Jill De Villiers, Jacqueline Cahillane, Emily Altreuter
A Touchy Subject: Optimality And Coreference, Jill De Villiers, Jacqueline Cahillane, Emily Altreuter
Philosophy: Faculty Publications
Four studies are reported that compare production and comprehension of structures involving Principle A and B with 68 English speaking children. The stimuli included simple and complex sentences combined with simple and quantified NPs, each with reflexives and pronouns. A novel technique using a laptop proved successful for eliciting stimulus descriptions as well as truth value judgment. The results test a recent Optimality account of binding by Hendriks and Spenader (2004), but it is argued that more constraints are needed. Although the data can be fit well by the constraints, questions remain about whether it is theoretically satisfactory.
With Language In Mind, Jill De Villiers
With Language In Mind, Jill De Villiers
Philosophy: Faculty Publications
Does language have a role to play in conceptual development, and if so, what is that role? Understanding the contents of another person’s mind parallels the development in early childhood of mental state language. Does the conceptual understanding get reflected in and drive the language development, or does the language allow the representation of propositional attitudes like belief? The paper reviews the evidence and sets up the terms of the debate, focusing on the syntax for mental states. It also asks whether syntax development could serve as a scaffold for other concepts that are described by propositions rather than labels. …
Children's Sensitivity To Prosody And Ostension In Answers To Wh-Questions, Bethany Stoddard, Jill De Villiers
Children's Sensitivity To Prosody And Ostension In Answers To Wh-Questions, Bethany Stoddard, Jill De Villiers
Philosophy: Faculty Publications
This paper examines the effects of two often overlooked factors in children’s answers to wh-questions: the prosodic contour of the question and the complexity of the visual stimuli. There are two potential effects on the interpretation of a question in English: whether it is moved, and what kind of prosody it has.
Assessing Dual Language Learners Of Spanish And English: Development Of The Quils: Es, Jill De Villiers, Aquiles Iglesias, Roberta Golinkoff, Kathy Hirsh-Pasek, Mary Sweig Wilson, Ratna Nandakumar
Assessing Dual Language Learners Of Spanish And English: Development Of The Quils: Es, Jill De Villiers, Aquiles Iglesias, Roberta Golinkoff, Kathy Hirsh-Pasek, Mary Sweig Wilson, Ratna Nandakumar
Philosophy: Faculty Publications
Introduction and objectives
Developing a language screener for Dual Language Learners presents numerous challenges. We discuss possible solutions for theoretical and methodological problems often encountered in the development of such a test and illustrate possible solutions using a newly developed language screener for Dual Language Learners.
Materials and methods
The process for developing, validating and norming the screener is also offered as a potential model for the development of other assessments for Dual Language Learners throughout the world. The twelve types of subtests are in three categories: Vocabulary, Syntax, and Process.
Results and conclusions
Results from the Tryout and Norming …
Ten Moons: Consciousness And Intentionality In The Alambanapariksa And Its Commentaries, Jay L. Garfield
Ten Moons: Consciousness And Intentionality In The Alambanapariksa And Its Commentaries, Jay L. Garfield
Philosophy: Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.