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Social and Behavioral Sciences

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2009

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Articles 1351 - 1380 of 1427

Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities

Men, Migration And Hegemonic Masculinity, Mike Donaldson, R. Howson Jan 2009

Men, Migration And Hegemonic Masculinity, Mike Donaldson, R. Howson

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

While migrant men may renegotiate the patriarchal dividend after resettlement in Australia, fundamental elements of their gendered behaviour and beliefs remain unchanged, and may even be reinforced. In particular, working hard in a paying job and doing so for the family while guiding and protecting it, are very strong practices and beliefs that migrant men both bring with them from their homelands, and encounter on their arrival. This cannot be a product of chance or an historical accident, but must reflect resilient underlying structures existent in private and public life.

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The Corporate Agenda For Environmental Property Rights, Sharon Beder Jan 2009

The Corporate Agenda For Environmental Property Rights, Sharon Beder

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Market and property-rights based approaches to environmental problems have been heavily promoted by conservative think tanks. Consequently policies such as emissions trading, water markets, tradeable fishing quotas and conservation banking pervade environmental policy in English speaking nations. They have enabled the corporate neo-liberal agenda of deregulation, privatisation and an unconstrained market to be dressed up as an environmental virtue. This market-faith based approach is proving to be largely ineffective at protecting the environment and also inequitable.

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Neoliberalism And The Global Financial Crisis, Sharon Beder Jan 2009

Neoliberalism And The Global Financial Crisis, Sharon Beder

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The new right advocated policies that aided the accumulation of profits and wealth in fewer hands with the argument that it would promote investment, thereby creating more jobs and more prosperity for all. However financial markets provide opportunities for investment without creating jobs and, as the global financial crisis has revealed, speculative investment feeds an ephemeral prosperity that can be wiped out in a short time period. Inequities resulting from new right policies – including the deregulation of labour markets and the reduction of government spending – reduced consumer demand which had to be propped up with consumer credit and …

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The Modernist Roman À Clef And Cultural Secrets, Or I Know That You Know That I Know That You Know, Melissa Boyde Jan 2009

The Modernist Roman À Clef And Cultural Secrets, Or I Know That You Know That I Know That You Know, Melissa Boyde

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Roman à clef, a French term meaning ‘novel with a key’, refers to fictional works in which actual people or events can be identified by a knowing reader, typically a member of a coterie. Seventeenth century writer and salonnière Madeleine de Scudéry (1607–1701) is attributed as the innovator of the genre creating it to disguise from the general reader the public figures whose political actions and ideas formed the basis of her fictional narratives. In taking up the genre a number of modernist women writers, including Djuna Barnes and Hope Mirrlees, reflected and reinterpreted this era in the early twentieth …

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The Poet And The Ghosts Are Walking The Streets: Hope Mirrlees – Life And Poetry, Melissa Boyde Jan 2009

The Poet And The Ghosts Are Walking The Streets: Hope Mirrlees – Life And Poetry, Melissa Boyde

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Hope Mirrlees (1887-1978), a British writer, was until recently perhaps best known for her fantasy novel Lud-in-the-Mist (1926) which attracted a cult following after its republication in the 1970s. She achieved a measure of celebrity as a result, attested to by the photograph of her, taken with her dog, published in a 1973 Travel and Leisure magazine with the caption: ‘A frequent guest over two decades, poet and novelist Hope Mirrlees and her pug, Fred, are very much at home in the foyer of the Basil’, a Knightsbridge hotel. Mirrlees also wrote two other novels, a biography, several translations and …

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Brave New World: Myth And Migration In Recent Asian-Australian Picture Books, Wenche Ommundsen Jan 2009

Brave New World: Myth And Migration In Recent Asian-Australian Picture Books, Wenche Ommundsen

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

From Exodus to the American Dream, from Terra Nullius to the Yellow Peril to multicultural harmony, migration has provided a rich source of myth throughout human history. It engenders dreams, fears and memories in both migrant and resident populations; giving rise to hope for a new start and a bright future, feelings of exile and alienation, nostalgia for lost homelands, dreams of belonging and entitlement, fears of invasion, dispossession and cultural extinction. It has inspired artists and writers from the time of the Ancient Testament to the contemporary age of globalisation and mass migration and it has exercised the minds …

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The Electronic Fabric Of Resistance : A Constructive Network Of Online Users And Activists Challenging A Rigid Copyright Regime, Kwang-Suk Lee Jan 2009

The Electronic Fabric Of Resistance : A Constructive Network Of Online Users And Activists Challenging A Rigid Copyright Regime, Kwang-Suk Lee

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The study examines the autonomous activities of South Korea’s Internet users to counter the new intellectual property (IP) regime, specifically, how Internet users and civil rights groups joined together early in 2005 to construct a widespread network of resistance against the 2004 Copyright Act, and how the two camps interacted with each other. During the first quarter of 2005, Internet users’ counter-activities to the copyright law were spontaneous and voluntarily interconnected to each other without any help from the civil rights movement. The users’ activities sprang spontaneously from anger that the government’s IP regime would deprive them of their rights …

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Book Review - George Irvin, Super Rich: The Rise Of Inequality In Britain And The United States, Anthony Ashbolt Jan 2009

Book Review - George Irvin, Super Rich: The Rise Of Inequality In Britain And The United States, Anthony Ashbolt

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

In a splendid essay in The London Review of Books (11 September, 2008), Ross McKibbon took the hatchet to New Labour. He expressed particular distaste for the ‘democracy of manners’ that has made Britain resemble Australian and American society. This democracy of manners is, of course, all surface egalitarianism concealing profound inequality. He bemoaned ‘the moral exclusion of those who were once considered part of Labour’s constituency – the social underdogs’ (p. 22). The government, in particular, sidelined young working class men, portraying them as outside ‘the sphere of moral worth’. McKibbon acknowledged that Britain ‘is a very much more …

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Screening Early Europe: Premodern Projections, Louise D'Arcens Jan 2009

Screening Early Europe: Premodern Projections, Louise D'Arcens

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The study of screen representations of early Europe is a growing area that has come in recent years to occupy a vital place within the various disciplines of early European studies, especially in medieval studies and, to a lesser degree, in Classics and early modern studies. From encyclopaedias of medievalist films such as Kevin J. Harty’s The Reel Middle Ages (1999) and such other punningly-titled studies as Knight at the Movies (John Aberth, 2003), through to studies of medieval heroism on screen (Harty’s Cinema Arthuriana, 2002, Driver and Ray’s The Medieval Hero on Screen, 2004), and recent enquiries into the …

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Iraq, The Prequel(S): Historicising Military Occupation And Withdrawal In Kingdom Of Heaven And 300, Louise D'Arcens Jan 2009

Iraq, The Prequel(S): Historicising Military Occupation And Withdrawal In Kingdom Of Heaven And 300, Louise D'Arcens

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

As well as being historical films, Zack Snyder’s 300 and Ridley Scott’s Kingdom of Heaven both reflect on the value and the danger of historical commemoration and amnesia. The films’ opposing stances on the ‘righteous’ use of history directly link to their differing uses of historical East-West clashes (Thermopylae and the Crusades) as allegorical commentaries on current East-West tensions, specifically the Western occupation of Iraq. Examining these films together, however, illuminates the cross-historical heroic idiom they both share, and thus exposes the drawbacks of the historical periodisation that persists in current approaches to film in medieval and classical studies.

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"She Ensample Was By Good Techynge": Hermiene Ulrich And Chaucer Under Capricorn, Louise D'Arcens Jan 2009

"She Ensample Was By Good Techynge": Hermiene Ulrich And Chaucer Under Capricorn, Louise D'Arcens

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Hermiene Frederica Ulrich (later Parnell) is a significant but now largely forgotten figure in early Australian academic history, who is especially notable for her brief but vital contribution to the tradition of early female readership of Chaucer in Australia. Despite her exclusion from university teaching after a promising and vital early career, Ulrich/Parnell continued to figure in her contribution as a public medievalist. This essay argues that Ulrich/Parnell's contribution as an early woman reader of Chaucer has been overlooked because of three-fold feminization in which her gender, teaching career, and colonial status have all rendered her the antithesis of the …

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Eavesdropping With Permission: The Politics Of Listening For Safer Speaking Spaces, Tanja Dreher Jan 2009

Eavesdropping With Permission: The Politics Of Listening For Safer Speaking Spaces, Tanja Dreher

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This paper explores the possibilities and limits of a politics of ‘listening’ as a strategy for a privileged white woman to contribute to antiracism in the face of dominant discourses of gendered protectionism. Reflecting on my own role as a co-convenor of a series of workshops aimed at intervening in discourses and policies of ‘protection’ directed at Indigenous and Muslim women, I suggest that ‘eavesdropping with permission’ may in some cases contribute to the negotiation of safer speaking spaces. In contrast to ‘dialogue’ aimed at empathy or understanding, ‘eavesdropping with permission’ involves the possibility of shifting risk and redistributing discomfort …

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Multicultural Literature In Australia And The Austlit Database, Michael Jacklin Jan 2009

Multicultural Literature In Australia And The Austlit Database, Michael Jacklin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Did you know that among the earliest of Australia’s multicultural writers is the Spanish-born Rudesindo Salvado, whose memoir, Memorie Storiche dell'Australia, was published in Italy in 1851? Salvado’s book, though perhaps not well-known, is held in its English translation by at least fifty Australian libraries. Better known is The Eureka Stockade, published in Melbourne in 1855 by Italian-born Raffaelo Carboni, another of Australia’s multicultural writers. The AustLit database’s Australian Multicultural Writers subset (http://www.austlit.edu.au/ specialistDatasets/MW) lists more than 3 000 writers who have identified as having cultural backgrounds other than Anglo- Celtic, and whose works have been published from the early …

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The Stolen Generations, Michael Jacklin Jan 2009

The Stolen Generations, Michael Jacklin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Since the coming of the Europeans, Australia’s ecosystems have been challenged by exotic, introduced species which, once established, quickly spread and threaten both native species and environmental balance. Jim Bloke, the first-person narrator of Bruce Pascoe’s new novel, is unaware of the most recent of these biotic challenges – abalone virus ganglioneuritis or AVG – when chance brings him into the small East Gippsland town of Nullakarn. Soon after settling in at the local pub – before he’s got the foam off the top of his third beer – he’s been offered a place on the local footy team and …

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Developing An Online Community Of Learners For Second Language Students Using Design-Based Research, Mariolina Pais Marden, Janice A. Herrington, Anthony J. Herrington Jan 2009

Developing An Online Community Of Learners For Second Language Students Using Design-Based Research, Mariolina Pais Marden, Janice A. Herrington, Anthony J. Herrington

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This paper describes the design of a research project that adopted a designbased research (DBR) approach to create and implement an online community of second language learners of Italian. For one semester a group of sixteen intermediate and advanced level students of Italian, their teacher and seven Italian native speaker facilitators participated in the activities of an online community of practice and interacted with each other through the communication tools and resources of an online learning management system. This paper presents the four phases of the study using the DBR model outlined by Reeves (2006) and the methodology that informs …

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A Matter Of Conscience? The Democratic Significance Of 'Conscience Votes' In Legislating Bioethics In Australia, Kerry Ross, Susan M. Dodds, Rachel A. Ankeny Jan 2009

A Matter Of Conscience? The Democratic Significance Of 'Conscience Votes' In Legislating Bioethics In Australia, Kerry Ross, Susan M. Dodds, Rachel A. Ankeny

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

In Australia, members of a political party are expected to vote as a block on the instructions of their party. Occasionally a ‘conscience vote’ (or ‘free vote’) is allowed, which releases parliamentarians from the obligation to maintain party discipline and permits them to vote according to their ‘conscience.’ In recent years Australia has had a number of conscience votes in federal Parliament, many of which have focused on bioethical issues (e.g., euthanasia, abortion, RU486, and embryonic/stem cell research and cloning). This paper examines the use of conscience votes in six key case studies in these contested areas of policy-making, with …

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Utopias Of Violence: Pierce's Knights Of Tortall And The Contemporary Heroic, Anne L. Melano Jan 2009

Utopias Of Violence: Pierce's Knights Of Tortall And The Contemporary Heroic, Anne L. Melano

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Within each of the heroic genres there lies a further possibility, less often explored; that of a society of heroes - in its ideal form, an heroic utopia. Medievalist fantasy works are a particularly rich source of idealised heroic societies. Despite their considerable popularity, leading medievalist fantasy works have been dismissed as reactionary, consolatory or promulgating a masculinist monomyth. The idealised heroic in Pierce's Protector of the Small quartet draws heavily on earlier heroic and medievalist traditions and yet presents contemporary concerns. The novels are set within a male-dominated society while depicting women and girls in powerful, society-changing roles. It …

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‘Re-Mediating’ The Ruptures Of Migration: The Use Of Internet And Mobile Phones In Migrant Women’S Organizations In Ireland, Carla De Tona, Andrew Whelan Jan 2009

‘Re-Mediating’ The Ruptures Of Migration: The Use Of Internet And Mobile Phones In Migrant Women’S Organizations In Ireland, Carla De Tona, Andrew Whelan

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

There is a common conception that new information and communication technologies have the potential to achieve greater social equity; to empower migrants, particularly in the construction of diasporic spaces and agency. However, this achievement is not uniform: media are enmeshed in pre-existent power structures. Gender, class, and ‘race’ mark the lines of the technological divide. To explore these issues, we look at the case of migrant women in Ireland who are active in migrant organisations. Despite uneven access to mediated information flows, adaptive innovation in communication technology use is evident in these organisations. Mediatised communication and information are integral to …

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Leeching Bataille: Peer-To-Peer Potlatch And The Acephalic Response, Andrew Whelan Jan 2009

Leeching Bataille: Peer-To-Peer Potlatch And The Acephalic Response, Andrew Whelan

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

the states of excitation … the illogical and irresistible impulse to reject material or moral goods that it would have been possible to utilize rationally (in conformity with the balancing of accounts). Connected to the losses that are realized in this way … is the creation of unproductive values; the most absurd of these values, and the one that makes people the most rapacious, is glory. Made complete through degradation, glory, appearing in a sometimes sinister and sometimes brilliant form, has never ceased to dominate social existence; it is impossible to attempt to do anything without it (Bataille 1985: 128-129).

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Sizing Up Culture: The Spirit, The Flesh And The Body Mass Index, George Matheson Jan 2009

Sizing Up Culture: The Spirit, The Flesh And The Body Mass Index, George Matheson

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

As a concept in the human sciences, ‘culture’ is a many-splendored thing. This paper nevertheless argues for a broadening of the significations of the word in sociological and related discourses from the now typical focus on symbols, language, art et cetera to the general idea of cultivation, of directing and guiding processes of life, growth and development on whatever scale. Such usage would be consistent with both the history of the word and its contemporary uses in other disciplinary contexts. These speculations are illustrated with reference to some North American telephone survey data on people’s self-reported heights and weights. Explaining …

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Chinese Culture Cures: Ouyang Yu's Representation And Resolution Of The Immigrant Syndrome In The Eastern Slope Chronicle, Dan Huang Jan 2009

Chinese Culture Cures: Ouyang Yu's Representation And Resolution Of The Immigrant Syndrome In The Eastern Slope Chronicle, Dan Huang

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

ASIAN AUSTRALIAN LITERATURE HAS GROWN PROSPEROUS since Australia opened its door to Asian immigrants, as evidenced by the emergence of Asian Australian writers like Brian Castro, Lilian Ng, Lau Siew Mei, Beth Yahp, Hsu-Ming Teo, and so on. The Chinese diasporic writers from the various parts of Asia tell their hometown stories and share their migrant experience in their host countries. Ouyang Yu, a bilingual writer from mainland China “is perhaps the most indecorous writer currently at work today” (Birns 194). Ouyang Yu came to Australia in 1991 as an international student to do his Ph.D. research on the representation …

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'Acting Sovereign' In The Face Of Gendered Protectionism, Goldie Osuri, Tanja Dreher, Elaine Laforteza Jan 2009

'Acting Sovereign' In The Face Of Gendered Protectionism, Goldie Osuri, Tanja Dreher, Elaine Laforteza

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The papers in this volume arise from a politics of ‘acting sovereign’ in the face of discourses of gendered protectionism focused on Indigenous and Muslim women in Australia. Discourses of ‘protection’ have been deployed to legitimize ongoing colonial relations, particularly in terms of the Intervention into Northern Territory Indigenous communities and the policing of Muslim communities during the ‘war on terror’. In this editorial we outline the contemporary politics of gendered protection and the possibilities for ‘acting sovereign’, as well as introducing a series of workshops convened in order to explore possibilities for alliances and interventions around these themes. The …

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Research Productivity: Some Paths Less Travelled, Brian Martin Jan 2009

Research Productivity: Some Paths Less Travelled, Brian Martin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Conventional approaches for fostering research productivity, such as recruitment and incentives, do relatively little to develop latent capacities in researchers. Six promising unorthodox approaches are the promotion of regular writing, tools for creativity, good luck, happiness, good health and crowd wisdom. These options challenge conventional ideas about research management.

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'By Diggers Defended, By Victorians Mended': Australian Soldiers And The Reconstruction Of Villers Bretonneux, Linda Wade Jan 2009

'By Diggers Defended, By Victorians Mended': Australian Soldiers And The Reconstruction Of Villers Bretonneux, Linda Wade

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The city of Melbourne adopted the French town of Villers Bretonneux under the auspices of the British League of Help in 1920. Money was raised in Victoria and sent to Villers Bretonneux to help with rebuilding the town after it was destroyed in fighting during April 1918. Many Australian soldiers had been involved in that fighting, and had lived in the cellars and dilapidated homes there. They had also helped the local population flee from the advancing Germans, and to pick up the pieces of their lives when they began returning to the area, such that the Australian men were …

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The Legendary Overseas Chinese Anti-Japanese Army In The Defence Of Singapore During The Japanese Invasion Of February 1942, Jung Kwok Jan 2009

The Legendary Overseas Chinese Anti-Japanese Army In The Defence Of Singapore During The Japanese Invasion Of February 1942, Jung Kwok

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Known as the Overseas Anti-Japanese Army by the Chinese in Singapore but officially as Dalforce by the British, this was a Chinese militia unit formed to defend Singapore Island during the Japanese invasion in 1942. Its unit history written by its deputy commander Major Hu Tie Jun suggests that the Overseas Anti-Japanese Army was a heroic and patriotic army. The legendary exploits of the Overseas Chinese Anti-Japanese Army has since been picked up by Singaporean journalist writer Foong Choon Hon and made into a popular wartime narrative in Singapore in his best seller war narrative The Price of Peace. Since …

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Academic Patronage, Brian Martin Jan 2009

Academic Patronage, Brian Martin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Patronage, expansively conceived as covering all forms of bias and discrimination, is pervasive in organisations and professions, including academia. Four key types of academic patronage operate through decisions made, processes used, assistance given to individuals and personal interactions. Some forms of patronage, especially discrimination on the basis of sex and ethnicity, have come under sustained criticism and are officially stigmatised. However, policies for equal opportunity and against conflicts of interest have only begun to address more personal forms of patronage. Some forms of patronage, such as supporting one's research students, are common and treated as normal; systems without such patronage …

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We're One And Many: Remembering Auto/Biographically: The Year's Work In Non-Fiction 2008-2009, Antonio J. Simoes Da Silva Jan 2009

We're One And Many: Remembering Auto/Biographically: The Year's Work In Non-Fiction 2008-2009, Antonio J. Simoes Da Silva

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This year as in years past, the story of self told by self or other is strongly represented in this article review, and ranges from Brian Dibble’s impressive and endlessly fascinating biography of Elizabeth Jolley, to the earnest memoir of Paul Crittenden, crafted with integrity but a little too much attention to the dross of life, to Kim E. Beazley Sr. monotonous but historically worthy recording of his time as a politician who attained high office at state and federal level.

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The Evolution Of 'Malay' Labour Activism, 1870-1947: Protest Among Pearling Crews In Dutch East Indies-Australian Waters, Julia T. Martinez Jan 2009

The Evolution Of 'Malay' Labour Activism, 1870-1947: Protest Among Pearling Crews In Dutch East Indies-Australian Waters, Julia T. Martinez

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The history of Indonesian labour activism as seen from an Australianperspective is best known in the context of World War Two when the presenceof Asian seamen in Australia sparked a flourish of internationalism and anticolonialprotest under the umbrella organization of the Seamen's Union ofAustralia. But the story of Malay maritime worker protest has a deeper history,reaching back to the early years of the pearl-shelling and trepang industrieswhen Malay workers from the Dutch East Indies were brought to work off thenorthern Australian coast. Before the advent of a seamen's union, these workersfaced harsh working conditions and had little recourse to legal …

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Re-Presenting Urban Aboriginal Identities: Self-Representation In "Children Of The Sun", Colleen Mcgloin, Bronwyn Lumby Jan 2009

Re-Presenting Urban Aboriginal Identities: Self-Representation In "Children Of The Sun", Colleen Mcgloin, Bronwyn Lumby

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Teaching Aboriginal Studies to a diverse student cohort presents challenges in the pursuit of developing a critical pedagogy. In this paper, we present Children of the Sun, a local film made by Indigenous Youth in the Illawarra region south of Sydney, New South Wales. We outline the film's genesis and its utilisation in our praxis. The film is a useful resource in the teaching of urban Aboriginal identity to primarily non-Indigenous students in the discipline of Aboriginal Studies. It contributes to the development of critical thinking, and our own critical practice as educators and offers a starting point to address …

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Pathways Into Bullying, Deborah Osborne Jan 2009

Pathways Into Bullying, Deborah Osborne

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This paper contributes to the topic of educational integrity by presenting an empirical contribution that develops grounded substantive theory in the field of workplace bullying. Intrinsically there is a strong link between educational integrity and bullying because bullying is a violation of integrity. Educational integrity is underpinned by broad principles of honesty trust, equity, respect, responsibility and inclusion. The study investigated the process of becoming bullied, being bullied and the consequences for individuals and organisational cultures. Grounded theory (GT) analysis of informants’ constructions was based on action. Pathways of dissent and difference characterised by ‘standing up’ or ‘standing out’ emerged …

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