Arts and Humanities Commons^™

Rights, Individualism, Community: Aristotle And The Communitarian-Liberalism Debate, Jeffery Nicholas

Jeffery Nicholas

I argue that Aristotle could not be a fore-runner to liberalism, because his view of humanity is that human beings are constituted by a community and achieve self-fulfillment only as so constituted. Thus, Aristotle endorses a unique position that defends the freedom and self-development of the individual within the parameters of a social order.

The Camel's Nose Is In The Tent: Rules, Theories And Slippery Slopes, Mario Rizzo, Glen Whitman

Mario Rizzo

The authors provide a general theory for understanding and evaluating slippery slope arguments (SSAs) and their associated slippery slope events (SSEs). The central feature of the theory is a structure of discussion within which all arguments take place. The structure is multi-layered, consisting of decisions, rules, theories,and research programs. Each layer influences and shapes the layer beneath: rules influences decisions, theories influence the choice of rules, and research programs influence the choice of theories. In this structure, SSAs take the form of meta-arguments, as they purport to predict the future development of arguments in this structure. Evaluating such arguments requires …

Will The Real Charles Fried Please Stand Up?, Paul Miller, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

In response to the preceding commentary by Jerry Menikoff in this issue of the Journal, the authors argue that Fried's central concern is not that randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are conducted without consent, but rather that various aspects of the design and conduct of RCTs are in tension with physicians' duties of personal care to their patients. Although Fried does argue that the existence of equipoise cannot justify failure to obtain consent from research subjects, informed consent by itself does not supplant ill subjects' rights to personalized judgment and care embodied in Fried's equipoise.

Importance Of Informed Consent In Offering To Return Research Results To Research Participants, Conrad Fernandez, Eric Kodish, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

A Bibliographical Guide To Nineteenth-Century British Journal Publications On Greece, Kyriakos N. Demetriou

Kyriakos N. Demetriou

The first idea for this guide sprung from an investigation into the reception of modern Greece by Victorian classical scholars, i.e., their understanding, first, of the political affairs relating to the Revolution of 1821, and, second, of the major constitutional, civil, and cultural changes that took place during the nineteenth century. Examining the lists of contents of the numerous monthly Victorian periodicals soon led to the realization that there existed a remarkable record of review articles and contributions on Greece with a full range of opinion on major contemporary issues, such as politics, education, travel, religion, culture, and historiography. The …

Consciousness And Complexity, Todd Moody

Todd Moody

No abstract provided.

Self-Transparency And The Possibility Of Deliberative Politics, Cillian Mcbride

Cillian McBride

No abstract provided.

Is 'The Blues' Black Enough?, Stephen Asma

Stephen T Asma

Reviews the television program "The Blues."

Offering To Return Results To Research Participants: Attitudes And Needs Of Principal Investigators In The Children's Oncology Group, Conrad Fernandez, Eric Kodish, Susan Shurin, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

PURPOSE: The offer to return a summary of results to participants after the conclusion of clinical research has many potential benefits. The authors determined current practice and attitudes and needs of researchers in establishing programs to return results to research participants.

METHODS: An Internet survey of all 236 principal investigators (PIs) of the Children's Oncology Group in May 2002 recorded PI and institutional demographics, current practice, and perceived barriers to and needs of PIs for the creation of research results programs.

RESULTS: One hundred fifty (63.8%) PIs responded. Few institutions (n = 5) had established, comprehensive programs to offer the …

After The Tree Had Fallen: Recent Works And Collaborations By Alex Caldiero And Frank Mcentire, Scott Abbott

Scott Abbott

No abstract provided.

Bioethics In Social Context, Edited By Barry Hoffmaster, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

The Ethics Of Placebo-Controlled Trials, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

Rehabilitating Equipoise, Paul Miller, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

When may a physician legitimately offer enrollment in a randomized clinical trial (RCT) to her patient? Two answers to this question have had a profound impact on the research ethics literature. Equipoise, as originated by Charles Fried, which we term Fried's equipoise (FE), stipulates that a physician may offer trial enrollment to her patient only when the physician is genuinely uncertain as to the preferred treatment. Clinical equipoise (CE), originated by Benjamin Freedman, requires that there exist a state of honest, professional disagreement in the community of expert practitioners as to the preferred treatment. FE and CE are widely understood …

Is The Use Of Placebo Controls Ethically Permissible In Clinical Trials Of Agents Intended To Reduce Fractures In Osteoporosis?, Baruch Brody, Nancy Dickey, Susan Ellenberg, Robert Heaney, Robert Levine, Richard O'Brien, Ruth Purtilo, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

Substantial progress has been made in developing treatments that reduce the risk of fractures in osteoporosis. However, available treatments are only partially effective, they are not widely used, and there is need to search for more effective means of fracture prevention. Currently known effective means of reducing fractures were found using randomized placebo-controlled trials. The use of placebo controls in clinical trials has been a subject of significant controversy in recent years. The Declaration of Helsinki revision of October 2000 caused great concern among clinical investigators about the future use of placebo controls if known effective therapeutic agents are available. …

Feminist Moral Philosophy, Samantha Brennan

Samantha Brennan

No abstract provided.

Disclosure Of The Right Of Research Participants To Receive Research Results: An Analysis Of Consent Forms In The Children's Oncology Group, Conrad Fernandez, Eric Kodish, Shaureen Taweel, Susan Shurin, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

BACKGROUND: The offer of return of research results to study participants has many potential benefits. The current study examined the offer of return of research results by analyzing consent forms from 2 acute lymphoblastic leukemia studies of the 235 institutional members of the Children's Oncology Group.

METHODS: Institutional review board (IRB)-approved consent forms from 2 standard-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia studies (Children's Cancer Group [CCG] 1991 and Pediatric Oncology Group [POG] 9407) were analyzed independently by 2 reviewers.

RESULTS: The authors received replies from 202 of the 235 institutions that were contacted (85%). One hundred eighty-one institutions had CCG 1991 (n …

Therapeutic Obligation In Clinical Research, Charles Weijer, Paul Miller

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

Informing Study Participants Of Research Results: An Ethical Imperative, Conrad Fernandez, Eric Kodish, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

Report On The 18th International Social Philosophy Conference, Samantha Brennan, Todd Calder

Samantha Brennan

No abstract provided.

Moss Understood Art Of Compromise, David R. Keller

David R. Keller

No abstract provided.

The Intellectual's New Clothes: Review Of "Public Intellectuals: A Study Of Decline," Richard Posner, And "One World: The Ethics Of Globalization," Peter Singer, Julian Friedland

Julian Friedland

This review provides a critique of the public intellectual phenomenon via a joint review of two books by public intellectuals, namely Richard Posner and Peter Singer. Please note, the article starts on p. 195 of the attached document.

Awake, Ye Saints Of God, Awake! - Mixed Choir, Keith Rowley

Keith D Rowley

An SATB choir and piano arrangement of the hymn by Evan Stephens, with words by Eliza R. Snow.

There Is A Green Hill Far Away - Mixed Choir, Keith Rowley

Keith D Rowley

An Easter anthem for SATB choir and piano arranged from a song by Charles Gounod with words by Cecil Frances Alexander.

A Plea For Theory In Rethinking Human Rights, Siegfried Van Duffel

Siegfried Van Duffel

Edward Rubin has claimed that we should rethink human rights. From his paper, however, it is neither clear why this should be the case, nor what would be involved in rethinking them. I suggest that we need a theory of rights.

Peirce's "Diagrammatic Reasoning" As A Solution Of The Learning Paradox, Michael H.G. Hoffmann

Michael H.G. Hoffmann

How can we reach “new” levels of knowledge if “new” means that there is something “evolved” that cannot be generated simply by deduction or by induction from what has been given before. The paper’s first goal is to show that two paradigmatic attempts at solving this so-called “learning paradox,” Plato’s apriorism and Aristotle’s inductivism, form two horns of a dilemma: While the inductivist cannot justify any representation of data without assuming a priori given hypotheses, the apriorist cannot justify why a certain application of given ideas is correct without being caught in an infinite regress. The second goal is to …

Lernende Lernen Abduktiv: Eine Methodologie Kreativen Denkens, Michael H.G. Hoffmann

Michael H.G. Hoffmann

No abstract provided.

Two Conceptions Of Relevance, Jonathan Yovel

Jonathan Yovel

Courts use complex modes of relevance judgments in regulating the introduction of information and construction of factual narratives; likewise, common law works both through and around relevance presuppositions in determining doctrine. This study examines different functions of relevance - conceived as different conceptions, at times competing, at times interdependent. The distinctions between these conceptions are arranged on three levels: 1) a normative/"causal" level, arguing for the status of relevance as a requirement for a "meaning-based" conception of entailment and drawing on discussions from relevance logic (RL) and modal logic; 2) a pragmatic/metapragmatic level that explores the ways in which law's …

Globalizing_Cultural_Values, Chenyang Li

Chenyang Li

No abstract provided.

Consensus, Legitimacy, And The Exercise Of Judgement In Political Deliberation, Cillian Mcbride

Cillian McBride

Deliberative Democrats have been criticised for promoting an overly consensual style of politics. Agonistic democrats argue that this is because they allow justice to displace ‘the political’ while others make the opposite charge: deliberative democrats pay insufficient attention to justice and the confrontational style of politics which may be necessary to secure social justice. I argue that the deliberative model aims at strengthening democratic legitimacy, not at producing consensus and that it is centrally concerned with stimulating the exercise of citizens’ capacity for judgement. The duty of civility should be regarded as a duty to make impartial judgements, not as …

L'Etica Di Lonergan, Richard M. Liddy

Richard M Liddy

No abstract provided.