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Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Architecture
Updating Bridge Reliability Based On Bridge Management Systems Visual Inspection Results, Allen C. Estes, Dan M. Frangopol
Updating Bridge Reliability Based On Bridge Management Systems Visual Inspection Results, Allen C. Estes, Dan M. Frangopol
Architectural Engineering
Bridge management systems have become increasingly sophisticated over the past decade and provide valuable information about the structural condition of all bridges in the national database. At the same time, reliability methods have gained increasing prominence and are used to forecast life-cycle performance over many decades of structural life. Such reliability analyses need to be updated based on the results of inspections. Specifically targeted nondestructive evaluations are the preferred solution, but are not always available for every bridge. This paper examines how the visual inspection data provided from bridge management systems already in place can be used to update the …
Performance Review Of Indoor Noise Criteria, Lily M. Wang, Erica Eileen Bowden
Performance Review Of Indoor Noise Criteria, Lily M. Wang, Erica Eileen Bowden
Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications
Currently there are a number of indoor noise criteria used to quantify the level of background noise in rooms, including Noise Criteria (NC), Balanced Noise Criteria (NCB), Room Criteria (RC), Room Criteria Mark II (RC Mark II) and others. This paper reviews the pros and cons of each of these and then compares the values measured in existing classrooms in the Omaha area. The authors are in the process of subjectively comparing these various criteria to determine which method best correlates with human perception. The subjective testing methods and preliminary results are discussed.
Structural Design Practice Assumptions And Code Interpretation, Craig Baltimore
Structural Design Practice Assumptions And Code Interpretation, Craig Baltimore
Architectural Engineering
No abstract provided.
Correlating Off-Axis Tension Tests To Shear Modulus Of Wood-Based Panels, Edmond P. Saliklis, Robert H. Falk
Correlating Off-Axis Tension Tests To Shear Modulus Of Wood-Based Panels, Edmond P. Saliklis, Robert H. Falk
Architectural Engineering
The weakness of existing relationships correlating off-axis modulus of elasticity E to shear modulus G12 for wood composite panels is demonstrated through presentation of extensive experimental data. A new relationship is proposed that performs better than existing equations found in the literature. This relationship can be manipulated to calculate the shear modulus G12 of orthotropic specimens such as wood-based panels solely from off-axis tension (or compression) tests. The proposed relationship reduces to classical theory for the isotropic case. In all cases tested, the newly proposed relationship is a better fit to the data than the traditional orthotropic elasticity equation.
Finite Element Simulation Of Retrogressive Failure Of Submarine Slopes, A. Azizian, Radu Popescu
Finite Element Simulation Of Retrogressive Failure Of Submarine Slopes, A. Azizian, Radu Popescu
Architectural Engineering
To simulate earthquake-induced, retrogressive submarine slope failures, element removal capabilities of a finite element program are used to model a soil mass that fails and then flows away, causing upper parts of slope to fail retrogressively due to loss of support. It is explained how an initial failure leads to subsequent failures of a flat or gently sloping seafloor. Effects of a silt layer and gently sloping seafloor on the extension of retrogression in a sand deposit are studied. The extension of failure increases significantly for a gently sloping seafloor with the presence of a silt layer.
Hershey Arena: Anton Tedesko’S Pioneering Form, Edmond P. Saliklis, David P. Billington
Hershey Arena: Anton Tedesko’S Pioneering Form, Edmond P. Saliklis, David P. Billington
Architectural Engineering
Civil engineering structures are part of our cultural heritage. The story of who we are can be told, in part, by what we have built. There have been pivotal moments in civil engineering design history wherein a master engineer creates a pioneering structure. One major example is Anton Tedesko’s 1936 Hershey Ice Arena, the first large-scale thin shell concrete roof in the United States. Tedesko left all his papers, including the original design and analysis calculations of the Hershey shell, to the Princeton Maillart Archives. These documents, as well as other archival materials and photographs, provide insight into the design …
Mass Transfer And Benzene Removal From Air Using Latex Rubber Tubing And A Hollow-Fiber Membrane Module, Mark W. Fitch, Jeffrey Neeman, Ellen England
Mass Transfer And Benzene Removal From Air Using Latex Rubber Tubing And A Hollow-Fiber Membrane Module, Mark W. Fitch, Jeffrey Neeman, Ellen England
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
A Dense-Phase Latex Rubber Tube and a Polyporous Propylene Hollow-Fiber Membrane Module (HFMM) Were Investigated for Control of Benzene-Contaminated Gas Streams. the Abiotic Mass Flux Observed through the Latex Tube Was 3.9-13 Mg/(Min·m2) for 150 Ppm of Benzene at Various Gas and Liquid Flow Rates, While a 100-Fold Lower Mass Flux Was Observed in the HFMM. after Seeding with an Aromatic-Degrading Culture Enriched from Activated Sludge, the Observed Removal Was 80% of 150 Ppm, Corresponding to a Mass Flux of 45 Mg/(Min·m2). the Observed Mass Flux through the HFMM during Biofiltration Also Rose, to 0.4 Mg/(Min·m2). Because the HFMM Had …
Energy Performance Of Indirect Evaporative Cooling In Chilled Ceiling Applications In Maritime Temperate Climates, Ben Costelloe, Donal Finn
Energy Performance Of Indirect Evaporative Cooling In Chilled Ceiling Applications In Maritime Temperate Climates, Ben Costelloe, Donal Finn
Conference Papers
Evaporative cooling has had limited application in maritime, temperate, climates due to the low levels of cooling water availability which result, when low temperature (5 to 8˚C), convection based, building cooling systems are used. However, the success of "high temperature" radiant cooling, in the form of chilled ceilings, has prompted a review of evaporative cooling in maritime, temperate, conditions. In order to maximize evaporative cooling availability, however, in this application, it is necessary to achieve low wet bulb temperature approach conditions, at viable levels of primary energy consumption. This paper presents the results of experimental research into the energy performance …
Finite Element Modeling Of Guastavino Tiled Arches, Edmond P. Saliklis, S. J. Kurtz, S. V. Furnbach
Finite Element Modeling Of Guastavino Tiled Arches, Edmond P. Saliklis, S. J. Kurtz, S. V. Furnbach
Architectural Engineering
An investigation of Rafael Guastavino's arches has been conducted by means of finite element modeling and laboratory experimentation. A novel method of modeling laminated masonry tile construction via the finite element method has been devised. This technique takes advantage of the layered shell element features found in commercially available finite element programs. Historical Guastavino tiles have been tested to obtain material properties. These modem techniques have been employed in conjunction with Guastavino's original empirical design criteria to provide a better understanding of these historically significant structures.
“Predictive Optimal Control Of Active And Passive Building Thermal Storage Inventory”, Gregor P. Henze, Moncef Krarti
“Predictive Optimal Control Of Active And Passive Building Thermal Storage Inventory”, Gregor P. Henze, Moncef Krarti
Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications
Cooling of commercial buildings contributes significantly to the peak demand placed on an electrical utility grid. Time-of-use electricity rates encourage shifting of electrical loads to off-peak periods at night and weekends. Buildings can respond to these pricing signals by shifting cooling-related thermal loads either by precooling the building’s massive structure or the use of active thermal energy storage systems such as ice storage. While these two thermal batteries have been engaged separately in the past, this project investigates the merits of harnessing both storage media concurrently in the context of predictive optimal control.
The analysis, modeling, and simulation research presented …
Implementation Of The Laboratory Air Handling Unit Systems (Lahu), Y. Cui, Mingsheng Liu, K. Conger
Implementation Of The Laboratory Air Handling Unit Systems (Lahu), Y. Cui, Mingsheng Liu, K. Conger
Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications
The LAHU system has been designed, installed, and commissioned in a large university research building. This paper provides detailed information about the demonstration project, including the specific LAHU system mechanical design, optimal airflow control schedules, and measured LAHU energy and indoor air quality (IAQ) performance. The measured energy and IAQ performance are also compared with the conventional operation and theoretical predicated values.
Integrated Chiller System Reduce Building Operation And Maintenance Costs In Cold Climates, N. Sheets, Mingsheng Liu
Integrated Chiller System Reduce Building Operation And Maintenance Costs In Cold Climates, N. Sheets, Mingsheng Liu
Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications
Although water-cooled chillers are more energy efficient than air-cooled chillers, a majority of chilled water systems use air-cooled chillers. In cold weather climates, air-cooled chillers are capable of functioning in low ambient temperatures with few operational concerns, where as water-cooled chiller systems must be equipped to prevent cooling tower freezing. The integrated chiller system attempts to take advantage of each chiller’s strengths and eliminate any cold weather operational concerns. An integrated chiller system includes a cooling tower and air-cooled condenser. During the summer, both the cooling tower and air condenser can be operated. In cold weather, the cooling tower is …
Development Of By-Pass Blending Station System, Mingsheng Liu, D. Barnes, K. Bunz, N. Rosnberry
Development Of By-Pass Blending Station System, Mingsheng Liu, D. Barnes, K. Bunz, N. Rosnberry
Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications
A new building blending station system named by-pass blending station (BBS) has been developed to reduce building pump energy consumption in both district heating and cooling systems. Theoretical investigation demonstrated that the BBS can significantly reduce building pump power for a typical cooling system when constant water flow is maintained in the building side. When differential pressure reset is applied in the building side, more pump energy can be saved. The BBS also reduces the pump size and therefore results in lower initial system cost. A case study was also performed and demonstrated 42% of annual chilled water pump energy …
Improving Building Control And System Operation Through The Continuous Commissioning® Process: A Case Study, Nathan Redmann, Mingsheng Liu
Improving Building Control And System Operation Through The Continuous Commissioning® Process: A Case Study, Nathan Redmann, Mingsheng Liu
Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications
Utilization of the Continuous Commissioning® process is presented in the case of the Consolidated Mission Support Center office building at Travis Air Force Base in Travis, California. The CC® process was applied to the building in early 2003. The examination of the heating, ventilating, and airconditioning (HVAC) and control systems revealed several areas where considerable improvement could be made, including air handling unit (AHU) operational parameters, terminal box and water loop operation, and Energy Management and Control System (EMCS) functionality. It also aided in the identification of mechanical systems needing repair. The optimization of the HVAC systems and …
Acoustic Communication In Panthera Tigris: A Study Of Tiger Vocalization And Auditory Receptivity, Edward J. Walsh, Lily M. Wang, Douglas L. Armstrong, Thomas Curro, Lee G. Simmons, Joann Mcgee
Acoustic Communication In Panthera Tigris: A Study Of Tiger Vocalization And Auditory Receptivity, Edward J. Walsh, Lily M. Wang, Douglas L. Armstrong, Thomas Curro, Lee G. Simmons, Joann Mcgee
Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications
To adults and children alike, tigers are one of the best-known members of the animal kingdom. It may be surprising, then, to learn that we have a lot to discover about their hearing and the acoustics of their vocalizations. To help fill in the gaps in our knowledge, we are in the midst of a study that is focused on the characterization of the vocal properties and hearing capabilities of a subset of surviving tiger subspecies, namely the Siberian, Bengal, Sumatran and the Indochinese tigers. We are hoping that our findings will not only add to a deeper understanding of …
Remediation Of A Sinkhole Induced By Quarrying, Thomas J. Abkemeier, Richard Wesley Stephenson
Remediation Of A Sinkhole Induced By Quarrying, Thomas J. Abkemeier, Richard Wesley Stephenson
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
On the Morning of April 28, 1997, a Sinkhole Developed Beneath a Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway Track. the Sinkhole Caused the Derailment of 22 Railroad Cars, Spilling Diesel Fuel from the Engines that Ignited, Resulting in a Fire and Injuries to Railroad Personnel. Railroad Personnel Filled the Sinkhole with About 500 Cubic Yards of Rock Fill, and Traffic Resumed While a Subsurface Study Was Carried Out. the Study Resulted in a Grouting Program Where 40 to 50 Cubic Yards of Grout Were Injected into the Subsurface. in August of 1999, the Track Subsided Again. a Second Investigation Conducted in …