Architecture Commons^™

The Impact Of Trees On Passive Survivability During Extreme Heat Events In Warm And Humid Regions, Ulrike Passe, Janette R. Thompson, Baskar Ganapathysubramanian, Boshun Gao, Breanna L. Marmur

Breanna L. Marmur

Communities are increasingly affected by excessive heat. The likelihood of extreme heat events is predicted to increase in the Midwest region of the United States. By mid-century (2036–2065), one year out of 10 is projected to have a 5-day period that is 13°F warmer than a comparable earlier period (1976–2005). The frequency of high humidity/dew point days (“extra moist tropical air mass days,” MT++ synoptic climate classification system) has also increased significantly during a similar period (1975–2010) and between 2010 and 2014 included 8 of 26 heat events. This impact is exacerbated by the fact that many residences in low-income …

The Beginning Student Of Design: Architectural Frames Of Reference, Gregory S. Palermo

Gregory Palermo

There they are, every Tuesday and Thursday -- two hundred minds seeking perspective on the means by which to access architecture: to think about it, look at it and analyze it, engage in discussions about it, and experience it. Student interests and capabilities are varied because in addition to being required for pre-architecture students, this is a university general studies course -- a threshold into the adventure of architecture! This paper addresses the content and methods of introducing architectural frames of reference to the beginning student of design in the challenging large lecture learning environment. Canon and skepticism. Five frames …

Urban Design Guidelines For Places With Restorative Values, Nigel Cartlidge, Lynne Armitage, Daniel O'Hare

Daniel O'Hare

This paper evolved from a case study of three Gold Coast beach precincts that examined the complex relationships between the urban design attributes and spatial arrangement of beach precincts and their effect on public access to activity, amenity and facility. Australian and overseas urban design guidelines were examined along with the requirements of restorative places. The focus of the scrutiny of the guidelines was to identify the nature of urban design principles that enhance egalitarian, walkable access to the restorative values found in beach precincts. The intended goal was to produce urban design guidelines for walkable places with restorative values, …

Community Partnership As A Foundation For Scholarship, Pedagogy, And Research—An Interactive Session, Nadia Anderson, Carl A. Rogers, Lynn Paxson, Kristin Nelson, Courtney Long, Julia Badenhope

Nadia M. Anderson

In Good Deeds Good Design, Roberta Feldman states that empowering community design facilitates effective, informed decision-making by “people who have traditionally had minimal say” (Feldman, 2003, 110). Doing this requires designers to consider communities as partners rather than clients and see their work as a collective endeavor rather than a professional gift. At Iowa State University, faculty in multiple departments are using partnership-based outreach methods to generate disciplinary and trans-disciplinary projects engaging studio teaching, research, and scholarship. Critical to these projects is the idea that partnership inverts the traditional power relationship between designers and underserved communities by valuing local knowledge …

Installation Of Outdor Photoluminescent Labyrinth- Umass Amherst, Donna M. Zucker Rn, Phd, Faan, Chris Rucinski, Carolina Aragon

Donna M. Zucker

No abstract provided.

Urban Beach Venues: Vulnerability And Sustainability In The Face Of Climate Change, Michael Raybould, David Anning, Liz Fredline, Dan Ware

Michael Raybould

This paper investigates the threats to beach venues posed by climate change and attempts to identify strategies that might be adopted by coastal managers and event managers to ensure that beaches continue to be viable event and recreation venues into the future. Analysis of coastal management research, local council records and tender documents, maps and plans of coastal works identifies six specific strategies for minimising the impacts of climate change on beach venues. These strategies aim to protect existing beach venues, increase the supply of alternative venues, minimise the event tourism impacts of negative media coverage of beach erosion events, …

Hidden In Plain Sight: Tehran's Empowering Protean Spaces, Sara Khorshidifard

Sara Khorshidifard

As a recent citizen I noticed Tehran's urge for new kinds of public spaces. So, I initiated a dissertation that outlined a call for "protean space." Cities need protean spaces as a means to empower people, places that offer social interaction and support--spaces that are safe, accessible, and intriguing. Protean spaces empower people to create places for personal and interpersonal relationships, make social connections, gain information, and build trust across varied networks. My dissertation examined how planning and design practices can enhance the possibility of protean spaces and therefore increase their number. While my research concerns Tehran, all cities benefit …

Umass Amherst Green Building Guidelines 2013, Ludmilla Pavlova-Gillham, Ted Mendoza, Ezra Small, Patricia O'Flaherty, Nariman Mostafavi, Mohamed Farzinmoghadam, Somayeh Tabatabaee Pozveh

Ludmilla D Pavlova

Facilities & Campus Services, Sustainable UMass and Campus Planning support sustainability and energy conservation initiatives by providing in-house resources to campus staff as well as designers and contractors working with the University. The UMass Amherst Green Building Guidelines provide a framework for approaching new construction and major renovation projects at UMass Amherst that are undergoing LEED certification by focusing the conversation on green building aspects that are most important to the campus. They are intended to be the beginning of a dynamic conversation between designers, environmental consultants and constructors, university stakeholders, and users of new high performance buildings.

Umass Amherst Campus Master Plan Sustainability Chapter, Ludmilla Pavlova-Gillham, Nariman Mostafavi, Mohamad Farzinmoghadam, Kylie A. Landrey, Somayeh Tabatabaee Pozveh, Ezra Small, Ted Mendoza, Jason J. Burbank, Robert Ryan, Dennis Swinford, Niels La Cour, Alexander Stepanov

Ludmilla D Pavlova

The UMass Amherst Campus Master Plan Sustainability Chapter articulates the manner in which the Campus Master Plan 2012 principles translate into specific recommendations for campus systems development in support of future smart growth. It summarizes the current physical campus-scale planning projects that Facilities & Campus Services have completed during and after the Master Plan process, and incorporates other operational and educational initiatives that have engaged our campus community as we plan for sustainability. The CMP Chapter is organized in three major sections: i) sustainability overview; ii) campus master plan systems; iii) current initiatives; and iv) next steps. The first section …

Climbing The Adaptation Planning Ladder: Barriers And Enablers In Municipal Planning, Elisabeth M. Hamin, Nicole Gurran

Elisabeth M. Hamin

Local municipal governments have a crucial role in helping communities adapt to climate change. Recognizing different levels of climate preparedness, this chapter analyzes what steps communities tend to follow when they move forward on climate adaptation, including prerequisites for planning and the selection of policies. Drawing on content analyses of local climate adaptation plans from the United States (US) and Australia, as well as interviews with municipal planners in both nations, the chapter explores the adaptation policy choices communities are making and explains the range of strategies local governments have used to move forward on a ‘ladder’ of climate adaptation, …

Investigation On The Soundscape Preference And Perception Of Highlands Environment: A Preliminary Study, Nazli Che Din, Engku Mastura Engku Ahmad, Hazreena Hussein

Hazreena Hussein

Highland environment is one of the popular tourist destinations because it holds a rich array of natural resources. However, the economic and development growth of highlands gave potential effect of biological wealth and environment surrounding. Noise pollution in developing highland area could intrude the ability to comprehend of natural and environmental sounds. As preliminary, the main objective of this research is to identify factors and elements that characterise the soundscape in three selected green areas on highland environment. The research was carried out through a series of field measurement and audio-visual experiment. At the first stage of the study, the …

Living Wall (Vertical Greening): Benefits And Threats, Mehdi Rakhshandehroo, Mohd Johari Mohd Yusof, Roozbeh Arabi

mrakhshandehroo@yahoo.com

Sustainable development demands a significant approach between architecture and the environment. During the challenge of climate change, energy crisis and urban expansion, a new approach is required to address environmental problems and one of these approaches is vertical greening that can be categorized into green facade and living wall. Living wall systems (LWS) consist of plants and partly growing materials that have a number of beneficial functions, for example: increasing the outdoor and indoor comfort, ecological value, biodiversity, insulation properties, improvement of air quality mitigation of the urban heat island phenomenon, and psychological and social well-being of citizens. This paper …

Green Façade (Vertical Greening): Benefits And Threats, Mehdi Rakhshandehroo, Mohd Johari Mohd Yusof, Meysam Deghati Najd

mrakhshandehroo@yahoo.com

In the challenge of development in dense urban areas and environmental preservation, sustainability is a significant requirement where green facade (vertical greening) is one of those approaches that flourished during the last decade although it is not a new concept. Hanging or vertical garden, vertical vegetable farms, balcony garden, container or planter box greening, green or eco building, green roof or rooftop garden, wall planter, and green envelop are all different aspects of this idea that demonstrate how wide this landscape can be. Greening the building envelope with vegetation can be used as a mean to restore the environmental conditions …

Slotted Drainage Pipe For Sub-Irrigation, David A. Bainbridge

David A Bainbridge

Subirrigation with drainage pipe was effective for planting a windbreak in the Mojave Desert. The pipe was refilled periodically with a water truck. Survival was very good.

Capillary Wick Irrigation For A Pot From A Reservoir, David A. Bainbridge

David A Bainbridge

Capillary wicks are very effective for watering container plants. Ideal for water wise gardens, landscaping and interior plants capes.

Gardening With Less Water -- Access To Literature, David A. Bainbridge

David A Bainbridge

Super efficient irrigation systems can reduce water use and weeding dramatically. In many cases the savings are from 50-90% These systems have also been shown to increase plant health, hasten maturity and increase yields.

Upgrade A Hanging Basket With A Capillary Wick Irrigation System, David A. Bainbridge

David A Bainbridge

Capillary wicks can improve health and performance of container plants. Plants in hanging baskets benefit from steady and very efficient water supply from a reservoir.

Gwlw Suppliers, Videos And More, David A. Bainbridge

David A Bainbridge

Super efficient irrigation systems can be made with simple materials. These can cut water use and weeding 50-90% and improve plant health, speed maturity and increase yield.

Sustainable Urban Open Green Spaces: Opportunities And Challenges, Mehdi Rakhshandehroo, Mohd Johari Mohd Yusof, Osman Mohd Tahir, Mohd Yazid Mohd Yunos

mrakhshandehroo@yahoo.com

Shortage of open green spaces has become a common concern in today’s compact cities. Based on the literature review, urban open green spaces provide different dimensions of sustainability because of opportunities for social, environmental, and economic benefits which contribute to quality of life in cities. Urban development and renewal should be accompanied with a greening vision, to insert more plantable spaces into the urban fabric. Therefore sustainable urban planning, design and management are needed to improve urban greening strategy. In order to enhance urban greenery, innovative and creative ideas should be applied in urban management, for instance informal open green …

Systematic Observation For Design Implementation: Exploring Children’S Cognitive Play Behavior Interaction In Natural, Mixed, Or Manufactured Behavior Settings, Zahra Zamani

Zahra Zamani

Many disciplines are currently exploring how physical environment attributes associate with children’s developmental behaviors. However, there is a lack of evidence-based design guidelines to amplify the play value of outdoor preschool settings. This study compared three types of behavior settings (natural, mixed, and manufactured) for their cognitive play behavior opportunities (functional, constructive, exploratory, dramatic, and games with rules). Read more...

Poe Of Bioclimatic Design Building Towards Promoting Sustainable Living, Hazreena Hussein, Adi Jamaludin

Hazreena Hussein

Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) by using a set of questionnaire was conducted to assess the perception and comfort level required by residents in a college building with the best practice of bioclimatic design strategies, particularly natural ventilation and daylighting. The questionnaire was based on a five-point Likert scale, covering various performance criteria of building, specifically on the architectural elements, thermal comfort, indoor air quality, visual comfort, acoustic comfort and landscape elements. The initial outcomes showed a positive relationship between perceptions and building performance criteria.

The Dynamics Of Daylighting At A Residential College Building With The Internal Courtyard Arrangement, Adi Ainurzaman Jamaluddin, Hazreena Hussein, Nila Inangda Keumala Daud, Ati Rosemary Mohd Ariffin

Hazreena Hussein

Dayasari residential college building was designed with the internal courtyard that allows for numerous implementations of bioclimatic design strategies, especially on daylighting. The field measurement was conducted at eight unoccupied student rooms, selected as samples to represent ten scenarios and orientations that concerned with the level of radiation and penetration of sunlight. This study reveals the contribution of the internal courtyard in the residential college which allows the daylight penetration at the corridor areas and interior of the rooms through the transom over the entrance door, up to ten hours daily. Different amounts of daylight were measured in specific room …

Soundscape Assessment Of Cameron Highlands Environment For Sustainable Development., Engku Mastura Engku Ahmad, Hazreena Hussein, Nazli Che Din

Hazreena Hussein

No abstract provided.

A Unique Approach To Allow Low-Income Families The Opportunity To Gain Home Ownership Access Through Alternative Financing, Wilbert Abbott, Jr.

Wilbert Abbott Jr

Community and Regional Planning and Landscape Architecture professionals along with state and local politicians need to aid low-income family's by informing them of opportunities that will allow them to become home owners in mixed-use (New Urbanist) communities. In one example a study prepared by the Social Enterprise Fund of Edmonton and Calgary, Canada creates an alternative financing source to help social enterprises provide career and economic services low-income families. The purpose of this study is to 1) illustrate the barriers present to purchase a home for low-income households when there is a lack of economic resources, 2) analyze case studies …

The Ark: Grafting Productive Programs Onto Contemporary Waste-Space, Caryn Brause, Carey Clouse

Caryn Brause

As the intertwined issues of climate change and resource scarcity profoundly alter the shape and scope of urban life, emerging designers must be positioned to respond in meaningful ways. This paper documents a research and design project that foregrounds several key design considerations for the future city: the expanded role of animals, the necessity for communal spaces to share knowledge, tools, and materials, and the waste-spaces that can be appropriated for that purpose. In doing so, it critically considers how we can prepare future design professionals to propose architectural and landscape program types that have yet to be invented, to …

The Concept Of Ecosystem Services In Adaptive Urban Planning And Design: A Framework For Supporting Innovation, Jack F. Ahern, Sarel Cilliers, Jari Niemela

Jack F. Ahern

Recent research and professional interest in planning for sustainable and resilient cities emphasizes the assessment of a broad spectrum of urban ecosystem services. While such assessments are useful to establish specific benchmarks, and for measuring progress toward sustainability and resilience goals, they do not motivate, or support the innovations required to provide specific ecosystem services as an intentional part of routine urban and infrastructure development activity by municipalities and professionals. In this context, predictions for unprecedented future urbanization and development of new urban infrastructure represent a unique opportunity to “learn-by-doing”. Significant advances in urban sustainability have recently been made through …

'Gardens Of Justice': Australian Feminist Law Journal, 2013, Volume 39, Matilda Arvidsson, Leila Brännström, Merima Bruncevic, Leif Dahlberg

Matilda Arvidsson

FOREWARD: GARDENS OF JUSTICE

Matilda Arvidsson, Merima Bruncevic, Leila Brannstrom, Leif Dahlberg

Our Gardens of Justice special themed issue of the Australian Feminist Law Journal grew out of the 2012 Critical Legal Conference in Stockholm and its theme of Gardens of Justice, a conference organised by Matilda Arvidsson, Merima Bruncevic, Leila Brannstrom and Leif Dahlberg. We issued a Call for Papers early in 2013 in which several conference theme questions were repeated. We called for papers devoted to thinking about law and justice as a physical as well as a social environment. The theme suggested a plurality of justice gardens …

Embodying Law In The Garden: An Autoethnographic Account Of An Office Of Law, Matilda Arvidsson

Dr Matilda Arvidsson

Based on an autoethnographical study of the office of the tingsnotarie this article questions the relation between the ethical self and the act of taking up a judicial office, employing the question of how I can live with (my) law. While the office and the ethical self are kept apart, often by recourse to persona, I make a case for the attendance to the self in examinations of ethical responsibility when pursuing an office of law. I propose that the garden, and in particular the practices and notions of (en)closure, (loss of) direction, cultivation, (dis)order, authorship and care-for-the-other which are …

Performance And Economic Benefits Of Four Streetscape Renovations: A Comparative Case Study Investigation, Bo Yang, Yue Zhang, Pamela Blackmore

Bo Yang

The demonstration of landscape performance benefits has become increasingly important in landscape architecture practice and in communicating to interdisciplinary audiences. This paper provides an overview of the Landscape Architecture Foundation Case Study Investigation (CSI) program and introduces four built streetscape projects investigated in the 2012 CSI program, including a large-scale permeable pavement project in Charles City, Iowa, and the American Society of Landscape Architects’ award-winning projects in Missouri, California, and Colorado. Unlike traditional streetscape design that mainly focuses on safety and engineering principles, these four streetscape projects tackled unique design challenges, and more importantly, have captured baseline data that help …

Form-Based Variables For Stormwater Quality Performance: Comparing Three Bmp Types In Five U.S. States, Bo Yang, Amanda A. Goodwin, Ryan R. Dupont, Malgorzata Rycewicz-Borecki

Bo Yang

The efficacy of the best management practice (BMP) systems for stormwater treatment has been extensively discussed in respect to water quality. However, little research has been conducted on how form-based variables (e.g., shape, length) can affect the performance of BMP systems. This study presents empirical findings from three common BMP types—detention, retention, and wetland channel—in urban settings of five U.S. states. Total suspended solids (TSS), the number one pollutant carrier in stormwater, is selected for comparison. Multiple years of water quality data are collected from on-site grab samples and from the International Stormwater Database. Geographic Information System (GIS) is used …