Architecture Commons^™

Underground Houses - Systematic Approach Toward Underground Construction Of Living Space, Lulzim Beqiri, Zejnulla Rexhepi, Mimoza Sylejmani, Besian Sinani, Hamide Ibrahimi, Imer Haziri, Fatmir Faiku, Arben Mehmeti, Arben Haziri

International Journal of Business and Technology

The urgent need for energy consumption reduction and trends of global warming leads toward exploring possibilities to “hide” living space from explosion to climate changes as a result of global warming. This paper aims to present benefits of underground houses, underground living space. Housing is elementary process of mankind life that was performed from the existence of life in different forms, shapes, levels and social developments. House, as one used to get protected by phenomena of the nature, historically used in different shapes, levels and materials, created mentality that one percept as protective, and isolated space, for life activities. This …

Exploration Of Housing Evolution In Tirana During The Years 1929-1943, Oketa Hoxha, Florian Nepravishta, Ani Tola(Panariti)

International Journal of Business and Technology

This paper traces the evolution of housing typologies, focusing in Tirana, Albania. The study reviews the fundamentals of housing throughout the two historical periods, 1929-1932 and 1939-1943. The housing projects analysed are designed mostly by Austrian and Italian architects. The methodological approach is based on reviewing a number of case studies starting from one-family house to multi-family housing typology. The main purpose of this paper is to identify the process of transformation and development of housing based on the typologies, functionality, and occupancy. Also, particular elements of asthetics are analyzed and compared. This study highlights that the improvement of living …

Monuments, Protection And Rehabilitation Zones Of Vienna. Genesis And Status In Legislation And Administration, Caroline Jaeger-Klein

International Journal of Business and Technology

Austria has a very long tradition in monument protection. Already in 1853, the central commission to research and preserve the built historic monuments started to operate. The current law on monument protection is from the year 1923. Hence, the most successful steps to secure the country’s built cultural heritage date back to a new provincial legislation, administration and finance system implemented in the early 70ies of the 19th century based on so-called Old-City Preservation Acts. By this sensitive approach, Austria safeguarded the most important historic city centers of Austria like Salzburg, Graz and Vienna vividly in their traditional characteristics without …

Characteristics Of Urban/Architectural Developments In Tirana And Prishtina, During The Last Decade, Binak Beqaj, Armand Vokshi

International Journal of Business and Technology

Rapid urbanization as a process of societal transformation and intensive architectural developments in urban areas in Tirana and Prishtina, as capital cities of Countries in transition in sense of achievements for community living there and their urban qualitative life. Considering the planning process and role of different partners towards urban prosperity, the urban developments during the last ten years in both capital cities, based on research done and presented in this paper, using comparison methodology on some contextual bases:

• Policy context
• Physical space context
• Site landscape context

With analyses aiming to explain which are effects of three-dimensional mentioned above “contexts” …

Cultural Spaces Research On Architecture And Identity, Ulrike Herbig

International Journal of Business and Technology

Architecture is the result of a multilayered process influenced by numerous factors. Thus, comprehensive architectural research can only be achieved through a holistic approach and in collaboration with experts from different disciplines. Although interdisciplinary research is a common framework for architectural studies and should be an integral part of the education for future architects, yet, this is not usually the case. With its module entitled “Cultural Spaces – Research on Architecture and Identity” at the TU Wien, a set of courses has been developed to arouse the interest of students of architecture in setting up their own research project. This …

Unesco World Heritage And Kosovo Towards A Tentative List For Kosovo, Caroline Jaeger Klein

International Journal of Business and Technology

In 2015, Kosovo tried to join UNESCO and failed by three quotes. Is Kosovo ready for its UNESCO membership? At least for its national architectural heritage, this question is to answer with no. The intensively discussed issue of the medieval monuments of Kosovo inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage by Serbia and Montenegro before the declaration of independency in 2008 and their further management through Kosovo is just one aspect. More troubling is that the rather young state not yet could establish sufficient structures to gain a systematic inventory of its monuments, sites and historic ensembles, nor to extract a tentative …

Can A New Railway Track Be Used To Foster Smart Urban And Regional Development?, Thomas Dillinger, Markus Neuhaus

International Journal of Business and Technology

The future Smart City Ebreichsdorf (SMCE) is a fast growing municipality in the area of the metropolitan region of Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland. The expansion to a double track railroad of the „Pottendorfer Linie“and the thereby even better connexion to Ebreichsdorf will strengthen this growing process even more. A new train station is built, located on a greenfield site, between the city districts Ebreichsdorf and Unterwaltersdorf. The existing railway track is going to be abandoned. In spatial planning approaches, it’s goal leading to locate future growth in the area of the new train station. Action options, how such an …

Managing The Rapid Urban Growth For Cities In Transition Countries, Binak Beqaj, Ylber Limani, Driton R. Kryeziu

International Journal of Business and Technology

Through political transition, socio-economical trends of cities as urban areas contributed to huge movements of population from rural to urban areas or from small urban areas toward big urban areas, making them bigger, under the rapid growth. Those cities have faced:

• Overloads with number of citizens,
• Lack of adequate infrastructure and
• Creativity deficiency for drafting and implementing urban development vision.

Consequently, the question is what qualitative life do cities offer when considering abovementioned suppositions related to rapid urban growth?

In general, for cities under rapid development, experts and authorities have not sufficiently succeeded to develop proper methodologies to neutralize chaotically …

Urban Heat Islands (Uhi) Mitigation In Densely Urban City Of Tirana, Albania: Materials, Energy, Comfort, Sokol Dervishi, Eltjona Lacaj, Regina Vathi

International Journal of Business and Technology

Urban Heat Island (UHI) is considered as one of the major problems in the 21st century as a result of urbanization and industrialization of human civilization. The urban structures generate a large amount of heat from solar radiations and other sources (i.e. anthropogenic heat). This situation is even worse in cities with high density and large population and extensive economic activities, Tirana, a densely urbanized city, is seriously facing this problem. In this context, the present paper is a review article aiming to present the actual state of the art on the development and the assessment of potential benefits (i.e. …

Territorial Planning Policy For Sustainable Development, Gjergj Thomai

International Journal of Business and Technology

Urban planning in Albania, has been promoted in various forms of organization. Ultimately Territorial Planning Law represents another form of policies on the territory that is closely linked to the decentralization of control of the territory.

Up to now, four developments has been particularly important:

• European approach, which gave an increase in economic and social cohesion policy;
• Decentralization in the early 2000s, which has made local governments full participants in the process of territorial planning;
• The emergence of the notion of sustainable development;
• Initiation of international economic relations after the nineties.

The Analysis Of Interface Of Social-Technical Aspects Within Transport Planning And Urban Design, Ylber Limani, Binak Beqaj, Vlora Aliu

International Journal of Business and Technology

This paper discusses the essentials of social-technical aspects of urban development and transport planning. It describes the role and position of human factor in urban development and transport planning and its interface with technical elements. The paper argues the possibilities of optimization of the correlation between human factors and technical elements using the social-technical insights related turban design and transport planning. The research methodology has been based on qualitative empirical and theoretical approaches using the methods of combination the direct observation and the analysis of documents, and the literature. The working methodology has been based on the concept of organizational …

Analogy In Elements: Breaking The National Identity, Kujtim Elezi, Nuran Saliu

International Journal of Business and Technology

The first aim of this paper is to present the after W.W.II temptation of the Macedonian authors to identify national elements that is Macedonian elements in houses build in Macedonia. After identifying them, the same elements (now national) will be used to declare the national heritage in Macedonian houses. Secondly, we would like to compare the same elements found as Macedonian with other places, like Turkey (involving Bursa, Istanbul and other cities), to see if they really are different as those from houses in Turkey, or there is a similarity between them.

The Socio-Cultural And Political Significance Of Coffeehouses And Coffee Culture During The Independence Processes Of Kosovo, Ajhan Bajmaku, Çınar Nartar

International Journal of Business and Technology

The coffee culture in the Balkans spread and developed as the Ottoman Empire began using the region as a base that opened into Europe. This region with great strategic significance draws attention not only because it functioned as a bridge between the East and the West but also because of cultural and political values in perspective of the process of changes and developments that have taken place throughout time. As an establishment the coffeehouse is a vital concept for society. Beside their fundamental functions, coffeehouses have gained additional functions over the course of history. These additional functions are directed by …

Steering Spatial Development In The Vienna Agglomeration, Thomas Dillinger

International Journal of Business and Technology

After the falling down of the “iron curtain” Vienna starts to grow again. It is now a metropolitan area with about 2.6 Mio. inhabitants. Vienna is surrounded by Lower Austria, which is one of the nine countries (Bundesländer) of Austria. Spatial Planning is based on the Austrian Constitution a complex matter. The Federal State, the Countries and the Municipalities have competences in Spatial Planning. Thus, in the agglomeration we are confronted with different spatial planning legislation, instruments and institution.In this situation basically three instruments have been developed to steer spatial development in the Vienna agglomeration: Lower Austria has passed two …