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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
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Anaerobic Digestion At Western Washington University, Sienna Taylor
Anaerobic Digestion At Western Washington University, Sienna Taylor
WWU Honors College Senior Projects
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is the process by which organic matter (such as food waste, manure, paper products, etc.) are broken down by bacteria in a contained system lacking oxygen. The decomposition in this environment produces the byproducts of digestate, which can be used as a liquid fertilizer, and biogas, which can be used in place of natural gas. The goal of anaerobic digestion at Western Washington University is to create a closed-loop waste system to process the pre-consumer and post-consumer organic food waste from the dining halls and use the resulting byproducts. This paper provides recommendations for anaerobic digestion at …
Analyzing Residential Curbside Collection For Food Waste In Humboldt County, Yvette Lindler
Analyzing Residential Curbside Collection For Food Waste In Humboldt County, Yvette Lindler
Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects
The most prevalent material in the California landfill-destined solid waste stream is food. Food waste is not only an economic and social concern, but a significant environmental challenge as well. Most food waste is disposed of in landfills, where it anaerobically decomposes and releases methane, an extremely potent greenhouse gas and driver of climate change. Policies passed in California, including AB 1826 and SB 1383, aim to implement organic waste recycling programs and reduce methane emissions by diverting organic waste from landfills. The technology to process this food waste exists, but these facilities are limited or nonexistent in rural areas …
Biochar Application In Anaerobic Digestion Of Food Waste For Inhibition Mitigation And Biogas Production Improvement, Mehrsa Hosseini
Biochar Application In Anaerobic Digestion Of Food Waste For Inhibition Mitigation And Biogas Production Improvement, Mehrsa Hosseini
Major Papers
The production of large quantities of food waste due to population growth is a serious global issue. Improper management of food waste and the deficiency of appropriate administration approaches have adversely affected the environment and society. Traditional methods of disposal (i.e., landfill) and treatment (i.e., incineration and composting) are not considered efficient for food waste management. Therefore, an efficient and cost-effective alternative is anaerobic digestion (AD), a dual-purpose and mature technology for digesting and converting food waste into renewable energy and valuable chemicals. However, Anaerobic digestion (AD) as an environmentally friendly and widely applied technology still faces some challenges, including …
Sustainable Food Waste Management Through The Integration Of Anaerobic Digestion And Thermochemical Processes, Diana Carolina Rodriguez Alberto
Sustainable Food Waste Management Through The Integration Of Anaerobic Digestion And Thermochemical Processes, Diana Carolina Rodriguez Alberto
Theses
The processing of food waste along with animal manure through anaerobic digestion (AD) is a popular waste management strategy. However, there is the concern that with the proliferation of AD the management of its nutrient-rich effluent, known as digestate, becomes a challenge. Current digestate management practices not only present environmental risks, but also issues related to the seasonality of field spreading and the storage and transportation of large volumes of material. The integration of the AD process with thermochemical conversion (TC) could help reduce some of these issues. The production of biochar from materials already available in the digester setting, …
Integrated Processing Of Municipal Solid Waste For Maximizing Waste Reduction, Carbon Recovery And Fuel Production, Kameron J. King
Integrated Processing Of Municipal Solid Waste For Maximizing Waste Reduction, Carbon Recovery And Fuel Production, Kameron J. King
Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Nationally and internationally, waste generation is increasing and along with it negative environmental impacts. Many people think waste ends at disposal; however, environmental impacts have already begun. Unfortunately, 50% of waste ends up in a landfill which is the third largest source of human related methane emissions and a leading cause of global climate change. This study investigated a novel waste management strategy in hopes of mitigating negative environmental effects caused by conventional waste management practices. The novelty of the study lies in the development of an integrated method of hydrothermal carbonization and an anaerobic digestion (HTC + AD) process …
Biomethanation And Alkaline Wet Air Oxidation Of Water Hyacinth (Pontederia Crassipes) From Ozama River, Dominican Republic, Yessica A. Castro
Biomethanation And Alkaline Wet Air Oxidation Of Water Hyacinth (Pontederia Crassipes) From Ozama River, Dominican Republic, Yessica A. Castro
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Obtaining valuable products from environmental remediation waste is a sustainable approach that contributes to the ecological well-being of developing countries. In the present work, the feasibility of the water hyacinth anaerobic digestion as a post-weed management practice in the Ozama River (Dominican Republic) was demonstrated. The estimated energy required for harvesting was lower than that produced during digestion. The biomethanation of water hyacinth was improved by Alkaline Wet Air Oxidation (AWAO), a thermochemical pretreatment process that almost doubled the methane production rate and increased the yield by 24% when conducted at high temperatures. At lower temperatures, the methane yield of …
Investigation Of Anaerobic Digestion Of The Aqueous Phase From Hydrothermal Carbonization Of Mixed Municipal Solid Waste, Kameron J. Adams, Ben Stuart, Sandeep Kumar
Investigation Of Anaerobic Digestion Of The Aqueous Phase From Hydrothermal Carbonization Of Mixed Municipal Solid Waste, Kameron J. Adams, Ben Stuart, Sandeep Kumar
Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications
In 2017, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported that Americans generated over 268 million tons of municipal solid waste (MSW). The majority (52%) of this waste ends up in landfills, which are the third largest source of anthropogenic methane emissions. Improvements in terms of waste management and energy production could be solved by integrating MSW processing with hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and anaerobic digestion (AD) for converting organic carbon of MSW to fuels. The objectives of this study were to (a) investigate HTC experiments at varying temperatures and residence times (b) evaluate aqueous phase and solids properties, and (c) …
Bridging Thermochemical And Biochemical Conversion: Impact Of Biochar Addition On The Anaerobic Digestion Of Aqueous Pyrolysis Condensate, Neha Batta
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Profitable treatment of low value waste biomass is one of the biggest challenges of the industry. Where most of the current treatment strategies, such as pyrolysis, are efficient in complete breakdown of hard to synthesize, low value waste biomass such as lignocellulosic wastes, it leads to the generation of secondary waste thereby compromising its efficiency. The aim of this research is to utilize the aqueous pyrolysis condensate as a feedstock for anaerobic digestion, previously adapting the microbial consortia to the acidity and other potential organic inhibitors present in the APC, to produce energy in the form of biogas following the …
Application Of Biochar As An Additive To Enhance Biomethane Potential In Anaerobic Digestion, Cecilia B. Frias Flores
Application Of Biochar As An Additive To Enhance Biomethane Potential In Anaerobic Digestion, Cecilia B. Frias Flores
Theses
Energy and useful materials can be produced by applying biological and thermal conversion processes such as anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis. Agricultural and industrial wastes seem to be the most attractive substrates since they are essentially unlimited resources. Pyrolysis has been used mostly for the conversion of biomass to bio-crude and biochar, a stable form of nearly pure carbon that has application in many agricultural and environmental applications. There is a widespread literature describing use of biochar as an additive to stabilize the anaerobic digestion process. We studied the effects that biochar has on the biomethane potential (BMP) during anaerobic digestion …
The State Of Technologies And Research For Energy Recovery From Municipal Wastewater Sludge And Biosolids, Zhongzhe Liu, Brooke Mayer, Kaushik Venkiteshwaran, Saba Seyedi, Arun S.K. Raju, Daniel Zitomer, Patrick J. Mcnamara
The State Of Technologies And Research For Energy Recovery From Municipal Wastewater Sludge And Biosolids, Zhongzhe Liu, Brooke Mayer, Kaushik Venkiteshwaran, Saba Seyedi, Arun S.K. Raju, Daniel Zitomer, Patrick J. Mcnamara
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
Wastewater resource recovery facilities produce wastewater solids that offer potential for energy recovery. This opinion article provides a perspective on state-of-the-art technologies to recover energy from sludge (unstabilized wastewater residual solids) and biosolids (stabilized wastewater solids meeting criteria for application on land). The production of biodiesel fuel is an emerging technology for energy recovery from sludge, whereas advancements in pretreatment technologies have improved energy recovery from anaerobic digestion of sludge. Incineration is an established technology to recover energy from sludge or biosolids. Gasification, and to a greater extent, pyrolysis are emerging technologies well-suited for energy recovery from biosolids. While gasification …
Anaerobic Digestion Of The Aqueous Pyrolysis Condensate, Franco Berruti, Cesar Miguel Moreira Valenzuela, Lars Rehmann, Connie Wen
Anaerobic Digestion Of The Aqueous Pyrolysis Condensate, Franco Berruti, Cesar Miguel Moreira Valenzuela, Lars Rehmann, Connie Wen
Pyroliq 2019: Pyrolysis and Liquefaction of Biomass and Wastes
Fractional condensation of biomass pyrolysis vapors allows the segregation of different pyrolysis fractions and a separation of an aqueous pyrolysis condensate from an organic rich dry bio-oil fraction. Aqueous pyrolysis condensate is often referred at as “wood vinegar” or “pyroligneous acid” since it contains 70-80% water together with 10-20% acetic acid, and smaller quantities of acetone and methanol mixed with hundreds of other chemicals in small concentrations. Such aqueous pyrolysis condensate cannot be easily disposed of, and it may represent a valuable resource. For example, the significant percentage of acetic acid offers the opportunity to attempt its conversion into methane …
Pyrolysis Of Polyethylene-Lined Waste Paper Cups, Franco Berruti, Connie Wen, Lars Rehmann, Cesar Miguel Moreira Valenzuela
Pyrolysis Of Polyethylene-Lined Waste Paper Cups, Franco Berruti, Connie Wen, Lars Rehmann, Cesar Miguel Moreira Valenzuela
Pyroliq 2019: Pyrolysis and Liquefaction of Biomass and Wastes
Fractional condensation of biomass pyrolysis vapors allows the segregation of different pyrolysis fractions and a separation of an aqueous pyrolysis condensate from an organic rich dry bio-oil fraction. Aqueous pyrolysis condensate is often referred at as “wood vinegar” or “pyroligneous acid” since it contains 70-80% water together with 10-20% acetic acid, and smaller quantities of acetone and methanol mixed with hundreds of other chemicals in small concentrations. Such aqueous pyrolysis condensate cannot be easily disposed of, and it may represent a valuable resource. For example, the significant percentage of acetic acid offers the opportunity to attempt its conversion into methane …
Feasibility Of Bauxite Residue In Pollution Mitigation And Resource Recovery, Yongfeng Wang
Feasibility Of Bauxite Residue In Pollution Mitigation And Resource Recovery, Yongfeng Wang
Doctoral Dissertations
Bauxite residue is an industrial waste generated from the alumina refining industry, raising great concerns about environmental pollution. The primary problem for bauxite residue is its high alkalinity and salinity. This beneficial reuse of bauxite residue is desirable for the sustainable management of this waste stream. Bauxite residues can be used as an option of flue gas desulfurization to reduce the toxicity associated with high alkalinity. In this dissertation, it was first identified the linkage between the characteristics of the bauxite residues and their acid neutralization capacity (ANC). Further options of beneficial use were investigated according to the characteristics of …
Pyrolysis Of Wastewater Biosolids Significantly Reduces Estrogenicity, T. C. Hoffman, Daniel Zitomer, Patrick J. Mcnamara
Pyrolysis Of Wastewater Biosolids Significantly Reduces Estrogenicity, T. C. Hoffman, Daniel Zitomer, Patrick J. Mcnamara
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
Most wastewater treatment processes are not specifically designed to remove micropollutants. Many micropollutants are hydrophobic so they remain in the biosolids and are discharged to the environment through land-application of biosolids. Micropollutants encompass a broad range of organic chemicals, including estrogenic compounds (natural and synthetic) that reside in the environment, a.k.a. environmental estrogens. Public concern over land application of biosolids stemming from the occurrence of micropollutants hampers the value of biosolids which are important to wastewater treatment plants as a valuable by-product. This research evaluated pyrolysis, the partial decomposition of organic material in an oxygen-deprived system under high temperatures, as …
Industrial Symbiosis: Corn Ethanol Fermentation, Hydrothermal Carbonization, And Anaerobic Digestion, Patrick J. Mcnamara, Lindsey R. Jader, Frederick J. Schendel, Nicholas J. Hahn, Brandon M. Wood, Kenneth J. Valentas, Paige M. Novak, Steven J. Heilmann
Industrial Symbiosis: Corn Ethanol Fermentation, Hydrothermal Carbonization, And Anaerobic Digestion, Patrick J. Mcnamara, Lindsey R. Jader, Frederick J. Schendel, Nicholas J. Hahn, Brandon M. Wood, Kenneth J. Valentas, Paige M. Novak, Steven J. Heilmann
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications
The production of dry-grind corn ethanol results in the generation of intermediate products, thin and whole stillage, which require energy-intensive downstream processing for conversion into commercial animal feed products. Hydrothermal carbonization of thin and whole stillage coupled with anaerobic digestion was investigated as alternative processing methods that could benefit the industry. By substantially eliminating evaporation of water, reductions in downstream energy consumption from 65% to 73% were achieved while generating hydrochar, fatty acids, treated process water, and biogas co-products providing new opportunities for the industry. Processing whole stillage in this manner produced the four co-products, eliminated centrifugation and evaporation, and …