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Lqg/Ltr Control Of Small Flexible Spacecraft With Elastic Memory Composite Appendages, Joseph Fulton, Scott Palo, Don Mackison
Lqg/Ltr Control Of Small Flexible Spacecraft With Elastic Memory Composite Appendages, Joseph Fulton, Scott Palo, Don Mackison
Small Satellite Conference
This paper looks at attitude control considerations for a small flexible spacecraft with a gravity gradient boom constructed from elastic memory composites. Free-free boundary conditions are used in the development of the system’s equations of motion. Finite element model analysis generates the needed mode shape matrix and resonant frequencies. Modal coordinates are chosen over physical coordinates during the LQG/LTR controller design due to the greatly reduced number of states to control. Controller robustness and pole-zero cancellation techniques further reduce the order of the control transfer matrix. System performance characteristics are determined for the system in response to optimal maneuvering to …
Using Small Satellites For New Applications: Next Generation Swedish Space Corporation Spacecraft, Erik Clacey, Nils Pokrupa, Stafffan Persson, Åke Rosenqvist
Using Small Satellites For New Applications: Next Generation Swedish Space Corporation Spacecraft, Erik Clacey, Nils Pokrupa, Stafffan Persson, Åke Rosenqvist
Small Satellite Conference
Focusing on small satellites to perform scientific and technical demonstrator missions have been a successful concept within the Swedish Space Corporation (SSC) for two decades. This paper will focus on two missions that are currently underway, PRISMA, which is in Phase C, and SVEA, which has completed Pre-phase A studies. Both missions require advanced and newly developed technologies to operate as intended and are meant to extend the capabilities of small satellites to areas previously limited to medium to large satellites, such as formation flying, environment and security. This paper will describe the PRISMA formation flying two satellite platform and …
A Global System For Dangerous Sea Monitoring Using Space Based Gps Bistatic Remote Sensing, Scott Gleason, Alex Da Silva Curiel, Ka Bian, Stephen Mackin
A Global System For Dangerous Sea Monitoring Using Space Based Gps Bistatic Remote Sensing, Scott Gleason, Alex Da Silva Curiel, Ka Bian, Stephen Mackin
Small Satellite Conference
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) bistatic remote sensing involves studying the signals transmitted by navigation satellites, such as those of the Global Positioning System (GPS) and in the future those of the Galileo constellation after they have reflected from the Earth’s surface. These signals are constantly being scattered off the seas and land, and they contain valuable and varied information on the Earth’s surface. Ground-based and airborne applications of this method for ocean, land and ice sensing have been explored in both theoretical and experimental studies. A significant step towards assessing this technique in space came with the launch of …
The Changing Paradigms Of Satellite Reconnaissance, Creating Opportunities In The Small Satellite Industry, Mark Wilkinson
The Changing Paradigms Of Satellite Reconnaissance, Creating Opportunities In The Small Satellite Industry, Mark Wilkinson
Small Satellite Conference
The mention of satellite reconnaissance brings to mind images of large spacecraft, centralized command centers, and vast rooms of image analysts reading license plates and following political leaders in foreign countries. This vision of the Cold War shaped a generation of design practices. With miniaturization, satellites are achieving greater capabilities in smaller packages. The end of the Cold War and an era of war against terrorism changed reconnaissance targets and objectives. These two factors created opportunities in space research and development for small companies and academic institutions. This paper examines 11 paradigms in satellite reconnaissance and how these paradigms are …
Information Assurance In The Next Generation Small Satellites May Become The Law!, Gene Katz
Information Assurance In The Next Generation Small Satellites May Become The Law!, Gene Katz
Small Satellite Conference
Micro SATs and Mini SATs utility/ mission capabilities continue to advance well beyond academic projects and technology demonstrators. Sophisticated payloads with complex mission data are becoming the program drivers, complimented with the concepts of satellite swarms and low cost launch vehicles. All this is evidence for a strong future in the use of this technology. The bad news is that this growing success will make it a target for sinister exploitation. The un-thinkable happened in September 2001 when commercial aviation assets were highjacked and turned into weapons of mass destruction. Can this happen to our SPACE assets? This paper explores …
The Dod Space Test Program-Standard Interface Vehicle (Stp-Siv) Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (Eelv) Standard Payload Adapter (Espa) Class Program, Mike Marlow, Lt Col Randy Ripley, Capt Chris Badgett, Hallie Walden
The Dod Space Test Program-Standard Interface Vehicle (Stp-Siv) Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (Eelv) Standard Payload Adapter (Espa) Class Program, Mike Marlow, Lt Col Randy Ripley, Capt Chris Badgett, Hallie Walden
Small Satellite Conference
STP shares a fundamental goal with other government organizations to lower costs and increase speed and reliability of access to space. On the way to achieving this goal, STP is procuring a common spacecraft (SC) identified as the Standard Interface Vehicle. The STP-SIV program intends to shorten acquisition timelines and SC build time, reduce non-recurring costs, applying lessons learned from SC to SC, facilitate payload integration and increase flight opportunities. This program provides for up to six spacecraft of ~180 kg in mass, measuring ~60.9cm x 71.1cm x 96.5cm, with standard interfaces for mechanical, thermal, power and data to support …
Spacewire: Key Principles Brought Out From 40 Year History, Paul Walker, Barry Cook
Spacewire: Key Principles Brought Out From 40 Year History, Paul Walker, Barry Cook
Small Satellite Conference
SpaceWire was mentioned many times at SmallSat 2005, particularly in the sessions on standards and modularity. But there was no paper describing what SpaceWire is or the concepts behind it. This paper uses the evolution of SpaceWire over the last 40 years to describe the concepts and where they are being used, and from these suggests the opportunity that SpaceWire provides for the future.
Multi Payload Ejector (Mpe), Bridging The Gap In Recurring Space Access, Jeffrey Reddish
Multi Payload Ejector (Mpe), Bridging The Gap In Recurring Space Access, Jeffrey Reddish
Small Satellite Conference
The continuous increase in the number of small satellites under development today is in direct contrast to the number of launch opportunities available for that payload class. The NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Wallops Flight Facility (WFF) recognized this problem and in 2004 started an effort to reform the system supporting small satellites. The Multi Payload Ejector (MPE) is a fundamental part of this new pathway. The MPE is an orbital carrier that uses common interfaces. It is capable of accommodating a flexible set of small, stand-alone spacecraft, ranging from cubesats to ESPA-class satellites with masses ranging from 2 to …
Satellite-As-A-Sensor Neural Network Abnormality Classification Optimization , Michelle Hammond, 2d Lt Ryan Jobman
Satellite-As-A-Sensor Neural Network Abnormality Classification Optimization , Michelle Hammond, 2d Lt Ryan Jobman
Small Satellite Conference
Neural networks and classification networks are used in commercial and government industries for data mining and pattern trend analysis. The commercial banking industry use neural networks to detect out of pattern spending habits of customers for identity theft purposes. An example of government use is the monitoring of satellite state-of-health measurements for pattern changes indicating possible sensor abnormality or onboard hardware failure in a real time environment.
Issues And Implications Of The Thermal Control System On Responsive Space Missions, Andrew Williams, Scott Palo
Issues And Implications Of The Thermal Control System On Responsive Space Missions, Andrew Williams, Scott Palo
Small Satellite Conference
One aspect that poses a significant hurdle to achieving the goals of Operationally Responsive Space (ORS) is the thermal control system (TCS). Traditionally the TCS must be vigorously designed, analyzed, tested, and optimized from the ground up for every satellite mission. This “reinvention of the wheel” is costly and time intensive. Current design cycles require years. Next generation satellite thermal management must be robust, modular, and scalable in order to cover a wide range of applications, orbits, and mission requirements. To provide a better understanding of the issues and implications of the TCS and to help bound the problem for …
Keynote Address, Gen. Lance Lord
Keynote Address, Gen. Lance Lord
Small Satellite Conference
Biography: Gen. Lance W. Lord is Commander, Air Force Space Command, Peterson Air Force Base, Colo. He is responsible for the development, acquisition and operation of the Air Force's space and missile systems. The general oversees a global network of satellite command and control, communications, missile warning and launch facilities, and ensures the combat readiness of America's intercontinental ballistic missile force. He leads more than 39,700 space professionals who provide combat forces and capabilities to North American Aerospace Defense Command and U.S. Strategic Command. General Lord entered the Air Force in 1969 as a graduate of the Otterbein College ROTC …
A Satellite Data Model For The Afrl Responsive Space Initiative, Kenneth Sundberg, Scott Cannon, Todd Hospodarsky, Don Fronterhouse, Jim Lyke
A Satellite Data Model For The Afrl Responsive Space Initiative, Kenneth Sundberg, Scott Cannon, Todd Hospodarsky, Don Fronterhouse, Jim Lyke
Small Satellite Conference
The Air Force Research Laboratory's Responsive Space Testbed initiative is focused on the rapid deployment of tactical satellites. To support this goal we have developed the Satellite Data Model (SDM). Critical to the success of the Satellite Data Model are the autocon_guration abilities of the SDM. The SDM system allows devices and applications can be developed independently of each other. When the need of a satellite is conceived, components appropriate to that need are selected and added into the system. The SDM then manages the necessary initialization and discovery so that the components can work correctly in concert to form …
Micro-Inspector Spacecraft An Overview, Hannah Goldberg, Juergen Mueller, Leon Alkalai
Micro-Inspector Spacecraft An Overview, Hannah Goldberg, Juergen Mueller, Leon Alkalai
Small Satellite Conference
JPL has completed design of a small (< 5 kg) spacecraft capable of visual inspection of a host vehicle with support from NASA’s Exploration Systems Mission Directorate (ESMD). The Micro-Inspector is designed to have a minimal impact on the host with respect to mass, size, cost, interface, and integration. On orbit, the host provides the separation signal to the Micro-Inspector, ejecting it to autonomously maneuver about the host taking images and communicating them back to the host in real-time. The Micro-Inspector is capable of receiving commands for additional utility. After operations are complete, the Micro-Inspector will go through an end of life disposal, ensuring it is at a safe distance and minimal risk to the host. The Micro-Inspector spacecraft features an FPGA based avionics design with embedded processors, miniaturized celestial sensors and a MEMS-based IMU for navigation, structured light system for hazard avoidance, triple-junction solar cells for power generation and lithiumion batteries for power storage, and a low pressure butane propulsion system, all in a compact and integrated structure, allowing the Micro-Inspector to operate in close proximity to another space object. Extra mass and volume can be used for additional sensors other than visual inspection to provide a more complete analysis of the local space environment. This paper describes the multi-mission utility of the Micro-Inspector and presents an overview of the spacecraft system and subsystem designs, description of a typical inspection mission scenario, and initial hardware demonstrations of key subsystems, partially integrated with each other in a Micro-Inspector testbed at JPL.
"The Next 20 Years- Can Small Sats Become A Mainstream Asset For The U.S. Government?" An Industry Perspective, Leigh Coolidge, John Delaney, Bryan Lee, Terry Rector, John Stuart
"The Next 20 Years- Can Small Sats Become A Mainstream Asset For The U.S. Government?" An Industry Perspective, Leigh Coolidge, John Delaney, Bryan Lee, Terry Rector, John Stuart
Small Satellite Conference
This report is based on the paper "Small Satellites- A Disruptive Technology", Feb. 16, 2006 written by John Delaney, Bryan Lee, Terry Rector and John Stuart for Professor Christine Shea at the University of New Hampshire as an assignment for the Masters of Technology Management program. The subject of that paper was specifically selected and prepared as the background information for this topical presentation to the 2006 Small Satellite Conference, Aug. 14-17,2006 at Utah State University, Logan, UT. The adaptation of that paper for this report and presentation is done so with the permission of the authors.
Microspacecraft And The Vision For Space Exploration , Matt Bille, Kris Winkler
Microspacecraft And The Vision For Space Exploration , Matt Bille, Kris Winkler
Small Satellite Conference
In 2004, President George W. Bush gave the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) a new focusthe Vision for Space Exploration (VSE). The VSE, which includes a human presence on both the Moon and Mars, requires a space infrastructure which will more closely resemble a polar expedition (with its system of base camps, supply depots, etc.) than previous space programs. In this effort, the roles of scouts, communication nodes, and rescue parties may well be played by a network of microspacecraft spanning the vastness of the Earth-Moon-Mars system. The need to put unprecedented capabilities in space at manageable cost makes …
Microsatellites At Very Low Altitude, Hezi Atir
Microsatellites At Very Low Altitude, Hezi Atir
Small Satellite Conference
An approach of using a very low flying orbit for a microsatellite to achieve a low cost imaging mission, and its demonstration in the Israeli - French VENμS program scheduled to be launched in 2009, are presented. At low satellite altitude, a smaller and less expensive payload can be used to obtain the performance of another one that operates at a higher altitude. This is true for the optical payload (of the present concern), and is even much more conspicuous when an RF payload is involved. More savings in mission cost are achieved due to the impact of the payload …
Cost-Effective Earth Observation Missions Outcomes And Visions From The International Iaa Study , Rainer Sandau, Larry Paxton, Jaime Esper
Cost-Effective Earth Observation Missions Outcomes And Visions From The International Iaa Study , Rainer Sandau, Larry Paxton, Jaime Esper
Small Satellite Conference
Cost-effective Earth observation missions – how can they be achieved, what are the cost drivers, what are the application areas, and what are the possible obstacles and how are they surmounted? A recently published study1,2 provides a single reference of all aspects connected with cost-effective missions. This paper concentrates on some of the outcomes of that study. User communities which start to conduct or participate in Earth observation missions using small, economical satellites, and associated launches, ground stations, data distributions structures, and space system management approaches are likely to find this information useful.
How To Improve Small Satellite Missions In Two Easy Steps: Adopting Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines And Improving Space Surveillance Network Tracking Support , G. Taft Devere, Jason Randolph
How To Improve Small Satellite Missions In Two Easy Steps: Adopting Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines And Improving Space Surveillance Network Tracking Support , G. Taft Devere, Jason Randolph
Small Satellite Conference
Of the many unique challenges faced by small satellite missions, there are two areas that may be enhanced1) launch and on-orbit tracking, and 2) debris mitigation. Launch and on-orbit tracking can be improved through greater cooperation with the Space Surveillance Network (SSN). The accuracy and timeliness of “NORAD two-line elements” is dependent on a variety of factors that are complicated by the satellites’ small size. This becomes more of an issue with multiple payload launches because object correlation is problematic. Recent launches, including the Student Space Exploration and Technology Initiative (SSETI) multi-payload small satellite launch in October 2005, have demonstrated …
The Rise And Fall Of The Capital Asset – An Investigation Into The Aerospace Industry Dynamics And Emerging Small Satellite Missions , Stanley Kennedy, Jr., Todd Mosher, Quinn Young
The Rise And Fall Of The Capital Asset – An Investigation Into The Aerospace Industry Dynamics And Emerging Small Satellite Missions , Stanley Kennedy, Jr., Todd Mosher, Quinn Young
Small Satellite Conference
Many studies have been conducted over the years on the relationship between spacecraft design, mission utility, cost/complexity, and the Aerospace community’s ability to “commoditize” spacecraft designs and/or missions. During the Fifties and Sixties, spacecraft were limited by launch vehicle throw-weight and technical performance limitations, particularly computer processing speeds. During the Seventies and into the Eighties the personal computer revolution enabled more and more processing capability to be utilized in spacecraft bus and mission designs. This resulted in industry developed, large, “Capital” assets that took years to design, develop, integrate, test, and eventually operate. These systems, due to the very nature …
The "Personal Computer" Revolution In Space, Martin Sweeting, Alex Da Silva Curiel, Wei Sun
The "Personal Computer" Revolution In Space, Martin Sweeting, Alex Da Silva Curiel, Wei Sun
Small Satellite Conference
The modular microsatellite concept developed by SSTL has been remarkably successful. It has been used on over 25 missions in the last two decades for a wide range of applications and customers. Its design philosophies are discussed, which have permitted the design to evolve over time, and in particular has permitted space missions to benefit quickly from the continuing development of emerging terrestrial commercial-off-the-shelf technologies. Breakthrough technologies are discussed which have led to increases in capability and utility of small satellite missions. Furthermore, it will be shown that the execution of frequent missions brings its own benefits in providing a …
Twenty (Plus) Years Of University-Class Spacecraft: A Review Of What Was, An Understanding Of What Is, And A Look At What Should Be Next , Michael Swartwout
Twenty (Plus) Years Of University-Class Spacecraft: A Review Of What Was, An Understanding Of What Is, And A Look At What Should Be Next , Michael Swartwout
Small Satellite Conference
The past twenty years have seen the launch of more than 60 “university-class” spacecraft (i.e., spacecraft whose mission in part is to train students in spacecraft engineering), with perhaps 25 more to launch in the second half of this calendar year. And of those 25, twenty are CubeSats, with that trend on the increase. The on-orbit success and on-orbit utility of these missions has varied widely; some never made it off the rocket, some were deployed but never turned on, while others have been functional for decades. This paper will review the past twenty years of student-built small satellites. From …
From The Perspective Of The Pioneers: The Small Sat Revolution, Kristen Wilkinson
From The Perspective Of The Pioneers: The Small Sat Revolution, Kristen Wilkinson
Small Satellite Conference
Twenty years ago, when the AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites began, only a handful of people in the industry were looking at reducing the size and complexity of satellites. This paper gives the backgrounds of a few of these people, as well as the story of the conference's beginnings. Included are Gil Moore, Rex Megill, Frank Redd, Rudy Panholzer, Eric Hoffman, Amnon Ginati, Bob Meurer, Ron Woll, and Bob Twiggs. When the conference began, there were many nay-sayers who didn't see any value in small satellites. Small satellites didn't seem useful with the technology then available. Over the years, however, …
Keynote Address, Mike Griffin
Keynote Address, Mike Griffin
Small Satellite Conference
Biography: Nominated by President George W. Bush and confirmed by the United States Senate, Michael Griffin began his duties as the 11th Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration on April 14, 2005. As Administrator, he leads the NASA team and manages its resources to advance the U.S. Vision for Space Exploration. Prior to being nominated as NASA Administrator, Griffin was serving as Space Department Head at Johns Hopkins University's Applied Physics Laboratory in Laurel, Md. He was previously President and Chief Operating Officer of In-Q-Tel, Inc., and also served in several positions within Orbital Sciences Corporation, Dulles, Va., …