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A Network Perspective On Peripartum Depression: How Do Symptoms Change Over Time?, Lara Michelle Baez
A Network Perspective On Peripartum Depression: How Do Symptoms Change Over Time?, Lara Michelle Baez
Open Access Theses
Depression that occurs during pregnancy and postpartum (collectively, “peripartum”) is a major public health concern. The goal of this study was to examine how individual depressive symptoms and affective, cognitive, and somatic subscales change and are related to one another over peripartum time. 418 women completed the Beck Depression Inventory at each of five phases: three pregnancy trimesters, early (<9 >weeks), and late (9-61 weeks) postpartum. ANOVA was used to examine differences in symptom and subscale severity and trajectory across the phases. Network analysis was used to model the causal mechanisms underlying these changes. Severity of most symptoms and all …
Depressive Symptomology, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, And S100a8/A9 Heterodimer Levels In Post-Surgical Non-Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients: Test Of Direct And Indirect Effect, Erica R. Nahin
Open Access Theses
The link between depression and breast cancer outcomes has been a topic of great interest for the last decade and up-regulated inflammatory signaling may be one of the biological mechanisms at play. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between depression severity levels, and pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin – 1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in tandem with a pathway involving the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) 2-10 weeks post-surgery, and 1 year later. Activation of RAGE by ligands S100A8/A9 can trigger pathways that lead to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. To date, …
A Meta-Analysis Of The Effect Of Therapist Experience On Outcome For Clients With Internalizing Disorders, Lucia M. Walsh
A Meta-Analysis Of The Effect Of Therapist Experience On Outcome For Clients With Internalizing Disorders, Lucia M. Walsh
Open Access Theses
Despite having the most prevalent group of psychiatric disorders, many people with internalizing disorders do not receive treatment. One factor related to lack of treatment is a shortage of qualified mental health therapists. Task shifting may be one solution to this shortage, but has been relatively unused due to the idea that less experienced therapists may not be able to attain commiserate client outcomes as more experienced therapists. However, a relationship between therapist experience and client internalizing outcomes has never been found, a critical first step in determining if task shifting is a viable option to getting millions of people …
The Effect Of Film Score On Emotion And Self-Talk, Angela Nanette Davis
The Effect Of Film Score On Emotion And Self-Talk, Angela Nanette Davis
Open Access Theses
The purpose of this study was to first assess the effect of film score on affect in healthy young adults. Second, the study examined the subsequent effect of mood change on self-talk in relation to a stressor. Participants were 131 University of Miami undergraduate students between the ages of 18 and 24 who were not musicians, recruited from all departments of study, excluding the Frost School of Music. Each participant completed a mood assessment, resulting in both a PASS (positive) and Dysphoria (negative) score, prior to one of three mood induction conditions: negative film score, positive film score, and control. …
Moderators Of Acculturative Stress And Internalizing Problems In Hispanic/Latino Youth, Ashley N. Marchante
Moderators Of Acculturative Stress And Internalizing Problems In Hispanic/Latino Youth, Ashley N. Marchante
Open Access Theses
In the US, Hispanic/Latino youth are at especially high risk for experiencing anxiety and depression. Acculturative stress is one factor that has been linked to anxiety/depressive symptoms in Hispanic/Latino youth but few studies have explored factors that may influence this relationship. The current study examined (a) the relationship between acculturative stress and anxiety/depressive symptoms within a diverse sample of Hispanic/Latino youth, and (b) risk (age, gender, and parental SES) and protective (family function, friend support, and ethnic identity) factors that may moderate the relationship between acculturative stress and anxiety/depressive symptoms. Participants were 1,466 Hispanic/Latino youth, ages 8-16 years (M=11.85, SD=2.52), …
Assessing Behavioral And Emotional Avoidance In Adolescents: A Psychometric Validation Study, Sarah Michelle Kennedy
Assessing Behavioral And Emotional Avoidance In Adolescents: A Psychometric Validation Study, Sarah Michelle Kennedy
Open Access Theses
Avoidance, which may be either behavioral or emotional and is widely thought to be a maladaptive strategy for regulating emotions, is central to diagnostic conceptualizations of anxiety and depressive disorders. Both behavioral and emotional avoidance confer risk for and maintain symptoms of anxiety and depression, and change in avoidance is thought to be an important treatment mechanism. However, few existing measures of avoidance are appropriate for adolescents. The current study utilized exploratory factor analyses of two measures of avoidance in adolescents, employing an exploratory structural equation modeling framework: the Checklist of Avoidance Strategy Engagement for Adolescents (CEASE-A; Fairholme & Ehrenreich, …
Antidepressant Interactions Of Ketamine And Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (Gsk3) In Mice, Kimberlee Downey
Antidepressant Interactions Of Ketamine And Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (Gsk3) In Mice, Kimberlee Downey
Open Access Theses
Depression is a prevalent and debilitating mood disorder afflicting nearly one in five people in the United States. Current medications used for treatment of depression are inadequate because they have a delayed onset of therapeutic benefit, low efficacy, several side effects, and require chronic administration. This presents the need for improved antidepressant therapies. Ketamine, a general anesthetic, was recently shown to have rapid-acting antidepressant effects at a sub-anesthetic dose. It is unknown how ketamine elicits an antidepressant effect, but several mechanisms have been proposed, including glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) inhibition and a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylospxazol-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor activation. This thesis focuses on …
Don’T Worry, I Am Fine: A Qualitative Analysis Of Family Communication And Depression In Chinese International Students In The Us, Lan Jin
Open Access Theses
Depression and associated mental health problems are increasingly a critical health issue for Chinese international students in the U.S. (Lyubomirsky, Kasri, & Zehm, 2003; Cheung, 2011; Liu, 2009). Recent studies in different U.S. universities found a 32% to 47% rate for depression symptoms among Chinese international students (Cheung, 2011; Wei et al., 2007). The statistics suggest that Chinese students face a high prevalence of depression problems (Han et al., 2013). To address the depression problems, family communication provides substantial support for Chinese students (Liu, 2009). However, little is known about family communicative practices of this population (Wei et al., 2010). …
Risk And Manifestation Of Cardiovascular Disease Among Cancer Caregivers: Effects Of Stress, Depression, And Gender, Kelly M. Shaffer
Risk And Manifestation Of Cardiovascular Disease Among Cancer Caregivers: Effects Of Stress, Depression, And Gender, Kelly M. Shaffer
Open Access Theses
Family members and friends who provide unpaid care to an ill relative tend to experience higher levels of stress, more depressive symptoms, and greater vulnerability to disease than the general population (Pinquart & Sörensen, 2003). This study was to determine whether cancer caregivers experience an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and to examine the extent to which psychosocial variables related to the disease outcomes. A total of 896 caregivers participated in a national survey at two years after the diagnosis of their relative with cancer (T1), and 607 participated again at five years post-diagnosis (T2) provided self-report data on …
Attentional Biases And Emotional Reactivity: Elucidating Causal Mechanisms And Understanding Individual Differences, Kimberly A. Arditte
Attentional Biases And Emotional Reactivity: Elucidating Causal Mechanisms And Understanding Individual Differences, Kimberly A. Arditte
Open Access Theses
Previous studies have proposed that biased attention for emotional stimuli is related to subsequent emotional responsivity and research has found that the preference, or bias, to attend to specific emotional stimuli is often associated with heightened, or attenuated, emotional reactivity. Yet, it remains unclear whether attention causally contributes to emotional responding. As such, recent research has begun to examine these relations by manipulating attentional biases with the use of attention training tasks. The current investigation looked to add to the extant body of literature by systematically examining the impact of two attention training paradigms (train towards negative stimuli and train …
Parental Distress Responding To Adolescent Negative Emotionality: Influence On Anxiety And Depression Symptom Severity And Treatment Outcome, Cara Suzanne Remmes
Parental Distress Responding To Adolescent Negative Emotionality: Influence On Anxiety And Depression Symptom Severity And Treatment Outcome, Cara Suzanne Remmes
Open Access Theses
Anxiety and depressive disorders result from a complex interaction of genetic and environmental influences over time. Parental behavior in the context of a child’s internalizing distress, although only one of many interacting factors, may be important to understanding the etiology of anxiety and depressive disorders. Specifically, how a parent responds to their child’s emotions and youth attempts at emotion regulation may influence subsequent child emotion coping through both operant conditioning and observational learning. However, the impact of a parent’s own emotion regulation strategies on youth anxiety and depression has not been well-examined nor has the influence of parent’s emotion regulation …
Resilience, Insight, And Causation As Moderators Of The Relationships Between Trauma, Perceived Stress, Distress, Depression, Salivary Cortisol, And Dhea Through A Writing Intervention In A Diverse Sample Of Hiv-Positive Individuals, Courtney Biondi Kelsch
Open Access Theses
Background: Adverse psychological factors such as depression and stressful life events have been found to accelerate HIV disease progression, while positive factors such as optimism and spirituality have been found to slow progression to AIDS. The potentially protective role of the positive psychological factor resilience in HIV/AIDS has not been studied extensively. The relationship of resilience to depression, trauma, stress, and stress-related biological markers in HIV remains to be elucidated. In addition, written emotional expression interventions have shown promise in positively influencing HIV disease course, although the mechanisms require further study. Purpose: The aims of this study were to explore …
Leptin As A Novel Predictor Of Somatic Depressive Symptoms In Hispanics With The Metabolic Syndrome, Diana A. Chirinos Medina
Leptin As A Novel Predictor Of Somatic Depressive Symptoms In Hispanics With The Metabolic Syndrome, Diana A. Chirinos Medina
Open Access Theses
The association between depression and the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) has been extensively investigated, and inflammation has been identified as an underlying link. Recent reports, however, indicate a possible role of leptin in modulating the immune response, yielding increases in inflammatory markers. The literature suggests this hormone may not only explain the metabolic abnormalities associated with depression but may also act as a biomarker of depression itself. This study aimed to determine the association between circulating leptin and total depressive symptoms and depressive symptom dimensions (cognitive and somatic) after controlling for important confounding factors such as age, gender, insulin resistance, body …
Benefits Of Physical Activity On Depression And Functional Quality Of Life During Treatment For Breast Cancer: Psychosocial Mechanisms., Jamie M. Stagl
Benefits Of Physical Activity On Depression And Functional Quality Of Life During Treatment For Breast Cancer: Psychosocial Mechanisms., Jamie M. Stagl
Open Access Theses
Women who are post surgery for breast cancer (BCa) experience distressing side effects that negatively influence Quality of Life (QoL). Physical activity (PA) following a BCa diagnosis is associated with decreased mortality, reduced recurrence, increased functional capacity, less fatigue, and may improve depression and QoL. Furthermore, evidence suggests that a combined PA and psychotherapy intervention may reduce physically and emotionally distressing side effects associated with diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of the study is to examine relationships among PA, fatigue, clinician-rated depression, depressed mood, and QoL in women after undergoing surgery for BCa and to assess the continuity of these …
An Open Trial Investigation Of Emotion Detectives: A Transdiagnostic Group Treatment For Children With Anxiety And Depression, Emily Laird Bilek
An Open Trial Investigation Of Emotion Detectives: A Transdiagnostic Group Treatment For Children With Anxiety And Depression, Emily Laird Bilek
Open Access Theses
Anxiety and depressive disorders are prevalent among youth and are often experienced concurrently or sequentially during development (Kroes et al., 2001; Costello, Erklani, & Angold, 2006). These disorders are also associated with weaker cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) outcomes when experienced simultaneously in youth (e.g. Berman, Weems, Silverman, & Kurtines, 2000). Treatment research has begun to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of treating comorbid emotional disorders using transdiagnostic treatment approaches (Barlow et al., 2010; Ehrenreich et al., 2008). Evidence from adult and adolescent populations indicates that these more broadly focused treatment programs may offer benefits above and beyond disorder- and domain-specific …
Affective Forecasting In Depression:The Effects Of Rumination Versus Reappraisal, Catherine M. D'Avanzato
Affective Forecasting In Depression:The Effects Of Rumination Versus Reappraisal, Catherine M. D'Avanzato
Open Access Theses
There is much evidence that people are inaccurate in predicting the impact of future situations on their emotions. At the same time, affective forecasts have important implications for behavior, decision-making, and current mood, and may play an important role in the maintenance of emotional disorders. This study investigated two factors that influence affective forecasting: (1) Whether affective forecasting is associated with depressive symptoms and (2) Whether strategies people use to regulate their current affect influence their predictions of future emotional responses. Participants ruminated or reappraised in response to a sad mood and completed a measure of depressive symptoms (BDI). Results …
Through The Looking Glass: Adolescents? And Peers? Perspectives Of Interpersonal Behaviors And Their Associations With Adolescents? Internalizing Symptoms, Ryan Richard Landoll
Through The Looking Glass: Adolescents? And Peers? Perspectives Of Interpersonal Behaviors And Their Associations With Adolescents? Internalizing Symptoms, Ryan Richard Landoll
Open Access Theses
Individuals who engage in excessive reassurance seeking (constantly seeking reassurance that one is needed and valued) have higher rates of internalizing disorders. However, little research has examined excessive reassurance seeking among adolescents, particularly in a non-clinical population. Furthermore, research has not examined how close relationships in adolescence, such as best friends and romantic partners, view an adolescent's use of excessive reassurance seeking behavior. This is particularly interesting, as best friends and romantic partners may be the primary recipients of this behavior. The current study sought to (a) examine the association between excessive reassurance seeking and internalizing symptoms among adolescents, (b) …
Prediction Of Depressive Symptomology In Patients After Acute Myocardial Infarction: An Examination Of Psychosocial Factors, Inflammatory Markers, And Cortisol Response, Paul Stephen Wachowiak
Prediction Of Depressive Symptomology In Patients After Acute Myocardial Infarction: An Examination Of Psychosocial Factors, Inflammatory Markers, And Cortisol Response, Paul Stephen Wachowiak
Open Access Theses
The literature has demonstrated that depression is a significant predictor of morbidity and mortality for individuals who have experienced an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Despite this robust relationship, few studies have systematically examined the demographic, psychosocial, neuroimmunological and hormonal predictors of depression amung post-AMI individuals in a longitudinal design...