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Economic Models Of Crime, Misconduct, And Deterrence, Ye Hong
Economic Models Of Crime, Misconduct, And Deterrence, Ye Hong
Doctoral Dissertations
The idea that severe penalties effectively deter crime is at the core of theoretical work on crime and punishment in economics but is not fully supported by the empirical evidence. The first chapter identifies conditions under which a penalty loses deterrence power and may even exacerbate social losses. The key assumption is that the criminal can only be detected and stopped by the victim before completing the crime. It differs from the standard framework in which the apprehension is triggered after the completion of the crime. The victim in our model plays an active and critical role in deterring the …
An Analysis Of The Impact Of Design Tradeoffs On System-Level Energy And Cost Efficiencies Of Redox Flow Batteries, Jacob Russell Houser
An Analysis Of The Impact Of Design Tradeoffs On System-Level Energy And Cost Efficiencies Of Redox Flow Batteries, Jacob Russell Houser
Doctoral Dissertations
Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are a promising grid energy storage technology with the potential to solve numerous problems arising from anticipated increases in renewable energy integration. These systems involve a number of key design tradeoffs, many involving the movement of liquid electrolyte through the system, which impact the overall system efficiency.This work examines the design of the fluid network throughout RFB systems and how design tradeoffs impact the system efficiency. Insights are gained that inform future research and design decisions. Initially, this work focuses on single cell concerns, primarily flow field design. Two common designs from the literature, serpentine and …
Feasibility Of Bauxite Residue In Pollution Mitigation And Resource Recovery, Yongfeng Wang
Feasibility Of Bauxite Residue In Pollution Mitigation And Resource Recovery, Yongfeng Wang
Doctoral Dissertations
Bauxite residue is an industrial waste generated from the alumina refining industry, raising great concerns about environmental pollution. The primary problem for bauxite residue is its high alkalinity and salinity. This beneficial reuse of bauxite residue is desirable for the sustainable management of this waste stream. Bauxite residues can be used as an option of flue gas desulfurization to reduce the toxicity associated with high alkalinity. In this dissertation, it was first identified the linkage between the characteristics of the bauxite residues and their acid neutralization capacity (ANC). Further options of beneficial use were investigated according to the characteristics of …
Analysis Of Chemical Modifications Of Ecosystems By Means Of Microalgae, Zachary Lewis Ogburn
Analysis Of Chemical Modifications Of Ecosystems By Means Of Microalgae, Zachary Lewis Ogburn
Doctoral Dissertations
In marine ecosystems, microalgae are important components as they transform large quantities of inorganic compounds into biomass thereby impacting environmental chemistry. Of particular relevance is phytoplankton’s sequestration of atmospheric CO2, a greenhouse gas, and nitrate, one cause of harmful algal blooms. On the other hand, microalgae sensitively respond to changes in their chemical environment, which initiates adaptations of their chemical composition and physical parameters. Analytical methodologies were developed in this study that utilize microalgae’s adaptation as a novel approach for in-situ environmental monitoring.To analyze the chemical composition and physical parameters of live microalgae cells (Nannochloropsis oculata), …
Melt Processability And Post-Processing Treatment Of High Temperature Semi-Crystalline Thermoplastics For Extrusion Deposition Additive Manufacturing, Vidya Kishore
Doctoral Dissertations
Composites of high performance semi-crystalline thermoplastics are emerging as viable candidates for autoclave tooling applications, which typically demand good mechanical and thermal performance, as well as chemical resistance. With the growing demand for tooling, there is a need for versatile customizable tools that can be inexpensively manufactured with low lead times. Extrusion Deposition Additive Manufacturing (EDAM) technique can be extremely beneficial for the manufacture of low-cost composite tools with high degrees of customizability and short lead times. However, EDAM processes for such high temperature polymers can pose several challenges for extrusion and deposition due to their inherent properties as well …
Computational Infrared Spectroscopy Of Hno Beyond The Double Harmonic Approximation, Harkiran Kaur Dhah
Computational Infrared Spectroscopy Of Hno Beyond The Double Harmonic Approximation, Harkiran Kaur Dhah
Doctoral Dissertations
This work explores, for the first time, the calculation of HNO molar absorptivities using methods that go beyond the double harmonic approximation. Accurate molar absorptivities of HNO are essential for the kinetic interpretation of recent experiments that studied tunneling-mediated chemistry of H + NO reactions at low temperatures. This work will show that the double harmonic approximation for computing molar absorptivities is not sufficient to obtain accurate molar absorptivities for HNO. Since the only published molar absorptivities for HNO are computed using the double harmonic approximation, they cannot be used to interpret the experimental data.First, we compute the molar absorptivity …
First Full Six-Dimensional Phase Space Measurement Of A Hadron Beam, Brandon Lee Cathey
First Full Six-Dimensional Phase Space Measurement Of A Hadron Beam, Brandon Lee Cathey
Doctoral Dissertations
A significant limitation for accelerator physics simulation tools is the inability to accurately predict the distribution of particles in a linear accelerator hadron beam. Even state-of-the-art particle-in-cell codes that contain all the relevant physics are only able to reproduce the beam's measured root-mean-square (RMS) parameters. However, characterizing the beam at several standard deviations beyond RMS is necessary to predict beam loss, one of the limiting factors for achievable beam power and performance in high power, high intensity accelerators. The accelerator community agrees that the discrepancy between measurement and simulation stems from a poor understanding of the initial particle phase space …
Spatiotemporal Effects Of Transport And Network Topology In Biological Systems, Paul John Mlynarczyk
Spatiotemporal Effects Of Transport And Network Topology In Biological Systems, Paul John Mlynarczyk
Doctoral Dissertations
Emergent biological phenomena, although observed experimentally, are often not easily characterized or understood. Biological systems are often comprised of many interacting components, which may yield highly complex dynamics. A thorough understanding of these systems often requires a multi-faceted approach involving both experimental and computational techniques. Computer simulation allows for precise definition of system components and facilitates a wider exploration of the system parameter space, often leading to accelerated scientific discovery. In this thesis, we apply stochastic simulation methods to characterize the spatiotemporal behavior of three distinct biological systems. We first explore the role of spatial confinement and diffusion in a …
Solar Power Integration Into The Saudi Arabian Power Grid, Abdulelah Yousef Alharbi
Solar Power Integration Into The Saudi Arabian Power Grid, Abdulelah Yousef Alharbi
Doctoral Dissertations
Recently, Saudi Arabia is going through a process of developing and modernizing various aspects of life in the country. In order to cope with these changes, reduce local oil consumption, and meet the high electricity demand, the trend has been to introduce renewable energy sources and limit fossil fuels power generation. This expected major renewable revolution in Saudi Arabia, in addition to the significant growth in the current grid size and demand, makes it essential to establish a comprehensive study about the status of the existing grid stability and the impact of incorporating renewable energy.To address the aforementioned changes, an …
Lifetime Prediction And Type-Iv Failure Analysis In Weldments Of Creep-Resistant Ferritic Alloys, Wei Zhang
Lifetime Prediction And Type-Iv Failure Analysis In Weldments Of Creep-Resistant Ferritic Alloys, Wei Zhang
Doctoral Dissertations
A number of computational methodologies have been proposed to investigate deformation and damage mechanism of various structural materials and weldments under extreme loading conditions, and also to provide valuable insights on the development of materials with improved performance. Creep strength enhanced ferritic (CSEF) steels containing 9-12wt% chromium have been extensively used in fossil-fuel-fired power plants. Despite their excellent creep resistance at high temperatures, premature failures are often found in the fine grained heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the welded components after years of service, which is referred as Type IV failure. Experiment measurements capture this so-called Type IV failure is preceded …
Learning Models For Discrete Optimization, Hesam Shams
Learning Models For Discrete Optimization, Hesam Shams
Doctoral Dissertations
We consider a class of optimization approaches that incorporate machine learning models into the algorithm structure. Our focus is on the algorithms that can learn the patterns in the search space in order to boost computational performance. The idea is to design optimization techniques that allow for computationally efficient tuning a priori. The final objective of this work is to provide efficient solvers that can be tuned for optimal performance in serial and parallel environments.This dissertation provides a novel machine learning model based on logistic regression and describes an implementation for scheduling problems. We incorporate the proposed learning model into …
Life History And Contemporary Evolution: Implications For Managing A Hybrid Salamander Invasion, Evin Timothy Carter
Life History And Contemporary Evolution: Implications For Managing A Hybrid Salamander Invasion, Evin Timothy Carter
Doctoral Dissertations
Predicting adaptive responses of populations is a primary goal of evolutionary ecology and conservation. While evolution on contemporary time scales is now apparent, the underlying mechanisms and whether change is adaptive or neutral often remain unclear. Typically, habitat modification, introduction of nonnative taxa, hybridization, or a combination of these factors is invoked to explain rapid evolution. I focus on an amphibian system of conservation concern to explore the interplay between ecology and evolution in shaping population genetic structure, including how habitat and physiology interact with life history to promote invasion success. I begin by using simulation to demonstrate that the …
Characterization And Management Of Ppo And Glyphosate Resistant Palmer Amaranth, Joseph Drake Copeland
Characterization And Management Of Ppo And Glyphosate Resistant Palmer Amaranth, Joseph Drake Copeland
Doctoral Dissertations
Research was conducted from the fall of 2016 to the fall of 2018 to characterize and manage PPO- and glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats). Studies included a multi-county survey to determine the prevalence of PPO-resistant Palmer amaranth biotypes and the PPX2 mutations that confer PPO resistance, an in-field evaluation of control of PPO-resistant and PPO-susceptible Palmer amaranth populations with herbicide treatments applied at either sunrise or midday, and field studies that evaluated cover crop termination for control of Palmer amaranth in Roundup Ready Xtend® and Liberty Link® soybean systems [(Glycine max (L.) Merr.].Results from this research …
A Comprehensive Frequency Control Framework For High Penetration Of Wind, Siqi Wang
A Comprehensive Frequency Control Framework For High Penetration Of Wind, Siqi Wang
Doctoral Dissertations
The increased penetration of wind will have significant impact on power system frequency response and brings new challenge to traditional power system frequency framework. With converter interface, the wind unit's rotor inertia is effectively decoupled from the system, causing a reduction in inertial response. Moreover, the replacement of conventional synchronous generators with governors also reduces primary control capability. It is expected non-conventional technologies can be used to help improve the frequency response, such as wind turbine generators, energy storage systems, high voltage DC transmission system (HVDC) and demand response. Wind turbine generators especially variable speed wind turbine generators such as …
Opportunities And Constraints Related To The Production And Use Of Knowledge For Climate Change Adaptation Efforts In Urban, Energy, And Water Systems, Kathleen Marie Ernst
Opportunities And Constraints Related To The Production And Use Of Knowledge For Climate Change Adaptation Efforts In Urban, Energy, And Water Systems, Kathleen Marie Ernst
Doctoral Dissertations
Urban, energy, and water system decision-makers are increasingly focused on preparing for the impacts of climate change. These impacts combine with social, economic, and environmental changes to create nuanced localized effects across systems. Climate change adaptation efforts have largely been organized by sector, even though coupled systems approaches could identify negative consequences and mutually-beneficial actions that occur across systems. These insights are missed when coupled systems are not considered in adaptation efforts. However, constraints inhibit adaptation processes within coupled systems. For example, United States energy-water nexus adaptation is constrained by insufficient data and information, path dependence, and institutional fragmentation and …
New Methods For The Optical Detection Of Trace Compounds And The Delivery Of A Chemical Oxidant, Roberto Alan Federico-Perez
New Methods For The Optical Detection Of Trace Compounds And The Delivery Of A Chemical Oxidant, Roberto Alan Federico-Perez
Doctoral Dissertations
Biogenic amines are known indicators of spoilage in food. Indole in particular is a chemical used extensively to indicate seafood freshness. Levels higher than 25 μg [micrograms]/100 g shrimp mark early decomposition, according to the US Food and Drug Administration. We developed an optical probe based on an Ehrlich-type reaction to detect indole in shrimp. The probe is based on the reaction of p-dimethylaminobenzaldhyde (DMAB) with indole, generating red β[beta]-bis(indolyl)methane (BIM). Color development is observed by the naked eye after exposure to indole. When using UV-Visible spectroscopy as a detection method, the limits of detection and quantification are of …
Social Influences In Behavioral Rigidity: Shared Attention In A Three-Alternative Choice Task, Andrés Hernando García Penagos
Social Influences In Behavioral Rigidity: Shared Attention In A Three-Alternative Choice Task, Andrés Hernando García Penagos
Doctoral Dissertations
The understanding of the factors and conditions under which humans and other animals fail to adjust to changing circumstances is still incomplete. One possibility has to do with the role of social influences that might favor or hinder adequate control by contingencies. Three experiments are presented in which one such factor was manipulated, the presence of a coattending individual. Shared attention has been found to enhance cognitive resources devoted to a task in a variety of experimental settings. Participants played a computerized version of the Rock-Paper-Scissors game which was programmed so that a particular choice would be more likely to …
Web-Based Computational Tools For Exploration, Analysis, And Visualization Of Genomic Data, Ming Chen
Web-Based Computational Tools For Exploration, Analysis, And Visualization Of Genomic Data, Ming Chen
Doctoral Dissertations
The advent of high throughput technologies not only brought huge amounts of biological data but also many versatile bioinformatics tools, as well as highly sophisticated and complex analysis workflows (Ortuño and Rojas, 2016). However, the majority of biological scientists are not bioinformaticians. There is a gap between the average biologist and what is needed in terms of bioinformatics and statistics knowledge, and programming skills for tackling biological questions with those already huge but still growing amount of biological data. The aim of this study is to develop a set of web-based computational tools to enable biological researchers to access and …
Engineering And Characterization Of Membrane Fusion Machinery From Influenza Hemagglutinin In A Mammalian System, Mauricio Valverde
Engineering And Characterization Of Membrane Fusion Machinery From Influenza Hemagglutinin In A Mammalian System, Mauricio Valverde
Doctoral Dissertations
Membrane fusion proteins are expressed by many viruses and play a crucial role in fusing two distinct membranes. Hemagglutinin (HA), the viral fusion protein of influenza, catalyzes fusion of the viral and target membrane by undergoing a conformational change triggered by a lowered pH of the endosome. The rearrangement, which is essential for fusion activity, exposes a highly conserved fusion peptide region. An engineered HA protein, with an altered fusion peptide region, has a high affinity for the fluorescent ligand, FlAsH. Using the engineered sensing HA, which allows real time monitoring of open state, we probe for kinetics of the …
Determining The Nature Of Super Fluidity And Superconductivity In Dense Matter From Neutron Star Observations, Spencer Terry Beloin
Determining The Nature Of Super Fluidity And Superconductivity In Dense Matter From Neutron Star Observations, Spencer Terry Beloin
Doctoral Dissertations
I present a quantitative analysis that utilizes observations of neutron stars to constrain the magnitude of the neutron superfluid gap and the proton superconducting gap in dense matter. In the context of the minimal cooling model, the most likely range for the neutron triplet superfluid gap is $2.09^{+4.37}_{-1.41} \times 10^{8}$ K and the most likely range for the the proton singlet superconducting gap is $7.59^{+2.48}_{-5.81} \times 10^{9}$ K. In a second analysis, I confirm these basic predictions for the gaps and additionally determine the mass and envelope composition of the neutron stars in our data set. This analysis shows that …
Regenerative Stormwater Conveyances In Knoxville, Tn: A Performance Analysis And Investigation Of Design Feature Alternatives, Jessica Michelle Thompson
Regenerative Stormwater Conveyances In Knoxville, Tn: A Performance Analysis And Investigation Of Design Feature Alternatives, Jessica Michelle Thompson
Doctoral Dissertations
Regenerative Stormwater Conveyances (RSCs) are an innovative approach to repairing eroded stormwater conveyances while simultaneously treating runoff and providing groundwater recharge. Although RSCs are increasingly being utilized as a Stormwater Control Measure (SCM) for watershed restoration, research is limited. The objectives of this research were to: 1) build and utilize a 3D computational fluid dynamics model to investigate design feature alternatives, 2) perform a groundwater analysis to determine the subsurface interactions of infiltrated stormwater, and 3) conduct a hydrologic and water quality investigation to evaluate RSC performance in terms of volume, peak flow rate, and pollutant reductions. The modeling study …
Development Of Organometallic Hybrid Perovskite Single Crystals Towards Radiation Sensing And Optoelectronic Applications, Jeremy Tyler Tisdale
Development Of Organometallic Hybrid Perovskite Single Crystals Towards Radiation Sensing And Optoelectronic Applications, Jeremy Tyler Tisdale
Doctoral Dissertations
Organometallic hybrid perovskites have shown great promise for many optoelectronic applications, such as photovoltaics, LEDs, photodetectors, lasing etc. Recently, single crystalline OMHP has been demonstrated as a cost-effective alternative to traditional, expensive inorganic semiconductors. In this perspective, MAPbBr3 [Methylammonium lead tribromide] single crystals are focused towards development in efficient high-energy radiation detection. The growth, effects of growth conditions, device fabrication, and application results are presented here to discuss the challenges and solutions of these challenges for the material to be capable of high resolution radiation sensing. Inverse temperature crystallization techniques have been demonstrated as a simple growth method for …
When Patients Attack: The Experience Of Inpatient Mental Health Counselors After A Physical Attack From A Patient, Evan Montgomery Burns
When Patients Attack: The Experience Of Inpatient Mental Health Counselors After A Physical Attack From A Patient, Evan Montgomery Burns
Doctoral Dissertations
Mental health professionals who work at inpatient facilities are at an increased risk of physical attacks from patients (Beech & Leather, 2006; Campbell et al., 2011; GAO, 2016; Gillespie et al., 2010). Research on physical attacks in the human services field has focused on other mental health professionals, such as psychiatric nurses and social workers; research looking specifically at mental health counselors is lacking. The purpose of this qualitative study, through Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, was to understand the lived experiences of mental health counselors after a physical attack from a patient. The research interviewed four mental health counselors who experienced …
Essay In Environmental Spillover Of Us Crop Insurance On Surface Water, Agricultural And Geographical Effects On Surface Water Impairment, And A Hypothetical Irrigation Game In Madison Co., Tn, Katryn Noritha Pasaribu
Essay In Environmental Spillover Of Us Crop Insurance On Surface Water, Agricultural And Geographical Effects On Surface Water Impairment, And A Hypothetical Irrigation Game In Madison Co., Tn, Katryn Noritha Pasaribu
Doctoral Dissertations
Essay in 'Environmental Spillover of US Crop Insurance on Surface Water' investigates the spillover effect of the premium subsidy change in crop insurance to the surface water impairment. A two-step IV-GMM with SHAC optimal weighting matrix is used in the estimation. Data for the empirical evidence are from EPA, Risk Management Agency, National Agricultural Statistics Service, and US Census Bureau are used. The estimation results suggest an increase in premium subsidy and/or indemnified losses could lead to an increase in insured acres. However, the increase in insured acres may not significantly worsen the condition of impaired waters.Essay in 'Agriculture and …
Genetic Algorithm Based Design And Optimization Methodology Of A 3d Printed Power Module Packaging, Tong Wu
Genetic Algorithm Based Design And Optimization Methodology Of A 3d Printed Power Module Packaging, Tong Wu
Doctoral Dissertations
Power electronics design is an interdisciplinary research. Enhancing power density became more and more critical to the converter system-level design. Within a power electronics converter, two major components, i.e. cooling system and passive components, dominate overall power density. As stated in Liebig's barrel theory, the overall performance of a power converter is limited by the "shortest board". For a high-power density converter design, considerations should not only focus on the electrical domain but also on the packaging design, including thermal domain, parasitic domain, semiconductor property, reliability and other aspects.Design of power module packaging is the key to achieve the high-power …
Urban Forestry And Stormwater Management: Investigating The Benefit And Health Of Urban Trees In Green Infrastructure Installations, Richard Andrew Tirpak
Urban Forestry And Stormwater Management: Investigating The Benefit And Health Of Urban Trees In Green Infrastructure Installations, Richard Andrew Tirpak
Doctoral Dissertations
Bioretention is a green infrastructure practice commonly implemented to manage urban stormwater worldwide. While studies have described the many benefits trees provide to urban areas, including improved air quality, wildlife habitat creation, and heat island mitigation, knowledge of their contributions to stormwater management in bioretention is limited. There is a need to characterize tree health in bioretention and the performance benefits they provide to inform appropriate plant selection and maximize the functionality of these systems. In response, several studies were implemented to investigate the role of trees in bioretention practices.The health of trees in existing bioretention practices was compared to …
Planetary Ball Mill And Solution Combustion Approaches For The Production And Size Control Of Nanophosphors, Kaitlyn Angela Mcdonald
Planetary Ball Mill And Solution Combustion Approaches For The Production And Size Control Of Nanophosphors, Kaitlyn Angela Mcdonald
Doctoral Dissertations
The field of nanomaterials has continued to grow exponentially in recent years, covering a large range of markets and industries. The key feature of nano-scaled materials is that their unique properties are a direct result of their small size. Recent application of these nanomaterials in the further production of highly transparent ceramic materials has led to increased interest in the medical imagining field.Cerium-doped gadolinium aluminum gallium garnet (GAGG:Ce) is considered a promising nanophosphor material for application in this field due to advantageous properties such as its high light yield, high effective atomic number, and relatively fast decay time. Further, the …
Probing The Complex Interaction Between The Ph-Low Insertion Peptide And Membrane Bilayers, Haden Lynn Scott
Probing The Complex Interaction Between The Ph-Low Insertion Peptide And Membrane Bilayers, Haden Lynn Scott
Doctoral Dissertations
The pH-low insertion peptide (pHLIP) is a small pH responsive peptide with applications as a cancer therapeutic agent. pHLIP is the C-helix of bacteriorhodopsin (bR), which was found to be soluble in buffer yet interacts with model membranes. Moving forward, advances have been made to further understand the complex interactions that occur between pHLIP and the membrane using a myriad of biophysical techniques. From these studies, it was found that pHLIP interacts with the membrane in three distinct states: soluble in solution at neutral pH, associates with membranes as a random coil at neutral pH, and finally a transmembrane alpha …
Adaptive Nonlinear Model Reduction For Fast Power System Simulation, Denis Osipov
Adaptive Nonlinear Model Reduction For Fast Power System Simulation, Denis Osipov
Doctoral Dissertations
The dissertation proposes a new adaptive approach to power system model reduction for fast and accurate time-domain simulation. This new approach is a compromise between linear model reduction for faster simulation and nonlinear model reduction for better accuracy. During the simulation period, the approach adaptively switches among detailed and linearly or nonlinearly reduced models based on variations of the system state: it employs unreduced models for the fault-on period, uses weighted column norms of the admittance matrix to decide which functions are to be linearized in power system differential-algebraic equations for large changes of the state, and adopts a linearly …
A Multidimensional Approach To Understand Chemotaxis And Motility In Azospirillum Brasilense, Tanmoy Mukherjee
A Multidimensional Approach To Understand Chemotaxis And Motility In Azospirillum Brasilense, Tanmoy Mukherjee
Doctoral Dissertations
Bacterial chemotaxis is a key survival strategy in diverse environments. It is also an important behavior that allows motile bacteria to colonize new niches. Azospirillum brasilense are motile diazotrophic bacteria of agricultural interests due to the ability of several strains to promote growth of a variety of plants upon inoculation. The genome of A. brasilense is predicted to encode four chemotaxis pathways, two of which (Che2 and Che3) do not control the chemotaxis response. The chemotaxis system, named Che1, was shown in previous work to regulate transient changes in swimming velocity that occur during chemotaxis. However, Che1 had a minor …