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Anatomy Academy Service-Learning Project: Attacking The Epidemic Of Childhood Obesity, Kelsey Kjer, Rosedaveia Howell, Brennan Kitchen, Francesca Schutte
Anatomy Academy Service-Learning Project: Attacking The Epidemic Of Childhood Obesity, Kelsey Kjer, Rosedaveia Howell, Brennan Kitchen, Francesca Schutte
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
The World Health Organization has classified childhood obesity as one of the most serious public health concerns in the world. Obesity is known to have detrimental health consequences and be a risk for comorbidities. On top of the consequences of obesity already seen in young children at school, a lack of health education interventions in many elementary schools remains a significant health disparity. Anatomy Academy (AA) is a seven-week curriculum designed to educate children about their bodies and the importance of gaining and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. The purpose of this service-learning project was to educate elementary school students in …
Oxygen Consumption In Highly Skilled Baseball Pitchers, Jesse Clingman
Oxygen Consumption In Highly Skilled Baseball Pitchers, Jesse Clingman
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
The purpose of this study was to describe the physiological demands of highly skilled baseball pitchers during pitching, along with pitch metrics. Three junior college and three professional (n = 6) baseball pitchers participated in this study. Participants completed a graded exercise test (GXT) to volitional exhaustion to determine maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) and estimated body fat percentage, height, and body mass were measured on day one of testing. Next, participants faced live batters on a baseball field while wearing a portable metabolic analyzer (Cosmed K5) to measure respiratory gases including oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide produced (VCO2) …
The Influence Of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation On Fatigue Resistance, Kayla De Guzman
The Influence Of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation On Fatigue Resistance, Kayla De Guzman
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Fatigue is an exercise-induced reduction in muscle force generating capacity. Several studies have shown that some forms of non-invasive brain stimulation can increase the resistance to fatigue during sustained isometric contractions. The purpose was to determine the influence of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on the time to task failure (TTF) of a precision grip task in young adults. Twenty-two healthy young men and women participated in the study. The study utilized a randomized, double-blind, SHAM-controlled, within-subjects, crossover design. Each participant completed two experimental sessions (tACS, SHAM) with a 7-day washout period between sessions. Each session involved performance of a …
Cell-Specific Mechanisms Of Microrna Modulation Of Anoctamin-1 (Ano1) In Oral Cancer, Daniel Hou
Cell-Specific Mechanisms Of Microrna Modulation Of Anoctamin-1 (Ano1) In Oral Cancer, Daniel Hou
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Anoctamin-1 (ANO1) is a calcium-gated chloride ion channel with multiple physiological roles, including transepithelial ion transport, smooth muscle contraction, salivary secretion, and nociception. Recently, ANO1 has been identified to play a key role in cancer progression. ANO1 is overexpressed in different types of cancer, including oral cancer. ANO1 overexpression is commonly the result of ANO1 gene amplification on the chromosome 11q13 locus. In cancer cells, ANO1 upregulation has been reported to promote cell proliferation and migration of tumor cells, whereas ANO1 downregulation induces apoptosis through multiple signaling pathways. As such, ANO1 is now considered a useful biomarker for cancer progression …
How Animals Affect Us: Examining The Relationship Between Human-Animal Interactions And Human Well-Being, Elizabeth A. Johnson
How Animals Affect Us: Examining The Relationship Between Human-Animal Interactions And Human Well-Being, Elizabeth A. Johnson
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
This dissertation utilized a mixed-methods approach which illustrated the potential benefits of HAI in addressing human health concerns, focusing on specific populations within the United States. The chapters presented in this dissertation provide insight into the complex relationships between humans and animals, including the roles of companion animals in promoting human well-being. Chapter three surveys 234 Americans observing COVID-19 stay at home isolation orders and findings suggest that the presence of companion animals alleviates stress and isolation by providing attachment figures and activities on which to focus one’s energy. Chapter four explores women’s oxytocin levels after interacting with their cat …
Physiological Effects Of A Traditional Active Warm-Up Versus A Passive Warm-Up During Submaximal Endurance Exercise, Vernice Ollano
Physiological Effects Of A Traditional Active Warm-Up Versus A Passive Warm-Up During Submaximal Endurance Exercise, Vernice Ollano
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
The purpose of this study is to investigate physiological responses during a traditional active warm-up and a passive warm-up consisting of wearing heated trousers during a submaximal endurance cycling workout. Participants included 10 cyclists/triathletes (3 females, 7 males; age: 48 ± 13 years old; mass: 157.9 ± 33.8 kg; height: 169.3 ± 8.65 cm; percent body fat: 25.3 ± 8.53 %) of at least 18 years of age who could continuously cycle for at least 120 minutes and had knowledge of their individual FTP. Experimental 1-day testing included a randomized crossover design where participants proceeded with two different protocols: an …
Optimizing Resin Infiltration Treatment Of Post-Orthodontic White Spot Lesions By Increasing Infiltrant Penetration Duration — In Vitro Study, Hahnnah Park
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Background: This study focuses on evaluating the effect of increasing duration allowed for resin infiltrant penetration in improving the aesthetic outcome of resin infiltration treatment. Additional investigations into repeat treatment and long-term stability were also conducted. Artifically created white spot lesions were induced on one hundred extracted teeth made up of either incisors or canines. Teeth were divided into enamel and dentin groups depending on the extent of the lesion and then further subdivided into varying treatment protocol groups: 3-minute, 6-minute, and 9-minute penetration time. Teeth were thermocycled for one clinical year and then divided into a repeat treatment and …
Poop! There It Is! Anti-Germinants And Biological Variables As Modulators Of Clostridioides Difficile Infection (Cdi), Jacqueline Renee Phan
Poop! There It Is! Anti-Germinants And Biological Variables As Modulators Of Clostridioides Difficile Infection (Cdi), Jacqueline Renee Phan
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a major cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Due to its insidious nature, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has declared CDI an urgent threat. A key characteristic of C. difficile is its ability to form dormant spores that act as the infectious vehicles for disease. In the gut, spores recognize bile salts to germinate into toxin-producing cells.Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is a key factor in allowing the C. difficile spores to germinate. Normal gut microbiota naturally protects from CDI. However, biological variables such as diet and sex have been found to modulate to …
Morphologic Comparisons Of Recrystallized And Neocrystallized Fibrous Amphibole Asbestos: Implications For Corresponding Health Risk Potential, Natalie G. Renkes
Morphologic Comparisons Of Recrystallized And Neocrystallized Fibrous Amphibole Asbestos: Implications For Corresponding Health Risk Potential, Natalie G. Renkes
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
The presence of naturally-occurring asbestos (NOA) is increasingly concerning for scientists, health and regulatory agencies, and citizens living in impacted areas. It is commonly believed that fibrous amphibole asbestos can only form through neocrystallization. In southern Nevada, NOA occurs as a result of hydrothermal alteration of granitic rock producing fibrous amphibole both as cross-cutting neocrystallized veins and via recrystallization of original magmatic hornblende crystals. Fibers with a greater aspect ratio are known to have increased toxicity. This study measured the maximum length and average width of both neocrystallized and recrystallized fibers to see if the morphologies were similar. Neocrystallized and …
Oral Prevalence Of Akkermancia Muciniphila Among Pediatric And Adult Orthodontic And Non-Orthodontic Patients, Ching Shen
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Akkermansia muciniphila (AM) is one of many highly abundant intestinal microbes that influences homeostasis and metabolic disorders and may also play a role in oral disorders. However, there is little evidence regarding the oral prevalence of this organism. Based upon this lack of evidence, the primary goal of this project is to survey an existing saliva repository to determine the overall prevalence of this organism and any associations with demographic or patient characteristics (age, sex, body mass index, race/ethnicity, orthodontic therapy). Using an approved protocol, a total n = 141 pediatric samples from an existing saliva repository were screened using …
Applying Unsupervised Multi-Omic Learning To Identify Patterns Of Human Genomic Regulatory Regions With An Emphasis In Characterizing Hervh Loci., Corinne Sexton
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
With the increase of diverse genomic data types, machine learning provides an opportunity to integrate several omics datasets into one cohesive annotation. In this dissertation, I apply an unsupervised clustering approach to a novel representation of 3D chromosome conformation data and chromatin mark data. Specifically I use this new method to annotate the regulatory function of human endogenous retrovirus H (HERVH). In chapter 1, I propose a synthesized model of HERVH function as an activating lncRNA based on previously published work. As HERVH and transposable elements in general are repetitive due to their methods of retrotransposition, in chapter 2 I …
The Effects Of Habitat Isolation On Fine-Scale Genetic And Geographic Structure Of Populations Of Two Threatened Endemic Insects In Southern Nevada, Pseudocotalpa Giulianii And Icaricia Shasta Charlestonensis, Kristen Tovar
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Assessing the role geographic isolation and ecological specialization have on phylogeographic patterns contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary history of a species and the processes that erode genetic diversity. I used mitochondrial and nuclear genomic sequences to assess whether habitat isolation has shaped the fine-scale patterns of present-day genetic structure and diversity in two threatened insect species endemic to southern Nevada. Pseudocotalpa giulianii (Coleoptera; Scarabaeidae) is a dune obligate scarab beetle endemic to only two small, isolated sand dunes in Nye County, Nevada, with a usable habitat of less than 4.2 km sq that is impacted by on-going degradation. …
Musculoskeletal Injury Concealment In The Reserve Officers’ Training Corps, Joshua D. Wooldridge
Musculoskeletal Injury Concealment In The Reserve Officers’ Training Corps, Joshua D. Wooldridge
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
INTRODUCTION: Among service members, musculoskeletal injuries threaten military readiness and place a substantial burden on medical and financial resources. While musculoskeletal injuries (MSKIs) are a leading threat to military readiness, service members’ unwillingness to seek care constrains current prevention and surveillance efforts. A growing body of evidence shows US service members conceal a large proportion of injuries, especially in training environments. The Reserve Officers’ Training Corps is a critical training environment for future US military commissioned officers. Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) is the largest commissioning source of new officers for the US military. ROTC cadets are college students concurrently …
Systems Dynamics Of The Anterior Cingulate Cortex And Hippocampus In Behavioral Switching, Spatial Working Memory, And Disease, Ryan Wirt
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
The electrophysiological properties of the hippocampus (HC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) are the central focus of research on learning, memory, and neurological disease. Previous research has shown that HC is essential for forming new memories, spatial navigation, and temporal processing. While the function of ACC, located within the medial prefrontal cortex, remains controversial, it has a role in long-term memory recall, processing pain, monitoring current state, learning, schema updates, and information integrations. Interactions between the ACC and HC occur during social memory, spatial working memory performance, and long-term memory recall. Notably, the HC and ACC are among the first …
Desert Spring Prokaryotes And Benthic Macroinvertebrates: Geological And Ecological Controls, Ariel D. Friel
Desert Spring Prokaryotes And Benthic Macroinvertebrates: Geological And Ecological Controls, Ariel D. Friel
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Desert springs are aquatic oases, being considered among the most diverse and imperiled ecosystems on Earth. Despite the ecological significance and threatened status of desert springs, few studies have surveyed the microorganisms in these systems or their interactions with other community members. The primary goal of this dissertation was to describe the major controls influencing the community ecology of prokaryotic and BMI communities in cold- and moderate-temperature desert springs of the southern hydrographic Great Basin. Chapter 1 provides a broad overview of spring ecosystems and of each chapter included in this dissertation. Chapter 2 documents the first-ever, regional-scale survey of …
Assistance Dog Considerations: A Lecture For Occupational Therapy Students, Kayla Kinney
Assistance Dog Considerations: A Lecture For Occupational Therapy Students, Kayla Kinney
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Assistance dogs can mitigate the effects of an individual’s disability. Occupational therapists consider the whole being when providing interventions through the individual’s meaningful occupations to improve health, well-being, and quality of life. Occupational therapists can make referrals or become a valuable team member for clients who wish to explore assistance dogs as an assistive technology option to improve physical, mental, and psychosocial considerations for increased independence in their clients. Few occupational therapy practitioners are educated about the benefits and disadvantages of the partnership between assistance dog and handler. Therefore, they are unable to adequately recommend assistance dogs for their clients, …
Effects Of Cations And Dipicolinic Acid On B. Anthracis Spore Physiology And Cytotoxicity, Chandler P. Hassan
Effects Of Cations And Dipicolinic Acid On B. Anthracis Spore Physiology And Cytotoxicity, Chandler P. Hassan
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Inhalation of Bacillus anthracis spores leads to the most severe form of anthrax. Following phagocytosis by alveolar macrophages, spores germinate inside the phagolysosome. The mechanism used by the newly germinated B. anthracis cells to survive within macrophages is not completely understood.B. anthracis spores contain large concentrations of calcium in complex with dipicolinic acid (Ca-DPA). Upon germination, the cell excretes the large depot of Ca-DPA. DPA is an amphipathic molecule that could act as a buffer and modulate phagolysosome acidification. Intracellular calcium overload can disrupt signaling pathways required for normal macrophage function and trigger cell death. We hypothesized the release of …
Calcite Spherulite Formations And Their Controls In Halophilic Bacterial Cultures, Zakaria Jibrin
Calcite Spherulite Formations And Their Controls In Halophilic Bacterial Cultures, Zakaria Jibrin
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
This study arose from an accidental discovery of calcite spherulites forming on colonies of various halophilic bacteria grown on solid Luria-Bertani medium made containing water from a brine pool in Death Valley, their natural habitat. Further studies with a large spherulite forming bacteria, Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis, showed that calcite precipitation conditions were the consequence of bacteria using amino acids as a source of carbon and energy, a metabolism that produces NH3 and CO2 waste products. NH3 raises the pH of the medium, turning CO2 into CO32-. Calcium in the natural brine combines with CO32-. The resulting spherulitic calcite precipitation is nano-acicular …
Quantifying The Effect Of Disturbance On Native Mojave Desert Shrubs, Tamara J. Wynne
Quantifying The Effect Of Disturbance On Native Mojave Desert Shrubs, Tamara J. Wynne
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Disturbance can come in many different forms. In our studies, we looked at the impact of a solar photovoltaic facility on native plants growing inside and outside of the facility, alteration in precipitation (simulated) on four native shrubs and the impact of applying supplemental water as a function of volume and frequency to establish native shrubs such as might occur at restoration sites. Disturbance is becoming a more common phenomenon in many ecosystems throughout the world, increasing the need for studies that quantify the impact at the plant and ecosystem level. Each research project revealed different plant responses, such as …
Hunter-Gatherers In Context: Hadzabe People And Early Nutrition Transition, Trevor Pollom
Hunter-Gatherers In Context: Hadzabe People And Early Nutrition Transition, Trevor Pollom
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
The current study utilizes a mixed-methods approach to investigate the processes that influence landcover change and nutrition transitions in the Lake Eyasi Basin area of Northern Tanzania. In doing so, it provides unique insights into the behavior and biology of Hadzabe foragers living in the Yaeda Valley during the early stages of nutrition transition and provides much needed context for scientific literature that has been derived from this region. The current study answers the following questions: 1) How can historical and ethnographic maps, combined with present-day landcover classifications, inform our understanding of the people(s), spaces, and places of Lake Eyasi? …
Retrospective Varying Coefficient Association Analysis Of Longitudinal Binary Traits, Gang Xu
Retrospective Varying Coefficient Association Analysis Of Longitudinal Binary Traits, Gang Xu
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Many genetic studies contain rich information on longitudinal phenotypes that require powerful analytical tools for optimal analysis. Genetic analysis of longitudinal data that incorporates temporal variation is important for understanding the genetic architecture and biological variation of complex diseases. Most of the existing methods assume that the contribution of genetic variants is constant over time and fails to capture the dynamic pattern of disease progression. However, the relative influence of genetic variants on complex traits fluctuates over time.We developed several tests to fill the gap of analyzing time-varying genetic effects in longitudinal GWAS for binary traits. First, we propose a …
Characterization Of The Isothermal Titration Calorimetry Single Injection Method Using T4 Polynucleotide Kinase As A Model System For Kinases, Rebecca Chaehee Lim
Characterization Of The Isothermal Titration Calorimetry Single Injection Method Using T4 Polynucleotide Kinase As A Model System For Kinases, Rebecca Chaehee Lim
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Kinases are an important class of enzymes involved in the regulation of different cellular processes. The dysfunctional activity, either hyperactivity or inactivity, of kinases has been associated with many types of diseases, making kinases a major therapeutic target. As of 2020, more than 80 kinase inhibitors have been FDA-approved and have revolutionized the treatment for progressive disorders such as cancers and Alzheimer's diseases. However, there is always the possibility of developing severe side effects or resistance to drugs so the search for new therapeutics must continue with efficiency and accuracy.Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) is a state-of-the-art technique specialized in detecting …
Markers Of Neuroinflammatory And Degenerative Processes In Professional Athletes With Traumatic Encephalopathy Syndrome, Brooke Conway Kleven
Markers Of Neuroinflammatory And Degenerative Processes In Professional Athletes With Traumatic Encephalopathy Syndrome, Brooke Conway Kleven
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Introduction: The clinical criteria for Traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (ccTES) were developed to improve the diagnosis of Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). This study aimed to determine whether there was an association between a clinical diagnosis of Traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES) and changes in serum biomarkers, balance, neuroimaging, and cognition among athletes in the Professional Athletes Brain Health Study (PABHS).Methods: Of the cohort, 130 professional fighters met age or retirement criteria and went to a consensus conference, with 52 fighters (40%) meeting the criteria for TES. A generalized linear model with generalized estimating equations was utilized to assess the odds of disease …
The Metabolic Change Of Lipid Species In Stam Mice With Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Devin J. Peart
The Metabolic Change Of Lipid Species In Stam Mice With Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Devin J. Peart
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Primary liver cancer hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. In the US, primary liver cancer is the most rapidly increasing type of cancer due to increases in hepatitis B and C and the continued trend of greater and greater percentages of the population suffering from obesity, diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. The prognosis for this disease is poor, with a 5-year survival rate of 26% as compared to only 2% when the cancer is metastatic. Unfortunately, current strategies for early detection of HCC, including routine CT imaging or alpha-fetoprotein biomarker, are suboptimal and tend …
Dimensionality Of Natural Auditory Scene Perception: A Factor Analysis Study, Margaret A. Mcmullin
Dimensionality Of Natural Auditory Scene Perception: A Factor Analysis Study, Margaret A. Mcmullin
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Theories of auditory and visual scene analysis suggest the perception of scenes relies on the identification and segregation of objects within it, resembling a detail-oriented processing style, but it is possible that a global-oriented process also occurs while evaluating auditory scenes. There is evidence for global properties that enable rapid recognition of visual scenes, even without recognizing the individual objects comprising the scene. It is our understanding that a similar line of research has not been explored in the auditory domain; therefore, we evaluated the contributions of high-level global and low-level acoustic information to auditory scene perception. A secondary aim …
Effect Of Metronome, Hospital Mattress, And Step Stool Usage On Chest Compression Rate And Depth During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (Cpr): A Collection Of Systematic Reviews And Meta-Analyses, Lee A. Doernte
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of: (1) a metronome, (2) a hospital mattress, and (3) a step stool on chest compression rate and chest compression depth during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). These studies comply with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist for searches and reporting systematic reviews. We utilized the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) to categorize the certainty of evidence.The first analysis focused on metronome usage while performing CPR. Our methods for this study were to conduct literature searches for studies comparing metronome usage to a …
Strategic Plan For Genomic Competencies Into Undergraduate Nursing Curriculum, Myerann Royce M. Mangalino
Strategic Plan For Genomic Competencies Into Undergraduate Nursing Curriculum, Myerann Royce M. Mangalino
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Problem: As genomics research continues to grow in medicine and in popular culture, an educational gap in nursing is inevitable. Nurses must have a strong understanding of genetics and genomics to effectively integrate them into current practice.Objectives: The objective is to identify gaps in the current undergraduate curriculum and build threads that may be incorporated into the current curriculum to fill the identified gaps. Methods: The foundation of this project was the Essentials of Genetic and Genomic Nursing: Competencies, Curricula Guidelines, and Outcome Indicators, 2nd Edition (Consensus Panel on Genetic/Genomic Nursing Competencies, 2008). A strategic plan was created to increase …
Cognitive Testing For Sport Concussion: The Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment And Cognitive Testing (Impact), Julia E. Maietta
Cognitive Testing For Sport Concussion: The Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment And Cognitive Testing (Impact), Julia E. Maietta
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Sport concussion is among the most common injuries for an athlete to experience during sport participation. Because of the complex pathophysiological process that affects the brain during and after concussion, symptoms can be heterogeneous in presence and severity. Although most acute symptoms (e.g., headache, slowed processing speed, loss of consciousness, irritability, depression, anxiety) resolve within seven to 10 days for most athletes, there is evidence that higher initial symptom burden and other genetically based differences can lead to longer symptom duration and complicated recovery post-concussion. Because structural changes that commonly occur as a result of concussion (e.g., diffuse axonal injury) …
Quantifying Road Bicycle Wheel Vibration, Kyle Petersen
Quantifying Road Bicycle Wheel Vibration, Kyle Petersen
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Understanding factors that influence wheel vibration may have practical applications for cyclists and manufacturers. However, a reliable method to measure these vibrations and tools to interpret the data are needed. PURPOSE: To establish a methodology to measure vibration of the road bicycle wheel and to quantify measured vibrations resulting from changes velocity, tire pressure, and surface roughness. METHODS: A single participant cycled on stationary cycle rollers with different tire pressure, speed, and surface roughness conditions. An accelerometer was mounted to rim of the front wheel. Data were analyzed in the frequency domain following a Fourier Transformation. Data were reduced by …
Hyperspectral Image Analysis Of Food For Nutritional Intake, Shirin Nasr Esfahani
Hyperspectral Image Analysis Of Food For Nutritional Intake, Shirin Nasr Esfahani
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
The primary object of this dissertation is to investigate the application of hyperspectral technology to accommodate for the growing demand in the automatic dietary assessment applications. Food intake is one of the main factors that contribute to human health. In other words, it is necessary to get information about the amount of nutrition and vitamins that a human body requires through a daily diet. Manual dietary assessments are time-consuming and are also not precise enough, especially when the information is used for the care and treatment of hospitalized patients. Moreover, the data must be analyzed by nutritional experts. Therefore, researchers …