Digital Commons Network^™

Movement Of Allelopathic Compound Coumarin From Plant Residue Of Sweet Vernalgrass (Anthoxanthum Odoratum L.) To Soil, Yoshito Yamamoto

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

This study investigated the movement of coumarin, an allelopathic compound, from the plant residue of sweet vernalgrass (Anthoxanthum odoratum L.) to soil, as well as the dynamics of coumarin in soil. The level of coumarin dissolved from sweet vernalgrass plant residue in both Andosols and Cambisols, which were watered every day, peaked on the 5th day after the beginning of watering, and fell gradually with each additional of day. Specifically, the coumarin content in Cambisols on the 5th day was 14.2 ppm, which is 4 times the coumarin level found in Andosols. The recovery percentage of coumarin extracted with …

Spatial Mapping Of The Benthic Community And How It Is Used To Research Effects Of Dredging In Louisiana's Lake Borgne., Meghan Johnson

LSU Master's Theses

Benthic communities are vitally important for healthy aquatic ecosystems across Louisiana’s coast. Specifically in Lake Borgne, ecologically important species of fish like the Gulf Sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) rely on benthic macrofauna as their main food source. The purpose of this study was to determine the spatial landscape of biodiversity and abundance of the benthic macrofauna community in Lake Borgne. Environmental conditions played a key role in community structure during the study period (fall 2021 through summer 2023) with a major drought occurring in 2023. In 2023, the decline in the abundance of most benthic invertebrates and in …

Documenting The Southern Range Terminus Of The Wood Frog (Lithobates Sylvaticus) In North America, Christian Braswell

Theses

The Wood Frog (Lithobates sylvaticus) holds a remarkable position in North American amphibian biology, with its range extending from the Arctic Circle down to the near sub-tropical southeastern United States. This thesis presents a novel quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis (qPCR) primer specific to L. sylvaticus and a survey effort regarding the southernmost distribution and detection of this species in Alabama through the application of environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling techniques. By investigating historical data and employing advanced genetic methodologies, this research provides insights into the contemporary status and distribution of the Wood Frog. This research is important to …

Malaria, A Burden For Sub-Saharan Africa, Alpha Mamadou Hady Barry

Health and Kinesiology Theses

Malaria has been a worldwide health problem for centuries causing between 1.5 to 2.7 million deaths annually, and mostly affecting children aged 5 and under and pregnant women in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) (Phillips, 2001). The discovery of malaria parasites by Laveran in 1880 as well as the finding of mosquitoes as vectors for avian malaria by Ross in 1897, made scientific studies about malaria possible. Between 1898 and 1900, the Italian scientists Grassi, Bignami, Bastianelli, Celli, Golgi and Marchiafava discovered human malaria (Cox, 2010). Malaria has been eradicated from developed countries such as the United Staes and most European countries …

Ecological Niche Modeling Of Endemic Texas Crayfish Species Under Current Conditions, Sarah A. Burgett

Biology Theses

Crayfish play many important roles in freshwater ecosystems such as ecosystem engineering, bioindicator, and food resource. Even though they are important to ecosystems, they are highly understudied. There has been previous work done on ecological niche modeling on Texas crayfish species, but this study takes it a step further by combining soil, climate, and hydrology variables to model the ecological niches of three endemic species: Procambarus texanus, Procambarus nueces, and Procambarus fayettei. Ecological niche models were created for the three species of interest using the program Maxent. I found that P. texanus and P. fayettei have indistinguishable …

Existence Of A Nonzero Worst-Case Ach For Short-Term Exposure In Ventilated Indoor Spaces, K. A. Krishnaprasad, ‪Nadim Zgheib, K. Choudhary, M. Y. Ha, C. Y. Choi, K. S. Bang, S. Jang, S. Balachandar

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

A well-ventilated room is essential to reduce the risk of airborne transmission. As such, the scientific community sets minimum limits on ventilation with the idea that increased ventilation reduces pathogen concentration and thus reduces the risk of transmission. In contrast, the upper limit on ventilation is usually determined by human comfort and the need to reduce energy consumption. While average pathogen concentration decreases with increased ventilation, local concentration depends on multiple factors and may not follow the same trend, especially within short exposure times over large separation distances. Here, we show through experiments and high-fidelity simulations the existence of a …

Bayesian Hierarchical Modelling Of Size Spectra, Jeff S. Wesner, Justin P.F. Pomeranz, James R. Junker, Vojsava Gjoni

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2

A fundamental pattern in ecology is that smaller organisms are more abundant than larger organisms. This pattern is known as the individual size distribution (ISD), which is the frequency distribution of all individual body sizes in an ecosystem. The ISD is described by a power law and a major goal of size spectra analyses is to estimate the exponent of the power law, λ. However, while numerous methods have been developed to do this, they have focused almost exclusively on estimating λ from single samples. Here, we develop an extension of the truncated Pareto distribution within the probabilistic modelling language …

State-Level Variation In Distribution Of Oxycodone And Opioid-Related Deaths From 2000 To 2021: An Ecological Study Of Arcos And Cdc Wonder Data In The Usa, Jay P. Solgama, Edward Liu, Mellar Davis, Jove Graham, Kenneth L. Mccall, Brian J. Piper

Pharmacy Faculty Scholarship

Objectives This study aims to characterise oxycodone’s distribution and opioid-related overdoses in the USA by state from 2000 to 2021. Design This is an observational study. Setting More than 80 000 Americans died of an opioid overdose in 2021 as the USA continues to struggle with an opioid crisis. Prescription opioids play a substantial role, introducing patients to opioids and providing a supply of drugs that can be redirected to those seeking to misuse them. Methods The Drug Enforcement Administration annual summary reports from the Automation of Reports and Consolidated Orders System provided weights of oxycodone distributed per state by …

Stability Of Predator-Prey Model For Worm Attack In Wireless Sensor Networks, Rajeev Kishore, Padam Singh

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this paper, we propose a predator-prey mathematical model for analyzing the dynamical behaviors of the system. This system is an epidemic model, and it is capable of ascertaining the worm's spreading at the initial stage and improving the security of wireless sensor networks. We investigate different fixed points and examine the stability of the projected model.

Overview Of The Zoonotic Potential And Coinfection Of Sars-Cov-2 In Indonesia, Muhammad Khaliim Jati Kusala, Ni Luh Putu Indi Dharmayanti

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

In the ASEAN region, Indonesia has the highest overall COVID-19 infection score. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic first emerged in China and then transmitted sporadically throughout the world. Animals and humans can be infected with the corona virus, so this disease is classified as a zoonotic disease. This review aims to gather information regarding the potential of SARS-CoV-2 as a zoonotic disease and coinfections with several other pathogens in Indonesia. This study collected data demonstrating the potential for COVID-19 to be transmitted from humans to animals, as an evidenced by positive test results for the Bat Coronavirus Antigen in bats. Cats have …

Provisioning Services Decline For Both People And Critically Endangered Wildlife In A Rainforest Transformation Landscape, Katherine J. Kling, Timothy M. Eppley, A. Catherine Markham, Patricia C. Wright, Be Noel Razafindrapaoly, Rajaona Delox, Be Jean Rodolph Rasolofoniaina, Jeanne Mathilde Randriamanetsy, Pascal Elison, Mcantonin Andriamahaihavana, Dean Gibson, Delaid Claudin Rasamisoa, Josia Razafindramanana, Natalie Vasey, Carter W. Daniels, Cortni Borgerson

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The loss and degradation of forests and other ecosystems worldwide threaten both global biodiversity and the livelihoods of people who use natural resources. Understanding how natural resource use impacts landscape provisioning services for both people and wildlife is thus critical for designing comprehensive resource management strategies. We used data from community focus groups, botanical plots and an inventory of plant species consumed by the Critically Endangered red-ruffed lemur (Varecia rubra) to assess the availability of key provisioning services for people and endemic wildlife on the Masoala Peninsula, a rainforest transformation landscape, in northeastern Madagascar (Masoala National Park and 13 surrounding …

Decreasing The United States’ Maternal Mortality Rate: Using Policies Of Other High-Income Countries As A Model, Leah Frattellone

Pace International Law Review

The United States has the highest maternal mortality rate among high-income countries. This article focuses on policies the United States can implement to decrease the maternal mortality rate, with a focus on access to abortion, the standard of care for pregnant women and new mothers, access to healthcare, and family leave. This article also explores policies surrounding those areas in other high-income countries and analyzes the differences in both the actual policies and the outcomes of those policies. To effectively decrease the maternal mortality rate in the United States, policies from other high-income countries, with lower maternal mortality rates should …

A Critical Review Of Egg Descriptions For The Sucre Antpitta Grallaricula Cumanensis Based On The Ragnar Kreuger Oological Collection Of The Finnish Museum Of Natural History, Finland / Revisión Crítica De La Descripción De Los Huevos Del Ponchito De Sucre Grallaricula Cumanensis Basados En La Colección Oológica Ragnar Kreuger Del Museo Finlandés De Historia Natural, Finlandia, Vladislav Marcuk, Donovan De Boer, Harold F. Greeney

Revista Venezolana de Ornitología

We provide a summary of published information on eggs of the endemic Sucre Antpitta Grallaricula cumanensis from Venezuela. Following the formal description of the eggs of G. c. cumanensis more than a half century ago, the natural history and breeding biology of the species still remains virtually unknown. During our investigation of inconsistencies in the linear measurements in the literature, we examined the original collection labels associated with the only three egg sets known for the Sucre Antpitta, all held at the Finnish Museum of Natural History. Herein we provide corrected linear measurements for the eggs of the Sucre Antpitta, …

Open-Source Based Change Pattern Analysis Of Urban Green Spaces Using Landscape Metrics, Mohammad Anwar Alattar

The Geographical Bulletin

A growing number of studies have been conducted on urban green spaces (UGSs), given their essential role in mitigating urbanization externalities. The current available methods for acquiring and analyzing UGSs data suffer from several limitations. For example, free satellite imagery exhibits pixel distortion and fails to account for fine-grained structure such as accurate geometry or size. Moreover, official UGSs datasets are typically updated periodically, not continuously. This work provides a Python-derived open-source based analysis for acquiring, modeling and analyzing UGSs change patterns using landscape metrics. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach, it is applied on the New York …

Singular Comportamiento De Alimentación En El Carpintero Habado Melanerpes Rubricapillus / Peculiar Feeding Behavior By The Red-Crowned Woodpecker Melanerpes Rubricapillus, Luis G. González Bruzual, Gedio Marín

Revista Venezolana de Ornitología

No abstract provided.

Maternal Mortality: What Is The Situation And The Determinants?, Taqi Mohammed Jwad Taher

Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences

Maternal mortality is a term used to describe a woman's death due to a pregnancy-related issues during pregnancy or a year from its termination or due to an existing condition exacerbated by pregnancy. Every year, an estimated 303,000 women lose their lives during childbirth, mostly in underdeveloped nations. This study aimed to assess the current situation and causes of maternal mortality around the world. It was conducted by searching for the related keywords in Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and Google Books. The search was limited to articles published between the years 2015 and 2023. This article found that maternal deaths can …

Neighborhood Environment And Poor Maternal Glycemic Control-Associated Complications Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Leela V. Thomas, Claudine T. Jurkovitz, Zugui Zhang, Mitchell R. Fawcett, M. James Lenhard

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Risk of complications due to gestational diabetes mellitus is increasing in the U.S., particularly among individuals from racial minorities. Research has focused largely on clinical interventions to prevent complications, rarely on individuals' residential environments. This retrospective cohort study aims to examine the association between individuals' neighborhoods and complications of gestational diabetes mellitus.

METHODS: Demographic and clinical data were extracted from electronic health records and linked to American Community Survey data from the U.S. Census Bureau for 2,047 individuals who had 2,164 deliveries in 2014-2018. Data were analyzed in 2021-2022 using Wilcoxon rank sum test and chi-square test for bivariate …

Sulfur Assimilation Using Gaseous Carbonyl Sulfideby The Soil Fungus Trichoderma Harzianum, Ryuka Iizuka, Shohei Hattori, Yusuke Kosaka, Yoshihito Masaki, Yusuke Kawano, Iwao Ohtsu, David Hibbett, Yoko Katayama, Makoto Yoshida

Biology

Fungi have the capacity to assimilate a diverse range of both inorganic and organic sulfur compounds. It has been recognized that all sulfur sources taken up by fungi are in soluble forms. In this study, we present evidence that fungi can utilize gaseous carbonyl sulfide(COS) for the assimilation of a sulfur compound. We found that the filamentousfungus Trichoderma harzianum strain THIF08, which has constitutively high COS-degrading activity, was able to grow with COS as the sole sulfur source. Cultivation with 34S-labeled COS revealed that sulfur atom from COS was incorporated into intracellular metabolites such as glutathione and ergothioneine. COS degradation …

Impacts Of Climate Change And Agricultural Practices On Nitrogen Processes, Genes, And Soil Nitrous Oxide Emissions: A Quantitative Review Of Meta-Analyses, Dafeng Hui, Avedananda Ray, Lovish Kasrija, Jaekedah Christian

Biology Faculty Research

Microbial-driven processes, including nitrification and denitrification closely related to soil nitrous oxide (N2O) production, are orchestrated by a network of enzymes and genes such as amoA genes from ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA), narG (nitrate reductase), nirS and nirK (nitrite reductase), and nosZ (N2O reductase). However, how climatic factors and agricultural practices could influence these genes and processes and, consequently, soil N2O emissions remain unclear. In this comprehensive review, we quantitatively assessed the effects of these factors on nitrogen processes and soil N2O emissions using mega-analysis (i.e., meta-meta-analysis). The results showed that global warming increased soil nitrification and denitrification …

Matrilineality, Water Knowledge And Networks, And The Position Of Women In Rural Tanzania, Ruth Aernout, Sara Dewachter, Nathalie Holvoet

Journal of International Women's Studies

This article reports on a study of the effect of matrilineality on a community’s social fabric in the Morogoro region of Tanzania. We used water information-sharing networks as a proxy for social interaction, with water accessibility, functionality, and quality being highly problematic in the area under study. This is a situation that particularly affects women, who are generally responsible for household water provision yet are excluded from water management institutions. Drawing on network and survey data and focus group discussions, the differences in inter-gender interaction, inclusiveness, and women’s status were explored by comparing a matrilineal and mixed patri-matrilineal community. We …

Social Determinants Of Health, Comorbidities, And Covid-19 Among Adults Aged 18 And Older In Indiana, Kandeh Kamara

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Association Between Marital Status, Family Size, And Diabetes Among Asian-American Women, Rhea Ann Reyes Mcbride

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Book Reviews, Marine Ornithology

Marine Ornithology

No abstract provided.

Characterizing Isotopic Variation Of A Tropical Seabird, The White Tern Gygis Alba, N. W. Yeung, D. C. Duffy, S. Conant

Marine Ornithology

No abstract provided.

Trans-Andean Passage Of Migrating Arctic Terns Over Patagonia, D. C. Duffy, A. Mckight, D. B. Irons

Marine Ornithology

No abstract provided.

Size And Distribution Of The California Brown Pelican Metapopulation In A Non-Enso Year, D. W. Anderson, C. J. Henny, C. Godínez-Reyes, F. Gress, E. L. Palacios, K. Santos, J. P. Gallo-Reynoso, J. Bredy

Marine Ornithology

No abstract provided.

Catastrophic Breeding Failure Caused By Heavy Rainfall In A Shearwater Colony, C. J. Tiller, N. I. Klomp, P. J. Fullagar, P. C. Heyligers

Marine Ornithology

No abstract provided.

Identifying Nesting Habitat Of Kittlitz's Murrelets Brachyramphus Brevirostris: Old Nests Lead To A New Breeding Record, L. A. Kenney, R. S.A. Kaler

Marine Ornithology

No abstract provided.

Fledging Chronology Of Craveri's Murrelet Synthliboramphus Craveri On Isla Alcatraz, Gulf Of California, Mexico, E. K. Hurley, N. S. Blinick

Marine Ornithology

No abstract provided.

Nesting Least Terns Sternula Antillarum At Estero Cardonal, Sonora, Mexico: A Newly Discovered Colony In The Gulf Of California, A. B. Fleishman, N. S. Blinick

Marine Ornithology

No abstract provided.