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Table Annexed To Article: Selected Details Of State Constitutions Adopted Before 1787, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: Selected Details Of State Constitutions Adopted Before 1787, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
OCL surveys the fifteen state constitutions (including those adopted and replaced) from 1776 through 1786, including both of Vermont’s constitutions. The word counts in the fifteen state constitutions written from 1776 to 1786 total 81,893 words with 3,894 unique words. The charters (including those adopted and replaced) run from 1776 through 1786, including both of Vermont’s constitutions. To this OCL would add Constitution I (the constitution of the year One) = 3,354 words with 774 until words and Constitution II (constitution of the year eleven) = 4,321 words with 831 unique words.
Table Annexed To Article: Surveying The 831 Unique Words In The Philadelphia Constitution, Peter Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: Surveying The 831 Unique Words In The Philadelphia Constitution, Peter Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Of the 831 unique words in the Philadelphia Constitution, what were the most frequently used words? The least? OCL lists all unique words in rank order with and without frequencies, accounting for the word total of 4,321 words in the Philadelphia Constitution.
Table Annexed To Article: Unique Words In Constitutions I And Ii Surveyed, Peter Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: Unique Words In Constitutions I And Ii Surveyed, Peter Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Constitution I and Constitution II are surveyed with all words treated as appearing only once; that is, appearing uniquely. The texture of the two constitutions is presented with comparative lists of the 775 unique words of Constitution I with the 831 unique words of Constitution II; the 406 unique words of Constitution II which appear in Constitution I are calendared.
Unique Words In Constitutions I And Ii Surveyed, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Unique Words In Constitutions I And Ii Surveyed, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Constitution I and Constitution II are surveyed with all words treated as appearing only once; that is, appearing uniquely. The texture of the two constitutions is presented with comparative lists of the 775 unique words of Constitution I with the 831 unique words of Constitution II; the 406 unique words of Constitution II which appear in Constitution I are calendared.
Unique Words In Constitutions I And Ii Surveyed, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Unique Words In Constitutions I And Ii Surveyed, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Constitutions I and II are surveyed and all words appearing are treated equally, that is, treated as appearing uniquely. The texture of the two constitutions is thereby investigated by presenting comparative lists of the 775 unique words of Constitution I with the 831 unique words of Constitution II.
Table Annexed To Article: Unique Words In Constitutions I And Ii Surveyed, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Table Annexed To Article: Unique Words In Constitutions I And Ii Surveyed, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Constitutions I and II are surveyed and all words appearing are treated equally, that is, treated as appearing uniquely. The texture of the two constitutions is thereby investigated by presenting comparative lists of the 775 unique words of Constitution I with the 831 unique words of Constitution II.
How Many Unique Words Did It Take To Write Our First Constitution?, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
How Many Unique Words Did It Take To Write Our First Constitution?, Peter J. Aschenbrenner
Peter J. Aschenbrenner
In 3,466 words – crafted between July, 1776 and November, 1777 – the Continental Congress created Constitution I, universally known as the Articles of Confederation. How many of these words are unique? And how many of these 3,466 words did the Philadelphia convention use in crafting the 4,321 words of Constitution II?
Finding Translations In Scanned Book Collections, Ismet Zeki Yalniz, R. Manmatha
Finding Translations In Scanned Book Collections, Ismet Zeki Yalniz, R. Manmatha
R. Manmatha
This paper describes an approach for identifying translations of books in large scanned book collections with OCR errors. The method is based on the idea that although individual sentences do not necessarily preserve the word order when translated, a book must preserve the linear progression of ideas for it to be a valid translation. Consider two books in two different languages, say English and German. The English book in the collection is represented by the sequence of words (in the order they appear in the text) which appear only once in the book. Similarly, the book in German is represented …
Partial Duplicate Detection For Large Book Collections, Ismet Zeki Yalniz, Ethem F. Can, R. Manmatha
Partial Duplicate Detection For Large Book Collections, Ismet Zeki Yalniz, Ethem F. Can, R. Manmatha
R. Manmatha
A framework is presented for discovering partial duplicates in large collections of scanned books with optical character recognition (OCR) errors. Each book in the collection is represented by the sequence of words (in the order they appear in the text) which appear only once in the book. These words are referred to as ``unique words'' and they constitute a small percentage of all the words in a typical book. Along with the order information the set of unique words provides a compact representation which is highly descriptive of the content and the flow of ideas in the book. By aligning …