Digital Commons Network^™

Hacia Un Programa De Investigación En Sociología De La Innovación, Manuel Fernández-Esquinas

Manuel Fernández-Esquinas

This article analyzes the main features of the sociological perspective on innovation. The main goal is to specify the concepts and analytical tools commonly used by sociologists that can be useful for the study of the innovation processes. The strategy of the paper starts by specifying the object of study, the influences from other specialties inside and outside the sociological field and the research topics related to innovation that attract the attention of sociologists. Then the main components for a research programme on the sociology of innovation are outlined. For that purpose the article departs from the distinction between culture …

The Gamification Of Innovation, Steffen Roth, Dirk Schneckenberg, Chia-Wen Tsai

Dr. Steffen Roth

This special issue on the “Gamification of Innovation” will focus on the collection and reflection of the games played in the Olymp(ic)s of creativity and innovation management. We particularly welcome contributions opening up and entering the tension zone of gamification and innovation to explore the ways in which games shape and reshape the forms and functions of communication in order to stimulate creativity. In addition, inputs, which link gamification to aspects of ideation, design thinking, social media, and computer communication, will also receive full consideration.

Nanotechnology In India: Inferring Links Between Emerging Technologies And Development, Thomas Woodson

Thomas Woodson

No abstract provided.

On Some Of The Misconceptions About Entrepreneurship, Murray Hunter

Murray Hunter

Entrepreneurship has been played up by the media as a visionary and heroic activity. Individual entrepreneurs have been glorified through media coverage, biographies, and publicity contributing to many government and public misconceptions entrepreneurship. This paper examines some of the myths about entrepreneurship, looking at relevant research and statistics, and paints a very different picture to general public perceptions. The paper then goes on to postulate that entrepreneurship is only part of the firm lifecycle, very little innovation is generated by start-up ventures, there is no common entrepreneurial type of person, people start new businesses for non-rational reasons, very few entrepreneurs …

Do We Have 18th Century Courts For The 21st Century, Michael Buenger

Michael Buenger

State courts continue to face both funding and political challenges. In light of these challenges state court leaders, the bar and legal educators should undertake a serious rethinking of our state courts along three thematic lines: (1) systemic reorganization to reduce fragmentation, simplify access, and provide greater flexibility and specialization in the use of resources; (2) diversification of dispute resolution processes so that cases move in different directions with a range of resolution options pegged to the issues presented; and (3) rationalization of governance, leadership, and accountability systems to enhance effective organizational management of complex institutions.

Linking Development And Innovation: What Does Technological Change Bring To The Society?, Evgeny A. Klochikhin

Evgeny A. Klochikhin

Recently, there has been a popular trend in academic research for paying more attention to ‘pro-poor’ policies and theoretical studies. This tradition has emerged from a broader understanding of development that includes not only economic but also social and political dimensions. Meanwhile, innovation researchers are still considering development as mere economic growth without much focus on the social impacts of technological change. This article recognizes that, despite these fundamental differences, the concepts of innovation and development have much in common and are, in fact, positively connected and mutually beneficial. This assumption has some important implications for the innovation and development …

Arctic Justice: Addressing Persistent Organic Pollutants, Prof. Elizabeth Burleson

Prof. Elizabeth Burleson

This article recommends enhanced governance of persistent organic pollutants through incentives to develop environmentally sound, climate friendly technologies as well as caution in developing the Arctic. It highlights the toxicity challenges presented by POPs to Arctic people and ecosystems.

50 Useful Software On Innovation, Concept Mapping And Idea Management, Umakant Mishra

Umakant Mishra

Can any software help us innovating? Well a software may not help us directly in innovating but it can definitely help us in practicing any specific process of innovation, be it idea generation, idea management, concept mapping, problem analysis or idea presentation. There are many software which try to help us out while working through many such methods. The following is a list of 50 popular Innovation and Concept mapping software which are alive and usable.

The Economic Value Of Broadcast Innovation – Impact On The U.S. Treasury, Rajiv M. Hazaray

Rajiv M Hazaray

Every day, more and more Americans begin to use smartphones, tablets, and wireless modems to access new mobile applications and services that are proliferating at an astounding pace. Some have argued that without a fundamental shift of spectrum from broadcasters to commercial wireless operators the nation will soon face a massive “mobile traffic jam” and that auctioning broadcast spectrum will deliver a revenue windfall to the U.S. Treasury.

But the opposite is true. The best way to meet the projected explosive growth in mobile data is to allow broadcasters to use point-to-multipoint “Broadcast Overlay” technology to provide the most efficient …

Harvesting Intellectual Property: "Inspired Beginnings" And "Work Makes Work," Two Stages In The Creative Processes Of Artists And Innovators, Jessica M. Silbey

Jessica Silbey

This Article is part of a larger empirical study based on face-to-face interviews with artists, scientists, engineers, their lawyers, agents, and business partners. The book-length project involves the collecting and analysis of stories from artists, scientists, and engineers about how and why they create and innovate. It also collects stories from their employers, business partners, managers, and lawyers about their role in facilitating the process of creating and innovating. The book’s aim is to make sense of the intersection between intellectual property law and creative and innovative activity, specifically to discern how intellectual property intervenes in the careers of the …

Public Policy Instruments In (Re)Building National Innovation Capabilities: Cases Of Nanotechnology Development In China, Russia And Brazil, Evgeny A. Klochikhin

Evgeny A. Klochikhin

In 2001 Goldman Sachs named Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRICs) the most rapidly-growing countries in the world capable of surpassing the United States, Japan and Europe as leading economies by 2050.

Nevertheless, for the last decade we have learned relatively little about the mechanisms of success and failure in these countries. All of them have huge territory and population as well as fast-growing economies that sometimes show two-digit rates of GDP growth per year and surprise the world by their increasing budgets and public spending. In the meantime, most of these countries are believed to be desperately struggling against …

Competition Law And Sector Regulation In The European Energy Market After The Third Energy Package: Hierarchy And Efficiency, Michael Diathesopoulos

Michael Diathesopoulos

The aim of this research is to provide the basic parameters for a model for the definition of the relation between the general competition and sector specific frameworks and rules regarding the regulation of the Internal Energy Market, especially after the Third Energy Package. The research considers the recent sector specific framework in relation to a series of recent competition law cases of the Energy Market where structural remedies were applied under the commitments procedure. Essential facilities doctrine and generally competition law tools do not seem to provide a suitable framework for effectively addressing the dynamic competition concept, treating the …

Internet History, Raphael Cohen-Almagor

raphael cohen-almagor

This paper outlines and analyzes milestones in the history of the Internet. As technology advances, it presents new societal and ethical challenges. The early Internet was devised and implemented in American research units, universities, and telecommunication companies that had vision and interest in cutting-edge research. The Internet then entered into the commercial phase (1984-1989). It was facilitated by the upgrading of backbone links, the writing of new software programs, and the growing number of interconnected international networks. The author examines the massive expansion of the Internet into a global network during the 1990s when business and personal computers with different …

Negotiating For The Market, Joshua S. Gans

Joshua S Gans

In a dynamic environment where underlying competition is ‘for the market,’ this paper examines what happens when entrants and incumbents can negotiate for the market. For instance, this might arise when an entrant innovator can choose to license to or be acquired by an incumbent firm; i.e., engage in cooperative commercialization. It is demonstrated that, depending upon firms’ dynamic capabilities, there may or may not be gains to trade between incumbents and entrants in a cumulative innovation environment; that is, entrants may not be adequately compensated for losses in future innovative potential. This stands in contrast to static analyses that …

Licensing As Digital Rights Management, From The Advent Of The Web To The Ipad, Reuven Ashtar

Reuven Ashtar

This Article deals with the Digital Millennium Copyright Act’s anti-circumvention provision, Section 1201, and its relationship to licensing. It argues that not all digital locks and contractual notices qualify for legal protection under Section 1201, and attributes the courts’ indiscriminate protection of all Digital Rights Management (DRM) measures to the law’s incoherent formulation. The Article proposes a pair of filters that would enable courts to distinguish between those DRM measures that qualify for protection under Section 1201, and those that do not. The filters are shown to align with legislative intent and copyright precedent, as well as the approaches recently …

An Innovation-Centric Approach Of Telecommunications Infrastructure Regulation, Konstantinos Stylianou

Konstantinos Stylianou

This paper considers the mechanics and role of innovation in telecommunications networks, and explains how regulation can be designed to maximize innovation. To better focus on the relationship between innovation and regulation an effort is made to distinguish innovation from competition, although the two concepts are closely related, and several reasons are presented on why the fast changing, networked and technical nature of telecommunications offers a very favorable environment for innovation to thrive, as well as why innovation benefits from a large number of actors. Moreover, the paper further explains that even small players are useful in the innovation process …

Innovation Cooperation: Energy Biosciences And Law, Prof. Elizabeth Burleson

Prof. Elizabeth Burleson

This Article analyzes the development and dissemination of environmentally sound technologies that can address climate change. Climate change poses catastrophic health and security risks on a global scale. Universities, individual innovators, private firms, civil society, governments, and the United Nations can unite in the common goal to address climate change. This Article recommends means by which legal, scientific, engineering, and a host of other public and private actors can bring environmentally sound innovation into widespread use to achieve sustainable development. In particular, universities can facilitate this collaboration by fostering global innovation and diffusion networks.

Energy Revolution And Disaster Response In The Face Of Climate Change, Prof. Elizabeth Burleson

Prof. Elizabeth Burleson

Nuclear meltdown in Japan and civil society strife across the Middle East highlight the degree to which resilience is core to international peace and security. This article considers the means by which communities can become increasingly resilient through shared best practices across a range of climate change measures.

Closing The Gap Between The Industry And Higher Education Institutions- Case Examples From East African Region, Deogratias Harorimana Mr

Dr Deogratias Harorimana

Much complained about is the quality of graduates Universities put on the labour market. Less talked about however is why knowledge institutions seems to be bad knowledge managers. In this presentation I argue that DIRECT collaborative relationship between Industry,Governments and Higher Education Institutions is a per-requisite.Good relationship is key to building such a successful knowledge transfer strategies between Industries and Educational and Research Institutions. This paper explores what makes a good Knowledge Transfer Partnership Strategy and highlights some key lessons for businesses, Universities and Government bodies. This paper was a Key note presentation to the Annual International Conference on Building …

Innovation And Knowledge Sharing Across Professional Boundaries: Political Interplay Between Boundary Objects And Brokers, Chris Kimble, Corinne Grenier, Karine Goglio-Primard

Chris Kimble

The article examines the process of innovation and knowledge sharing from a perspective that focuses on the influence that local circumstances can have. In particular, it looks at the problems of knowledge sharing between groups of professionals. It presents a comparative analysis of two studies, one involving two groups of IT professionals; the other a network of healthcare professionals. The data was collected in two sets. The first set consisted of the results from two earlier, independent studies; the second was collected specifically for this article. We investigate the role played by boundary objects and brokers. Through an analysis of …

Demonstrating Contradictions In A Graphical User Interface, Umakant Mishra

Umakant Mishra

Designing a GUI is not so easy as it may appear to outside. The developer has to face many difficulties while improving the features of a GUI. In many cases improving one feature of a GUI results in worsening another feature of it, thus leading to a situation known as contradiction in TRIZ. Many such contradictions have been solved by different inventors in the past. We will demonstrate some important contradictions in this article and discuss alternative solutions for each contradiction.

Protecting Innovation In Computer Software, Biotechnology, And Nanotechnology, Dennis S. Karjala

Dennis S Karjala

In the 1970’s, paying virtually no attention to the fundamental distinction between patent and copyright subject matter, Congress decided to protect computer programs as a “literary work” under copyright law. As a result, a work of technology for the first time was consciously placed under the protective umbrella of a statute designed for art, music, and literature. While the vulnerability of computer program code to cheap and easy verbatim copying supplied a policy basis for “anti-copy” protection of code, courts often analogized these congressionally anointed “literary works” to broadly protected novels and plays rather than thinly protected technical specifications and …

Innovazione, Qualifiche, Salari: Una Rassegna Critica., Stefano Supino

Stefano Supino

This paper reviews recent developments in the analysis of innovation, skills and wages. It discuss some problems and puzzles affecting the emerging neoclassical literature on these topics. Several shortcoming are identified, from poor structural models to excessive reliance on traditional proxies of innovation activities. The paper claims that in investigating the skills and wages impact of innovation, mainstream economics lost some useful insight from Schumpeterian tradition. It concludes that a more correct approach to labour market impact of innovation could benefits from a recovery of Schumpeterian legacy and a more attentive use of Innovation Surveys as a tool to investigate …

Value Networks For Developing Mobile Innovations: The Case Of Apple Iphone, Mutaz M. Al-Debei

Dr. Mutaz M. Al-Debei

This paper intuitively utilizes a methodical approach (i.e. VNM Model) to analyze the success of Apple iPhone mobile innovation from a value network perspective. The paper demonstrates, through the case of iPhone, how a powerful and well- designed value network is a critical enabler of innovations in the mobile telecommunications industry. Retrospectively, the paper also discusses key value drivers of successful value networks.

Rethinking The Business Model Concept With Eparticipation, Mutaz M. Al-Debei, Panagiotis Panagiotopoulos, Guy Fitzgerald, Tony Elliman

Dr. Mutaz M. Al-Debei

Enhancing citizen participation in policy making using Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) is emerging as a strategic issue for political organisations. ICT-mediated participation, or eParticipation, projects range from the more traditional public sector initiatives, such as petitions and consultations, to attempts at integrating new forms of participatory Web 2.0 media. In this paper, we argue that the potential of ICTs to deliver sustainable eParticipation has not been fully achieved. This is mainly because of the lack of (1) effective coordination at the implementation level, (2) appropriate infrastructure, and (3) effective service design and development. In addressing this gap, we examine …

Constructing Commons In The Cultural Environment, Katherine J. Strandburg, Michael J. Madison, Brett M. Frischmann

Katherine J. Strandburg

This Article sets out a framework for investigating sharing and resource pooling arrangements for information and knowledge-based works. We argue that the approach to commons arrangements in the natural environment pioneered by Elinor Ostrom and collaborators provides a template for examining the construction of commons in the cultural environment. The approach promises to lead to a better understanding of how participants in commons and pooling arrangements structure their interactions in relation to the environments in which they are embedded, in relation to information and knowledge resources that they produce and use, and in relation to one another.

An improved understanding …

Revelations Of Adaptive Technology Hiding In Your Operating System, Kathleen P. King

Kathleen P King

Pre-publication version of a chapter about the assistive technology tools and resources available for free in Windows OS and Mac OS. Introducing higher education faculty to free resources, features and programs which they can recommend to their students or perhaps use for themselves (for instance for fading eyesight or hearing). In addition, the chapter briefly shares strategies and examples of how they might be used. The book will have an entire chapter dedicated to assistive technology as well. This is a popularized assistive technology chapter for generalist, NON special education, faculty to become acquainted with readily available and free resources. …

Contract Adjudication In A Collaborative Economy, Matthew C. Jennejohn

Matthew C Jennejohn

In order to explore the debate between contextualist versus formalist contract interpretation, this article examines dispute resolution procedures in a novel class of contracts: agreements governing inter-firm collaboration. Analysis of these contracts reveals two phenomena: first, agreements governing collaboration include arbitration clauses more frequently than other commercial contracts; and second, these agreements routinely situate arbitration at the summit of complex escalation procedures. These observations raise, in turn, the following inter-related questions: first, why do collaborators avoid litigation; and second, what makes escalated and private dispute resolution appropriate?

The article’s central claim is that litigation is shunned because contemporary contextualist contract …

Why Typefaces Proliferate Without Copyright Protection, Blake Fry

Blake Fry

Classic economic theory predicts that without copyright protection authors and publishers would not have sufficient incentive to invest the time or money needed to produce or distribute new works, and the public would suffer a shortage. Copyrights are an attempt to solve this problem. By granting a monopoly to the author of an expressive work the government gives him the sole right to copy it. If only the author has this right, authors will get a reasonable rate of return, and thus a sufficient incentive to create new works. However, empirical evidence on whether adequate expressive works would be created …

Untapped Inventive Potential In U.S. Communities, Michael Meehan

Michael Meehan PhD

This paper combines the 2000 U.S. Census data and the National Bureau of Economic Research’s (NBER) Patent Citation Data File in order to analyze how certain community-level population and community factors correlate with overall patenting and relative rates of assigned and unassigned patenting. Among the interesting findings discussed are that, in addition to the fact that overall patenting increased with higher populations of employed people, higher populations of people with either terminal undergraduate or master’s degrees, and higher median income, the overall rates of patenting decreased, and did not merely remain the level, as the other sectors of a communities’ …