Digital Commons Network^™

Women Farmworkers In California, Julie Barreto

Golden Gate University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Reaping Riches In A Wretched Region: Subsidized Industrial Farming And Its Link To Perpetual Poverty, Lloyd G. Carter

Golden Gate University Environmental Law Journal

This Article shows how a long American tradition of helping small farmers has, in the past few decades, morphed into a massive government aid program for large industrialized agribusiness operations—a program that not only drives small farmers off the land but also perpetuates rural poverty because agribusiness requires huge numbers of low-paid, seasonal harvest workers, many of whom are undocumented workers who choose to stay in the United States. Part II reviews the history and evolution of publicly subsidized farming in the Valley. Part III discusses the creation of the Westlands irrigation district as representing the archetype of large "factories …

An Exogenous Approach To Circumventing Demolition By Neglect: The Impact Of Agricultural Preservation On Historic Colonial Towns, Galen Newman

All Dissertations

The effects of city decentralization and counter-urbanization of the American landscape have resulted in simultaneous negative impacts on both historic structures and agricultural landscapes. Rapid conversion of farmland has helped to facilitate the relocation of both populations and commercial activities in communities across the United States, leaving inner cities replete with functionless, unused, and unmaintained heritage structures. As civic core areas have become shells of their former selves, many once-vital structures have been removed while others have been abandoned and left to decay--a process known as demolition by neglect. While historic preservation efforts have attempted to salvage these historic structures, …

A Comparison Of Canopy Evapotranspiration For Maize And Two Perennial Grasses Identified As Potential Bioenergy Crops, Andy Vanloocke, George C. Hickman, Frank G. Dohleman, Carl J. Bernacchi

Andy VanLoocke

Food Sovereignty Is A Gendered Issue, Margaret Ellinger-Locke

Margaret Ellinger-Locke

No abstract provided.

Climate Change Impact On Agriculture: Devils Lake Basin, Andrei Kirilenko

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Northern Great Plains is one of the most important agricultural regionsworldwide. This is also a region expected to be heavily impacted by climate change. Thisand two other papers in this session concentrate on studying climate change impacts onwater resources of the region, and on the impacts of these changes on agriculture. Themajor focus of our interest is Devils Lake watershed in North Dakota. The watershed islocated in the Northern Great Plains, the area where intensive agriculture has caused anextreme change in land use and land cover, followed by substantial water pollution. DevilsLake is an endorheic (terminal) lake, which makes it …

Information, Direct Access To Farmers, And Rural Market Performance In Central India, Aparajita Goyal

Aparajita Goyal

This paper estimates the impact of a change in procurement strategy of a private buyer in the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. Beginning in October 2000, Internet kiosks and warehouses were established that provide wholesale price information and an alternative marketing channel to soy farmers in the state. Using a new market-level dataset, the estimates suggest a significant increase in soy price after the introduction of kiosks, supporting the predictions of the theoretical model. Moreover, there is a robust increase in area under soy cultivation. The results point toward an improvement in the functioning of rural agricultural markets. (JEL …

Management Of Agricultural Nitrogen Losses In European Landscapes: An Ecosystem Modelling Case Study, Tommy Dalgaard, Nick Hutchings, C. Kjeldsen

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Management of Nitrogen (N) losses and the related greenhouse gas emissions is one of the most important environmental issues related to agriculture. This paper shows examples of an integrated model tool, developed to quantify the N-dynamics at the complex interface between agriculture and the environment, and quantify effects of different management practices. Based on results from the EU funded research projects NitroEurope (www.NitroEurope.eu) and MEA-scope (www.MEA-scope.org), examples from the quantification of farm N-losses in European agricultural landscapes are demonstrated. The dynamic whole farm model FASSET (www.FASSET.dk), and the Farm-N tool ( www.farm-N.dk/FarmNTool) are used to calculate farm N balances, and …

Evaluating Climate Suitability For Agriculture In Switzerland, A. Holzkämper, P. Calanca, J. Fuhrer

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

With climate change increased water shortage and extreme weather eventsduring the cropping season may cause more frequent crop loss, yield instability, and makecultivated areas less suitable for traditional crops. In order to develop long-term agriculturalpolicies, planners need to understand the likely impacts of climate change on the climatesuitability for different cultivation types. Agroclimatic indices have great potential tocommunicate the impacts of climate change. However, each metric only represents aspecific aspect of climate that may or may not be relevant for the growth of a certain croptype. To guide planners and policy makers, different indices have to be aggregated in acomprehensible …

Modelling Scenarios Of Agriculture Changes On Freshwater Uses And Water Quality At A Large Watershed Scale – The Case Of The Charente Watershed (France), Françoise Vernier, Paul Bordenave, Marie Chavent, Odile Leccia, Kevin Petit

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The Charente River Basin (10 000 km2) is linked to the Pertuis Charentais Sea by a large tidal influence. The agriculture impacts strongly the quantity and the quality of freshwaters and influences the salinity and the quality of coastal waters needed by the oyster culture. In the context of 2 projects dealing with ICZM (EU Spicosa project, Respireau), we focused on the environmental assessment of spatialised scenarios of changes in agriculture. Different methods of clustering and data analysis were used to define a relevant typology of spatial units on the area. Combined with an analysis of agricultural practices based on …

Management Of Agricultural Nitrogen Losses In European Landscapes: An Ecosystem Modelling Case Study, Tommy Dalgaard, Nick Hutchings, C. Kjeldsen

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Management of Nitrogen (N) losses and the related greenhouse gas emissions is one of the most important environmental issues related to agriculture. This paper shows examples of an integrated model tool, developed to quantify the N-dynamics at the complex interface between agriculture and the environment, and quantify effects of different management practices. Based on results from the EU funded research projects NitroEurope (www.NitroEurope.eu) and MEA-scope (www.MEA-scope.org), examples from the quantification of farm N-losses in European agricultural landscapes are demonstrated. The dynamic whole farm model FASSET (www.FASSET.dk), and the Farm-N tool ( www.farm-N.dk/FarmNTool) are used to calculate farm N balances, and …

The Use Of Experts’ Judgements To Assess Agri- Environmental Policies In The Venice Lagoon Watershed: A Bayesian Network Approach, Carpani Marta

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Expert elicitation processes are increasingly applied in environmental management, to deal with complex phenomena characterised by lack or scarcity of data. Information obtained from carefully defined elicitation protocols can overcome uncertainty limits and support decision-making processes. The work illustrates the potentials of an innovative methodological framework, built upon the integrated use of specific tools, such as cognitive maps and Bayesian networks (BNs). The methodology was applied to the Venice Lagoon Watershed (VLW) case study, to assess agri-environmental measures, adopted to reduce nitrogen diffuse pollution of water. The framework consisted of two main phases, both built upon processes eliciting judgments from …

Modelling Scenarios Of Agriculture Changes On Freshwater Uses And Water Quality At A Large Watershed Scale – The Case Of The Charente Watershed (France), Françoise Vernier, Paul Bordenave, Marie Chavent, Odile Leccia, Kevin Petit

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The Charente River Basin (10 000 km2) is linked to the Pertuis Charentais Sea by a large tidal influence. The agriculture impacts strongly the quantity and the quality of freshwaters and influences the salinity and the quality of coastal waters needed by the oyster culture. In the context of 2 projects dealing with ICZM (EU Spicosa project, Respireau), we focused on the environmental assessment of spatialised scenarios of changes in agriculture. Different methods of clustering and data analysis were used to define a relevant typology of spatial units on the area. Combined with an analysis of agricultural practices based on …

Climate Change Impact On Agriculture: Devils Lake Basin, Andrei Kirilenko

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Northern Great Plains is one of the most important agricultural regionsworldwide. This is also a region expected to be heavily impacted by climate change. Thisand two other papers in this session concentrate on studying climate change impacts onwater resources of the region, and on the impacts of these changes on agriculture. Themajor focus of our interest is Devils Lake watershed in North Dakota. The watershed islocated in the Northern Great Plains, the area where intensive agriculture has caused anextreme change in land use and land cover, followed by substantial water pollution. DevilsLake is an endorheic (terminal) lake, which makes it …

Cmls94 Trends On Water Risk Contamination By Pesticide At Two Field Crops Over Areas Of Aquifers At Amazon And Southeast Regions, Brazil, Maria Conceição Peres Young Pessoa, Ricardo De Oliveira Figueiredo, Sonia Claudia Nascimento De Queiroz, Marco Antonio Ferreira Gomes, Anderson Soares Pereira, Eduardo Jorge Maklouf Carvalho, Vera Lucia Ferracini, Manoel Dornelas De Souza, Lilianne Maia Lima, Fábio Monteiro Cruz

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The absence of strategies for sustainable use and management of hydric resources is probably the main reason of several negative environmental impacts. Among them we can point out the inadequate use of pesticides on crop fields located over vulnerable areas. Due to this, the assessment of water risk contamination potential in aquifers has extreme importance to drive practices in order to reduce undesirable contaminations. In the present work we use CMLS-94 simulator to evaluate the vertical movement of pesticides through soils in agricultural catchments over areas of aquifers in Brazil. 2-4D acid, dimethoate, prochloraz, methamidophos and carbendazim applied in yellow …

The Use Of Experts’ Judgements To Assess Agri- Environmental Policies In The Venice Lagoon Watershed: A Bayesian Network Approach, Carpani Marta

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Expert elicitation processes are increasingly applied in environmental management, to deal with complex phenomena characterised by lack or scarcity of data. Information obtained from carefully defined elicitation protocols can overcome uncertainty limits and support decision-making processes. The work illustrates the potentials of an innovative methodological framework, built upon the integrated use of specific tools, such as cognitive maps and Bayesian networks (BNs). The methodology was applied to the Venice Lagoon Watershed (VLW) case study, to assess agri-environmental measures, adopted to reduce nitrogen diffuse pollution of water. The framework consisted of two main phases, both built upon processes eliciting judgments from …

Evaluating Climate Suitability For Agriculture In Switzerland, A. Holzkämper, P. Calanca, J. Fuhrer

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

With climate change increased water shortage and extreme weather eventsduring the cropping season may cause more frequent crop loss, yield instability, and makecultivated areas less suitable for traditional crops. In order to develop long-term agriculturalpolicies, planners need to understand the likely impacts of climate change on the climatesuitability for different cultivation types. Agroclimatic indices have great potential tocommunicate the impacts of climate change. However, each metric only represents aspecific aspect of climate that may or may not be relevant for the growth of a certain croptype. To guide planners and policy makers, different indices have to be aggregated in acomprehensible …

Cmls94 Trends On Water Risk Contamination By Pesticide At Two Field Crops Over Areas Of Aquifers At Amazon And Southeast Regions, Brazil, Maria Conceição Peres Young Pessoa, Ricardo De Oliveira Figueiredo, Sonia Claudia Nascimento De Queiroz, Marco Antonio Ferreira Gomes, Anderson Soares Pereira, Eduardo Jorge Maklouf Carvalho, Vera Lucia Ferracini, Manoel Dornelas De Souza, Lilianne Maia Lima, Fábio Monteiro Cruz

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The absence of strategies for sustainable use and management of hydric resources is probably the main reason of several negative environmental impacts. Among them we can point out the inadequate use of pesticides on crop fields located over vulnerable areas. Due to this, the assessment of water risk contamination potential in aquifers has extreme importance to drive practices in order to reduce undesirable contaminations. In the present work we use CMLS-94 simulator to evaluate the vertical movement of pesticides through soils in agricultural catchments over areas of aquifers in Brazil. 2-4D acid, dimethoate, prochloraz, methamidophos and carbendazim applied in yellow …

Effect Of High School Completion Of The Agricultural Education Program On The Rate Of Return On Investment For The Commonwealth Of Virginia, Phillip Scott Bevins

STEMPS Theses & Dissertations

This research study sought to determine the effect high school completion of the agricultural career and technical education program has on the rate of return on investment by public schools in Virginia. The research questions guiding this study included: (1) Were students able to find employment related to the agricultural career and technical education program they completed, (2) What federal and state funding was allocated for students participating in the agricultural career and technical education programs in the state of Virginia, (3) Was there a significant level of tax revenues generated by incomes from those who participated in the agricultural …

A Forward-Looking Commentary: China's Agricultural Development, Priya A. Roy

Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective

This paper describes China's agricultural development before the reform period from institutional, economic, and ideological perspectives; the reform period; the 11th 5-year plan; and the current situation. The paper gives two case examples of the Soviet Union and India. Finally, the paper ends with a discussion of what this means for China.

Agricultural Insurances Based On Meteorological Indices: Realizations, Methods And Research Agenda, Antoine Leblois, Philippe Quirion

Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei Working Papers

In many low-income countries, agriculture is mostly rain-fed and yields highly depend on climatic factors. Furthermore, farmers have little access to traditional crop insurance, which suffers from high information asymmetry and transaction costs. Insurances based on meteorological indices could fill this gap since they do not face such drawbacks. However their implementation has been slow so far. In this article, we first describe the most advanced projects that have taken place in developing countries using these types of crop insurances. We then describe the methodology that has been used to design such projects, in order to choose the meteorological index, …

Agricultural Resources Available To Women Of Arusha, Tanzania, Travis Barnett

Agribusiness

Paper includes prior research and background about gender inequality and a woman's role in African society. Research documents agriculturally related resources available to women living in Arusha, Tanzania. Research documents agricultural, educational and financial resources provided by Non Government Organizations (NGO's) and Farm Systems Research (FSR) headquarters. Also includes documentation of societal and geographical resources, such as crop production and market locations and times within the Arusha region.

Analysis Of Integrating Solar Power At Cal Poly's On-Campus Dairy Operation, Kyle Wayne Wright

Agribusiness

This study was performed to determine the feasibility of integrating a full offset solar power unit at Cal Poly’s dairy operation. The dairy is relatively small, with four hundred cows and only two hundred mature milking cows. The dairy’s average annual electricity use is approximately 330,000-kilowatt hours. Based on the size and annual electricity demand, REC Solar, a local solar power company, was able to determine that a 216-kilowatt system would be necessary to meet the electricity demands.

In order to develop an accurate study, governmental grants, rebates and incentives were researched. These forms of aid would provide financial support …

Hydroponic Production: An Educational Dvd For High School Agricultural Education, Lindy Mattice, Chelsey Brown

Agricultural Education and Communication

The purpose of this project was to create an educational video based upon hydroponic farming. It was created for agricultural educators, in hope high school agricultural teachers would show it in their classrooms. The goal was for students to be able to see a commercial style hydroponic system, and to understand the basic concepts of operation. The video was intended to be supplemented with additional printed information on alternative farming methods. It was not intended to be a sole source of information, but should instead be used to enhance the learning environment for students.

The survey of local high school …

The Homestead: Revisited, Christopher William Kramer

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

This paper discusses ideas for harmony on 100 acres in mid-eastern New York. Problems leading to this research include the depletion of resources from irresponsible energy use and profit-driven industrial agriculture; dependency on fossil fuels and centralized energy; and lack of connection between people within communities, with their environment, and with sources of food and water. It is feared that sustainable, resilience building practices that nourished generations throughout history are being neglected. This specific application provides depth and concreteness to the discussion and planning process. Resources including books, maps, reports, and periodicals were integrated to select the site and plan …

The Economic Importance Of Draught Oxen On Small Farms In Namibia's Eastern Caprivi Region, Andrew B. Conroy, Mogos Yakob Teweldmehidin

Natural Resources & the Environment

The main aim of this study was to analyse and document the value of smallholder farmers’ use of Draught Animal Power (DAP) systems in the Eastern Caprivi Region and to test the economic viability of DAP usage versus using tractors. This study applied Rapid Rural Appraisal techniques (RRA), including a survey. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 312 farmers at their farms and data was gathered on the use of and economics related to the draught animal power system. Crop enterprise budgets, project reports, expert opinions and group discussions were analysed. The research found that the use of animal power performs …

Evaluation Of Semiochemical Strategies For The Protection Of Whitebark Pine Stands Against Mountain Pine Beetle Attack Within The Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, Greta Katherine Schen-Langenheim

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

High-dose verbenone, verbenone plus nonhost volatiles (NHVs), and both semiochemicals in combination with aggregant-baited funnel traps were tested for stand- level protection against mountain pine beetle attack for two consecutive years (2004-2005) at three seral high elevation whitebark pine sites in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. In 2004, two 0.25-hectare treatments comprised of 25 high-dose verbenone pouches or verbenone pouches combined with single baited funnel traps were tested in a push-pull strategy. In 2005, 25 high-dose verbenone and 25 NHV pouches, or verbenone and NHV in combination with baited funnel trap clusters were tested. In both years, treatments were compared to …

Physiological And Molecular Function Of Hap3b In Flowering Time Regulation And Cold Stress Response, Mingxiang Liang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Heme-activated proteins (HAPs) are transcription factors that have multiple roles in plant growth and development, such as embryogenesis, flowering time control, and drought tolerance.

In the present study I found that HAP3b was also involved in controlling response to cold stress. Transcript profiling and gene expression analyses indicated that HAP3b repressed the CBF3 regulon under normal growth conditions. As a result, plants with HAP3b-overexpressed showed decreased survival rates while plants homozygous for the null allele hap3b showed an improved freezing tolerance compared to wild-type plants.

To understand the mechanism of HAP3b in Arabidopsis, i.e. whether it also acts …

The Influence Of Collective Action And Policy In The Development Of Local Food Systems, Lori Porreca

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The modern global agrifood system has had significant negative impacts on consumers and producers. This has precipitated the rise of local food systems that are purported to improve the health and livelihoods of consumers and producers. High expectations have led to significant public and private resources dedicated to the development of local food systems. Despite this, there has been little systematic research exploring the social and institutional conditions that facilitate or frustrate local food system development.

Using a comparative case study approach, this study explored the ways local structural conditions, collective action, food system policies, and the political context affect …

That Dame's Got Grit: Selling The Women's Land Army, Pamela Jo Pierce

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This thesis analyzes the marketing of the Women's Land Army (WLA) using archival sources. I explore how farmerettes, the name given to WLA members, used their patriotic work on the farm as a means of redefining femininity and interrogating the definition of "true womanhood." "That Dame's Got Grit" discusses how the WLA was sold in World War I and World War II. The first chapter describes the press book used to market Little Comrade, a 1919 film about a fashionable farmerette. The theme of uniforms, an idea that weaves throughout the thesis, emerges strongly in this chapter. "A Seductive …