Digital Commons Network^™

Missing From The Miracle: Microcredit And Urban Market Women In Bolivia, Stephanie L. Small

Honors Theses

On an organizational level supporting the success story of microcredit allows banks to profit, as seen with BancoSol. It allows organizations to continue to receive funding, as seen with FIE. It allows NGOs to simplify the problem of poverty to one of lack of credit and personal ignorance. By doing so, NGOs can maintain training programs which place the client at fault for her poverty, as seen in ProMujer. They appeal to a common sense understanding of poverty and its causes and as a result, continue to receive the necessary funding. The Journal of Commerce is a 170 year old …

Striking The Rock: Confronting Gender Equality In South Africa, Penelope E. Andrews

Michigan Journal of Race and Law

This Article analyzes the status of women's rights in the newly democratic South Africa. It examines rights guaranteed in the Constitution and conflicts between the principle of gender equality and the recognition of indigenous law and institutions. The Article focuses on the South African transition to democracy and the influence that feminist agitation at the international level has had on South African women's attempts at political organization. After dissecting the historical position of customary law in South Africa and questioning its place in the new democratic regime. The author argues that, although South African women have benefited from the global …

Cultivating Empire: The Gardens Women Write, Dorothy L. Jones

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

Western culture invests gardens with powerful, if ambivalent symbolism. They invite us to commune with nature while delighting in how human hands have guided and controlled it. The Old Testament locates the origin of human life in a garden which simultaneously represents paradise and paradise lost. Paradise, whether on earth or in heaven, is, in Christian tradition, frequently represented as a walled garden with hardship and evil fenced out. But this is a double-sided image invoking both sexual wantonness and chastity, for gardens are also associated with the beauty and desirability of the female body. Because Eve's seductiveness was held …

The Impact Of An Integrated Micro-Credit Programme On Women's Empowerment And Fertility Behavior In Rural Bangladesh, Fiona Steele, Sajeda Amin, Ruchira Tabassum Naved

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This paper examines the impact of participation in women’s savings and credit groups organized by Save the Children USA on women’s empowerment, contraceptive use, and fertility in a rural area of Bangladesh. The data are drawn from a panel survey conducted in 1993, shortly before the groups were formed, and in 1995 after interventions began. This quasi-experimental design enables us to identify the characteristics of women who chose to join savings groups. The findings show that those who joined tend to more educated and more socially independent than are women who did not. Thus, to control for selection bias, preintervention …

Country Profile Of Women's Health And Development In Indonesia, Population Council

Reproductive Health

The “Country Profile of Women’s Health and Development in Indonesia” contains a thorough review of the following: Geographical, Political, Socio-Demographic, and Economic Profile of Indonesia; Status of Women; and Women’s Health Status. In view of the complexity of the problems facing women, the document concludes that Indonesia needs a plan for the future with a gender perspective that prioritizes increased life expectancy, legal protection, and empowerment for women. To reach this goal, Indonesia started by ratifying the Convention on the Elimination of All forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) and set it into law in 1984. This convention, together with …

Feminism And Defending Men On Death Row Symposium: Thoughts On Death Penalty Issues 25 Years After Furman V. Georgia., Phyllis L. Crocker

St. Mary's Law Journal

In this Essay I explore the relationship between being a feminist and representing men on death row. It is appropriate to engage in this inquiry in considering how the law has developed in the twenty-five years since Furman v. Georgia. During that time both Furman and the advent of feminist legal theory have required a restructuring in the way we think about two fundamental legal questions: for death penalty jurisprudence, how and why we sentence individuals to death; and for feminist jurisprudence, how the law views crimes of violence against women. The relationship between these two developments becomes apparent when …

How Do You Do Your Rage? : A Qualitative Investigation Into Contemporary Women's Experience Of Their Rage, Verena Homberger

Theses : Honours

Feminist researchers investigate women’s lives. This project is looking at a tiny thread embedded in a small section in the huge fabric of women's lives. The section is women’s capacity for violence, and the thread within it is women’s rage. This is a qualitative study of contemporary women experiencing and expressing their anger and rage. Discussions of violence within feminist literature have been largely restricted to accounts of male violence against women and children, and may have inadvertently endorsed the mainstream construction of femininity, which perceives rage in women to be an inappropriate emotion. In this project, I argue that …

The Wage Gap Between Men And Women Is Narrowing: Fact Or Fiction, Tabatha A. White

Theses

This thesis will focus on the study of how "traditionally female" and "traditionally male" occupations impact the wage gap between men and women. It will also touch on how the wage gap has been decreasing throughout the years.

There has been considerable debate and controversy regarding the issue of wage discrimination between men and women particularly with regard to women working in male dominated occupations. Some researchers believe that the wage gap between men and women has been declining because of an increase in women's education and experience, whereas, some researchers believe it has been declining because of the decrease …

Integrating Rti Service With Primary Health Care, Population Council

Reproductive Health

The reproductive health (RH) movement worldwide has brought reproductive tract infections (RTIs) under sharp focus as an urgent health need of women. While RTIs are preventable or treatable, they are often the cause of infertility, ectopic pregnancy, cervical cancer, fetal loss, low birth-weight infants, infant blindness, and neonatal pneumonia. The adverse health effects of RTIs, particularly STIs, is much higher for women than men. Recent research has demonstrated that RTIs are closely linked to other areas of health care like family planning (FP), safe motherhood, child survival, and HIV prevention. Hence, each could significantly contribute to the reduction and control …

Are Schools Teaching Girls To Be Leaders?, Amy L. Schollin

Honors Theses

Are schools teaching girls to be leaders? My belief is that we must examine issues concerning our young women, their educational experiences, opportunities they are offered, people they are exposed to and their life in school. There appears to be a lack of emphasis on leadership and women. Without addressing this issue in the early stages of a young girl's development, we will continue to feed the notion that male standards are the norm, My initial question is intended to generate an in depth look at the impact of teachers, curriculum, students and the environment on the development of leadership …

Women And The Promise Of Equal Citizenship, Jennifer S. Hendricks

Publications

Anticipating the decision in United States v. Morrison (2000), holding that the civil rights remedy of the Violence Against Women Act was not a legitimate exercise of Congress's power to enforce the Equal Protection Clause, this article argues that the Act could be upheld as an exercise of Congress's authority under the Citizenship Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Congress's authority under the Citizenship Clause is analogous to its authority under the "badges and incidents" doctrine of the Thirteenth Amendment, which allows Congress to provide protection from discriminatory violence. This theory would also guide interpretation of the act to focus on …

The Emerging Female Hero In The Fiction Of Alice Walker, Ntozake Shange, Ursula Le Guin, And Barbara Kingsolver., Rebecca S. Phillips

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Novels written by Alice Walker, Ntozake Shange, Ursula Le Guin, and Barbara Kingsolver between 1971 and 1993 demonstrate a pattern of female heroism that both continues and revises the male monomyth as described by Joseph Campbell. The motifs these women's novels share with the traditional monomyth include: (1) the quest itself; (2) mysterious parentage; (3) the magical guide; (4) the slaying of the monster; (5) the boon; (6) (sometimes) the sacred marriage and the return. The elements either unique to the female quest or containing a different emphasis from the monomyth are: (1) enclosure in a patriarchal system; (2) naming …

The History Of Women In The Virginia General Assembly : Their Legislation, Support Groups And Leadership, Tiffany Morris

Honors Theses

The study of women and politics and their involvement throughout American history has lacked depth and consistency. While the changing role of women during the 1960's spurred many political changes, it was not until the second wave of the feminist movement. which was in a political activist direction, that the status of women in politics became a legitimate topic of academic study (Milano 5). The intention of this paper is to study the history of women in the Virginia General Assembly in terms of their leadership, legislation. and the impact of women's network groups on their political success. I hope …

Fostering Flowers: Women, Landscape And The Psychodynamics Of Gender In 19th Century Australia, Pamela Hodge

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

It is said that when the Sphinx was carved into the bedrock of Egypt it had the head as well as the body of Sekhmet lioness Goddess who presided over the rise and fall of the Nile, and that only much later was the head recarved to resemble a male pharaoh. Simon Schama considered the 'making over' of Mount Rushmore to resemble America's Founding Fathers constituted 'the ultimate colonisation of nature by culture … a distinctly masculine obsession (expressing) physicality, materiality and empirical externality,… a rhetoric of humanity's uncontested possession of nature. It would be comforting to think that, although …

Industrial Development In Indonesia, Development For Whom?: A Case Study Of Women Who Work In Factories In Rural West Java, Peter J. Hancock

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This research was conducted in order to address two major research questions: 1) To what extent and in what ways are a cohort of female factory workers in Sundanese West Java influential in the cultural, social and economic development of the geographic area in which they live and more specifically within their own households? 2) To what extent does the Indonesian state support or inhibit such development? In order to answer these and other secondary research questions I conducted qualitative and quantitative research. I used a theoretical framework which directed the methodology, questionnaires and both qualitative and quantitative data was …

Self-Esteem And Alcohol Involvement Among Female College Students: Is There A Relationship?, Marla Stephanie Slack

Theses

Although current research has studied t he relationship between self-esteem and alcohol involvement among college students, the results have been inconclusive. The majority of studies have used either the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory or the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale to establish the level of self-esteem in their subjects. This study attempted to further previous research by using an alternative measure of self-esteem. Undergraduate female students (under the legal drinking age of 21) were randomly selected from Introductory Psychology classes at a midwestern university. Each subject completed the Self- Esteem Rating Scale (SERS) and the Index of Alcohol Involvement (IAI ) instrument . …

Redirecting The Debate Over Trafficking In Women: Definitions, Paradigms, And Contexts, Janie Chuang

Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals

No abstract provided.

Women, The Law, And Cults: Three Avenues Of Legal Recourse: New Rape Laws, Violence Against Women Act, And Antistalking Laws, Robin A. Boyle

Faculty Publications

The author examines three avenues of legal recourse that are available to society at large, but may not be well-known to women in cults, their families, and their potential mental health providers. These avenues for recourse are improved rape laws now available in every state; recently-enacted federal legislation -- the 1994 Violence Against Women Act; and recently-enacted state and federal antistalking laws. The author developed this article from her speech delivered at the annual American Family Foundation conference on May 30, 1997, in Philadelphia, PA.

My Career As A Chocolatier, Ann Bartow

Ann Bartow

This essay is a first-hand account of experience in a world that many in the legal profession have never glimpsed. Not the typical law journal fare, it neither espouses nor condemns a legal position. Although this piece provides commentary on employment law issues facing factory workers, it also attempts to provide insight into the working conditions of many American women.