Digital Commons Network^™

Traffic-Related Pollution Exposure Assessment Of Fulton County And Atlanta Public Schools (K-12) In Proximity To Major Highways And Expressways, David Carter

Public Health Theses

ABSTRACT

ROSS CARTER

Traffic-related Pollution Exposure Assessment of Fulton County and Atlanta Public Schools (K-12) in Proximity to Major Highways and Expressways

Background: A number of studies have linked traffic-related pollutant exposures to asthma in children. Health conditions such as asthma can contribute to school absenteeism and missed learning opportunities as well as place a major burden on health resources. Although children spend a significant amount of time in school, few states have adopted school siting policies that prevent the placement of schools near major highways. Furthermore, schools often fail to take appropriate steps (e.g. adequate HVAC and air filters) …

An Examination Of The Differences In Risk Factors And Their Association With Variations In Hiv Prevalence Between Cameroon, Coted'ivoire, And Senegal, Lea Accalogoun

Public Health Theses

ABSTRACT

An Examination of the Differences in Risk Factors and their Association with Variations in HIV Prevalence between Cameroon, Cote d’Ivoire, and Senegal

(Under the direction of RICHARD ROTHENBERG, M.D., M.P.H. FACULTY

MEMBER)

Background: Extensive evidence suggests there are large variations in the prevalence of HIV infection among Sub-Saharan African countries. Some studies associated these variations in HIV prevalence to differences in the rate of HIV spread while others attributed the variations to risky sexual behaviors. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in risk factors for HIV infection between Cameroon, Cote d’Ivoire, and Senegal, to determine …

Estimating The Incidence Of Japanese Encephalitis In Divisions Of Bangladesh, Craig Michael Rothenberg

Public Health Theses

Japanese Encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito-borne viral disease responsible for 30,000 to 50,000 reported cases and up to 15,000 reported deaths every year. The disease is a significant public health concern in Bangladesh, but there is no regular surveillance or immunization for JE in the country. The objective of this study is to determine whether a practical model to estimate the incidence of JE in Bangladesh can be developed using data on population, environmental characteristics, and/or vector distribution for JE-endemic countries in Asia and the Western Pacific. Information on JE incidence, area, land cover, climate, population characteristics, land elevation, and …

Hpv Vaccine Effectiveness In New Haven County, Connecticut Women Age 18-39, 2008-2012, Jennifer Lynn Berry

Public Health Theses

Background: HPV vaccines have demonstrated high efficacy in clinical trials against cervical lesions and infections by HPV vaccine types 16 and 18. Together these two types are responsible for approximately 70% of cervical cancer. Data on HPV vaccine effectiveness in general populations is limited.

Methods: Surveillance data monitoring high-grade cervical lesions in Connecticut was used. Medical records were reviewed and patients were interviewed to ascertain HPV vaccine history. Patients' biopsy specimens were typed to determine the presence of vaccine or non-vaccine type HPV. Odds ratios were determined using logistic regression, adjusting for age at diagnosis, grade of cervical lesion, race/ethnicity, …

Geospatial Analysis Of Violent Crime And Premature Mortality From Chd, Sarah Elise Conderino

Public Health Theses

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States and many of these deaths are preventable. Studies have shown that neighborhood-level characteristics may contribute to health outcomes, but no study has yet examined whether neighborhood crime contributes to early mortality from CVD.

Objective: We examined geographic trends in the association between neighborhood crime rates and premature mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD) using New Haven, CT USA as a model city.

Methods: Neighborhoods in New Haven were established by existing census tracts. CHD deaths were identified from the Connecticut Master Death Files and violent crime …