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The Association Between Intimate Partner Violence And Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders And Symptoms Among Adult Women: Systematic Review, Ohud Banjar, Marilyn Ford-Gilboe, Carol Wong, Deanna Befus, Bayan Alilyyani

Paediatrics Publications

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) and symptoms have been identified as possible health consequences of intimate partner violence (IPV). However, whether specific types of abuse (i.e., psychological, physical and sexual) are associated with FGIDs and the implications of FGIDs for women’s quality of life (QOL) in the context of IPV are not well understood. This systematic review examined the association between the different types of IPV and the risk of FGIDs and symptoms among adult women and assessed the impact of FGIDs and symptoms on women’s QOL. Seven electronic databases were searched using the following criteria: English language studies of adult …

Evaluating Evidence-Based Content, Features Of Exercise Instruction, And Expert Involvement In Physical Activity Apps For Pregnant Women: Systematic Search And Content Analysis, Melanie J. Hayman, Kristie Lee Alfrey, Kim Waters, Summer Cannon, Gregore I. Mielke, Shelley E. Keating, Gabriela P. Mena, Michelle F. Mottola, Kelly R. Plint

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Guidelines for physical activity and exercise during pregnancy recommend that all women without contraindications engage in regular physical activity to improve both their own health and the health of their baby. Many women are uncertain how to safely engage in physical activity and exercise during this life stage and are increasingly using mobile apps to access health-relatedinformation. However, the extent to which apps that provide physical activity and exercise advice align with current evidence-based pregnancy recommendations is unclear. Objective: This study aims to conduct a systematic search and content analysis of apps that promote physical activity and exercise in …

Myasthenia Gravis In Pregnancy: Systematic Review And Case Series, Harrison Banner, Kirsten M. Niles, Michelle Ryu, Mathew Sermer, Vera Bril, Kellie E. Murphy

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease which can impact pregnancy. Methods: Six databases were systematically searched for studies with at least five subjects reporting pregnancy outcomes for women with myasthenia gravis in pregnancy. Assessment of bias was performed for all included studies. Forty-eight cases from our own centre were also included in the analysis. Results: In total, 32 publications met inclusion criteria for systematic review, for a total of 33 unique data sets including 48 cases from our institution. Outcome data was available for 824 pregnancies. Spontaneous vaginal delivery occurred in 56.3% of pregnancies. Overall risk of myasthenia gravis …

Measuring Early Childhood Educators’ Physical Activity And Sedentary Behavior–Related Self-Efficacy: A Systematic Review Of Tools, Monika Szpunar, Brianne Bruijns, Patricia Tucker

Paediatrics Publications

Early childhood educators’ (ECEs) self-efficacy is often predictive of their ability and likelihood of promoting healthy activity behaviors in childcare settings. To date, ECEs’ physical activity and sedentary behavior–related self-efficacy has been measured in a variety of ways in childcare-based research, creating difficulty when comparing across studies. To identify the different approaches ECEs’ self-efficacy is assessed, the current study aimed to compare all existing tools that quantitatively measure physical activity and sedentary behavior–related self-efficacy of pre- and in-service ECEs. Seven online databases were searched for original, peer-reviewed, English-written journal articles. Articles were deemed eligible if they employed a tool which …

Family Presence During Resuscitation In Paediatric And Neonatal Cardiac Arrest: A Systematic Review, Katie N. Dainty, Dianne L. Atkins, Jan Breckwoldt, Ian Maconochie, Steve M. Schexnayder, Markus B. Skrifvars, Janice Tijssen, Jonathan Wyllie, Marie Furuta

Paediatrics Publications

Context: Parent/family presence at pediatric resuscitations has been slow to become consistent practice in hospital settings and has not been universally implemented. A systematic review of the literature on family presence during pediatric and neonatal resuscitation has not been previously conducted. Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the published evidence related to family presence during pediatric and neonatal resuscitation. Data sources: Six major bibliographic databases was undertaken with defined search terms and including literature up to June 14, 2020. Study selection: 3200 titles were retrieved in the initial search; 36 ultimately included for review. Data extraction: Data was double …

A Core Outcome Set For Studies Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prevention And Treatment, Aoife M Egan, Delia Bogdanet, Tomás P Griffin, Oratile Kgosidialwa, Mila Cervar-Zivkovic, Eugene Dempsey, John Allotey, Fernanda Alvarado, Cheril Clarson, Shamil D Cooray, Harold W De Valk, Sander Galjaard, Mary R Loeken, Michael J A Maresh, Angela Napoli, Paula M O'Shea, Ewa Wender-Ozegowska, Mireille N M Van Poppel, Shakila Thangaratinam, Caroline Crowther, Linda M Biesty, Declan Devane, Fidelma P Dunne

Paediatrics Publications

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this systematic review was to develop core outcome sets (COSs) for trials evaluating interventions for the prevention or treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

METHODS: We identified previously reported outcomes through a systematic review of the literature. These outcomes were presented to key stakeholders (including patient representatives, researchers and clinicians) for prioritisation using a three-round, e-Delphi study. A priori consensus criteria informed which outcomes were brought forward for discussion at a face-to-face consensus meeting where the COS was finalised.

RESULTS: Our review identified 74 GDM prevention and 116 GDM treatment outcomes, which were presented to stakeholders …

Physical Activity And Sedentary Time Among Preschoolers In Centre-Based Childcare: A Systematic Review 11 Medical And Health Sciences 1117 Public Health And Health Services, Kathleen T. O'Brien, Leigh M. Vanderloo, Brianne A. Bruijns, Stephanie Truelove, Patricia Tucker

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Many preschoolers spend a substantial portion of their day enrolled in centre-based childcare; the amounts of physical activity and sedentary time accumulated in this environment are critical to preschoolers' ability to meet movement guidelines. The purpose of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive overview of the objectively assessed physical activity and sedentary time of preschoolers in centre-based childcare (registration no. CRD42016033502). Methods: Eight online databases were searched using terms related to physical activity, sedentary time, preschoolers and centre-based childcare. Published, peer-reviewed primary studies written in English that objectively assessed (via accelerometry) the physical activity and sedentary time …

Physical Activity Self-Management Interventions For Adults With Spinal Cord Injury: Part 2 – Exploring The Generalizability Of Findings From Research To Practice, Shauna M. Burke, Jennifer R. Tomasone, Natalie V. Scime, Jasmin K. Ma, Samantha M. Harden, Dalton L. Wolfe

Paediatrics Publications

Despite the benefits associated with regular participation in physical activity, individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) remain insufficiently active. The ability to self-manage participation may increase physical activity levels, but only if self-management interventions can be implemented in the ‘real world’. The purpose of this review was to examine the degree to which authors of published studies of LTPA self-management interventions for individuals with SCI have reported on factors that could increase the likelihood of translating this research into practice. A systematic search of five databases was conducted, yielding 33 eligible studies representing 31 interventions. Each intervention was assessed using …

Electrical Stimulation Therapy For The Treatment Of Pressure Ulcers In Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Deena Lala, Sandi J. Spaulding, Shauna M. Burke, Pamela E. Houghton

Paediatrics Publications

To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of electrical stimulation therapy (EST) on healing pressure ulcers in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). CINAHL, The Cochrane Library, PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Nursing & Allied Health and Dissertation & Theses databases were searched for relevant English language articles from the date of inception to 31 January 2014. Separate searches were conducted in Google Scholar and academic journals specialised in wound care. Two reviewers independently assessed study eligibility. Studies were included if EST was used to treat pressure ulcers in individuals with SCI. A total of 599 articles were screened, …

Methodology For Knowledge Synthesis Of The Management Of Vaccination Pain And Needle Fear, Anna Taddio, C. Meghan Mcmurtry, Vibhuti Shah, Eugene W. Yoon, Elizabeth Uleryk, Rebecca Pillai Riddell, Eddy Lang, Christine T. Chambers

Paediatrics Publications

Background: A knowledge synthesis was undertaken to inform the development of a revised and expanded clinical practice guideline about managing vaccination pain in children to include the management of pain across the lifespan and the management of fear in individuals with high levels of needle fear. This manuscript describes the methodological details of the knowledge synthesis and presents the list of included clinical questions, critical and important outcomes, search strategy, and search strategy results. Methods: The Grading of Assessments, Recommendations, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) and Cochrane methodologies provided the general framework. The project team voted on clinical questions for inclusion …

Pharmacological And Combined Interventions To Reduce Vaccine Injection Pain In Children And Adults Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Vibhuti Shah, Anna Taddio, C. Meghan Mcmurtry, Scott A. Halperin, Melanie Noel, Rebecca Pillai Riddell, Christine T. Chambers

Paediatrics Publications

Background: This systematic review assessed the effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy and combined interventions for reducing vaccine injection pain in individuals across the lifespan. Design/Methods: Electronic databases were searched for relevant randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials. Self-reported pain and fear as well as observer-rated distress were critically important outcomes. Data were combined using standardized mean difference (SMD) or relative risk with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Fifty-five studies that examined breastfeeding (which combines sweet-tasting solution, holding, and sucking), topical anesthetics, sweet-tasting solutions (sucrose, glucose), vapocoolants, oral analgesics, and combination of 2 versus 1 intervention were included. The following results report …

Procedural And Physical Interventions For Vaccine Injections Systematic Review Of Randomized Controlled Trials And Quasi-Randomized Controlled Trials, Anna Taddio, Vibhuti Shah, C. Meghan Mcmurtry, Noni E. Macdonald, Moshe Ipp, Rebecca Pillai Riddell, Melanie Noel, Christine T. Chambers, Johnston, H. Lochmuller, A. Mccormick, C. T. Nguyen, E. O'Ferrall, M. Oskoui, A. Abrahao, H. Briemberg, P. R. Bourque, S. Botez, N. Cashman, K. Chapman, N. Chrestian, M. Crone, P. Dobrowolski, S. Dojeiji, J. J. Dowling, N. Dupre

Paediatrics Publications

Background: This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of physical and procedural interventions for reducing pain and related outcomes during vaccination. Design/Methods: Databases were searched using a broad search strategy to identify relevant randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials. Data were extracted according to procedure phase (preprocedure, acute, recovery, and combinations of these) and pooled using established methods. Results: A total of 31 studies were included. Acute infant distress was diminished during intramuscular injection without aspiration (n=313): standardized mean difference (SMD) -0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.18, -0.46). Injecting the most painful vaccine last during vaccinations reduced acute infant distress (n=196): SMD …

Process Interventions For Vaccine Injections: Systematic Review Of Randomized Controlled Trials And Quasi-Randomized Controlled Trials, Rebecca Pillai Riddell, Anna Taddio, C. Meghan Mcmurtry, Vibhuti Shah, Melanie Noel, Christine T. Chambers, N. E. Macdonald, J. Rogers, L. Bucci, P. Mousmanis, E. Lang, S. A. Halperin, S. Bowles, C. Halpert, M. Ipp, G. J.G. Asmundson, M. Rieder, K. Robson, E. Uleryk, M. M. Antony, V. Dubey, A. Hanrahan, D. Lockett, J. Scott, E. Votta Bleeker

Paediatrics Publications

Background: This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of process interventions (education for clinicians, parent presence, education of parents [before and on day of vaccination], and education of patients on day of vaccination) on reducing vaccination pain, fear, and distress and increasing the use of interventions during vaccination. Design/Methods: Databases were searched using a broad search strategy to identify relevant randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials. Critical outcomes were pain, fear, distress (when applicable), and use of pain management interventions. Data were extracted according to procedure phase (preprocedure, acute, recovery, combinations of these) and pooled using established methods. Analyses were conducted using …

Psychological Interventions For Vaccine Injections In Children And Adolescents: Systematic Review Of Randomized And Quasi-Randomized Controlled Trials, Kathryn A. Birnie, Christine T. Chambers, Anna Taddio, C. Meghan Mcmurtry, Melanie Noel, Rebecca Pillai Riddell, Vibhuti Shah, N. E. Macdonald, J. Rogers, L. Bucci, E. Lang, P. Mousmanis, S. A. Halperin, S. Bowles, C. Halpert, M. Ipp, M. Rieder, K. Robson, G. J.G. Asmundson, E. Uleryk, M. Antony, D. Alexander, M. Appleton, V. Dubey, A. Hanrahan, D. Lockett

Paediatrics Publications

Background: This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of psychological interventions for reducing vaccination pain and related outcomes in children and adolescents. Design/Methods: Database searches identified relevant randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials. Data were extracted and pooled using established methods. Pain, fear, and distress were considered critically important outcomes. Results: Twenty-two studies were included; 2 included adolescents. Findings showed no benefit of false suggestion (n=240) for pain (standardized mean difference [SMD] -0.21 [-0.47, 0.05]) or distress (SMD -0.28 [-0.59, 0.11]), or for use of repeated reassurance (n=82) for pain (SMD -0.18 [-0.92, 0.56]), fear (SMD -0.18 [-0.71, 0.36]), or distress (SMD …

Psychological Interventions For Vaccine Injections In Young Children 0 To 3 Years: Systematic Review Of Randomized Controlled Trials And Quasi-Randomized Controlled Trials, Rebecca Pillai Riddell, Anna Taddio, C. Meghan Mcmurtry, Christine Chambers, Vibhuti Shah, Melanie Noel

Paediatrics Publications

Background: This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of distraction for reducing infant distress during vaccinations in young children aged 0 to 3 years. Design/Methods: Database searches identified relevant randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials. Three separate clinical questions related to variants of the psychological strategy of distraction (directed video; directed toy; nondirected toy) were pursued. Distress was identified as the critical outcome to assess the benefits of distraction and extracted from relevant trials. Distress was analyzed by phase of procedure (distress preprocedure; distress acute; distress recovery; idiosyncratic phases based on some or all of the 3 aforementioned phases). Results: Ten studies …

Simple Psychological Interventions For Reducing Pain From Common Needle Procedures In Adults: Systematic Review Of Randomized And Quasi-Randomized Controlled Trials, Katelynn E. Boerner, Kathryn A. Birnie, Christine T. Chambers, Anna Taddio, C. Meghan Mcmurtry, Melanie Noel, Vibhuti Shah, Rebecca Pillai Riddell, N. E. Macdonald, J. Rogers, L. Bucci, P. Mousmanis, E. Lang, S. A. Halperin, S. Bowles, C. Halpert, M. Ipp, G. J.G. Asmundson, M. Rieder, K. Robson, E. Uleryk, M. M. Antony, V. Dubey, A. Hanrahan, D. Lockett, J. Scott

Paediatrics Publications

Background: This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of simple psychological interventions for managing pain and fear in adults undergoing vaccination or related common needle procedures (ie, venipuncture/venous cannulation). Design/Methods: Databases were searched to identify relevant randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials. Self-reported pain and fear were prioritized as critically important outcomes. Data were combined using standardized mean difference (SMD) or relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: No studies involving vaccination met inclusion criteria; evidence was drawn from 8 studies of other common needle procedures (eg, venous cannulation, venipuncture) in adults. Two trials evaluating the impact of neutral signaling …

Helpinkids & Adults Knowledge Synthesis Of The Management Of Vaccination Pain And High Levels Of Needle Fear Limitations Of The Evidence And Recommendations For Future Research, Melanie Noel, Anna Taddio, C. Meghan Mcmurtry, Christine T. Chambers, Rebecca Pillai Riddell, Vibhuti Shah, N. E. Macdonald, J. Rogers, L. Bucci, P. Mousmanis, E. Lang, S. A. Halperin, S. Bowles, C. Halpert, M. Ipp, G. J.G. Asmundson, M. Rieder, K. Robson, E. Uleryk, M. M. Antony, V. Dubey, A. Hanrahan, D. Lockett, J. Scott, Bleeker E. Votta

Paediatrics Publications

The HELPinKids&Adults knowledge synthesis for the management of vaccination-related pain and high levels of needle fear updated and expanded upon the 2010 HELPinKIDS knowledge synthesis and clinical practice guideline for pain mitigation during vaccine injections in childhood. Interventions for vaccine pain management in adults and treatment of individuals with high levels of needle fear, phobias, or both were included, thereby broadening the reach of this work. The present paper outlines the overarching limitations of this diverse evidence base and provides recommendations for future research. Consistent with the framing of clinical questions in the systematic reviews, the Participants, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, …

Assessment Measures For Specific Language Impairment In Brazil: A Systematic Review, Alberto Filgueiras, Lisa M.D. Archibald, J. Landeira-Fernandez

Paediatrics Publications

Specific Language Impairment (SLI) is defined as an unexpected failure in linguistic abilities during a child's early years of development. Children with SLI do not present significant impairment in nonverbal intellectual outcomes and do not lack normal environmental exposure to language. Brazilian and worldwide researchers have sought to understand the cultural implications of SLI in the Brazilian Portuguese language. Standardized and validated measures must be used in empirical studies. The present study systematically reviewed the instruments used to assess linguistic abilities in quantitative SLI research in Brazil. Three databases were chosen: Medline, SciELO, and Google Scholar. From a total of …