Digital Commons Network^™

Federalism's Fallacy: The Early Tradition Of Federal Family Law And The Invention Of States' Rights, Kristin Collins

Faculty Scholarship

By examining the history of the federal government's role in the regulation of the family, this article joins the work of others who in recent years have begun to piece together the history of the federal government's role in crafting domestic relations law and policy.'⁸ Much of this attention has focused on federal involvement in domestic relations in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, with relatively less consideration given to the pre-Civil War period. Though recent contributions to this field have helped to cure this imbalance, ¹⁹ there remains a strong sense, especially among lawyers and judges, that …

"Tacking Too Close To The Wind": The Challenge To Prosecution Clinics To Set Our Students On A Straight Course, Stacy Caplow

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Prolegomenon To Any Future Administrative Law Course: Separation Of Powers And The Transcendental Deduction, Gary S. Lawson

Faculty Scholarship

Federal constitutional law has a way of worming itself into just about every crevice of the law school curriculum. Civil Procedure students grapple with the Due Process Clauses, Property students ponder the Takings Clause, and Torts students must reckon with issues of federal preemption and legislative power. But few courses outside the mainstream Constitutional Law curriculum require as much sustained attention to constitutional issues as does Administrative Law.' Administrative Law courses typically involve an extensive study of procedural due process.2 They also engage, at least peripherally, in some of the most fundamental and long-lived constitutional controversies in the law of …

Archibald Cox And The Genius Of Our Institutions In Memoriam - Celebration Of The Life Of Archibald, Larry Yackle

Faculty Scholarship

I am confident that historians will write that the trend of decisions during the 1950's and 1960's was in keeping with the mainstream ofAmerican history - a bit progressive but also moderate, a bit humane but not sentimental, a bit idealistic but seldom doctrinaire, and in the long run essentially pragmatic - in short, in keeping with the true genius of our institutions. 1 In the dedication of his classic work Democracy and Distrust2 to Chief Justice Earl Warren, the late John Hart Ely wrote "You don't need many heroes if you choose carefully." 3 For several generations of lawyers …

Civil Legal Needs Of Individuals In Drug Treatment, Ellen M. Weber, Rachel C. Grunberger, Kevin E. O'Grady, Amelia M. Arria

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Addressing Race Discrimination Under Title Vii After Forty Years: The Promise Of Adr As Interest-Convergence, Michael Z. Green

Faculty Scholarship

The thesis of this Essay is that litigation and legal enforcement strategies, including any new legislation that would force employers to address discrimination in the workplace, should no longer be the focus of civil rights activists. Instead, those seeking to root out race discrimination in the workplace must focus on including non-legal options such as alternative dispute resolution (ADR) activities. Any new strategies must address the concerns of workplace discrimination and the use of ADR in a way that merges those issues with the interests and incentives of employers. Derrick Bell has referred to the merger that forms when the …

The Milosevic Trial - Live: An Iconical Analysis Of International Law's Claim Of Legitimate Authority, Maya Steinitz

Faculty Scholarship

It has been argued that international law has recently "come of age", that it is a fully-fledged legal system like any other. It has also been argued that in order for a normative system to qualify as "law" it must, at the least, claim to possess legitimate authority and to be supreme to other normative systems. This article examines one highly visible development in international law - the criminal war trials - from a sociological perspective, trying to discern whether and how international law claims legitimate authority and supremacy. Specifically, it focuses on a deeply symbolic example of international criminal …

Eyes On The Prize: The Struggle For Professionalism, Nancy A. Welsh, Bobbi Mcadoo

Faculty Scholarship

Article Extract:

A mere fifteen years ago, the term mediation was confused regularly with meditation. Much has changed. The courts, frequently derided as overcrowded and expensive for individual litigants and the public, now rely on mediation to resolve cases and reduce dockets. Attorneys and judges are advocates; many have become mediators themselves.

Disputants generally express satisfaction with the process. It is not surprising that mediation-along with other ADR processes-has achieved institutionalization in the courts, public agencies and the private and nonprofit sectors.

We are now embarking on the next stage: professionalization. There are increasing references to "dispute professionals" or "professional …

Hadley V. Baxendale And Other Common Law Borrowings From The Civil Law, Wayne Barnes

Faculty Scholarship

In 1854, the English Exchequer Court delivered the landmark case of Hadley v. Baxendale. That case provided, for the first time in the common law, a defined rule regarding the limitations on recovery of damages for breach of contract. It has been widely celebrated as a landmark in the law of contracts, and more widely as a triumph of the common law system. A little over a decade after it was decided, it had already become highly regarded, for Chief Baron Pollock stated in 1866: “[A] more extensive and accurate knowledge of decisions in our law books, and a more …

Reconsidering The Commission’S Treatment Of Tribal Courts, Kevin Washburn

Faculty Scholarship

Since the U.S. Sentencing Commission first enacted the federal Sentencing Guidelines, the Guidelines have treated tribal courts in a manner that is impossible to reconcile with other modem federal policies of respect for tribal self-determination and self-governance. In refusing to count tribal convictions for purposes of routine calculation of criminal history, the Commission has disrespected tribal courts. The Commission's tribal courts policy is anachronistic and out of step with modem efforts to support tribal courts. The Commission should amend the guidelines to reflect the principle that misdemeanor convictions from tribal courts are entitled to the same level of respect as …

The Section 5 Power And The Rational Basis Standard Of Equal Protection, William D. Araiza

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

War, Crisis, And The Constitution, Sotirios A. Barber, James E. Fleming

Faculty Scholarship

Most recent discussion of the United States Constitution and war--both the war on terrorism and the war in Iraq--has been dominated by two diametrically opposed views: the alarmism of those who see many current policies as portending gross restrictions on American civil liberties, and the complacency of those who see these same policies as entirely reasonable accommodations to the new realities of national security. Whatever their contributions to the public discussion and policy-making processes, these voices contribute little to an understanding of the real constitutional issues raised by war. Providing the historical and legal context needed to assess competing claims, …

The Peculiar Challenges Posed By Latent Diseases Resulting From Mass Products, Donald G. Gifford

Faculty Scholarship

Legal actions against manufacturers of products that cause latent diseases, such as asbestos products, cigarettes, lead-pigment, and Agent Orange, are the signature torts of our time. Yet within this rather important subset of tort liability, it is unlikely that the imposition of liability actually results in loss prevention. Three factors, present in varying combinations in the context of latent diseases resulting from product exposure, frustrate the deterrent impact of liability. First, an extended period of time—sometimes decades—passes between the time of the manufacturer’s distribution of the product and the imposition of liability. Second, the accident compensation system frequently is unable …

Toward Flawlessness, Peter E. Quint

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Constitutionalism And Political Science: Imaginative Scholarship, Unimaginative Teaching, Mark A. Graber

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Virtual Worlds As Comparative Law, James Grimmelmann

Faculty Scholarship

What would happen if we took seriously the claims of virtual worlds to be genuinely new places? Societies have laws, so why should virtual societies be any different? My topic, then, will not be the law of virtual worlds, but rather law in virtual worlds. If lawyers can learn from studying the legal systems of common law and civil law countries, perhaps we can also learn from studying the legal systems of virtual worlds.

In some cases, these legal systems track our own surprisingly well. In other cases, the contrasts are striking. Both the similarities and differences between real-life law …

Derivatives And The Bankruptcy Code: Why The Special Treatment?, Franklin R. Edwards, Edward R. Morrison

Faculty Scholarship

The collapse of Long Term Capital Management (LTCM) in Fall 1998 and the Federal Reserve Bank's subsequent efforts to orchestrate a bailout raise important questions about the structure of the Bankruptcy Code. The Code contains numerous provisions affording special treatment to financial derivatives contracts, the most important of which exempts these contracts from the "automatic stay" and permits counterparties to terminate derivatives contracts with a debtor in bankruptcy and seize underlying collateral. No other counterparty or creditor of the debtor has such freedom; to the contrary, the automatic stay prohibits them from undertaking any act that threatens the debtor's assets. …

Whatever Happened To Law And Economics?, Anita Bernstein

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

An Analysis Of The Nypd's Stop-And-Frisk Policy In The Context Of Claims Of Racial Bias, Andrew Gelman, Alex Kiss, Jeffrey Fagan

Faculty Scholarship

Recent studies by police departments and researchers confirm that police stop racial and ethnic minority citizens more often than whites, relative to their proportions in the population. However, it has been argued stop rates more accurately reflect rates of crimes committed by each ethnic group, or that stop rates reflect elevated rates in specific social areas such as neighborhoods or precincts. Most of the research on stop rates and police-citizen interactions has focused on traffic stops, and analyses of pedestrian stops are rare. In this paper, we analyze data from 175,000 pedestrian stops by the New York Police Department over …

Hamdi Meets Youngstown: Justice Jackson's Wartime Security Jurisprudence And The Detention Of Enemy Combatants, Sarah H. Cleveland

Faculty Scholarship

More than any Justice who has sat on the United States Supreme Court, Associate Justice Robert H. Jackson explained how our Eighteenth Century Constitution – that "Eighteenth-Century sketch of a government hoped for" – struggles both to preserve fundamental liberties and to protect the nation against fundamental threats. Drawing upon his collective experience as a solo practitioner with only one year of formal legal education at Albany Law School; government tax and antitrust lawyer, Solicitor General, and Attorney General in the Roosevelt Administration; Associate Justice to the Supreme Court; and Representative and Chief of Counsel for the United States at …

The Simplification Of International Data Privacy Rules, Joel R. Reidenberg

Faculty Scholarship

The variation and complexity of national data privacy rules pose significant challenges for international data flows. Data protection laws range from ad hoc narrow legal rights, like those found in the United States, to comprehensive fair information practice statutes like those found in Europe. Because data processing frequently occurs across national borders, multiple data protection laws might apply simultaneously to international data flows. At the same time, data protection regimes may prohibit the circumvention of national standards by processing personal information at a foreign site. Global information processing thus presents a data controller with important burdens and obstacles related to …

Rights Myopia In Child Welfare, Clare Huntington

Faculty Scholarship

For decades, legal scholars have debated the proper balance of parents' rights and children's rights in the child welfare system. This Article argues that the debate mistakenly privileges rights. Neither parents' rights nor children's rights serve families well because, as implemented, a solely rights-based model of child welfare does not protect the interests of parents or children. Additionally, even if well-implemented, the model still would not serve parents or children because it obscures the important role of poverty in child abuse and neglect and fosters conflict rather than collaboration between the state and families. In lieu of a solely rights-based …

Law And War: Individual Rights, Executive Authority, And Judicial Power In England During World War I , Rachel Vorspan

Faculty Scholarship

This Article examines the role of the English courts during World War I, particularly the judicial response to executive infringements on individual liberty. Focusing on the areas of detention, deportation, conscription, and confiscation of property, the Article revises the conventional depiction of the English judiciary during World War I as passive and peripheral. It argues that in four ways the judges were activist and energetic, both in advancing the government's war effort and in promoting their own policies and powers. First, they were judicial warriors, developing innovative legal strategies to legitimize detention and other governmental restrictions on personal. Second, they …

Sexuality And Sovereignty: The Global Limits And Possibilities Of Lawrence Symposium: Legal Rights In Historical Perspective: From The Margins To The Mainstream, Sonia K. Katyal

Faculty Scholarship

In the summer of 2003, the Supreme Court handed gay and lesbian activists a stunning victory in the decision of Lawrence v. Texas, which summarily overruled Bowers v. Hardwick. At issue was whether Texas' prohibition of same-sex sexual conduct violated the Due Process Clause of the U.S. Constitution. In a powerful, poetic, and strident opinion, Justice Kennedy, writing for a six-member majority, reversed Bowers, observing that individual decisions regarding physical intimacy between consenting adults, either of the same or opposite sex, are constitutionally protected, and thus fall outside of the reach of state intervention. Volumes can be written about the …

Revenge Of Mullaney V. Wilbur: United States V. Booker And The Reassertion Of Judicial Limits On Legislative Power To Define Crimes, The, Ian Weinstein

Faculty Scholarship

This article offers a historically grounded account of the twists and turns in the Supreme Court's sentencing jurisprudence from the end of World War II to the Court's stunning rejection of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines. The doctrinal shifts that have roiled this area of the law can best be understood as the Court's effort to respond to the changing political and social landscape of crime in America. In the mid 1970's, legislative activity in the criminal law was largely focused on Model Penal Code influenced recodification. In that era, the Supreme Court took power from an ascendant judiciary and gave …

Constitutional Right Against Excessive Punishment, The, Youngjae Lee

Faculty Scholarship

When is a death sentence, a sentence of imprisonment, or a fine so "excessive" or "disproportionate" in relation to the crime for which it is imposed that it violates the Eighth Amendment? Despite the urgings of various commentators and the Supreme Court's own repeated, albeit uncertain, gestures in the direction of proportionality regulation by the judiciary, the Court's answer to this question within the past few decades is a body of law that is messy and complex, yet largely meaningless as a constraint. In the core of this ineffectual and incoherent proportionality jurisprudence lies a conceptual confusion over the meaning …

Technology And Internet Jurisdiction, Joel R. Reidenberg

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Choosing How To Regulate, Andrew P. Morriss, Bruce Yandle, Andrew Dorchak

Faculty Scholarship

In this Article, the authors survey how agencies create substantive regulations through traditional rulemaking, negotiated rulemaking and litigation. Using public choice analysis, the Article relates agency choice to the agency's incentive structure. The Article also shows how the different forms of regulatory activity influence the content of agency regulations. Using a case study of EPA's regulation of heavy-duty diesel engines, the Article examines EPA's choices over thirty years as a means of testing the proposed theory. Finally, the Article concludes with a critique of allowing agencies to choose how they will regulate because the choice allows agencies to evade constraints …

Religious Lawyering Critique, The Aals Presentations, Bruce A. Green

Faculty Scholarship

One might think about the relationship between law practice and religion in different ways, depending on how one views either the professional norms or religious belief and observance. Some of the most recent academic literature on "religious lawyering" is premised on a highly critical view of the profession's norms and a claim that religious convictions that bear on the practice of law are incompatible with, and preferable to, aspects of the professional norms. My purpose here is to identify, and raise some questions about, both this critique and this suggestion, and to show how they are in tension with other …

Law, Politics, And Impeachment: The Impeachment Of Roh Moo-Hyun From A Comparative Constitutional Perspective , Youngjae Lee

Faculty Scholarship

In March 2004, the National Assembly of South Korea impeached President Roh Moo-hyun and brought about an immediate suspension of Roh's presidency. Two months later, the Constitutional Court of Korea restored the status quo by dismissing the impeachment and reinstating the President. This episode marks the first time in the history of modern constitutionalism that a president impeached by a legislative body has been reinstated by a judicial body. This Article focuses on one slice of this remarkable turn of events: its constitutional dimension from the perspective of comparative constitutional law. After explaining the Constitutional Court's decision, this Article discusses …