Digital Commons Network^™

High-Intensity Functional Training (Hift): Definition And Research Implications For Improved Fitness, Yuri Feito, Katie M. Heinrich, Scotty J. Butcher, Walker S. Carlos Poston

Faculty Articles

High-intensity functional training (HIFT) is an exercise modality that emphasizes functional,multi-joint movements that can be modified to any fitness level and elicit greater muscle recruitmentthan more traditional exercise. As a relatively new training modality, HIFT is often compared tohigh-intensity interval training (HIIT), yet the two are distinct. HIIT exercise is characterized byrelatively short bursts of repeated vigorous activity, interspersed by periods of rest or low-intensityexercise for recovery, while HIFT utilizes constantly varied functional exercises and various activitydurations that may or may not incorporate rest. Over the last decade, studies evaluating theeffectiveness of HIIT programs have documented improvements in metabolic and …

Integrating Knowledge For Instruction: A Tale Of Two Teachers, David A. Barker, John K. Lannin, Matthew S. Winsor, J. Vince Kirwan

Faculty Articles

Teacher knowledge is a critical factor that influences pedagogical decisions. If we want teachers to make appropriate choices in the classroom we must know and understand the types of knowledge used during this decision-making process. To this end, we sought to understand how, and the extent to which, two 5th grade teachers drew upon and integrated their knowledge of mathematics, learners, and pedagogy while teaching. Stimulated recall interviews were analyzed to uncover the types of knowledge and interactions that occurred. Both teachers primarily used their knowledge of learners and pedagogy, with the knowledge of mathematics playing a supportive role. In …

Relationship Banking And Loan Syndicate Structure: The Role Of Private Equity Sponsors, Rongbing Huang, Donghang Zhang, Yija (Eddie) Zhao

Faculty Articles

Using a sample of syndicated loans to private equity (PE)-backed IPO companies, we examine how a third-party bank relationship influences the syndicate structure of a loan. We find that a stronger relationship between the lead bank and the borrower’s PE firm enables the lead bank to retain a smaller share of the loan and form a larger and less concentrated syndicate, especially when the borrower is less transparent. A stronger PE-bank relationship also attracts greater foreign bank participation. Our findings suggest that the lead bank’s relationship with a large equity holder of the borrower facilitates information production in lending.

Positive And Negative Psychological States In Self-Paced Technology Training, Saurabh Gupta

Faculty Articles

Industry reports continue to highlight the importance and growth of e-learning. However, researcher, trainers, and trainees all agree that such training has significantly higher levels of anxiety compared to traditional learning. Thus, anxiety is one of the most important impediments in online learning because it can significantly negatively impact training outcomes. On the other hand, researchers and practitioners have not focused on the positive psychological state of process satisfaction from the training process. This paper presents a research model that reframes the dominant theory in technology training (i.e., socio-cognitive theory) and its impact on learning, which includes the impact of …

Thirty Years After Allan Bloom's Classic "The Closing Of The American Mind": The Liberal Arts And The Question Of What It Means To Be College Educated, Robert W. Hill

Faculty Articles

The author, a university professor for many years, ponders the important question of what academic Allan Bloom would make of recent developments in higher education such as the disappearance of many liberal arts colleges by either closings or changing the academic mission to add graduate or professional degree programs.

The Influence Of Citrus Urantium And Caffeine Complex Versus Placebo On The Cardiac Autonomic Response: A Double Blind Crossover Design, Brian Kliszczewicz, Emily Bechke, Cassie Williamson, Paul Bailey, Wade Hoffstetter, John R. Mclester, Cherilyn N. Mclester

Faculty Articles

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the resting cardiac autonomic nervous system’s response to the ingestion of a complex containing Citrus aurantium + Caffeine (CA + C) and its influence on recovery following a high-intensity anaerobic exercise bout in habitual caffeine users. Methods: Ten physically active males (25.1 ± 3.9 years; weight 78.71 ± 9.53 kg; height 177.2 ± 4.6 cm; body fat 15.5 ± 3.13%) participated in this study, which consisted of two exhaustive exercise protocols in a randomized crossover design. On each visit the participants consumed either a CA + C (100 mg of CA …

Mood State Changes Accompanying The Crossfitopen™ Competition In Healthy Adults, Allyson G. Box, Yuri Feito, Steven J. Petruzzello, Gerald T. Mangine

Faculty Articles

Background: Specific mood states were examined during the CrossFit Open, a consecutive 5-week fitness competition involving five separate CrossFit®workouts, to determine whether the unique design or strenuous workouts of the competition resulted in acute and/or chronic mood statealterations. Methods: Participants (n= 8) completed the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire one-week prior to the competition (baseline), prior to (PRE), immediately post (IP), 30-min post-(30P) and 60-min post-workout (60P) each week. Tension, depression, anger, confusion, fatigue and vigor were derived from the POMS, as was Total Mood Disturbance (TMD) and an Energy Index (EI). Results: Workout intensity exceeded 93% HRmaxeach week. …

Testosterone And Cortisol Responses To Fivehigh-Intensity Functional Training Competitionworkouts In Recreationally Active Adults, Gerald T. Mangine, Trisha A. Vandusseldorp, Yuri Feito, Alyssa J. Holmes, Paul R. Serafini, Allyson G. Box, Adam M. Gonzalez

Faculty Articles

To determine the salivary steroid response to high-intensity functional training (HIFT)competition workouts, saliva samples were collected from ten recreationally trained male and femalecompetitors during a 5-week (WK1–WK5) international competition. Competitors arrived at theirlocal affiliate and provided samples prior to (PRE) their warm-up, immediately (IP), 30-min (30P),and 60-min (60P) post-exercise. Samples were analyzed for concentrations of testosterone (T), cortisol(C), and their ratio (TC). Generalized linear mixed models with repeated measures revealed significantmain effects for time (p< 0.001) for T, C, and TC. Compared to PRE-concentrations, elevated (p< 0.05)T was observed at IP on WK2–WK5 (mean difference: 135–511 pg·mL−1), at 30P on WK3 (meandifference: 81.0±30.1 pg·mL−1) and WK5 (mean difference: 56.6±22.7 pg·mL−1), and at 60P onWK3 (mean difference: 73.5±29.7 pg·mL−1) and WK5 (mean difference: 74.3±28.4 pg·mL−1).Compared to PRE-concentrations, elevated (p< 0.05) C was noted on all weeks at IP (mean difference:9.3–15.9 ng·mL−1) and 30P (mean difference: 6.0–19.9 ng·mL−1); significant (p< 0.006) elevationswere noted at 60P on WK1 (mean difference: 9.1±3.0 ng·mL−1) and WK5 (mean difference:12.8±2.9 ng·mL−1). Additionally, TC was significantly reduced from PRE-values by 61% on WK1 at60P (p= 0.040) and by 80% on WK5 at 30P (p= 0.023). Differences in T, C, and TC were also observedbetween weeks at specific time points. Although each workout affected concentrations in T, C, and/orthe TC ratio, changes appeared to be modulated by the presence of overload and workout duration.During periods of elevated training or competition, athletes and coaches may consider monitoringthese hormones for consistency and as a means of assessing workout difficulty.

After Years Of Working With ‘Ritmo’ Detainees, I Know The Inhumane Facility Doesn’T Deserve A Second Chance, Erica B. Schommer

Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

Physiological Responses Of Species To Microclimate Help Explain Population Dynamics Along Succession In A Tropical Dry Forest Of Yucatan, Mexico, Paula C. Jackson, José Luis Andrade, Casandra Reyes-García, Olivia Hernández-González, Thomas C. Mcelroy, Roberth Us-Santamaría, José Luis Simá, Juan Manuel Dupuy

Faculty Articles

We investigated relationships between population dynamics and microclimate, physiology, and the degree of mycorrhizal colonization, for three species (Piscidia piscipula L.(Sarg.)) (Fabaceae), Bunchosia swartzianaGriseb. (Malpighiaceae) and Psidium sartorianum (Bergius) Nied. (Myrtaceae)) of a tropical sub deciduous forest in Yucatan, Mexico that were growing in plots of different successional ages. We hypothesized that abundance and persistence were related to increased plasticity in CO2assimilation. We found that Piscidia piscipula had greater abundance in intermediate plots (18 to 21 years), presented higher levels of plasticity in CO2 assimilation (greater variability among individuals, plots, and seasons), presented the highest CO2 assimilation rates, …

A Legal Fempire?: Women In Complex Civil Litigation, Brooke D. Coleman

Faculty Articles

Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg made headlines when she said that she would be satisfied with the number of women on the Supreme Court “when there are nine.” But why should that answer have been so remarkable? After all, there were nine men on the Court for nearly all of its history. Yet, Justice Ginsburg’s statement was met with amusement or from some quarters — disdain. What answer would have been considered more appropriate coming from a groundbreaking feminist litigator? Would four have been an acceptable answer? Would five have been presumptuous? This episode reflects our cramped view of how much …

Social Justice And Islamic Jurisprudence, Russell Powell

Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

Something Old And Something New: Exploring The Recent Amendments To The Federal Rules Of Evidence, Ramona L. Lampley

Faculty Articles

This article provides a practical, nuts and bolts approach to understanding the new amendments to the Federal Rules of Evidence and the proposed changes to Rule 807, with a focus on the policy rationale behind the new rules and pointers for how the new rules can affect evidentiary foundations. The article first addresses the amendment to Rule 803(16), providing the policy reasons prompting the change and offering alternative means of assessing hearsay issues for documents that will not meet the new threshold requirements. In Part II, this article analyzes the new self-authentication Rules 902 (13)-(14). The section begins with a …

Gender In The Context Of Same-Sex Divorce And Relationship Dissolution, Suzanne A. Kim, Edward Stein

Faculty Articles

This article identifies ways that judges, lawyers, researchers, and policy makers may attend to the role of gender and gender dynamics facing same-sex couples upon divorce or other relationship dissolution. When same-sex couples marry, the legal system and society at large may project conceptions of gender onto same-sex couples, often in a manner that conflicts with couples’ intentions and practices. Gender and gender dynamics may affect the bases for dissolution, the financial aspects of dissolution, and the determination of child custody. The article also suggests directions for future research on the impact of gender on the dissolution of same-sex relationships.

Check Clearing And Voidable Preference Law Under The Bankruptcy Code, David G. Carlson

Faculty Articles

Every business practice must withstand the critique of federal voidable preference law. This article surveys how well check clearing system fares under this adjunct to the principle that unsecured creditors should share equally in a bankruptcy proceeding. Check clearing involves extending short-term credit by depositary banks to their customers. Banks routinely extend unsecured and secured credit. The fate of a bank in its customer's bankruptcy differs, depending on what kind of credit is extended. In the case of an overdraft, banks have preference risk, but they also have powerful defenses to muster against liability. In the case credit is advanced …

Nothing New Under The Sun: The Law-Politics Dynamic In Supreme Court Decision Making, Stephen Matthew Feldman

Faculty Articles

Recent events have seemed to inject politics into American judicial institutions As a result many observers worry that the Supreme Court in particular has become politicized According to this view the Justices should decide cases in accordance with the rule of law and be unmoved by political concerns These worries arise from a mistaken assumption that law and politics can be separated and independent in the process of judicial decision making But at the Supreme Court as well as in the lower courts for that matter decision making arises from a lawpolitics dynamic Adjudication in accord with a pure rule …

Magnetic Reconnection And Blandford-Znajek Process Around Rotating Black Holes, David Garofalo, Chandra B. Singh, Elisabete M. De Gouveia Dal Pino

Faculty Articles

We provide a semi-analytic comparison between the Blandford-Znajek (BZ) and the magnetic reconnection power for accreting black holes in the curved spacetime of a rotating black hole. Our main result is that for a realistic range of astrophysical pa- rameters, the reconnection power may compete with the BZ power. The field lines anchored close to or on the black hole usually evolve to open field lines in general rel- ativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations. The BZ power is dependent on the black hole spin while magnetic reconnection power is independent of it for the near force-free magnetic configuration with open field …

Changes In Body Composition, Bone Metabolism, Strength, And Skill-Specific Performance Resulting From 16-Weeks Of Hift, Yuri Feito, Wade Hoffstetter, Paul Serafini, Gerald T. Mangine

Faculty Articles

High Intensity Functional Training (HIFT) is a training modality, characterized by multimodal exercises performed at high-intensity. Little is known about the training adaptations that occur as a prolonged training program. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in body composition, bone metabolism, strength, and skill-specific performance over 16-weeks of HIFT. Twenty-six recreationally active adult males (n = 9; 34.2 ± 9.1 y; 91.5 ± 17.7 kg; 178.5 ± 5.4 cm) and females (n = 17 = 36.4 ± 7.9 y; 91.5 ± 17.7 kg; 162.9 ± 7.0 cm) completed pre and post training assessments of body composition (Dual-Energy …

Observation Of E +E − → Π +Π −Π 0Χb1,2(1p ) And Search For E +E √ − → Φχb1,2(1p ) At S =10.96—11.05 Gev, J. H. Yin Et Al., Ratnappuli L. Kulasiri

Faculty Articles

We report searches for the processes e+e−→π+π−π0χbJ and e+e−→ϕχbJ (J=1,2) in the vicinity of the Υ(11020) resonance using energy scan data collected by the Belle experiment at the KEKB collider. We observe e+e−→π+π−π0χb1 and find evidence for e+e−→ωχb2 processes for data with center-of-mass energies from 10.96 to 11.05~GeV for the first time. The statistical significance for π+π−π0χb1 and ωχb2 are 6.1σ and 4.0σ, respectively. We investigate energy dependence of the e+e−→π+π−π0χbJ cross section and find that it is consistent with production of Υ(10860) and Υ(11020) resonances without significant non-resonant contribution. Assuming e+e−→π+π−π0χbJ proceeds via Υ(10860) and Υ(11020), the branching fraction …

Soft-Gluon Corrections In Top-Quark Production, Nikolaos Kidonakis

Faculty Articles

I review calculations of soft-gluon corrections for top-quark production in hadron collisions. I describe theoretical formalisms for their resummation and for finite-order expansions. I show that soft-gluon corrections are dominant for a large number of top-quark processes. I discuss top-antitop pair production as well as single-top production, including total cross sections and differential distributions, and compare with data from the LHC and the Tevatron. I also discuss top-quark production in association with charged Higgs bosons, Z bosons, and other particles in models of new physics.

Five Decades Of Research On Mitochondrial Nadh-Quinone Oxidoreductase (Complex I), Tomoko Ohnishi, S. Tsuyoshi Ohnishi, John C. Salerno

Faculty Articles

NADH-quinone oxidoreductase (complex I) is the largest and most complicated enzyme complex of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It is the entry site into the respiratory chain for most of the reducing equivalents generated during metabolism, coupling electron transfer from NADH to quinone to proton translocation, which in turn drives ATP synthesis. Dysfunction of complex I is associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s, and it is proposed to be involved in aging. Complex I has one non-covalently bound FMN, eight to 10 iron-sulfur clusters, and protein-associated quinone molecules as electron transport components. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) has previously …

Constitutional Shapeshifting: Giving The Fourth Amendment Substance In The Technology Driven World Of Criminal Investigation, Gerald S. Reamey

Faculty Articles

For the first hundred years of the Fourth Amendment's life, gains in the technology of surveillance were modest. With the advent of miniaturization and ever-increasing sophistication and capability of surveillance and detection devices, the Supreme Court has struggled to adapt its understanding of "search" to the constantly evolving devices and methods that challenge contemporary understanding of privacy. In response to surveillance innovations, the Court has taken varying positions, focusing first on property-based intrusions by government, then shifting to privacy expectations, and, more recently, resurrecting the view that a trespass to property can define search.

This article surveys this constitutional odyssey, …

The Return Of The Self, Or Whatever Happened To Postmodern Jurisprudence?, Stephen Matthew Feldman

Faculty Articles

Postmodern jurisprudence was all the rage in the 1990s Two of the most renowned postmodernists Stanley Fish and Pierre Schlag both persistently criticized mainstream legal scholars for believing they were modernist selvesindependent sovereign and autonomous agents who could remake the social and legal world merely by writing a law review article Then Fish and Schlag turned on each other Each attacked the other for making the same mistake harboring a modernist self I revisit this skirmish for two reasons First it helps explain the current moribund state of postmodern jurisprudence If two of the leading postmodernists could not avoid embedding …

Postmodern Free Expression: A Philosophical Rationale For The Digital Age, Stephen Matthew Feldman

Faculty Articles

Three philosophical rationalessearchfortruth selfgovernance and selffulfillmenthave animated discussions of free expression for decades Each rationale emerged and attained prominence in American jurisprudence in specific political and cultural circumstances Moreover each rationale shares a foundational commitment to the classical liberal modernist self But the three traditional rationales are incompatible with our digital age In particular the idea of the classical liberal self enjoying maximum liberty in a private sphere does not fit in the postmodern information society The time for a new rationale has arrived The same sociocultural conditions that undermine the traditional rationales suggest a selfemergence rationale built on the …

Fear And Loathing In Persuasive Writing: An Empirical Study Of The Effects Of The Negativity Bias, Kenneth D. Chestek

Faculty Articles

Cognitive psychologists have identified a phenomenon they call the negativity bias in which humans seem to remember and be affected by negative information more strongly than by positive information What are the implications of this bias for legal writers Should they focus on negative themes describing the opposing side as bad instead of positive ones describing their clients as good and worthy More specifically do trial judges fall prey to the negativity biasThis article describes an empirical test in which 163 judges were asked to read different versions of a Preliminary Statement to a trial brief some using positive themes …

Exotic Properties Of A Voltage-Gated Proton Channel From The Snail Helisoma Trivolvis, Sarah Thomas, Vladimir V. Cherny, Deri Morgan, Liana R. Artinian, Vincent Rehder, Susan M. E. Smith, Thomas E. Decoursey

Faculty Articles

Voltage-gated proton channels, HV1, were first reported in Helix aspersa snail neurons. These H+ channels open very rapidly, two to three orders of magnitude faster than mammalian HV1. Here we identify an HV1 gene in the snail Helisoma trivolvis and verify protein level expression by Western blotting of H. trivolvis brain lysate. Expressed in mammalian cells, HtHV1 currents in most respects resemble those described in other snails, including rapid activation, 476 times faster than hHV1 (human) at pHo 7, between 50 and 90 mV. In contrast to most HV1, activation of HtHV1 is exponential, suggesting first-order kinetics. However, the large …

Histidine168 Is Crucial For Δph-Dependent Gating Of The Human Voltage-Gated Proton Channel, Hhv1, Vladimir V. Cherny, Deri Morgan, Sarah Thomas, Susan M. E. Smith, Thomas E. Decoursey

Faculty Articles

We recently identified a voltage-gated proton channel gene in the snail Helisoma trivolvis, HtHV1, and determined its electrophysiological properties. Consistent with early studies of proton currents in snail neurons, HtHV1 opens rapidly, but it unexpectedly exhibits uniquely defective sensitivity to intracellular pH (pHi). The H+ conductance (gH)-V relationship in the voltage-gated proton channel (HV1) from other species shifts 40 mV when either pHi or pHo (extracellular pH) is changed by 1 unit. This property, called ΔpH-dependent gating, is crucial to the functions of HV1 in many species and in numerous human tissues. The HtHV1 channel exhibits normal pHo dependence but …

#Metoo Justice (Review Of "#Metoo, Time’S Up, And Theories Of Justice" By Lesley Wexler, Jennifer Robbennolt & Colleen Murphy), Brooke D. Coleman

Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

Measurement Of Eta_C(1s), Eta_C(2s) And Non-Resonant Eta' Pi+ Pi- Production Via Two-Photon Collisions, Q. N. Xu Et Al., Ratnappuli L. Kulasiri

Faculty Articles

We report the measurement of gamma gamma to eta_c(1S), eta_c(2S) to eta' pi+ pi- with eta' decays to gamma rho and eta pi+ pi- using 941 fb^{-1} of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider. The eta_c(1S) mass and width are measured to be M = [2984.6\pm0.7 (stat.)\pm2.2 (syst.)] MeV/c^{2} and \Gamma = [30.8^{+2.3}_{-2.2}~(stat.) \pm 2.5~(syst.)] MeV, respectively. First observation of eta_c(2S) to eta' pi+ pi- with a significance of 5.5sigma including systematic error is obtained, and the eta_c(2S) mass is measured to be M = [3635.1\pm3.7~(stat.)\pm2.9~(syst.)] MeV/c^{2}. The products of the two-photon decay width …

Search For Υ ( 1 S , 2 S ) → Z + C Z ( ' ) C − And E + E − → Z + C Z ( ' ) C − At √ S = 10.52 , 10.58, And 10.867 Gev, S. Jia Et Al., Ratnappuli L. Kulasiri

Faculty Articles

The first search for double charged charmoniumlike state production in Υ(1S) and Υ(2S) decays and in e+e− annihilation at √s=10.52, 10.58, and 10.867 GeV is conducted using data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy electron-positron collider. No significant signals are observed in any of the studied modes, and the 90% credibility level upper limits on their product branching fractions in Υ(1S) and Υ(2S) decays [B(Υ(1S,2S)→Z+cZ(')−c)×B(Z+c→π++c¯c) (c¯c=J/ψ, χc1(1P), ψ(2S))] and the product of Born cross section and branching fraction for e+e−→Z+cZ(')−c (σ(e+e−→Z+cZ(')−c)×B(Z+c→π++c¯c)) at √s=10.52, 10.58, and 10.867 GeV are determined. Here, Zc refers to the Zc(3900) and …