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1999

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Clash Of The Titans: Regulating The Competition Between Established And Emerging Electronic Payment Systems, Jane Kaufman Winn Dec 1999

Clash Of The Titans: Regulating The Competition Between Established And Emerging Electronic Payment Systems, Jane Kaufman Winn

Articles

This article equates the providers of traditional electronic payment services with the Titans of Greek mythology, and the providers of new electronic payment technologies with the Olympians. Professor Winn concludes, however, that unlike the Titans of Greek mythology, these modern Titans appear to be winning in their battle with the upstart Olympians. This article describes the fundamental characteristics of payment systems, reviews the applicable law, and describes the new technologies that were, until quite recently, expected to displace older electronic payment systems. Professor Winn finds that consumers and merchants, by and large, are happy with the existing regulatory structure. And, …


Travelers, Reasoned Textualism, And The New Jurisprudence Of Erisa Preemption, Edward A. Zelinsky Dec 1999

Travelers, Reasoned Textualism, And The New Jurisprudence Of Erisa Preemption, Edward A. Zelinsky

Articles

Upon the enactment of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 ("ERISA"), few would have predicted that, a generation later, ERISA's provisions preempting state law would be front page news, a central topic of national debate about health care and its regulation. Similarly, few foresaw at the time ERISA was adopted that the United States Supreme Court would have great difficulty construing ERISA's preemption provisions. By the same token, in 1974 the contemporary revival of interest in statutory textualism lay well into the future.


Status Of The Shooter: News Coverage And Input From Photographers In Local Television News, David Ozmun Nov 1999

Status Of The Shooter: News Coverage And Input From Photographers In Local Television News, David Ozmun

Articles

The rise of the 24-hour regional cable news channel has focused attention on "oneman bands-also called video journalists (Beacham, 1996; Colman, 1996; Lieberman, 1998). An increase in the number of journalists who report and shoot their own stories has been attributed to, among other things, economic pressures and technological advances (Sherer, 1994; RTNDF, 1995; Dickson, 1997). Television stations in very small markets have traditionally required reporters to make contacts, interview sources, record the video and sound, write the script, and edit the taped material into a finished product (Lindekugel, 1994). In most markets, however, the concept of a newsgathering team …


A Spin Network Primer, Seth Major Nov 1999

A Spin Network Primer, Seth Major

Articles

Spin networks, essentially labeled graphs, are “good quantum numbers” for the quantum theory of geometry. These structures encompass a diverse range of techniques which may be used in the quantum mechanics of finite dimensional systems, gauge theory, and knot theory. Though accessible to undergraduates,spin network techniques are buried in more complicated formulations. In this paper a diagrammatic method, simple but rich, is introduced through an association of 2×2" role="presentation" style="display: inline; line-height: normal; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; padding: 0px 2px 0px 0px; margin: 0px; …


Performance Of Distributed Cfar Test Under Various Clutter Amplitudes, Chandrakanth H. Gowda, R. Viswanathan Oct 1999

Performance Of Distributed Cfar Test Under Various Clutter Amplitudes, Chandrakanth H. Gowda, R. Viswanathan

Articles

We evaluate the performances of several distributed constant false-alarm rate (CFAR) tests operating in different background clutter conditions. The analysis considers the detection of Rayleigh target in various clutters with the possibility of differing clutter power levels in the test cells of distributed radars. Numerical results studied for a two-radar system show how the false-alarm rate of the maximum order statistic (MOS) test changes with differences in the clutter power levels of the test cells. The analysis for the detection of Rayleigh target in Rayleigh clutter indicates that, with the power levels of differing test cells, the OR fusion rule …


Bonus Questions--Executive Compensation In The Era Of Pay For Performance, Charles M. Yablon Oct 1999

Bonus Questions--Executive Compensation In The Era Of Pay For Performance, Charles M. Yablon

Articles

No abstract provided.


Lessons From A Debacle: From Impeachment To Reform, Cass R. Sunstein Sep 1999

Lessons From A Debacle: From Impeachment To Reform, Cass R. Sunstein

Articles

No abstract provided.


Deconstructing The Forced Assimilation Of Deaf People Via De'via Resistance And Affirmation Art, Patricia Durr Sep 1999

Deconstructing The Forced Assimilation Of Deaf People Via De'via Resistance And Affirmation Art, Patricia Durr

Articles

Historically many outstanding artists who were deaf have contributed to the visual arts, such as: Louis Frisino, Felix Kowalewski, Granville Redmond, Cadwallader Washbum, and Regina Olson Hughes. While these distinguished artists have enhanced the field of art, their work has not focused on the Deaf experience itself. With a heightened appreciation, acceptance, and acknowledgment of Deaf culture and American Sign Language (ASL), we see a virtual explosion of Deaf artists moving away from mainstream art to art that gives voice to their unique cultural experiences. This movement in the United States is known as Deaf View/Image Art (De'VIA). This paper …


Religious Practice Bereft Of Faith, Eamon Maher Sep 1999

Religious Practice Bereft Of Faith, Eamon Maher

Articles

Material reproduced by kind permission of Doctrine and Life


The Jury And Scientific Evidence, Richard O. Lempert Sep 1999

The Jury And Scientific Evidence, Richard O. Lempert

Articles

Read court decisions and commentaries from 100, or evenfive years ago, and you will find that experts and scientific evidence were causing problems then just as they are causing problems now. I do not think that Daubert, Kumho Tire, or any change in a rule of evidence will keep expert scientific testimony from being a difficult area for the legal system. Yet we must still ask: "What are the best terms on which to deal with scientific experts, and how can weimprove the system?"


Letters Of Credit, Voidable Preferences, And The Independence Principle, William H. Widen, David Gray Carlson Aug 1999

Letters Of Credit, Voidable Preferences, And The Independence Principle, William H. Widen, David Gray Carlson

Articles

No abstract provided.


Juries, Hindsight, And Punitive Damage Awards: Failures Of A Social Science Case For Change, Richard O. Lempert Jul 1999

Juries, Hindsight, And Punitive Damage Awards: Failures Of A Social Science Case For Change, Richard O. Lempert

Articles

In their recent Arizona Law Review article entitled What Juries Can't Do Well: The Jury's Performance As a Risk Manager,' Professors Reid Hastie and W. Kip Viscusi purport to show that juries are likely to do a poor job in setting punitive damages, largely because jurors cannot avoid the influence of what is called "hindsight bias," or the tendency to see the likelihood of an event higher in retrospect than it would have appeared before it happened. In particular, they argue that hindsight bias and other cognitive biases undermine the utility of jury-set punitive damage awards as risk management devices. …


Regulating Doctors, Carl E. Schneider Jul 1999

Regulating Doctors, Carl E. Schneider

Articles

Alawyer today can hardly speak to a doctor--or even be treated by one-without being assailed by lawyer jokes. These jokes go well beyond good-humored badinage and pass the line into venom and gall. They reflect, I think, the sense many doctors today have that they are embattled and endangered, cruelly subject to pervasive and perverse controls. This is puzzling, almost to the point of mystery. Doctors have long been the American profession with the greatest social prestige, the greatest wealth, and the greatest control over its work. Indeed, what other profession has been as all-conquering? One may need to go …


The Earmarking Defense To Voidable Preference Liability: A Reconceptualization, William H. Widen, David Gray Carlson Jul 1999

The Earmarking Defense To Voidable Preference Liability: A Reconceptualization, William H. Widen, David Gray Carlson

Articles

No abstract provided.


Civil Enforceability Of Religious Prenuptual Agreements, Michelle Greenberg-Kobrin Jul 1999

Civil Enforceability Of Religious Prenuptual Agreements, Michelle Greenberg-Kobrin

Articles

In the years since Perri Victor's divorce has been finalized, she has tried to move on with her life. She is raising a young daughter from that marriage and finishing up law school. Perri and Warren Victor were married in an Orthodox Jewish ceremony in Florida in 1976. They received a civil divorce in 1990. However, as an Observant Jew, Perri cannot remarry until Warren gives her a Jewish religious divorce known as a get. Since late 1987, she has been pleading with Warren to give her a get. When Warren asked her to give up a portion of her …


The Case Of The Speluncean Explorers: Revisited, Cass R. Sunstein Jun 1999

The Case Of The Speluncean Explorers: Revisited, Cass R. Sunstein

Articles

No abstract provided.


The Case Of The Speluncean Explorers: Revisited, Frank H. Easterbrook Jun 1999

The Case Of The Speluncean Explorers: Revisited, Frank H. Easterbrook

Articles

No abstract provided.


Albert Camus : An Existentialist With A Sense Of The Absolute, Eamon Maher Jun 1999

Albert Camus : An Existentialist With A Sense Of The Absolute, Eamon Maher

Articles

Material reproduced by kind permission of The Month


Sketch-Based Image Queries In Topographic Databases, James Carswell Jun 1999

Sketch-Based Image Queries In Topographic Databases, James Carswell

Articles

In this paper we present the development of a system prototype for sketch-based queries for the content-based retrieval of digital images from topographic databases. We discuss our overall strategy and associated algorithmic and implementation aspects, and present associated database design issues. The query tools devised in this research are employing user-provided sketches of the shape and spatial configuration of the object(s) which should appear in the images to be retrieved. Our matching tool is inspired by least-squares matching (lsm), and represents an extension of lsm to function with a variety of raster representations. Our strategy makes use of a hierarchical …


Embedded Graph Invariants In Chern-Simons Theory, Seth Major Jun 1999

Embedded Graph Invariants In Chern-Simons Theory, Seth Major

Articles

Chern-Simons gauge theory, since its inception as a topological quantum field theory, has proved to be a rich source of understanding for knot invariants. In this work the theory is used to explore the definition of the expectation value of a network of Wilson lines — an embedded graph invariant. Using a generalization of the variational method, lowest-order results for invariants for graphs of arbitrary valence and general vertex tangent space structure are derived. Gauge invariant operators are introduced. Higher order results are found. The method used here provides a Vassiliev-type definition of graph invariants which depend on both the …


The Enduring Difference Of Youth, David Yellen Jun 1999

The Enduring Difference Of Youth, David Yellen

Articles

No abstract provided.


Family Law In The Age Of Distrust, Carl E. Scheider Jun 1999

Family Law In The Age Of Distrust, Carl E. Scheider

Articles

I have been invited to examine the relationship between American culture and American family law at the end of the century. No doubt I was foolish to accept the invitation, since the topic can hardly be sketched, much less discussed, within the compass of even a lengthy article. On the other hand, that happy fault forces me to accept the luxury of writing a speculative essay and of eschewing the footnotes that are the misery (and majesty) of the academic lawyer. But even thus set free I am still enchained. Family law is shaped by more cultural forces than I …


Demonstration Quality Scanning Digital Camera, Andrew Davidhazy May 1999

Demonstration Quality Scanning Digital Camera, Andrew Davidhazy

Articles

This is a report on how a simple Kodak Snapshot scanner was "gutted" and the remains adapted to a traditional 35mm camera to demonstrate image plane scanning photography, as well as panoramic and peripheral photography.


Atticus Finch, In Context, Randolph N. Stone May 1999

Atticus Finch, In Context, Randolph N. Stone

Articles

No abstract provided.


The Assault That Failed: The Progressive Critique Of Laissez Faire (Reviewing Barbara H. Fried, The Progressive Assault On Laissez Faire : Robert Hale And The First Law And Economics Movement (1998)), Richard A. Epstein May 1999

The Assault That Failed: The Progressive Critique Of Laissez Faire (Reviewing Barbara H. Fried, The Progressive Assault On Laissez Faire : Robert Hale And The First Law And Economics Movement (1998)), Richard A. Epstein

Articles

No abstract provided.


The Arccos And Lommel Formulations—Approximate Closed-Form Diffraction Corrections, Charles J. Daly, Navalgund A. H. Rao May 1999

The Arccos And Lommel Formulations—Approximate Closed-Form Diffraction Corrections, Charles J. Daly, Navalgund A. H. Rao

Articles

A closed-form frequency-domain formalism for spatially integrated diffraction corrections is proposed. Spatially integrated diffraction corrections are necessary when trying to characterize material with ultrasonic probing. In the case of piston transducers and point receivers, the Lommel diffraction formulation is used when the excitation is monochromatic, and the arccos diffraction formulation is used when the excitation is impulsive. The Lommel and arccos formulations are usually treated separately; here, they are connected. Specifically, the arccos diffraction formulation and Lommel diffraction formulation are shown to form an approximate Fourier transform pair. Since the Lommel formulation is amenable to closed-form spatial integration, Lommel functions …


Simplified Stroboscopic System For Motion Pattern Photography, Andrew Davidhazy Apr 1999

Simplified Stroboscopic System For Motion Pattern Photography, Andrew Davidhazy

Articles

Stroboscopic photography of objects in motion is a fascinating application in photography. Usually performed with sophisticated and expensive flashing stroboscopic lights, this article describes an approach more within the means of most photographers.


Simple Sound Synchronizers For Amateur High Speed Photography, Andrew Davidhazy Apr 1999

Simple Sound Synchronizers For Amateur High Speed Photography, Andrew Davidhazy

Articles

This article describes a very basic but highly effective way to make a sound activated synchronizer that will allow you to make pictures of bursting balloons, shattering light bulbs, etc. All you need is an old (or new!) cassette tape recorder, an $.75 SCR and a sync cord with a PC socket.


"Undivided Loves": Coordination And Coherence In Shakespeare's Sonnets, Jay Curlin Apr 1999

"Undivided Loves": Coordination And Coherence In Shakespeare's Sonnets, Jay Curlin

Articles

This article analyses the structure of Shakespeare's "Procreation Sonnets" (1-17), showing how an awareness of the transitions and connections that link the first seventeen sonnets into a coherent whole prepares readers to see similar units throughout the whole of Shakespeare's Sonnets.


Temperature Dependence Of Stark Width Of The 463.054 Nm Nii Spectral Line, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Ruzica Konjevic, Stevan Djenize Mar 1999

Temperature Dependence Of Stark Width Of The 463.054 Nm Nii Spectral Line, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Ruzica Konjevic, Stevan Djenize

Articles

Stark width of the 463.054 nm singly ionized nitrogen spectral line, that belong to transition, have been measured in a linear pulsed, low pressure, arc discharge. The working gas was helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixture. Electron densities of 0.751023 to 1.451023 were determined in the electron temperature range between 30000 K - 38000 K. The measured values have been compared with our calculated data, using the modified semiempirical approximation. On the basis of the agreement among experimental and theoretical Stark width data, the isolated 463.054 nm NII spectral line can be recommended as convenient spectral line for plasma diagnostics.