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Hepatotoxicity, Alison Jones
Hepatotoxicity, Alison Jones
Alison L Jones
Many potentially toxic substances enter the body via the gastrointestinal tract (gut). As the blood supply from the gastrointestinal tract (through the portal vein) drains into the liver, the liver comes into contact with the potentially toxic substances, and this exposure will often be at a higher concentration than in other tissues. The liver is essential for the metabolic disposal of virtually all xenobiotics (foreign substances). This process is mostly achieved without injury to the liver itself or to other organs. A few compounds such as carbon tetrachloride are toxic themselves or produce metabolites that cause liver injury in a …
Soluble Adhesion Molecules And Interleukin-2 Receptor Concentrations In Patients With Autoimmune Chronic Hepatitis, K Simpson, Alison Jones, A. Howie Forbes, P Hayes
Soluble Adhesion Molecules And Interleukin-2 Receptor Concentrations In Patients With Autoimmune Chronic Hepatitis, K Simpson, Alison Jones, A. Howie Forbes, P Hayes
Alison L Jones
To test the hypothesis that elevated serum levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), (s)E-selectin, (s)P-selectin and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) occur in patients with biochemically inactive autoimmune hepatitis (AICH) compared with controls. Such a finding would suggest continued immune activation, which in the long-term would contribute to the development of cirrhosis in such patients.
Sources And Coverage Of Medical News On Front Pages Of Us Newspapers, William Y.Y Lai, Trevor Lane, Alison L. Jones
Sources And Coverage Of Medical News On Front Pages Of Us Newspapers, William Y.Y Lai, Trevor Lane, Alison L. Jones
Alison L Jones
Background Medical news that appears on newspaper front pages is intended to reach a wide audience, but how this type of medical news is prepared and distributed has not been systematically researched. We thus quantified the level of visibility achieved by front-page medical stories in the United States and analyzed their news sources. Methodology Using the online resource Newseum, we investigated front-page newspaper coverage of four prominent medical stories, and a high-profile non-medical news story as a control, reported in the US in 2007. Two characteristics were quantified by two raters: which newspaper titles carried each target front-page story (interrater …
Glucagon Use In B Blocker Overdose, Niall O'Connor, S Greene, Paul Dargan, Alison Jones
Glucagon Use In B Blocker Overdose, Niall O'Connor, S Greene, Paul Dargan, Alison Jones
Alison L Jones
The Best Evidence Topic Reports series is intended to provide evidence-based answers to clinical questions. The recent best evidence topic report by Boyd1 concluded that there is not enough evidence to support the use of glucagon in b blocker overdose. However, clinical toxicology is an area in which the evidence basis is often lacking and one therefore needs to rely on a combination of practical experience, case reports and assessment of biological plausibility
The Association Of Hepatitis C Viral Infection With Porphyria Cutanea Tarda In The Lothian Region Of Scotland, I Hussain, N Hepburn, Alison Jones, K O'Rourke, P Hayes
The Association Of Hepatitis C Viral Infection With Porphyria Cutanea Tarda In The Lothian Region Of Scotland, I Hussain, N Hepburn, Alison Jones, K O'Rourke, P Hayes
Alison L Jones
Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is believed to be associated with reduced hepatic uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity and risk factors such as alcohol abuse and medication with oral contraceptives and certain other drugs. Recently it has been suggested that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may also be associated with PCT. We have therefore reviewed the prevalence of HCV infection in a series of patients with PCT in the Lothian region of Scotland. We identified 12 patients with PCT, all of whom had abnormal liver function tests. Liver histology revealed chronic active hepatitis in six patients, micronodular cirrhosis in four patients, hepatocellular carcinoma …
Use Of An Ivc Filter In The Management Of Ivc Thrombosis Occurring As A Complication Of Acute Pancreatitis, Alison Jones, D Ojar, D Redhead, A Proudfoot
Use Of An Ivc Filter In The Management Of Ivc Thrombosis Occurring As A Complication Of Acute Pancreatitis, Alison Jones, D Ojar, D Redhead, A Proudfoot
Alison L Jones
Vascular thrombosis and hypercoagulable states complicating pancreatitis are thought to be due to release of proteolytic enzymes from the pancreas and direct vasculitis. Inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis is an extremely rare complication o f chronic [1] and acute [2,3] pancreatitis.
Churchill's Pocketbook Of Toxicology, Alison Jones, Paul Dargan
Churchill's Pocketbook Of Toxicology, Alison Jones, Paul Dargan
Alison L Jones
No abstract provided.
Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) Poisoning: No Need To Change Current Guidelines To Accident Departments, P Routledge, J Allister Vale, D Nicholas Bateman, G. Denis Johnston, Alison L. Jones, Alan Judd, Simon Thomas, Glyn Volans, L F. Prescott, A T. Proudfoot
Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) Poisoning: No Need To Change Current Guidelines To Accident Departments, P Routledge, J Allister Vale, D Nicholas Bateman, G. Denis Johnston, Alison L. Jones, Alan Judd, Simon Thomas, Glyn Volans, L F. Prescott, A T. Proudfoot
Alison L Jones
Paracetamol is an effective, simple analgesic that is well tolerated by adults and children at therapeutic doses. In many countries it is available without prescription. Unfortunately, its ready availability is associated with episodes of poisoning that prompt 3.3% of inquiries to US regional poisons centres, 10% of inquiries to the UK National Poisons Information Service, and up to 43% of all admissions to hospital with self poisoning in the United Kingdom.3 In the United States paracetamol alone accounted for 4.1% of deaths from poisoning reported to American poisons centres in 1997. Most deaths are associated with deliberate self poisoning, but …
Advances, Challenges, And Controversies In Poisoning, Alison Jones, Paul Dargan
Advances, Challenges, And Controversies In Poisoning, Alison Jones, Paul Dargan
Alison L Jones
Patients presenting with self poisoning constitute a significant and increasing workload in emergency medicine departments and rates in the UK (up to 347 per 100 000 per year) are among the highest in Europe.1 2 The severity of poisoning has decreased over the past decade with the introduction of safer drugs such as serotonin reuptake inhibitors over tricyclic antidepressants, but there are still more than 2000 deaths per year in the UK from self poisoning.
Amfetamine Overdose, Alison Jones, Sheree Kable
Amfetamine Overdose, Alison Jones, Sheree Kable
Alison L Jones
Large burden of dependency and toxicity worldwide stems from both legitimate and recreational ingestion of drug by nearly 25 million users annually. Overdose and toxicity strike inconsistently among new, occasional, chronic, and binge users. Intentional overdose is also encountered. Tachycardia, hyperthermia, volume depletion, agitation, seizures, and rhabdomyolysis are sentinel findings. Diagnosis facilitated by high index of suspicion and urine amfetamine screening. Treatment is initiated before receiving laboratory results. Hyperthermia often requires close monitoring and pharmacotherapy appropriate to an intensive care setting. Despite relative lack of short-term consequences (most victims recover fully), there are legitimate concerns that chronic use may lead …
Unusual Complications Of Paracetamol Poisoning, Alison Jones, L Prescott
Unusual Complications Of Paracetamol Poisoning, Alison Jones, L Prescott
Alison L Jones
Every physician is only too familiar with acute hepatic necrosis as the most common complication of severe paracetamol poisoning. The frequency with which paracetamol is used for self-poisoning may, however, give rise to complacency through familiarity, and the less common complications may be missed. The purpose of this review is to act as a reminder of these more unusual complications. Although there have been many reports of toxic occurred in the presence of hepatic or multi-organ failure, and in such circumstances it is difficult to distinguish between cause and effect.
N-Acetylcysteine, Richard Dart, Alison Jones
Prolonged Clinical Effects In Modified-Release Amitriptyline Poisoning, Niall O'Connor, S Greene, Paul Dargan, Duncan Wyncoll, Alison Jones
Prolonged Clinical Effects In Modified-Release Amitriptyline Poisoning, Niall O'Connor, S Greene, Paul Dargan, Duncan Wyncoll, Alison Jones
Alison L Jones
Background. Tricyclic antidepressant poisoning is often associated with significant cardiovascular and central nervous system toxicity. Effective treatment includes the use of appropriate gastric decontamination techniques, the administration of sodium bicarbonate, and meticulous supportive care. Tricylcic antidepressant toxicity typically lasts 24–48 hours following a significant overdose. Case Report. We describe a case of tricyclic antidepressant poisoning where significant clinical toxicity (QRS prolongation, metabolic acidosis) was observed for up to 4 days following ingestion of a modified-release preparation of amitriptyline. Successful patient recovery was associated with the use of multidose activated charcoal and repeated administration of intravenous sodium bicarbonate. Conclusions. Clinicians should …