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University of Wollongong

2006

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Answer Format Suitability - The Interdependence Of Answer Format And Construct Measured, Sara Dolnicar, Bettina Grun Dec 2006

Answer Format Suitability - The Interdependence Of Answer Format And Construct Measured, Sara Dolnicar, Bettina Grun

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

The vast majority of surveys use ordinal answer formats independently of the construct under study. We hypothesise that the ordinal scale is not optimal under all circumstances, but that the suitability of answer formats depends on the construct measured. A repeat measurement study is conducted using binary and ordinal answer formats measuring two different constructs: attitudes and behavioural intentions. A clear interaction effect between answer formats and constructs is revealed, supporting the notion that there is not a single optimal answer format, but that some constructs are naturally more suitable for certain answer formats than others. These findings call for …

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Laboratory Measurements Of Dynamic Properties Of Rail Pads Under Incremental Preload, Alexander Remennikov, Sakdirat Kaewunruen Dec 2006

Laboratory Measurements Of Dynamic Properties Of Rail Pads Under Incremental Preload, Alexander Remennikov, Sakdirat Kaewunruen

Faculty of Engineering - Papers (Archive)

Rail pad is an important component in ballasted railway track. Its main function is to attenuate track loads, preventing underneath railway sleepers from excessive stress waves. Generally, the dynamic design of tracks relies on the available data that are mostly focused on the condition at a specific toe load. Recent findings show that track irregularities could significantly amplify the loads on railway tracks. This phenomenon gives rise to a concern that the rail pads may experience higher effective pre-loading than anticipated in the past. On this ground, this paper highlights the significance of accounting for effects of pre-loading on dynamic …

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Enhanced Criterion For Base Soil Retention In Embankment Dam Filters, Buddhima Indraratna, A. K. Raut Dec 2006

Enhanced Criterion For Base Soil Retention In Embankment Dam Filters, Buddhima Indraratna, A. K. Raut

Faculty of Engineering - Papers (Archive)

In effective filters, potentially erodible base particles are transported to the filter and retained to form a stable self-filtration layer. At any given time, the mass proportion of the filter and the base materials in this layer depends on the initial porosity of the filter and the subsequent porosity of the self-filtration layer. In this paper, an analytical procedure is given to obtain the particle size distribution (PSD) of the self-filtration layer by combining the PSDs of the filter and the base soil modified by Dc95, where 95% of filter constrictions are finer than the size denoted by Dc95. The …

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Behavior Of High Strength Structural Steel At Elevated Temperatures, J. Chen, B. Young, B. Uy Dec 2006

Behavior Of High Strength Structural Steel At Elevated Temperatures, J. Chen, B. Young, B. Uy

Faculty of Engineering - Papers (Archive)

This paper presents the mechanical properties of high strength structural steel and mild structural steel at elevated temperatures. Mechanical properties of structural steel at elevated temperatures are important for fire resistant design of steel structures. However, current design standards for fire resistance of steel structures are mainly based on the investigation of hot-rolled carbon steel with normal strength, such as mild steel. The performance of high strength steel at elevated temperatures is unknown. Hence, an experimental program has been carried out to investigate the mechanical properties of both high strength steel and mild steel at elevated temperatures. The high strength …

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Historical Lessons On Id Technology And The Consequences Of An Unchecked Trajectory, Katina Michael, M G. Michael Dec 2006

Historical Lessons On Id Technology And The Consequences Of An Unchecked Trajectory, Katina Michael, M G. Michael

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

This paper traces the use of identification techniques throughout the ages and focuses on the growing importance of citizen identification by governments. The paper uses a historical approach beginning with manual techniques such as tattoos, through to more recent automatic identification (auto-ID) techniques such as smart cards and biometrics. The findings indicate that identification techniques born for one purpose have gradually found their way into alternate applications, and in some instances have been misused altogether. There is also strong evidence to suggest that governments are moving away from localized identification schemes to more global systems based on universal lifetime identifiers.

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Hclp Based Service Composition, Ying Guan, Aditya K. Ghose, Zheng Lu Dec 2006

Hclp Based Service Composition, Ying Guan, Aditya K. Ghose, Zheng Lu

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

A key impediment to the widespread adoption of web services is the relatively limited set of tools available to deal with Quality-of-Service (QoS) factors. QoS factors pose several difficult challenges in how they may be articulated. While the functional requirements of a service can be represented as predicates to be satisfied by the target system, QoS factors are effectively statements of objectives to be maximized or minimized. QoS requirements occur naturally as local specifications of preference. Dealing with QoS factors is therefore a multi-objective optimization problem. In effect, these objectives are never fully satisfied, but satisficed to varying degrees. In …

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Facilitating Universal Multimedia Adaptation (Uma) In A Heterogeneous Peer-To-Peer Network, L. Rong, I. Burnett Dec 2006

Facilitating Universal Multimedia Adaptation (Uma) In A Heterogeneous Peer-To-Peer Network, L. Rong, I. Burnett

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

This paper proposes a P2P architecture which uses MPEG-21 as a standard based technique to dynamically adapt resources according to various usage environment attributes such as terminal capabilities and user preferences. In the architecture, a super peer based approach is used to cluster peers, store peer information, perform searches and instruct peers to adapt/send resources. Pull and push-based adaptation methods are introduced to adapt search results and resources in an intelligent manner based on the usage environment attributes. Simulation results show that the proposed architecture reduces download time while increasing resource availabilities and download speed in the network when compared …

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Co-Evolution Of Agent-Oriented Conceptual Models And Caso Agent Programs, A. Dasgupta, Aneesh Krishna, Aditya K. Ghose Dec 2006

Co-Evolution Of Agent-Oriented Conceptual Models And Caso Agent Programs, A. Dasgupta, Aneesh Krishna, Aditya K. Ghose

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Agent-Oriented conceptual modelling notations are highly effective in representing requirements from an intentional stance and answering questions such as what goals exist, how key actors depend on each other and what alternatives must be considered. In this paper, we suggest an approach to executing i* models by translating these into set of interacting agents implemented in the CASO language. In addition, we suggest a hybrid modelling, or co-evolution, approach in which i* models and CASO agent programs are concurrently maintained and updated, while retaining some modicum of loose consistency between the two. This allows us to benefit from the complementary …

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Enhancing Interoperability Via Generic Multimedia Syntax Translation, Joseph Thomas-Kerr, I. Burnett, C. H. Ritz Dec 2006

Enhancing Interoperability Via Generic Multimedia Syntax Translation, Joseph Thomas-Kerr, I. Burnett, C. H. Ritz

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

The Bitstream Binding Language (BBL) is a new technology developed by the authors and being standardized by MPEG, which describes how multimedia content and metadata can be mapped onto streaming formats. This paper describes how BBL can be used to enhance the interoperability of multimedia content by providing a generic mechanism for the translation of content between formats. As new content formats are developed, BBL can be used to describe how to translate the content into a form that existing devices are able to render. This consequently simplifies the adoption of new multimedia content forms because existing devices are able …

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Adopting Default Reasoning In Service Composition Context, Zheng Lu, Aditya K. Ghose, Peter Hyland Dec 2006

Adopting Default Reasoning In Service Composition Context, Zheng Lu, Aditya K. Ghose, Peter Hyland

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Web Service composition is the ability of one business to provide value-added services to its customers through the composition of basic Web services, possibly offered by different companies [12]. Because of distributed responsibilities, ownership and control, it is often not feasible to acquire all information needed for service composition. These characteristics are fundamental to service oriented computing but make it inherently difficult to avoid service conflicts. To reason about and adapt to a changing environment, in this work, we will extend current OWL-S by introducing the concept of service assumptions which allow reasoning with incomplete information. Furthermore, together with the …

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Dolorous Songs And Blessing Of The Curses: Corporate Governance In Australia, Jane Andrew, K. Cooper, K. Islam Dec 2006

Dolorous Songs And Blessing Of The Curses: Corporate Governance In Australia, Jane Andrew, K. Cooper, K. Islam

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

The spate of corporate collapses that have plagues the business community in the last few years has had both positive and negative impacts. These have implicated accounting in the scandals and the commonality in the nature of collapses has bought in a number of blessings by triggering global consciousness and consensus to root out the problems. We argue that regulatory changes, the emergence of corporate governance codes, mandatory compliance with accounting standards for greater transparency and the emergence of a new accounting order would not have been possible without such spectacular failures.

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Costing Schizophrenia, Ciorstan J. Smark Dec 2006

Costing Schizophrenia, Ciorstan J. Smark

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

This article looks at a particular subset of mental illness in Australia: schizophrenia, and reflects on how the direct costs that fall within the parametres of the health budget are privileged (inscribed), compared to how indirect costs that fall outside this boundary fail to be inscribed appropriately. This article concludes that, from a social accounting point of view, this boundary is arbitrary and an example of poor accounting.

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The University Of Wollongong Library Professional Cadetship Experience: Developing The Skills For A Career In Librarianship, Rebecca Daly Dec 2006

The University Of Wollongong Library Professional Cadetship Experience: Developing The Skills For A Career In Librarianship, Rebecca Daly

Senior Deputy Vice-Chancellor and Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Education) - Papers

The recently established University of Wollongong Library Professional Cadetship is an opportunity for those interested in a future in librarianship to undertake combined fulltime employment and Postgraduate study in a Library and Information Science Degree. The Cadetship model also aims to partly address the problem of succession planning for the University Library which has a vested interest in securing an ongoing generation of information professionals. In September 2005 I became the first cadet to begin the three year fixed term program, beginning with placement in Lending Services, and followed by Journal Access Services, each for a six month period. Management …

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An Independent Student Press: Three Case Studies For Fiji, Papua New Guinea And Aotearoa/New Zealand, D. Robie Dec 2006

An Independent Student Press: Three Case Studies For Fiji, Papua New Guinea And Aotearoa/New Zealand, D. Robie

Asia Pacific Media Educator

In spite of a relatively small but vibrant news media base, two South Pacific countries have been regional leaders in convergent publishing with both newspapers and online media as educational outcomes for student journalists. Universities in Fiji and Papua New Guinea have pioneered with various versions of an entrepreneurial and socially activist student press for three decades, including titles such as Uni Tavur (founded in 1975), Wansolwara (1996) and Liklik Diwai (1998). All three papers have strongly identified with a national development role. In 2003, Aotearoa/New Zealand’s AUT University began publishing Te Waha Nui as a regular professional course publishing …

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"Cue Journalism": Media Should Stop Playing Follow-The-Leader, M. K. Anuar Dec 2006

"Cue Journalism": Media Should Stop Playing Follow-The-Leader, M. K. Anuar

Asia Pacific Media Educator

The mainstream media in Malaysia, as in most countries, are expected to break news to the public while an important event unfolds, or at the latest, shortly after it occurs. They are also supposed to be in the forefront, probing and pushing vital issues to centre-stage. That’s why under normal circumstances we would expect the media to analyse, for example, the implications of new legislation or amendments to existing laws or the impact of a technological or medical breakthrough. The media are also expected to provide a platform for intelligent debate among interested parties on a controversy or policy matters …

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Managing News In A Managed Media: Mediating The Message In Malaysiakini.Com, A. Pang Dec 2006

Managing News In A Managed Media: Mediating The Message In Malaysiakini.Com, A. Pang

Asia Pacific Media Educator

Widely regarded as an anomaly in the neo-authoritarian system in Malaysia, Malaysiakini.com is proving that managing an independent media in a government-managed media landscape is more than a Sisyphean struggle. Employing participant observation and interviews, supplemented by artifacts and media accounts, this study seeks to understand the media management of Malaysiakini.com through news management, using Shoemaker and Reese’s (1996) hierarchy of influence model, which posits a framework of internal and external forces that affect news management. The study found determined attempts to minimize ideological influences through media socialization by accentuating on the direct influences, such as the journalists’ role in …

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Uv-B Screening Potential Is Higher In Two Cosmopolitan Moss Species Than In A Co-Occurring Antarctic Endemic Moss – Implications Of Continuing Ozone Depletion, J. L. Dunn, Sharon A. Robinson Dec 2006

Uv-B Screening Potential Is Higher In Two Cosmopolitan Moss Species Than In A Co-Occurring Antarctic Endemic Moss – Implications Of Continuing Ozone Depletion, J. L. Dunn, Sharon A. Robinson

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Concentrations of UV-B absorbing pigments and anthocyanins were measured in three moss species, over a summer growing season in Antarctica. Pigment concentrations were compared with a range of climatic variables to determine if there was evidence that pigments were induced by UV-B radiation, or other environmental parameters, and secondly if there were differences between species in their pigment responses. Significant seasonal differences in the potential UV-B screening pigments were found, with the two cosmopolitan species Bryum pseudotriquetrum and Ceratodon purpureus appearing better protected from the potentially damaging effects of ozone depletion than the Antarctic endemic Schistidium antarctici. Bryum pseudotriquetrum accumulated …

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The Huddle/Tangle Hypothesis Of Regional Integration: The Case Of The European Union And Its Enlargement, E. Sanidas Dec 2006

The Huddle/Tangle Hypothesis Of Regional Integration: The Case Of The European Union And Its Enlargement, E. Sanidas

Faculty of Business - Economics Working Papers

Regional integration can be a process that resembles that of a huddle/tangle. Some countries might be more prone or keen or able to integrate than others; however there is no guarantee that this process will be smooth through time. On the contrary, integrating countries seem to hover and spin around some main stronger economically countries and form a tangle. Was there a pattern of integration for the various stages of new countries joining the EU? Was the initial momentum created by the founding countries a situation that has never changed during the last 40 years or so? Is there any …

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Australia's Anti-Terrorism Legislation: The National Security State And The Community Legal Sector, Mark Rix Dec 2006

Australia's Anti-Terrorism Legislation: The National Security State And The Community Legal Sector, Mark Rix

Sydney Business School - Papers

This paper considers the implications for the community legal sector of the Australian Government’s recent national security and anti-terrorism legislation. Critics of the legislation have deep concerns that, by giving the police and intelligence services considerable new powers in the areas of arbitrary arrest and detention, it will lead to the significant erosion of rights and freedoms that Australians have long been able to take for granted. Other concerns with the legislation relate to the use of force, sedition, and legal representation for those held in preventative detention. In addition, the legislation has no adequate protection against the intelligence services …

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The Threat Of Public Data Availability On Critical Infrastructure Protection (Cip), And The Level Of Awareness Amongst Security Experts In Australila, Roba Abbas Dec 2006

The Threat Of Public Data Availability On Critical Infrastructure Protection (Cip), And The Level Of Awareness Amongst Security Experts In Australila, Roba Abbas

Engineering & Information Sciences - Honours Theses

Critical infrastructure protection (CIP) refers to safeguarding essential services from harm. CIP has gained recognition as a priority area on the national security agendas of many countries in recent years, most notably Australia, due to events that have compromised the critical infrastructure (CI) of other nations. The importance of the CIP process is evidenced extensively in the related literature, where the major phases of the process are discussed. Traditionally, the CIP focus is on the three major stages of vulnerability identification, risk assessment and risk management. A study conducted by Breeding in 2003 introduced the risk of ‘sensitive but unclassified’ …

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Lion Or Mouse? The Circus Worlds Of Salman Rushdie And Peter Carey, Paul Sharrad Dec 2006

Lion Or Mouse? The Circus Worlds Of Salman Rushdie And Peter Carey, Paul Sharrad

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

A reading of Rushdie's 'Shalimar the Clown' and Carey's 'The Unusual Life of Tristram Smith' as fictional uses of the circus, dramatising the writer's role and allegorising political dynamics of terrorism and postcolonial liberation.

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The Occupiers And The Occupied: A Nexus Of Memories, Christine M. De Matos Dec 2006

The Occupiers And The Occupied: A Nexus Of Memories, Christine M. De Matos

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This paper explores the cultural dimensions of the interactions between the Japanese occupied and Australian occupiers in the Hiroshima prefecture between 1946 and 1952.

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Effective Use Of The Internet: Keeping Professionals Working In Rural Australia, A. Herrington, J. Herrington Dec 2006

Effective Use Of The Internet: Keeping Professionals Working In Rural Australia, A. Herrington, J. Herrington

Faculty of Education - Papers (Archive)

Disparities between rural and metropolitan areas in the provision of essential services to Australian citizens, in health, education, employment and technology, have the potential to undermine national cohesion. Professionals working in rural and remote areas of Australia often feel isolated and unsupported, and little research attention has been given to determining effective ways to retain their professional services in rural Australia. The innovative use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) to deliver online support, professional development and resources could help to remove a sense of professional isolation, and have a positive effect on professionals’ morale, reduce attrition, and decrease government …

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Impact Resistance Of Reinforced Concrete Columns: Experimental Studies And Design Considerations, Alexander Remennikov, Sakdirat Kaewunruen Dec 2006

Impact Resistance Of Reinforced Concrete Columns: Experimental Studies And Design Considerations, Alexander Remennikov, Sakdirat Kaewunruen

Faculty of Engineering - Papers (Archive)

There are instances where reinforced concrete structures designed for static loads are subjected to accidental or deliberate impact or blast loads because of industrial or transportation accidents, military or terrorist activities. Analysis and design of structures for such events require realistic assessment of the ulti-mate impact resistance and a mode of failure of the structure. In this paper, a series of falling weight impact tests on conventionally designed reinforced concrete columns are described. The behaviour of quarter-scale reinforced concrete columns under static and impact loads is presented. An impact load was applied at the mid-height of the columns by a …

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Editor's Note: Contextualising The Teaching Of Journalism, Eric Loo Dec 2006

Editor's Note: Contextualising The Teaching Of Journalism, Eric Loo

Asia Pacific Media Educator

Three years ago in Toronto at the AEJMC pre-convention workshop I met with a group of journalism educators. We explored how we could better contextualise the delivery of journalism programmes to stay in tune with an internet-wired world. One of the imperatives we noted was to expose journalism students to learning opportunities where they could look at issues and affairs beyond the boundaries of their immediate community; and to develop in students the journalistic aptitude for interpreting and contextualising issues from a cross-cultural, ‘global’ perspective.

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Beyond The 5ws + H: What Social Science Can Bring To J-Education, K.C. Boey Dec 2006

Beyond The 5ws + H: What Social Science Can Bring To J-Education, K.C. Boey

Asia Pacific Media Educator

THE pen is mightier than the sword. This axiom of journalism is at no time more apposite than in this terror-ridden post-9/11 world. Increasingly, nation-states and activist bloggers are realising that the power of the media and those who control it set the agenda for world politics and governance. Yet journalism educators reflexively trust this maxim among their charges to received wisdom. Or pedantically go on presuming this aphorism to be ingrained in them by the time they finish high school media studies. In this, educators sell short students – and fall short of their larger responsibility to our broken …

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Blogging As Pedagogic Practice: Artefact And Ecology, Marcus O'Donnell Dec 2006

Blogging As Pedagogic Practice: Artefact And Ecology, Marcus O'Donnell

Asia Pacific Media Educator

Much of the published discussion and research on blogs and teaching and learning in higher education focuses on evaluation of blogging as a communicative technique. This type of discussion largely assumes that successful integration of blogging into course delivery should be judged against a pre-existing and unchallenged pedagogical model. This paper argues that to leverage its full educational potential blogging must be understood not just as an isolated phenomena, but as part of a broad palette of cybercultural practices which provide us with new ways of doing and thinking. The paper looks at the ways broader theoretical models associated with …

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The Status And Relevance Of Vietnamese Journalism Education: An Empirical Analysis, A. Nguyen Dec 2006

The Status And Relevance Of Vietnamese Journalism Education: An Empirical Analysis, A. Nguyen

Asia Pacific Media Educator

Based primarily on data from indepth interviews with senior journalists and journalism educators as well as a content analysis of journalism curricula, this paper sets out to provide an overview of the demand, overall provision structure, teaching materials and methods of Vietnamese journalism education. It first shows that with a fast expansion in both size and substance, the Vietnamese media system is beginning to feel the urgent need for formal journalism education. However, the country’s major journalism programs have been criticised for producing hundreds of unqualified journalism graduates a year. In general, the most deplorable aspects of Vietnamese journalism education …

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Intersections Of Community And Journalism In Australia And Singapore, K. Bowd Dec 2006

Intersections Of Community And Journalism In Australia And Singapore, K. Bowd

Asia Pacific Media Educator

The notion of “community” is a contested one, but one which is widely used across a range of fields and applications. For example, understandings of community in a country such as Singapore differ significantly from interpretations of community in a country such as Australia. In Singapore, notions of community are strongly influenced by language and cultural background, while in Australia, geography and distance are often key factors. Journalists’ relationships with the communities for whom and about whom they write are complicated by this imprecision and by the range of contexts and environments to which the term can be applied. However, …

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Profile Interview: Keeping Emotions Intact In War Reporting: Shahanaaz Habib, Eric Loo Dec 2006

Profile Interview: Keeping Emotions Intact In War Reporting: Shahanaaz Habib, Eric Loo

Asia Pacific Media Educator

Interview with Shahanaaz Habib. News Editor, The Star, Malaysia. Author of Between Blood & Bombs, Times Publishing, Malaysia 2005.

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