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University of Wollongong

2006

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Thz Waveguides: The Evolution, Rajind Mendis Sep 2006

Thz Waveguides: The Evolution, Rajind Mendis

Faculty of Engineering - Papers (Archive)

The development of waveguides is a key element in the technical maturity of the THz field. Suitably designed waveguides can provide innovative solutions for the most fundamental problems of THz energy transfer to the more advanced problems of THz spectroscopy. This presentation will give an overview of the chronological development of THz waveguides, starting from the initial time-domain experiments to the present state-of-the-art, highlighting breakthroughs. Experimental results obtained through waveguide characterization by THz time-domain spectroscopy will be presented and compared to well-known theoretical models, looking at issues related to energy coupling, attenuation, and dispersion, as well as single and multi-mode …

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Terahertz Absorption In Spintronic Superlattices, C. Zhang, Feng Gao, C. H. Yang Sep 2006

Terahertz Absorption In Spintronic Superlattices, C. Zhang, Feng Gao, C. H. Yang

Faculty of Engineering - Papers (Archive)

In this work we present a theoretical investigation of optical absorption in a spintronic superlattice. It is shown that the Rashba spin-orbit interaction can be used to control the characteristics of the absorption. Our results suggest possible experiments to detect such tunable absorption spectra. The underlying mechanism is the level splitting and linear energy dispersion, both are the consequences of spin-orbit interaction. The proposed absorption properties can be useful in developing spintronic devices in the terahertz regime.

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Human Resource Development: For Enterprise And Human Development , Diana J. Kelly Sep 2006

Human Resource Development: For Enterprise And Human Development , Diana J. Kelly

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The term human resource development, or more commonly HRD, is widely used. Yet it has ambiguous connotations, since it may refer to increase in human capacities, rights and entitlements from a business or an economic perspective, or as an instrument of human development, particularly in developing countries, which enables personal and societal advancement toward economic progress and democratic self-determination. It is important to distinguish the forms and varieties of HRD if human development is to be balanced. Moreover, HRD may be delivered by public organisations such as governments, NGOs and supranational organisations, such as the United Nations, or by private …

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A Minimal Critical Set Of A Class Of Youden Squares, L. Fitina, Ken Russell, Jennifer Seberry Sep 2006

A Minimal Critical Set Of A Class Of Youden Squares, L. Fitina, Ken Russell, Jennifer Seberry

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

We consider the Youden square formed by deleting one row of a v x v back-circulant Latin square and establish a critical set that contains a number of elements which is equal to v2/4 (v even) or (v2 — 1)/4 (v odd). We show that this critical set is minimal, for v even.

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The Role Of “Economic Education” In Achieving Capitalist Hegemony, Sharon Beder Sep 2006

The Role Of “Economic Education” In Achieving Capitalist Hegemony, Sharon Beder

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Free enterprise has become the prevailing idea of our times, an idea without serious rival although not without critics. This paper examines two major campaigns during the 20th Century that were aimed at maintaining capitalist hegemony by promoting free enterprise values. The first was after the second world war when American business interests felt threatened by government intervention and controls on the one hand, and union activity on the other. They responded with a massive ‘economic education’ program, aimed at school students and employees, which taught the fundamentals of free enterprise economics. Business values, such as the rewards of hard …

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Chandra Observations Of Nuclear Outflows In The Elliptical Galaxy Ngc 4552 In The Virgo Cluster , M. Machacek, P. Nulsen, C. Jones, W. R. Forman Sep 2006

Chandra Observations Of Nuclear Outflows In The Elliptical Galaxy Ngc 4552 In The Virgo Cluster , M. Machacek, P. Nulsen, C. Jones, W. R. Forman

Faculty of Engineering - Papers (Archive)

We use a 54.4 ks Chandra observation to study nuclear outflow activity in NGC 4552 (M89), an elliptical galaxy in the Virgo Cluster. Chandra images in the 0.5–2 keV band show two ringlike features ∼1.7 kpc in diameter in the core of NGC 4552, as reported previously by Filho et al. We use spherically symmetric point explosion shock models to argue that the shape of the surface brightness profile across the rims of the rings and the temperature of hot gas in the rings are consistent with a Mach 1.7 shock carrying mean mechanical power Lshock ∼ 3 × 1041 …

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The Maintenance Of High Affinity Plasminogen Binding By Group A Streptococcal Plasminogen-Binding M-Like Protein Is Mediated By Arginine And Histidine Residues Within The A1 And A2 Repeat Domains., Martina L. Sanderson-Smith, Mark J. Walker, Marie Ranson Sep 2006

The Maintenance Of High Affinity Plasminogen Binding By Group A Streptococcal Plasminogen-Binding M-Like Protein Is Mediated By Arginine And Histidine Residues Within The A1 And A2 Repeat Domains., Martina L. Sanderson-Smith, Mark J. Walker, Marie Ranson

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Subversion of the plasminogen activation system is implicated in the virulence of group A streptococci (GAS). GAS displays receptors for the human zymogen plasminogen on the cell surface, one of which is the plasminogen-binding group A streptococcal M-like protein (PAM). The plasminogen binding domain of PAM is highly variable, and this variation has been linked to host selective immune pressure. Site-directed mutagenesis of full-length PAM protein from an invasive GAS isolate was undertaken to assess the contribution of residues in the a1 and a2 repeat domains to plasminogen binding function. Mutagenesis to alanine of key plasminogen binding lysine residues in …

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Performance Contracts, Corporate Governance And The Third Sector: The Case Of The Nsw Community Legal Sector, Mark Rix Sep 2006

Performance Contracts, Corporate Governance And The Third Sector: The Case Of The Nsw Community Legal Sector, Mark Rix

Sydney Business School - Papers

This paper will investigate the effects of performance contracts on the governance of third sector organisations to which governments have outsourced responsibility for delivery of important human and welfare services. As governments have retreated from direct delivery of such services under the impetus of the New Public Management (NPM) reform agenda, they increasingly have had to rely on third sector organisations to play the role of service providers. From a public administration point of view, dominance of the purchaser/provider funding and regulatory model has been one of the most significant results. Under this model, performance contracts or so-called ‘service agreements’ …

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Labour Law And Productive Decentralisation: Australian Report, Andrew D. Frazer Sep 2006

Labour Law And Productive Decentralisation: Australian Report, Andrew D. Frazer

Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)

The decentralisation of production by various means has been a major feature of Australian labour law and relations since the 1980s. Since the recession of the early 1980s, many businesses have pursued financial savings through outsourcing of labour. Many companies did so firstly as a means of focusing on their core business activities and shifting to program-based accounting systems. More recently it has been part of the process of continuous cost-cutting and downsizing, associated with the preoccupation with shareholder value. Decentralisation is usually accompanied by reduction of the internal workforce and intensification of work remaining within the business. These trends …

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Expressing Business Process Model As Owl-S Ontologies, M. A. Aslam, S. Auer, J. Shen, M. Herrmann Sep 2006

Expressing Business Process Model As Owl-S Ontologies, M. A. Aslam, S. Auer, J. Shen, M. Herrmann

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

BPEL4WS is a well-established business process standard that can be used to orchestrate service-based workflows. However, the rapid growth and automation demands of e-business and grid applications require BPEL4WS to provide enhanced semantic annotations to achieve the goal of business processes automation. Here, OWL-S (OWL for Web Services) is designed to represent such kind of semantic information. Furthermore, there exists a similarity in the conceptual model of OWL-S and BPEL4WS that can be employed to overcome the lack of semantics in BPEL4WS by mapping the BPEL4WS process model to the OWL-S suite of ontologies. The mapped OWL-S service can be …

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Urban Water Demand With Fixed Volumetric Charging In A Large Municipality: The Case Of Brisbane, Australia, M. Hoffmann, A. C. Worthington, H. Higgs Sep 2006

Urban Water Demand With Fixed Volumetric Charging In A Large Municipality: The Case Of Brisbane, Australia, M. Hoffmann, A. C. Worthington, H. Higgs

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

This paper uses suburb-level quarterly data to model residential water demand in Brisbane, Australia from 1998 to 2003. In this system, residential consumption is charged using a fixed annual service fee with no water entitlement followed by a fixed volumetric charge per kilolitre. Water demand is specified as average quarterly household water consumption and the demand characteristics include the marginal price of water, household income and size, and the number of rainy and warm days. The findings not only confirm residential water as price and income inelastic, but also that the price and income elasticity of demand in owner-occupied households …

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Biomarker Validation Of A Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Food Frequency Questionnaire, B. L. Sullivan, P. G. Williams, Barbara J. Meyer Sep 2006

Biomarker Validation Of A Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Food Frequency Questionnaire, B. L. Sullivan, P. G. Williams, Barbara J. Meyer

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) are beneficial for health. To date there is no specific food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess LC n-3 PUFA intakes. The objective of this study is to validate our newly developed FFQ by comparison with LC n-3 PUFA content of both red blood cells (RBC) and plasma, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acids. Fifty-three healthy male and female subjects were recruited from Wollongong, Australia. Average LC n-3 PUFA intakes (mg/day) were estimated using the new FFQ. RBC and plasma fatty acids were assessed using gas chromatography. Spearman correlation co-efficients …

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Swindew-A P2p-Based Decentralized Workflow Management System, Jun Yan, Y. Yang, G. K. Raikundalia Sep 2006

Swindew-A P2p-Based Decentralized Workflow Management System, Jun Yan, Y. Yang, G. K. Raikundalia

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Workflow technology undoubtedly has been one of the most important domains of interest over the past decades, from both research and practice perspectives. However, problems such as potential poor performance, lack of reliability, limited scalability, insufficient user support, and unsatisfactory system openness are largely ignored. This research reveals that these problems are mainly caused by the mismatch between application nature, i.e., distributed, and system design, i.e., centralized management. Therefore, conventional approaches based on the client-server architecture have not addressed them properly so far. The authors abandon the dominating client-server architecture in supporting workflow because of its inherent limitations. Instead, the …

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Using Constraint Hierarchies To Support Qos-Guided Service Composition, Ying Guan, Aditya K. Ghose, Zheng Lu Sep 2006

Using Constraint Hierarchies To Support Qos-Guided Service Composition, Ying Guan, Aditya K. Ghose, Zheng Lu

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

A key impediment to the widespread adoption of web services is the is the relatively limited set of tools available to deal with Quality-of-Service (QoS) factors [12]. QoS factors pose several difficult challenges in how they may be articulated. While the functional requirements of a service can be represented as predicates to be satisfied by the target system, QoS factors are effectively statements of objectives to be maximized or minimized. QoS requirements occur naturally as local specifications of preference. Dealing with QoS factors is therefore a multi-objective optimization problem. In effect, these objectives are never fully satisfied, but satisficed to …

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Using Assumptions In Service Composition Context, Z. Lu, Aditya K. Ghose, P. Hyland, Y. Guan Sep 2006

Using Assumptions In Service Composition Context, Z. Lu, Aditya K. Ghose, P. Hyland, Y. Guan

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Service composition aims to provide the efficient and accurate model of a service, based on which the global service oriented architecture (SOA) can be realized, allowing the value-added services to be generated on the fly. Because of distributed responsibilities, ownership, and control, often, it is not feasible to acquire all information needed for the service composition, thus there might be no guarantee that the service execution has an anticipated effect. In this paper, we are going to extend current Semantic Web Service Description by introducing the concept of "Service Assumption" which allows reasoning with incomplete information. Furthermore, together with the …

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Fundamental And Biotechnological Applications Of Neutron Scattering Measurements For Macromolecular Dynamics, M. Tehei, R. Daniel, G. Zaccai Sep 2006

Fundamental And Biotechnological Applications Of Neutron Scattering Measurements For Macromolecular Dynamics, M. Tehei, R. Daniel, G. Zaccai

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

To explore macromolecular dynamics on the picosecond timescale, we used neutron spectroscopy. First, molecular dynamics were analyzed for the hyperthermophile malate dehydrogenase from Methanococcus jannaschii and a mesophilic homologue, the lactate dehydrogenase from Oryctolagus cunniculus muscle. Hyperthermophiles have elaborate molecular mechanisms of adaptation to extremely high temperature. Using a novel elastic neutron scattering approach that provides independent measurements of the global flexibility and of the structural resilience (rigidity), we have demonstrated that macromolecular dynamics represents one of these molecular mechanisms of thermoadaptation. The flexibilities were found to be similar for both enzymes at their optimal activity temperature and the resilience …

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Perceptions Of Kanji Learning By Non-Native Learners Of Japanese As A Foreign Language: Data From Sri Lankan Learners, G. Haththotuwa Gamage Sep 2006

Perceptions Of Kanji Learning By Non-Native Learners Of Japanese As A Foreign Language: Data From Sri Lankan Learners, G. Haththotuwa Gamage

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The present study examines the attitudes of learning kanji outside Japan based on the data from Sri Lankan learners of Japanese. This study also provides empirical evidence concerning perceived difficulties of reading and writing kanji by these learners. This was examined by a questionnaire, which was analyzed in terms of learners and Institution. The questionnaire revealed that the majority of learners had positive attitudes for learning kanji. However, they lacked the motivation for independent, self-directed learning. Learners in private institutions were significantly more enthusiastic in learning kanji than learners of secondary or tertiary institutions. The results also revealed that positive …

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The Starburst In The Abell 1835 Cluster Central Galaxy: A Case Study Of Galaxy Formation Regulated By An Outburst From A Supermassive Black Hole, B. R. Mcnamara, D. A. Rafferty, L. Birzan, J. Steiner, M. W. Wise, P. Nulsen, C. L. Carilli, R. Ryan, M. Sharma Sep 2006

The Starburst In The Abell 1835 Cluster Central Galaxy: A Case Study Of Galaxy Formation Regulated By An Outburst From A Supermassive Black Hole, B. R. Mcnamara, D. A. Rafferty, L. Birzan, J. Steiner, M. W. Wise, P. Nulsen, C. L. Carilli, R. Ryan, M. Sharma

Faculty of Engineering - Papers (Archive)

We present an analysis of the starburst in the Abell 1835 cluster's cD galaxy. The dense gas surrounding the galaxy is radiating X-rays at a rate of ∼1045 ergs s-1, which is consistent with a cooling rate of ∼1000–2000 M⊙ yr-1. However, Chandra and XMM-Newton observations found less than 200 M⊙ yr-1 of cooling below ∼2 keV, a level that is consistent with the cD's current star formation rate of 100–180 M⊙ yr-1. One or more heating agents (feedback) must then be replenishing the remaining radiative losses. Supernova explosions and thermal conduction are unable to do so. However, the active …

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Survey Of Health Claims For Australian Foods Made On Internet Sites, H. Dragicevich, P. G. Williams, L. Ridges Sep 2006

Survey Of Health Claims For Australian Foods Made On Internet Sites, H. Dragicevich, P. G. Williams, L. Ridges

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Aim: Australia and New Zealand are currently preparing a new food standard code, which will allow the use of health claims on food products and in associated advertising. The aim of this study was to obtain preliminary information about the current use of health claims on the Internet and the level of compliance of these claims with existing regulations. Methods: From August to October 2005 a survey was conducted of 1068 websites associated with the top 20 food processing companies in Australia, and an additional 683 websites for food products found to carry health claims in previous studies of product …

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Living Legal Fictions: Constituting The State Or Submerging The Signifier, Richard Mohr Sep 2006

Living Legal Fictions: Constituting The State Or Submerging The Signifier, Richard Mohr

Faculty of Law - Papers (Archive)

This is an inquiry into the ways the state is constituted as an effective legal fiction. It is based on the premise that the state was not constituted, once and for all, some three centuries ago (as Bourdieu suggests) but that the existence of the state relies on continuing legal and social processes. The focus is on the translation from the legal to the social, specifically the semiotic interaction between law, space and daily life in the dynamics of this on-going mise en scène. This requires re-thinking a number of semiotic issues: first, Lefebvre's challenge to a semiotics which neglects …

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International Assessments Of The Vulnerability Of The Coastal Zone To Climate Change, Including An Australian Perspective, P. A. Abuodha, C. D. Woodroffe Sep 2006

International Assessments Of The Vulnerability Of The Coastal Zone To Climate Change, Including An Australian Perspective, P. A. Abuodha, C. D. Woodroffe

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Australia, and considers global, and in some cases national, assessments of vulnerability to climate change to evaluate the implications for the Australian coast, or to assess the applicability of particular approaches and methods to Australia. Climate change vulnerability assessment aims at assisting policymakers in adequately responding to the challenge of climate change by investigating how projected changes in the Earth's climate may affect natural systems and human activities. Generally studies consider, exposure or susceptibility of natural coastal systems, the effect on socio-economic systems (“impact assessment”), and/or how human actions may reduce adverse effects of climate change on those systems or …

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Workplace Spirituality And Organizational Hypocrisy: The Holy Water-Gate Case, Mario Fernando, Michael Gross Sep 2006

Workplace Spirituality And Organizational Hypocrisy: The Holy Water-Gate Case, Mario Fernando, Michael Gross

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

This paper is based on the sex scandal that enveloped the Archdiocese of Boston in 2002. In the face of increasing challenges to organizational deviance and silence, this paper showcases how the Catholic Church, entrusted with the upliftment of Christian spiritual values of its congregation and society, took the path of organizational hypocrisy. Drawing from the literature on organizational deviance and silence in profit driven organizations, we examine the practice of pseudo workplace spirituality. We argue that organizational hypocrisy is a major implication for profit driven organizations pursuing workplace spirituality for solely legitimacy reasons.

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Junk Food, Health And Productivity: Taste, Price, Risk And Rationality, Amnon Levy Sep 2006

Junk Food, Health And Productivity: Taste, Price, Risk And Rationality, Amnon Levy

Faculty of Business - Economics Working Papers

Junk-food consumption, health and productivity are analyzed within an expectedlifetime- utility-maximizing framework in which the probability of living and productivity rise with health and health deteriorate with the consumption of junkfood. So long that the junk food’s relative taste-price differential is positive, the rational diet deviates from the physiologically optimal and renders the levels of health and productivity lower than the maximal. Taxing junk-food can eliminate this discrepancy but the outcome is not Pareto-superior. The value of health and the stationary junk-food consumption and health depend on the relative taste-price differential, survival and satisfaction elasticities and time preference-rate.

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Market Risk In Demutualised Self-Listed Stock Exchanges: An International Analysis Of Selected Time-Varying Betas, A. C. Worthington, H. Higgs Sep 2006

Market Risk In Demutualised Self-Listed Stock Exchanges: An International Analysis Of Selected Time-Varying Betas, A. C. Worthington, H. Higgs

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

This paper examines market risk in four demutualised and self-listed stock exchanges: the Australian Stock Exchange, the Deutsche Börse, the London Stock Exchange and the Singapore Stock Exchange. Daily company and MSCI index returns provide the respective asset and market portfolio data. A bivariate MA-GARCH model is used to estimate time-varying betas for each exchange from listing until 7 June 2005. While the results indicate significant beta volatility, unit root tests show the betas to be mean-reverting. These findings are used to suggest that despite concerns that demutualised and self-listed exchanges entail new market risks that merit regulatory intervention, the …

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Financial Management In The Nonprofit Sector: A Mission-Based Approach To Ratio Analysis In Membership Organizations, A. Abraham Sep 2006

Financial Management In The Nonprofit Sector: A Mission-Based Approach To Ratio Analysis In Membership Organizations, A. Abraham

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Nonprofit organisations (NPOs) are melting pots combining mission, members and money. Given that the mission of a nonprofit organisation is the reason for its existence, it is appropriate to focus on financial resources in their association with mission and with the individuals who are served by that mission (Parker 2003; Wooten et al 2003; Colby and Rubin 2005). Measurement of financial performance by ratio analysis helps identify organizational strengths and weaknesses by detecting financial anomalies and focusing attention on issues of organizational importance (Glynn et al 2003). Questions have been raised that relate the performance of NPOs to their financial …

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Publicly Shared Intelligence, G. De Valk, Brian Martin Sep 2006

Publicly Shared Intelligence, G. De Valk, Brian Martin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Publicly shared intelligence is the gathering and analysis of information of political value that is openly available to the public and able to be tested. This is a potential alternative to the sort of secret intelligence normally carried out by government agencies. Desirable features of publicly shared intelligence can be determined by analogy to other open knowledge production systems, including science and open source software. The case of the Shipping Research Bureau illustrates the potential of publicly shared intelligence. We outline features of a publicly shared intelligence system, including implications for public education.

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A Fast Algorithm For Color Image Segmentation, L. Dong, P. Ogunbona, Wanqing Li, G. Yu, L. Fan, G. Zheng Aug 2006

A Fast Algorithm For Color Image Segmentation, L. Dong, P. Ogunbona, Wanqing Li, G. Yu, L. Fan, G. Zheng

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Based on K-means and a two-layer pyramid structure, a fast algorithm is proposed for color image segmentation. The algorithm employs two strategies. Firstly, a two-layer structure of a color image is established. Then, an improved K-means with integer based lookup table implementation is applied to each layer. The clustering result on the upper layer (lower resolution) is used to guide the clustering in the lower layer (higher resolution). Experiments have shown that the proposed algorithm is significantly faster than the original K-means algorithm while producing comparable segmentation results.

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Distributed Management Of Oma Drm Domains, Harikrishna Vasanta, Reihaneh Safavi-Naini, Nicholas Paul Sheppard, Martin Jan Surminen Aug 2006

Distributed Management Of Oma Drm Domains, Harikrishna Vasanta, Reihaneh Safavi-Naini, Nicholas Paul Sheppard, Martin Jan Surminen

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Version 2.0 of the Open Mobile Alliance's Digital Rights Management Specification provides for protected content to be shared amongst a collection of devices in a domain. Domains are created and managed directly by the rights issuer that issues rights to the domain. In this paper, we propose to devolve the management of domains to a domain manager known as "Heimdall" that acts as a broker between the devices in an authorised domain and any content providers from which content for the domain can be sourced. We describe and compare three different modes in which Heimdall might operate.

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Inverse Alpha-Cuts And Interval [A, B)-Cuts, Zhaohao Sun, J. Han Aug 2006

Inverse Alpha-Cuts And Interval [A, B)-Cuts, Zhaohao Sun, J. Han

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

This paper will propose the symmetric form of alpha-cut: inverse alpha-cut, and then alpha-induced fuzzy set and examine their properties. Further, it introduces interval cut, interval induced fuzzy set and examines their properties. The proposed approach will facilitate research of fuzzy set theory and fuzzy systems.

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Blending On And Off Campus: A Tale Of Two Cities, Geraldine E. Lefoe, J. G. Hedberg Aug 2006

Blending On And Off Campus: A Tale Of Two Cities, Geraldine E. Lefoe, J. G. Hedberg

Senior Deputy Vice-Chancellor and Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Education) - Papers

Increasingly online learning has become part of the normal educational experience of students. This chapter examines the changes faced by two universities in different countries as they move to blend traditional face-to-face learning activities with those online. In particular, it reviews lessons that can be drawn for others moving into blended learning environments for successful implementation.

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