Digital Commons Network^™

Social Value And Its Impact Through Widening Participation: A Review Of Four Programs Working With Primary, Secondary & Higher Education Students, Jioji Ravulo, Shannon Said, Jim Micsko, Gayl Purchase

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In 2017 the Office of Widening Participation conducted a program- wide analysis of the Social Return On Investment (SROI) to evaluate the impact of four Widening Participation programs at Western Sydney University (WSU). The programs evaluated were Fast Forward, Strive Towards Educational Participation and Success (STEPS), First Foot Forward, and Pasifika Achievement To Higher Education (PATHE). The overlapping aim amongst the four programs is to increase higher education participation rates, particularly for students coming from low socio-economic backgrounds. The SROI framework provided a holistic analysis by intertwining qualitative and quantitative data. The analysis showed that each program-albeit with differences-produced a …

Implications For Covid-19: A Systematic Review Of Nurses’ Experiences Of Working In Acute Care Hospital Settings During A Respiratory Pandemic, Ritin S. Fernandez, Heidi Lord, Elizabeth J. Halcomb, Lorna Moxham, Rebekkah Middleton, Ibrahim M. Alananzeh, Laura Ellwood

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B

Background Pandemics and epidemics are a public health emergencies that can result in substantial deaths and socio-economic disruption. Nurses play a key role in the public health response to such crises, delivering direct patient care and risk of exposure to the infectious disease. The experience of providing nursing care in this context has the potential to have significant short and long term consequences for individuals, society and the nursing profession. Objectives To synthesize and present the best available evidence on the experiences of nurses working in acute hospital settings during a pandemic. Design This review was conducted using the Joanna …

Whole Grain Consumption And Human Health: An Umbrella Review Of Observational Studies, Maria Tieri, Francesca Ghelfi, Marilena Vitale, Claudia Vetrani, Stefano Marventano, Alessandra Lafranconi, Justyna Godos, Lucilla Titta, Angelo Gambera, Elena Alonzo, Salvatore Sciacca, Gabriele Riccardi, Silvio Buscemi, Daniele Del Rio, Sumantra Ray, Fabio Galvano, Eleanor J. Beck, Giuseppe Grosso

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B

Whole grains have been associated with a number of health benefits. We systematically reviewed existing meta-analyses of observational studies and evaluated the level of evidence for their putative effects based on pre-selected criteria. Of the 23 included studies, we found convincing evidence of an inverse association between whole grain consumption and risk of type-2 diabetes and colorectal cancer; possible evidence of decreased risk of colon cancer and cardiovascular mortality with increased whole grain intake, as well as increased risk of prostate cancer. Limited or insufficient evidence was available for all other outcomes investigated. Overall findings are encouraging for a positive …

Diagnostic Performance Of Delirium Assessment Tools In Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review And Meta‐Analysis, Mu-Hsing Ho, Amy E. Montgomery, Victoria Traynor, Chia-Chi Chang, Ken N. Kuo, H.C. Chang, Kee-Hsin Chen

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B

Background Critical care nurses are in the best position to detect and monitor delirium in critically ill patients. Therefore, an optimum delirium assessment tool with strong evidence should be identified with critical care nurses to perform in the daily assessment. Aim To evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of delirium assessment tools in diagnosing delirium in critically ill patients. Methods We searched five electronic databases including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and a Chinese database for eligible diagnostic studies published in English or Mandarin up to December 2018. This diagnostic test accuracy meta‐analysis was limited to studies in intensive …

The Role Of Diet In The Prevention Of Diabetes Among Women With Prior Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review Of Intervention And Observational Studies, Ellie D'Arcy, Jessica Rayner, Allison Hodge, Lynda Ross, Danielle A. J. M Schoenaker

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B

Background Women with prior gestational diabetes (GDM) have an increased lifetime risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There are no up-to-date systematic reviews analyzing the relationship of diet with risk of developing T2DM following GDM. Objective To systematically review the evidence from intervention and observational studies on effects of dietary interventions and associations of dietary intake with T2DM outcomes in women with a GDM history. Methods Six electronic databases were searched (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, Medline, Cochrane Central, Proquest, and Scopus) for articles published until May 2019. This review includes intervention and observational …

Endogenous Doesn’T Always Mean Innocuous: A Scoping Review Of Iron Toxicity By Inhalation, Jody Morgan, Robin J. Bell, Alison L. Jones

Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute

Ambient air pollution is a leading risk factor for the global burden of disease. One possible pathway of particulate matter (PM)-induced toxicity is through iron (Fe), the most abundant metal in the atmosphere. The aim of the review was to consider the complexity of Fe-mediated toxicity following inhalation exposure focusing on the chemical and surface reactivity of Fe as a transition metal and possible pathways of toxicity via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation as well as considerations of size, morphology, and source of PM. A broad term search of 4 databases identified 2189 journal articles and reports examining exposure to …

Computer Vision And Iot-Based Sensors In Flood Monitoring And Mapping: A Systematic Review, Bilal Arshad, Robert Ighodaro Ogie, Johan Barthelemy, Biswajeet Pradhan, Nicolas R. Verstaevel, Pascal Perez

SMART Infrastructure Facility - Papers

Floods are amongst the most common and devastating of all natural hazards. The alarming number of flood-related deaths and financial losses suffered annually across the world call for improved response to flood risks. Interestingly, the last decade has presented great opportunities with a series of scholarly activities exploring how camera images and wireless sensor data from Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks can improve flood management. This paper presents a systematic review of the literature regarding IoT-based sensors and computer vision applications in flood monitoring and mapping. The paper contributes by highlighting the main computer vision techniques and IoT sensor approaches utilised in …

School-University Partnerships In Australia: A Systematic Literature Review, Corinne Green, Sharon K. Tindall-Ford, Michelle J. Eady

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Across Australia and around the world, school-university partnerships have been advocated by researchers and policymakers as a means of bridging the perceived theory-practice divide for which teacher education programs have been criticised. A range of literature exists that explores school-university partnerships either from a theoretical perspective, or grounded in specific examples. As these pieces of research typically provide an overview of school-university partnerships in general, or rely on findings from one or two partnerships, a broad understanding of partnerships and the research gaps that remain can be difficult to ascertain. This paper presents a systematic literature review to provide collective …

Supporting Self-Regulated Learning In Online Learning Environments And Moocs: A Systematic Review, Jacqueline Wong, Martine Baars, Dan Davis, Tim Van Der Zee, Geert-Jan Houben, Fred Paas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) allow learning to take place anytime and anywhere with little external monitoring by teachers. Characteristically, highly diverse groups of learners enrolled in MOOCs are required to make decisions related to their own learning activities to achieve academic success. Therefore, it is considered important to support self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies and adapt to relevant human factors (e.g., gender, cognitive abilities, prior knowledge). SRL supports have been widely investigated in traditional classroom settings, but little is known about how SRL can be supported in MOOCs. Very few experimental studies have been conducted in MOOCs at present. To …

Diagnostic Accuracy Of Delirium Assessment Tools In Critical Ill Patients: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Mu-Hsing Ho, Amy Montgomery, Kee-Hsin Chen, H.C. Chang, Victoria Traynor

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B

Abstract presented at The Australian and New Zealand Society for Geriatric Medicine Annual Scientific Meeting, 13-15 May 2019, Adelaide, Australia

Recreational Ecology: A Review Of Research And Gap Analysis, Daminda Sumanapala, Isabelle D. Wolf

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Recreational ecology is an internationally evolving research field addressing the high demand for nature-based tourism and recreation, and its environmental impacts. This review aimed to analyze the research effort of recreational ecology studies published in four renowned journals in the field, the Journal of Sustainable Tourism, Tourism Management, the Journal of Environmental Management, and Environmental Management. Between 1976 and 2017, this review identified 145 papers focused on recreational ecology. The majority of research investigated the direct impacts of terrestrial activities in protected areas, in particular the impacts of walking and hiking on vegetation and trail conditions, and the impacts of …

Submission To The Nsw Law Reform Commission Review Into Consent In Relation To Sexual Offences: Draft Proposals 18 November 2019, Julia Quilter, Luke J. Mcnamara

Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

How Do We Consider The Impact Of Clinical Supervisor Education? A Participatory Literature Review, Maria T. Mackay, Katherine Riley, Jan Dewing

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B

Background: This research forms the initial part of a PhD research study, based in the critical paradigm, with an emphasis on developing education strategies that impact on learning in the non-classroom setting. The focus of this article is the education required to enable clinical supervisors to undertake their role supporting nursing students in clinical practice.

Aims: There are two aims of this literature review. First, to determine what peer-reviewed, published literature reveals concerning effective learning and teaching strategies for clinical supervisor education. Second, to gain an understanding from a group of clinical supervisors of their perspective on the literature review …

A Theoretical Review Of Psychological Resilience: Defining Resilience And Resilience Research Over The Decades, Shae-Leigh C. Vella, Nagesh B. Pai

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B

Recent times have seen a shift in interest from a focus upon the deficits of individuals to a focus upon individual's strengths. Resilience is a positive psychology construct that has been investigated for decades, prior to this paradigm shift. This article reviews definitions of resilience over time. Although there is no single agreed definition; resilience is commonly described as the ability to bounce back. The risk of stress and negative life events in triggering mental illness has long been recognized. Similarly, the positive outcomes of some individuals to highly adverse situations have also been of interest for a long time. …

Nurses' Experiences Of Working In Rural Hospitals: An Integrative Review, Sarah Smith, Jenny Sim, Elizabeth J. Halcomb

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B

Aim: To critically analyse the international literature describing the experiences of nurses working in rural hospitals.Background: Nursing shortages in rural areas is an ongoing issue. Given the significant role nurses play in the delivery of rural health care, a sufficient workforce is essential. However, maintaining this workforce is challenging. Understanding the experiences of nurses working in rural hospitals is essential to inform strategies around job satisfaction and staff retention.Evaluation: An integrative review was conducted. Six primary sources were included related to the experiences of nurses working in rural hospitals.Results: Four themes emerged, namely: (a) Professional Development; (b) …

A Systematic Review Of The Effectiveness Of Empathy Education For Undergraduate Nursing Students, Tracy Levett-Jones, Robyn Cant, Samuel Lapkin

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B

Objective

The objective of this systematic review was to identify, critically appraise and synthesize evidence for the effectiveness of empathy interventions in undergraduate nursing education.

Design

A systematic review of literature.

Data Sources

A three-stage systematic search of six electronic databases was conducted.

Review Methods

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guided the review. English language articles published between 2000 and 2018 were eligible. Methodological rigour was examined using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument. Changes in empathy were assessed using Cohen's effect size correlation (r) and reported as effective when the variance was …

The Impact Of Curriculum On Nursing Students' Attitudes, Perceptions And Preparedness To Work In Primary Health Care: An Integrative Review, Kaara Ray Calma, Elizabeth J. Halcomb, Moira Stephens

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B

Background The ageing population and growing burden of chronic disease has increased demands for primary health care services, necessitating growth of this nursing workforce. Studies have explored strategies in retaining nurses, employment conditions in primary health care, and transitioning of acute care nurses to primary health care employment. Few studies have explored how undergraduate nursing students perceive and are prepared to work in this sector. Aim This review synthesises evidence on the impact of undergraduate curriculum on nursing students' attitudes, perceptions and preparedness to work in primary health care. Design An integrative literature review guided the synthesis of evidence. Data …

Reliability, Validity And Generalizability Of Multidimensional Pain Assessment Tools Used In Postoperative Adult Patients: A Systematic Review Protocol, Samuel Lapkin, Ritin S. Fernandez, Laura Ellwood, Ashish Diwan

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B

Objective: The objective of this review is to evaluate the measurement properties of multidimensional pain assessment tools for postoperative pain in adults. Introduction: Effective postoperative pain management increases patient safety and satisfaction, and reduces healthcare costs. The most commonly used postoperative pain assessment tools only evaluate pain intensity, which is only one aspect of the sensory dimension of pain. Pain is a subjective phenomenon, and variability exists among patients. Efforts are underway to incorporate multidimensional assessment tools for postoperative pain assessment in clinical practice. Inclusion criteria: Eligible studies will include postoperative patients aged 18 years and older from all surgical …

Improved Performance Of Ballasted Tracks At Transition Zones: A Review Of Experimental And Modelling Approaches, Buddhima Indraratna, Muhammad Babar Sajjad, Ngoc Trung Ngo, A Correia, Richard B. Kelly

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Track transitionssuch as bridge approaches, road crossings and shifts from slab track to ballasted track are common locations wheretrack degradation accelerates due to dynamic and high impact forces; as a consequence there is higher differential settlement. Thesetypes of discontinuities cause an abrupt change in the structural responseof the track due mainly tovariations in stiffness and track damping. Track transitionzones are prone to an accelerated deterioration of track material and geometrythat leads to increased maintenance costs.Track deteriorationalso leads to vehicle degradation due to enhanced acceleration, low frequency oscillation, and high frequency vibrations. While ballastdeterioration is amajor factor affecting thestability and longevity …

Dynamic Service Analytics Capabilities For Service Systems In The Global Big Data Economy - A Systematic Review And Agenda For Future Research, Shahriar Akter, Saradhi Motamarri, Mujahid M. Babu, Mario Fernando, Samuel Fosso Wamba, Kathy Ning Shen

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

Extended abstract presented at the Data, Organisations and Society Conference, 21 November 2018, Coventry, United Kingdom

What Is The Impact Of Professional Learning On Physical Activity Interventions Among Preschool Children? A Systematic Review, Michele Peden, Anthony D. Okely, Michelle J. Eady, Rachel A. Jones

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate professional learning models (length, mode, content) offered as part of objectively measured physical childcare-based interventions. A systematic review of eight electronic databases was conducted to June 2017. Only English, peer-reviewed studies that evaluated childcare-based physical activity interventions, incorporated professional learning and reported objectively measured physical activity were included. Study designs included randomized controlled trails, cluster randomized trials, experimental or pilot studies. The search identified 11 studies. Ten studies objectively measured physical activity using accelerometers; five studies used both accelerometer and direct observation tools and one study measured physical activity using direct …

Serious Mental Illness, Neighborhood Disadvantage, And Type 2 Diabetes Risk: A Systematic Review Of The Literature, Ramya Walsan, Andrew D. Bonney, Darren J. Mayne, Nagesh B. Pai, Xiaoqi Feng, Renin Melkias Baby Selvi Toms

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B

Aim of the Study: This review aims to systematically synthesize the body of literature examining the association between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and serious mental illness (SMI)-type 2 diabetes (T2D) co-occurrence. Methods: We conducted an electronic search of four databases: PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science. Studies were considered eligible if they were published in English, peer reviewed, quantitative, and focused on the association between neighborhood disadvantage and SMI-T2D comorbidity. Study conduct and reporting complied with PRISMA guidelines, and the protocol is made available at PROSPERO (CRD42017083483). Results: The one eligible study identified reported a higher burden of T2D in …

A Systematic Review Of The Effect Of Cannabidiol On Cognitive Function: Relevance To Schizophrenia, Ashleigh L. Osborne, Nadia Solowij, Katrina Weston-Green

Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute

Background and objectives Cognitive impairment is a core symptom domain of schizophrenia, neurological disorders and substance abuse. It is characterised by deficits in learning, memory, attention and executive functioning and can severely impact daily living. Antipsychotic drugs prescribed to treat schizophrenia provide limited cognitive benefits and novel therapeutic targets are required. Cannabidiol (CBD), a component of the cannabis plant, has anti-inflammatory and antipsychotic-like properties; however, its ability to improve cognitive impairment has not been thoroughly explored. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate preclinical and clinical literature on the effects of CBD in cognitive domains relevant to schizophrenia. …

Exploring Patient And Family Involvement In The Lifecycle Of An Orphan Drug: A Scoping Review, Andrea Young, Devidas Menson, Jacqueline M. Street, Walla Al-Hertani, Tania Stafinski

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Patients and their families have become more active in healthcare systems and research. The value of patient involvement is particularly relevant in the area of rare diseases, where patients face delayed diagnoses and limited access to effective therapies due to the high level of uncertainty in market approval and reimbursement decisions. It has been suggested that patient involvement may help to reduce some of these uncertainties. This review explored existing and proposed roles for patients, families, and patient organizations at each stage of the lifecycle of therapies for rare diseases (i.e., orphan drug lifecycle). Methods: A scoping review was …

Holistic Sludge Management Through Ozonation: A Critical Review, Galilee U. Semblante, Faisal I. Hai, Dionysios D. Dionysiou, Kensuke Fukushi, William E. Price, Long D. Nghiem

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

This paper critically reviews the multidimensional benefits of ozonation in wastewater treatment plants. These benefits include sludge reduction, removal of emerging trace organic contaminants (TrOC) from wastewater and sludge, and resource recovery from sludge. Literature shows that ozonation leads to sludge solubilisation, reducing overall biomass yield. Sludge solubilisation is primarily influenced by ozone dosage, which, in turn, depends on the fraction of ozonated sludge, ozone concentration, and sludge concentration. Additionally, sludge ozonation facilitates the removal of TrOCs from wastewater. On the other hand, by inducing cell lysis, ozonation increases the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nutrient concentration of the sludge …

Game-Based Interventions And Their Impact On Dementia: A Narrative Review, Jiaying Zheng, Xueping Chen, Ping Yu

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Objective: The aim of this review was to examine the efficacy of game-based interventions for people with dementia. Methods: Seven studies that met the inclusion criteria were found in four databases. Their interventions and key findings were analysed and synthesised. Results: Game-based interventions for people with dementia are showing promise for improving cognition, coordination and behavioural and psychological symptoms. The generalisability of the findings is limited by weak methodology and small sample size. Conclusions: Game-based interventions can improve cognition, coordination and behavioural and psychological symptoms for people with dementia. Future research should include methodological improvement and practice guideline development.

The Impact Of Structured Physical Activity On Glycaemic Control In Diabetes Prevention Programs: A Systematic Review, Joseph Edwards, Hassan Hosseinzadeh

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Seven landmark randomised controlled trials, with some that began as early as the 1990s, observed the prediabetic state, namely, impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose conditions, against the impact of lifestyle interventions such as physical activity, to prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition to the landmark trials, this systematic review examines 14 studies that retained a focus on prediabetic individuals and measured the efficacy of physical activity on improving glucose tolerance. Results: Type, duration and intensity of structured physical activity can have unique benefits to prediabetic individuals. It is posited that diabetes …

Algal Supplementation Of Vegetarian Eating Patterns Improves Plasma And Serum Docosahexaenoic Acid Concentrations And Omega-3 Indices: A Systematic Literature Review, Joel Craddock, Elizabeth Neale, Yasmine Probst, Gregory E. Peoples

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Vegetarians are likely to have lower intakes of preformed docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) than omnivorous populations who consume fish and animal products. As such, vegetarian populations have omega-3 indices up to 60% lower than those who consume marine products. Algae, the primary producer of DHA in the marine food chain, offer an alternative source of DHA for those who do not consume marine or animal products. This systematic review aims to examine the evidence for the relationship between supplementation with algal forms of DHA and increased DHA concentrations in vegetarian populations. The SCOPUS, Science Direct and Web of Science scientific databases …

A Narrative Review Of Potential Treatment Strategies For Food Addiction, Shae-Leigh C. Vella, Nagesh B. Pai

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The concept of food addiction (FA) remains controversial with research being in the nascent stages; FA like any addiction can have a devastating impact on the lives of those afflicted. There exists a clinical need for treatment strategies for those affected. This article reviews potential treatment strategies for FA. The treatment strategies target four core behaviours of the addiction phenotype specifically craving through the opioid system, impulsivity as a personality trait, compulsivity through the serotonergic system and lastly motivation through the dopaminergic system. A range of pharmacological and psychological interventions are reviewed. Future research should seek to test and validate …

A Systematic Review Of Intervention Studies Examining Nutritional And Herbal Therapies For Mild Cognitive Impairment And Dementia Using Neuroimaging Methods: Study Characteristics And Intervention Efficacy, Genevieve Z. Steiner, Danielle Mathersul, Freya Macmillan, David A. Camfield, Nerida Klupp, Sai Seto, Yong Huang, Mark Hohenberg, Dennis Chang

Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute

Neuroimaging facilitates the assessment of complementary medicines (CMs) by providing a noninvasive insight into their mechanisms of action in the human brain. This is important for identifying the potential treatment options for target disease cohorts with complex pathophysiologies. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate study characteristics, intervention efficacy, and the structural and functional neuroimaging methods used in research assessing nutritional and herbal medicines for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Six databases were searched for articles reporting on CMs, dementia, and neuroimaging methods. Data were extracted from 21/2,742 eligible full text articles and risk of bias was …