Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Censored Cover From Gerardus Toen In Amsterdam To Dr. Arthur Wiederkehr, Mediator For Visas In Switzerland
Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection
Envelope with two green postage stamps marked “NEDERLAND” in upper right corner, addressed to “Herrn Rechtsanwalt Dr. ARTHUR WIEDERKEHR” printed in center, “Zürich” underlined.
Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: Wiederkehr was a somewhat controversial figure, an attorney who was in a position to help Jews in distressed circumstances in Europe arrange for emigration to Switzerland. To some in the American legation in Switzerland, however, he was more than just a well-connected, virtuous benefactor helping Jews escape the clutches of the Nazis; rather, he was considered a mercenary, an opportunistic middleman between the Nazis and Jews, ensuring his cut of …
Censored Letter From Prisoner In Hertogenbosch Concentration Camp, Saartje Turksma-Cohen, To Dieren, Netherlands
Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection
Letter includes “CONCENTRATIEKAMP ‘S HERTOGENBOSCH AUFFANGLAGER” printed in upper left corner, “K.L. ‘S HERTOGENBOSCH AUFFANGLAGER” printed and underlined at bottom of right side.
Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:
Three-page censored letter from Jewish prisoner Saartje Turksma-Cohen, from Doesburg, Netherlands. She was to be transported with her husband Mozes - four months after writing this letter - to Auschwitz, where she perished September 17, 1943 at the age of 45.
Hertogenbosch, also known as Vught, was a concentration camp located in Vught in the Netherlands. Vught and Natzweiler were the only two concentration camps run by the SS in Western …
Official Netherlands Postcard With Reply, Referencing Jews Forbidden To Have Postal Accounts
Official Netherlands Postcard With Reply, Referencing Jews Forbidden To Have Postal Accounts
Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection
Postcard marked “POSTCHEQUE EN GIRODIENST” in black print in upper left corner. Back dated “15 FEB. 1943” stamped in purple.
Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:
One of the many edicts that came from German occupation headquarters in the Netherlands meant to deprive Jews of their civil rights are those regulating Jewish assets. This official postcard references the ruling that “With regard to the treatment of Jewish financial assets, it is no longer permitted, on the instructions of the competent authorities, to hold postal account… It is necessary…to investigate whether the holders of postal accounts are Jewish…” The person receiving …
Information Card For Ester De Wolf Of Rotterdam, Netherlands
Information Card For Ester De Wolf Of Rotterdam, Netherlands
Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection
Document includes “Gemeente ROTTERDAM” in black print in upper left corner, dated “21 Januari 1943” in bottom right corner, “GEMEENTE ROTTER” stamped in red near bottom.
Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:
Population Register on Ester de Wolf, born in 1850, highlighting that she is Jewish.
Postcard Sent From Westerbork Camp
Postcard Sent From Westerbork Camp
Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection
Front: Tan postcard with green printed postcard lines and stamp. Includes writing in black ink and black hand stamps.Back: Message written in black ink.
Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: Postcard from Westerbork, a transit camp in the Netherlands from which Jews were typically deported to death camps such as Auschwitz. Among the many prisoners who passed through this camp were Anne Frank and Etty Hillesum, both diarists who were eventually deported to Auschwitz.
Signed Attestation From The Netherlands Stating That Individual And Family Are Not Jewish
Signed Attestation From The Netherlands Stating That Individual And Family Are Not Jewish
Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection
Black printed writing on thin paper with green ink handwriting filling the the blanks. “06o4” is written in red pencil on the top left corner.
Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:
Following the rollout of similar measures in April 1933 in Germany, the Dutch Ministry of the Interior were instructed by the German occupation authority to purge the government and public bureaucracies of Jews. An individual of aryan origin would be defined by having no Jewish blood among his or her grandparents (two sets) or historical membership in a Jewish community. Marrying an individual fully or partially of Jewish blood …
Censored Postcard From Gerrid De Haas In Hertogenbosch To Judenrat (Joodsche Raad) In Amsterdam, Netherlands
Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection
Postcard with two holes punched near top, “DRUKWERK” printed in bold, black print at top, addressed to “Gerrid de Haas. Back includes “Regu” in center.
Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:
Mr. Gerrid de Haas, prisoner at Hertogenbosch, acknowledges receipt of package. Hertogenbosch censor marking.
Hertogenbosch, also known as Vught, was a concentration camp located in Vught in the Netherlands. Vught and Natzweiler were the only two concentration camps run by the SS in Western Europe. Hertogenbosch was first utilized in 1943 to supplement the transit camps of Westerbork and Amersfoort before prisoners’ ultimate deportation to extermination centers such as …