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Postcard From Opole

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Front: Tan postcard with message written in black cursive ink. Includes some damage on upper right corner. Back: Printed black postcard lines with writing in black cursive ink. Includes a blue Judenrat and black circular hand stamps, a pasted green stamp depicting a piazza and statue on the upper right corner, and several markings in purple pencil.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: Postcard franked General Gouvernement 12 pfg tied Opole 12/2/1942 cds, with circular "POSTVERMITTLUNGS STELLE JUDENRAT OPOLE (LUBLIN) 12/11/1942." Written in German, the postcard was sent to a family member in Vienna. Opole was in the Lublin district …

Postcard From Opatow

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Front: Tan postcard with writing in black cursive ink. Includes a note on bottom left corner. Back: Printed purple postcard lines with writing in black cursive ink. Includes purple and black hand stamps, and a printed purple stamp in upper right showing a piazza with a statue.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: General Gouvernement 12 pfg postcard cancelled 10/6/1942. Boxed violet cachet "JUDENRAT OPATOW Postabteilung 2." Opatow was in the Kielce District of Poland. Jews had been living in this area since the 16th century. Occupied in 1939 by the Germans, a Judenrat was set up in early 1941, …

Arrest Warrant From Vilna Ghetto

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Tan paper with typewritten words, and writing in purple, green, and blue pencil, and black ink. Includes a large red hand stamp in the upper left, and signature on the right.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

One of four arrest warrants bearing Vilna (Vilnius: Lithuanian) Ghetto handstamp in violet and red. Of the more than 60,000 Jews living in Vilnius before the German occupation, 21,000 were murdered over the course of the summer of 1941 by German troops, Einsatzgruppen A, and their Lithuanian collaborators. The effort was to establish a ghetto to imprison all Jews of Vilna and suburbs …

Postcards From Lublin Ghetto

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Front: Tan card with typewritten message, black signature, and red stamp.Back: Printed red postcard lines with embelisshed border. Includes red, purple, pink, green and black hand stamps, and typewritten information.Front: Initally stapled to the first postcard. Red stamp in bottom left corner.Back: Printed red postcard lines with embellished border. Typewritten information.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

Censored Slovakian reply card showing violet GENERAL GOUVERNEMENT JUDENRAT LUBLIN and red Lagerpost Gepruft (checked) Reply portion still attached and unused. Joseph Bonisch is trying to reach his parents and states that “We are very worried because we know nothing of you.” Red …

Postcard From Kamionka Ghetto

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Front: Tan postcard with writing in black cursive ink, an ink blot on the top, and a red smudge on the bottom.Back: Printed purple postcard lines with writing in black cursive ink. Includes a printed purple stamp in upper right corner depicting a piazza with a green pasted stamp next to it depicting a church, as well as red, purple, green and black hand stamps, and a red hand stamp down the length of the left side.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

General Gouvernment postal stationery card with additional 20 pfg. stamp from Matilda Neuman to Dr. Ernest Fleischaker …

Postcard From Miedzyrzec Podlaski

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Front: Tan postcard with writting in black cursive ink. Several words in pencil are interspersed through the message. Back: Printed purple postcard lines with writing in black cursive ink. Includes a red stamp along the left side, black and blue hand stamps, several pencil markings, and a printed purple stamp on upper right depicting a church.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

Censored General Gouvernement postcard MIEDZYRZEC, LUBLIN DISTRICT, dated June 5, 1942. From Julius Weiss to Engineer Alexander in Bratislava. Violet "JUDENRAT IM MIEDZYRZEC..." cachet and Nazi censor alongside. Miedzyrzec Podlaski was a center of Jewish cultural life for …

Postcard From Przemysl Ghetto To Alfred Schwarzbaum In Switzerland

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Front: Tan postcard with writing in black cursive ink. Back: Black printed postcard lines and text with writing in black and blue ink. Includes red, blue and black hand stamps, as well as some damage from a paperclip on the upper left, and several pencil markings on bottom right.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

Censored card missing stamp to Alfred Schwarzbaum in Lausanne bearing "EINGELIEFERT AM SCHALTER." Card written May 18, 1942. The Jewish community in Przemysl dates to the 10th century. By 1931, there were over 17,000 Jews living in this town in the Warsaw District of Poland. …

Postcard From Izbica Ghetto

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Front: Tan card with writing in black cursive ink.Back: Black printed postcard lines with writing in black cursive. Includes a purple pasted stamp depicting a building, a black and purple hand stamps, and a long red stamp across the left side.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

Postcard sent by Selme Greenbaum in Izbica to Helene Schloss in Goteborg, Sweden. "JUDENRAT IZBICA" in violet, message in German and red Nazi censor markings alongside. Izbica is a town in the Lublin district in Poland. The first Jewish families settled in the late 18th century and soon comprised over 90 percent of …

Postcard From Kielce Ghetto

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Front: Tan postcard with writing in black cursive ink.Back: Printed purple postcard lines with writing in black cursive ink. Includes red, purple and black hand stamps, pencil markings, and two pasted stamps, including one red stamp showing a building, and one purple stamp showing a church.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

General Gouvernement 30 pfg. Postcard with additional 1z., from J. Raufman at Kielce to Alfred Szwarcbaum, Lausanne, Switzerland, showing violet boxed "FLUGPOST." Nazi censor markings, dated March 13, 1942. Kielce was settled by Jews in 1819. They were expelled in 1845. The ban was lifted in 1863 and …

Postcard From Radomsko Ghetto: Anna Rozenbaum To Alfred Szwarcbaum In Switzerland

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Front: Tan postcard with writing in blue cursive ink. Back: Printed purple postcard lines with writing in blue cursive ink. Includes blue, purple and black hand stamps, and a printed purple stamp in upper right.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

General Government 30 pfg cancelled Radomsko (District Radom) 3/7/1942 with two-line violet "Aeltestenrat Radomska Postabteilung" indicating the Jewish Elders of the ghetto, from Anna Rozenbaum to Alfred Szwarcbaum, the Polish benefactor who escaped to Lausanne, Switzerland and helped Jews. Written in Polish 2/271942. Radomsko was in the Lodz district of Poland but the Radom district of the General Government, …

Arrest Warrant From Vilna Ghetto

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Tan paper with typewritten words and blanks, filled in with pencil. Includes other writing in gray and red pencil, pencil in signature on bottom right, and a purple stamp on bottom left.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

One of four arrest warrants bearing Vilna (Vilnius: Lithuanian) Ghetto handstamp in violet and red. Of the more than 60,000 Jews living in Vilnius before the German occupation, 21,000 were murdered over the course of the summer of 1941 by German troops, Einsatzgruppen A, and their Lithuanian collaborators. The effort was to establish a ghetto to imprison all Jews of Vilna and …

Postcard From Kosow-Lacki Ghetto

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Front: Tan postcard with writing in black cursive ink.Back: Printed purple postcard lines with writing in black cursive ink. Includes black, red, and purple hand stamps, as well as some markings in grey and blue pencil, and a printed purple stamp depicting a building on the upper right corner.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: Kosow-Lacki. 1942. General Government 30 pfg. postcard from a Ch. Cegvel at Kosow to A. Rudy, Paris, France. Three line violet "Postamt beim Judenrat in Kosow Kreis Sokolow." Message in Polish. Nazi censor markings alongside. Jews had lived in Kosow-Lacki since the end of the …

Arrest Warrant From Vilna Ghetto

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Front: Tan paper with writing in pencil and blue ink, pink stamps in upper lefthand and lower righthand corners, and a pencil signature. Back: Blue cursive writing.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash: One of four arrest warrants bearing Vilna (Vilnius: Lithuanian) Ghetto handstamp in violet and red. Of the more than 60,000 Jews living in Vilnius before the German occupation, 21,000 were murdered over the course of the summer of 1941 by German troops, Einsatzgruppen A, and their Lithuanian collaborators. The effort was to establish a ghetto to imprison all Jews of Vilna and suburbs in the old Jewish …

Modliborzyce Ghetto In Lublin District Postcard From Judenrat To Relico

Bulmash Family Holocaust Collection

Front: Tan postcard with black printed text and dotted lines, filled in with blue cursive ink. Includes a long red line through the card, and other red text, as well as numerical and date hand stamps. Back: Black printed postcard lines and address. Includes long red hand stamp across top of card, purple and black hand stamps, pasted purple stamp of a church on upper right, and several pencil markings.

Information Provided by Michael D. Bulmash:

Censored "RELICO" card from Frieda Gold of the ghetto at Modliborzyce with the cachet of the JUDENRAT in violet to the RELICO Committee acknowledging …