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Articles 241 - 260 of 260
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Street Gangs: A Modeling Approach To Evaluation "At Risk" Youth, Bernard Jacob Loeffelholz
Street Gangs: A Modeling Approach To Evaluation "At Risk" Youth, Bernard Jacob Loeffelholz
Theses and Dissertations
Street gangs have plagued the United States for decades. One focus of current gang prevention efforts strives to reduce the number of new recruits to local street gangs. This research proposes the uses of modeling and decision analysis to aid in identifying potentially “at risk” children likely to join a street gang in Montgomery County, Ohio. A stronger means of identification of “at risk” children can lead to a more efficient placement of resources to reduce the number of street gang recruits. The approach also aids in differentiating between neighborhoods to help focus efforts. Information obtained from value-focused thinking (VFT) …
A Cocitation Analysis Of Crisis Management Literature, Elizabeth A. Yesué
A Cocitation Analysis Of Crisis Management Literature, Elizabeth A. Yesué
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis addresses the need for a structured mapping of academic literature relating to crisis management. An overview of current crisis management literature is provided, highlighting the gap and concentrating on predominant themes that have been identified in previous reviews, as well as those extracted from influential works. A review of bibliometric methodology is highlighted to address the gap. Research goals are named and the phased methodology necessary to meet those goals is outlined and followed. Results are covered in detail: The resultant factor analysis and multidimensional scaling confirm previous efforts to taxonomize the literature, further reinforcing the call to …
Impacts Of Weather Variations On Energy Consumption Efforts At U.S. Air Force Installations, James S. Griffin
Impacts Of Weather Variations On Energy Consumption Efforts At U.S. Air Force Installations, James S. Griffin
Theses and Dissertations
Energy consumption is a national concern, as evidenced by federal laws aimed toward facility energy conservation measures for federal organizations. Factors, primarily weather variables, that significantly impact energy consumption must be addressed and understood to align resources and programs to meet federal energy reduction goals. An energy model was created and tested to produce an appropriate forecasting tool for energy consumption. Energy demand at Air Force installations primarily depends on climatic conditions, with a small portion attributed to a base level of non-climatic conditions, such as interior lighting and appliance loads. By gathering all energy consumption and meteorological data covering …
A Decision Tool To Evaluate Budgeting Methodologies For Estimating Facility Recapitalization Requirements, Krista M. Hickman
A Decision Tool To Evaluate Budgeting Methodologies For Estimating Facility Recapitalization Requirements, Krista M. Hickman
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research was to develop a decision tool to assist in the evaluation of facility recapitalization budget estimation models to determine which model was best suited for a particular organization. Specifically, this thesis sought to answer an overarching research question addressing the importance of recapitalization and the best method to estimate the facility recapitalization budget using the Department of Defense (DoD) as the subject of the research. A comprehensive literature review revealed ten existing recapitalization model alternatives to consider for implementation. The methodology used to develop a decision tool was based on the Value Focused Thinking (VFT) …
Bibliometrically Mapping Team Cognition Literature: A Co-Citation Analysis, Ryan A. Howell
Bibliometrically Mapping Team Cognition Literature: A Co-Citation Analysis, Ryan A. Howell
Theses and Dissertations
Researchers investigating team cognition must source and review a challenging set of relevant, mature literature from a diverse array of academic disciplines. Such disciplines may include psychology, management, information science, military science, anthropology, and nursing science, etc. This thesis summarizes an effort to bibliometrically map team cognition literature using an author co-citation analysis methodology. The work began with a traditional literature review that identified key authors who were published in peer-reviewed journals. These authors were contacted and asked to provide their own listings of key researchers in the field, which were used in conjunction with the Social Sciences Citation Index …
Physical Attractiveness, Social Network Location, And Performance In The Military, Janell M. Lott
Physical Attractiveness, Social Network Location, And Performance In The Military, Janell M. Lott
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research is to provide insight into the effect of physical attractiveness on social network location and performance in a military environment. This study sought to prove five hypotheses regarding the many interactions among physical attractiveness, social network location, and objective and subjective performance ratings. Specifically, a mediation and moderation model were proposed to capture the relationships among the three variables. For mediation, a causal relationship was found from physical attractiveness to centrality to performance. In other words, physical attractiveness influences centrality, which in turn influences performance. Moderation results suggest that physical attractiveness influences the relationship between …
Sustainable Design Policy And Leadership In Energy And Environmental Design Certification, David M. Nyikos
Sustainable Design Policy And Leadership In Energy And Environmental Design Certification, David M. Nyikos
Theses and Dissertations
The 2007 Air Force Sustainable Development and Design Policy mandates the use of Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED ) criteria for military construction projects. Additionally, the policy authorizes adding two percent of the original building budget to the total building budget in order to fund the resulting sustainable design costs. To determine if the specific sustainable design goals of this policy had statistical support in the population of LEED certified buildings, the author gathered construction, cost, and utility data on a sample of 160 LEED certified buildings. Simple correlation and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the resulting …
An Analysis Of The Design-Build Delivery Method In Air Force Military Construction, James W. Rosner
An Analysis Of The Design-Build Delivery Method In Air Force Military Construction, James W. Rosner
Theses and Dissertations
The design-build method for construction project delivery continues to grow in both the private and public sector. Several government agencies have observed, through experience with design-build, positive results which give “anecdotal” credibility to design-build methods. The objective of this study is to compare the performance of the design-build delivery method with traditional design-bid-build approaches for Air Force (AF) military construction (MILCON). Data related to 835 (278 design-build, 557 traditional) MILCON projects were gathered from the Automated Civil Engineer System – Project Management Module (ACES-PM) for Fiscal Years 1996-2006. The design-build method had better performance for six of eight metrics with …
Optimal Adoption Of Green Roofs: Hydrology And Public Finance Applications, Luke D. Stumme
Optimal Adoption Of Green Roofs: Hydrology And Public Finance Applications, Luke D. Stumme
Theses and Dissertations
New growth within established communities puts undue pressure on existing infrastructure which in turn, drives tax rate increases for all residents to cover. However, there are sustainable methods that municipalities can turn to that diminishes the local impacts of new growth on the community. Based on the absorptive nature of green roofs, the delayed release of stored rainfall volume diminishes the instances of combined sewer outflows as well as reduces the need for increased infrastructure to convey and treat stormwater discharge. A municipality can introduce planned percentages of green roof coverage which will diminish infrastructure improvement costs over time and …
How A Multidimensional View Of Perceived Organizational Support Impacts Self-Efficacy And Task Understanding During Training For Boundary Spanning Tasks, R. Scott Wallace
How A Multidimensional View Of Perceived Organizational Support Impacts Self-Efficacy And Task Understanding During Training For Boundary Spanning Tasks, R. Scott Wallace
Theses and Dissertations
Perceived organizational support (POS), defined as how much employees feel the organization they work for cares for them and assists them in their needs, has been traditionally characterized in a single dimension. This study examines the implications of a multidimensional view of POS. POS was separated into three different dimensions based on the organizational level from which support can be viewed to originate: corporate headquarters, the home office, or the training environment. These dimensions of POS were tested to discover their effect on the self-efficacy and task understanding of individuals training for boundary-spanning tasks. These tasks are those that place …
Comparative Kinetics And Distribution To Target Tissues Of Organophosphates Using Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling, Rick E. Vermillion
Comparative Kinetics And Distribution To Target Tissues Of Organophosphates Using Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling, Rick E. Vermillion
Theses and Dissertations
A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model has been developed to examine the effects of organophosphates on the levels of acetylcholine in different tissues throughout the mammalian body. Many organophosphate-like chemical and kinetic characteristics are tested without reference to a specific chemical. Characteristics include partition coefficients, metabolic constants, the inhibition coefficient, the aging rate, and the regeneration rate. Two separate exposure scenarios are tested and compared against a baseline. The baseline consists of a direct inhalation exposure. The first exposure scenario examines the effects of bronchial scrubbing (via inhalation) and the second scenario is a study of dermal exposures and compares the levels …
Molecular Characterization Of Wetland Soil Bacterial Communities In Constructed Mesocosms, Elisabeth M. Leon
Molecular Characterization Of Wetland Soil Bacterial Communities In Constructed Mesocosms, Elisabeth M. Leon
Theses and Dissertations
16S rRNA gene analysis was performed on soil samples from a subsurface flow mesocosm experiment, mimicking a constructed wetland. Three typical wetland species of plant were used in nine of the columns and three columns were unplanted controls. Analyses showed that plant presence, plant species, and depth did not have a significant effect on microbial community composition. However, richness analyses illustrated that plant presence had a positive effect on richness, plant species analyses indicated that there was evidence that plant species affected richness in a significant manner, and lastly richness was negatively affected in the bottom depth for the control …
Optimization Of Therapeutic Strategies For Organophosphate Poisoning, Gregory G. Seaman
Optimization Of Therapeutic Strategies For Organophosphate Poisoning, Gregory G. Seaman
Theses and Dissertations
The National Preparedness Vision requires the U.S. be prepared to prevent, protect against, respond to, and recover from all hazards associated with a chemical attack. Results of this study demonstrate that we cannot protect service members and first responders as required following a nerve agent attack. The research presented herein aimed to construct a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model to determine optimal therapeutic strategies for organophosphate (nerve agent) poisoning. The constructed model integrated organophosphates and two antidotes, atropine and oximes. Model results reasonably mirrored literature data and anecdotal observations of organophosphate poisoning. Results suggest a symptoms-based dosing strategy of atropine and …
Oxygenation Of The Root Zone And Tce Remediation: A Plant Model Of Rhizosphere Dynamics, Ian F. Thompson
Oxygenation Of The Root Zone And Tce Remediation: A Plant Model Of Rhizosphere Dynamics, Ian F. Thompson
Theses and Dissertations
This study analyzes rhizosphere conditions that enhance the effective aerobic degradation of TCE in wetland bioremediation systems. A plant model was built using Stella 9.0 modeling software and uses numerical integration evaluation; it addresses movement of oxygen through plant vascular and aerenchymal systems, and into the rhizosphere where oxygen and other substrates influence bacteria. Methanotrophs and heterotrophs are assumed to be influential bacteria groups. Variations of humidity-induced-convection, methane, soil carbon, and copper concentrations are evaluated. Varying concentrations and hydraulic loadings of TCE are assessed with respect to TCE consumption rate and TCE treatment efficiency. Soil conditions most directly affected TCE …
The Effects Of Commercial Video Game Playing: A Comparison Of Skills And Abilities For The Predator Uav, Johnny E. Triplett
The Effects Of Commercial Video Game Playing: A Comparison Of Skills And Abilities For The Predator Uav, Johnny E. Triplett
Theses and Dissertations
Currently, Predator unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are operated by pilots and navigators experienced with manned combat aircraft. With a projected increase in UAVs, more combat pilots will be needed to operate these aircraft. Yet, if the current operational tempo continues, the supply of combat pilots may not be able to meet the demand. Perhaps alternative pools of Air Force personnel could be considered for UAV duty to meet operational requirements. Because the Predator UAV is a software-driven aircraft, video game players (VGPs) already possess and use many skills that may be similar to those of Predator UAV pilots. A variety …
An Analysis Of The Factors Affecting Training Transfer Within The Work Environment, Daniel J. Williams
An Analysis Of The Factors Affecting Training Transfer Within The Work Environment, Daniel J. Williams
Theses and Dissertations
A meta-analysis of 34 studies was performed to explore the magnitude in which work environment manipulates training transfer. The independent variables for this study included supervisor support, subordinate support, peer support, transfer climate, relapse prevention, goal setting, continuous learning culture, task constraints, and frequency of use. This study performed a moderator analysis to compare the effect these independent variables had on management and non-management training; and self-reporting versus supervisor or peer reporting; and training versus development. Results revealed that relapse prevention (.65) had the highest levels of correlation of all independent variables to training transfer. The results also showed that …
Intelligence Surveillance And Reconnaissance Asset Assignment For Optimal Mission Effectiveness, Ryan D. Kappedal
Intelligence Surveillance And Reconnaissance Asset Assignment For Optimal Mission Effectiveness, Ryan D. Kappedal
Theses and Dissertations
This research develops mathematical programming techniques to solve an intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance sensor assignment problem for USSTRATCOM. The problem as specified is hypothesized to be difficult (i.e. np-hard). With the smallest test cases, the true optimal solution is found using simple optimization techniques, but, due to intractability, the optimal solutions for larger test cases are not found using these same techniques. Instead, heuristic techniques are applied to several test cases in order to determine the best, robust methodologies to find true or near optimal solutions. Specifically, simulated annealing (SA) is tested for convergence properties across several different parameter settings. …
An Analysis Of Methodologies & Best Practices For Rapidly Acquiring Technologies To Meet Urgent Warfighter Needs, Charles D. Solomon
An Analysis Of Methodologies & Best Practices For Rapidly Acquiring Technologies To Meet Urgent Warfighter Needs, Charles D. Solomon
Theses and Dissertations
The rapidly changing global security environment that today's military operates within requires an ever-increasing ability to quickly adapt to non-traditional threats. This has forced the United States to re-examine the traditional means of equipping its forces to ensure more agile acquisition practices are available to the Science and Technology (S&T) and acquisition communities. While there have been significant efforts to look towards industry for potential solutions to this problem, the heavily bureaucratic and restrictive government environment has made applying commercial lessons learned difficult. To effectively implement rapid fielding approaches within the government context, research into organizations facing the same or …
An Analysis Of Information Asset Valuation (Iav) Quantification Methodology For Application With Cyber Information Mission Impact Assessment (Cimia), Denzil L. Hellesen
An Analysis Of Information Asset Valuation (Iav) Quantification Methodology For Application With Cyber Information Mission Impact Assessment (Cimia), Denzil L. Hellesen
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research is to develop a standardized Information Asset Valuation (IAV) methodology. The IAV methodology proposes that accurate valuation for an Information Asset (InfoA) is the convergence of information tangible, intangible, and flow attributes to form a functional entity that enhances mission capability. The IAV model attempts to quantify an InfoA to a single value through the summation of weighted criteria. Standardizing the InfoA value criteria will enable decision makers to comparatively analyze dissimilar InfoAs across the tactical, operational, and strategic domains. This research develops the IAV methodology through a review of existing military and non-military valuation …
Joint Image And Pupil Plane Reconstruction Algorithm Based On Bayesian Techniques, James D. Phillips
Joint Image And Pupil Plane Reconstruction Algorithm Based On Bayesian Techniques, James D. Phillips
Theses and Dissertations
The focus of this research was to develop an joint pupil and focal plane image recovery algorithm for use with coherent LADAR systems. The benefits of such a system would include increased resolution with little or no increase in system weight and volume as well as allowing for operation in the absence of natural light since the target of interest would be actively illuminated. Since a pupil plane collection aperture can be conformal, such a system would also potentially allow for the formation of large synthetic apertures. The system is demonstrated to be robust and in all but extreme cases …