Digital Commons Network^™

A Research Agenda For Standards-Essential Patents, Jorge L. Contreras

Utah Law Faculty Scholarship

This Chapter discusses the current state of legal, economic and policy research on standards-essential patents (SEPs) and fair, reasonable and nondiscriminatory (FRAND) licensing of SEPs, and recommends additional research directions for the future. Areas for future research include the investigation of market adoption of standardized products subject to FRAND licensing and available on a royalty-free basis, measurement of various characteristics of SEPs including disclosure, validity, essentiality and transfer, the evolution of SDO and consortia patent policies, SEP licensing behavior, both by SEP holders and product manufacturers, SEP and FRAND disputes and litigation, including arbitration, and competition among patent pools for …

Predicting Engineering Integration In K-12 From The Perspective Of Pre-Service Teachers, Pilar Pazos, Francisco Cima, Jennifer Kidd, Kristie Gutierrez, Dorothy Faulkner, Minjung Lee, Krishna Kaipa, Orlando Ayala

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

The integration of engineering content at the pre-college level is gaining global traction as a strategy to improve learning outcomes and to promote inclusion and diversity in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics). Preservice teacher (PST) programs have become natural insertion points for integration efforts by providing future K-12 teachers with the resources and preparation to teach engineering as part of their academic preparation. There is a need to understand the socio-cognitive mechanisms by which teacher preparation programs can help teachers to integrate engineering in their future classrooms. This work examines how an innovative cross-disciplinary program impacted important social-cognitive drivers …

Of Stances, Themes, And Anomalies In Covid-19 Mask-Wearing Tweets, Jwen Fai Low, Benjamin C.M. Fung, Farkhund Iqbal, Ebrahim Bagheri

All Works

COVID-19 is an opportunity to study public acceptance of a ‘‘new’’ healthcare intervention, universal masking, which unlike vaccination, is mostly alien to the Anglosphere public despite being practiced in ages past. Using a collection of over two million tweets, we studied the ways in which proponents and opponents of masking vied for influence as well as the themes driving the discourse. Pro-mask tweets encouraging others to mask up dominated Twitter early in the pandemic though its continued dominance has been eroded by anti-mask tweets criticizing others for their masking behavior. Engagement, represented by the counts of likes, retweets, and replies, …

Emerging Technology’S Language Wars: Cryptocurrency, Carla L. Reyes

Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters

Work at the intersection of blockchain technology and law suffers from a distinct linguistic disadvantage. As a highly interdisciplinary area of inquiry, legal researchers, lawmakers, researchers in the technical sciences, and the public all talk past each other, using the same words, but as different terms of art. Evidence of these language wars largely derives from anecdote. To better assess the nature and scope of the problem, this Article uses corpus linguistics to reveal the inherent value conflicts embedded in definitional differences and debates related to developing regulation in one specific area of the blockchain technology ecosystem: cryptocurrency. Using cryptocurrency …

Counseling Children And Adolescents: A Call To Action, Rebekah Byrd, Chad Luke, Sonya Lorelle, Emily Donald, Jillian Blueford, Charmayne Adams, Edward (Franc) Hudspeth

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

The ACA 2014 Code of Ethics clearly states the mandate for counselor competence in C.2.a. It is noted that “Counselor practice only within the boundaries of their competence, based on their education, training, supervised experience, state and national credentials, and appropriate professional experience” (p. 8). Given the importance of competencies, ethical standards, and the emphasis on best practice, the paucity of these factors in regard to training and supervision for counselors working with child and adolescent populations is concerning. This article offers a conceptualization of the culture of childhood leading to the need for cultural competency. It outlines information specific …

مقوِّمات الهُويَّة الإسلاميَّة المتضمَّنة في مقرَّرات منهاج التَّربية الإسلاميَّة في مرحلة التَّعليم الثَّانوي في سوريَّة The Elements Of Islamic Identity Included In The Islamic Education Curriculum At The Secondary Schools In Syria, Osama Almukdad, Ahmed Al-Daghshi

Jordan Journal of Islamic Studies

هدفت الدِّراسة إلى: الكشف عن مدى تضمين منهاج التَّربية الإسلاميَّة للمرحلة الثَّانويَّة في سوريَّة مقوِّمات الهويَّة الإسلاميَّة. واعتمد الباحث على المنهجُ الوصفي الذي يعتمد على عرض الظاهرة -المرصودة والمتعلِّقة بموضوع الدِّراسة- عرضاً دقيقاً كما هي في الواقع بقصد تشخيصها وكشف جوانبها عبر استخدام أسلوب تحليل المحتوى. ومن أبرز النَّتائج التي توصَّلت إليها الدِّراسة: تبيَّن من خلال نتائج التَّحليل تضمين منهاج التَّربية الإسلاميَّة لمقوِّم الدِّين بأعلى تكرار بنسبة مئويَّة مقدارها (47.8)، تكاد تصل إلى نصف تكرار معايير تعزيز الهويَّة، يليه القيم (21.4)، ويظهر الضَّعف في مدى تضمين معايير تعزيز الهويَّة في باقي المقوِّمات، اللغة (1.9)، والعادات والتَّقاليد (0.6)، والتَّاريخ (0.5).

الكلمات …

Integrating Montessori Curriculum With State Standards In A Public Montessori School, Brenda Green

Masters of Arts in Education Action Research Papers

This action research aimed to highlight the benefits of integrating the Montessori Math Curriculum with State Standards in an upper elementary classroom. The performance of the action research took place over six weeks at a public Montessori school. There were seventeen upper elementary participants. Documentation used in this action research was a tally sheet for observable use of Montessori math material, school weekly lesson plans, teacher observation and reflection notes, and student and parent Pre and Post Math Interest Surveys. All lessons were given daily during the morning hours according to the school master's schedule. Some positive effects of this …

Use Of National/State Dance Standards And The Effect On High School Student Preparation Levels For College Admission Requirements, Rebbecca Meyers

Master's Theses

Meyers, Rebbecca. Use of National/State Dance Standards and the Effect on High School Student Preparation Levels for College Admission Requirements. Unpublished Master of Arts thesis, University of Northern Colorado, 2022.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the gap between high school dance student preparation levels and college dance entrance expectations and requirements within the state of California. To guide the research, it was important to consider the following essential questions: Q1 Are the use and effective implementation of the National Arts Standards in Dance, as well as the California Arts Dance Standards, in a given high school dance …

Creation And Testing Of A Social Robot Guideline, Sarika L. Singhal

Master's Theses

For this thesis, I created a guideline for socially assistive robots (SARs), and used it to evaluate a reading comprehension based social robot.

To create the guideline I extracted relevant details from published standards about toy safety, radio equipment, electromagnetic compatibility, internet of things security, ethical considerations for human-computer interaction, and data privacy. I then sent a summarized version to experts in the field for feedback. I received seven responses, five of whom were from researchers in academia. The sample size was too small for statistical analysis. Survey responses identified additional areas, such as interactivity and aesthetics, for the guideline. …

Pairwise Comparison Method: Concept Note, Australian Council For Educational Research

Global education monitoring

The paper sets out several approaches, both statistical and non-statistical, by which jurisdictions may choose to link their assessments to the global standards for reporting. One of these, the Pairwise Comparison Method (PCM), was first set out in Lazendic (2019). This concept note provides further details on the PCM and the work that has taken place since 2019 to enable the approach to be operationalised. The PCM relies on the Learning Progression Scales (LPSs) for reading and mathematics, developed by the Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER). A full description of the development of the scales is provided in the …

A Qualitative Document Analysis Of Policies Influencing Preeclampsia Management By Midwives In Ghana, Isabella Garti, Michelle Gray, Angela Bromley, Jing-Yu (Benjamin) Tan

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Preeclampsia is a global issue that causes significant morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The care women with preeclampsia receive in LMICs is below the standard experienced by women in westernised countries due to multiple interacting factors. A review of policy factors influencing the management of preeclampsia in Ghana is needed. Aim: This study focuses on the midwife's role and scope of practice concerning preeclampsia management. The study aimed to explore the congruence between Ghanaian preeclampsia guidelines and international best practice recommendations for midwifery practice. The study also aimed to describe how recommendations are incorporated into …

A Predictive Structural Model Of Standards-Based School Evaluation On Student Outcome, M. H. Alghamdi, U. M. Ibrahim, A. E. A. Ayoub

Information Sciences Letters

The current study examined the relationship between school leadership, school environment, teaching and learning strategies, and students’ performance on national assessment in math and science. In addition, it examined the mediating role of teaching and learning strategies in its relation to school leadership, school environment, and students’ performance in math and science as well. Study data was utilized from two datasets. First, the School Evaluation Standards scale (SES), which includes three subscales: school leadership, school environment, and teaching and learning strategies was utilized from a total of 711 schools that were randomly chosen from Saudi Arabia. Second, these school average …

Goal Setting: Impacting Teacher Candidate Growth In Residency Practicum Prior To Student Teaching, Shantel Farnan, Victoria Seeger, Sue Wood, Greg Rich

Journal of Human Services: Training, Research, and Practice

Educator preparation programs and school districts continue to strive to meet their commitment to better prepare future teachers for entry into the field of education. For more than 100 years, beginning as a normal school, a midwest university has had a strong reputation for the preparation of teachers. After a significant revision to the curriculum to one driven by competencies, this university increased field experiences for teacher candidates, including a culminating year out called Residency Practicum and Student Teaching. Over the course of the undergraduate program, candidates work toward achievement of competencies assigned throughout the coursework and aligned to state …

Assessment Moderation: Is It Fit For Purpose?, Lenore Adie

2021-2030 ACER Research Conferences

This presentation outlines the different practices and purposes of assessment moderation and analyses the benefits and issues of these. Two projects are presented; each seeks to improve teacher judgement. Both attempt to redefine what we mean by moderation and how moderation can be conducted to reach diverse and dispersed groups. The first draws on a current Australian Research Council project that is exploring the development of scaled exemplars, the use of commentaries of judgement decisions, and the use of digital platforms to support teachers grading student work. The second draws on the work of the Graduate Teacher Performance Assessment (GTPA) …

Sharing And Securing Learners' Performance Standards Across Schools, Richard Kimbell

2021-2030 ACER Research Conferences

Assessing learners’ performance makes very different demands upon teachers depending on the purpose and the context of the assessment. But common to all assessment is some sense of what ‘quality’ looks like. Most often teachers engage in formative assessments in the classroom, and the familiar standards of the classroom are adequate for this purpose. However if teachers are to undertake external, nationally regulated assessment then some sense of a national standard of quality is required. But there are very limited mechanisms by which teachers can acquire this understanding, so they use their best judgement, and standards vary from school to …

Research Conference 2022: Reimagining Assessment: Proceedings And Program, Kylie Burns (Ed.)

2021-2030 ACER Research Conferences

The focus of this year’s Research Conference is on the use of assessment to support improved teaching and learning. The conference is titled ‘reimagining assessment’ because we believe there is a need to transform the essential purposes of educational assessment to provide better information about the deep conceptual learning, skills, competencies, and personal attributes that teachers and schools now have as objectives for student learning and development. Reimagined assessments must now be focused on monitoring learning across this broader range of intended outcomes and provide quality information about the points individuals have reached in their long-term development.

Deaccession Decision-Making During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Multi-Site Case Study Of Art Museums In The United States, Shannon Hahn

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

At the beginning of the pandemic, museums were forced to close, resulting in significant losses in earned revenue. To address budgetary shortfalls across the museum field, the Association of Art Museum Directors (AAMD) temporarily relaxed their deaccessioning guidelines to allow museums to sell works of art from their collections and use proceeds to support the direct care of collections. This project utilized a qualitative multi-site case study and textual analysis to examine deaccession decisions of four art museums in the United States that deaccessioned works of art during the pandemic. Textual data was collected from online newspaper articles, press releases, …

Do The National Core Arts Standards (Ncas) Make A Difference In Music Education?, Jordan Mikaela Dues

Masters Theses

Fine arts advocates have pushed for arts to remain a foundation of education for decades Arguments have been made and published that participating in music courses increased scores in other subjects. A change occurred in the realm of music education when assessment-based learning and standardized curricula were introduced. The National Coalition for Core Arts Standards (NCCAS) was assembled to revise standards for the arts and create a way to assess them. The NCCAS presented the National Core Arts Standards (NCAS) in 2014 which led to its adoption in most states. There are many schools, however, that do not adhere to …

Introducing A Bit Of Active Latin Into Your Current Advanced Latin Classroom: Usus Loquendi Et Audiendi De Terentio Catulloque, Ronnie Ancona

New England Classical Journal

The purpose of this paper is to show how easily and profitably one can introduce a small portion of active Latin into an upper-level Latin classroom through select questioning and response that draws directly from and reinforces grammatical structures and forms, as well as key vocabulary, from the students’ advanced Latin texts under study. Use of active Latin supports SLA (Second Language Acquistion) research about the value of spending time “in the language” in the classroom. The current Standards for Classical Language Learning recognizes this value as well.

Dispositional And Trait Perceptions And Beliefs: A Snapshot Of Three Stakeholders, Natalie Steel Royston, Jill Wilson

Visions of Research in Music Education

The assessment of student dispositions is an important part of teacher preparation programs in the United States. To explore the beliefs and perceptions of in-service educators and teacher education students, we used a researcher-designed survey to examine responses of three groups: a) in-service music educators, b) collegiate music education majors, and c) collegiate education majors (not music) in a Midwestern state in the United States. The survey included questions that asked participants to describe dispositions, rank and rate the importance of the dispositional traits, and to rank their opinion on the importance of dispositions in comparison to content knowledge and …

Professional And Organizational Leadership Role In Ethics Management: Avoiding Reliance On Ethical Codification And Nurturing Ethical Culture, Islam H. El-Adaway, Marianne Jennings

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The engineering profession has experienced some ethical cases that were rarely reported, scrutinized, or discussed because: they did not necessarily represent violations of existing codes even if they breached ethical principles; those within the organization were not prepared to take steps to address the issues or impose sanction; an/or some of the personnel associated with these cases resorted to silence to avoid being labeled as trouble-makers in their organizations and, perhaps, more broadly, in society. The goal of this paper is to heighten managerial awareness of ethical issues, interrelated ethical lapses, and appropriate responsive actions within professional engineering communities. As …

Prior Art Research In The Capstone Design Experience: A Case Study Of Redesigned Online And In-Person Instruction, Graham Sherriff, Dustin Rand

University Libraries Faculty and Staff Publications

Exploration of “prior art”—the state of a technology’s development, as manifested in literature, documentation, and artifacts—has many benefits for engineering students. It expands their understanding of the design problem, reveals a range of possible solutions, and develops research skills important to professional practice. While prior art often includes patents and research literature, it can include any type of publication or document. This paper presents an innovative approach to a prior art review assignment in the capstone course for mechanical, electrical, and biomedical engineering students at the University of Vermont (UVM). The assignment and accompanying instruction were redesigned in 2018–2019 to …

Writing Workshop And Creativity Despite Standardization: An Exploration Of Elementary Teachers' Practices, Darcie Kress, Matt Townsley

Journal of Research Initiatives

The focus on formulaic approaches to writing in today’s classrooms can be problematic, for it may inadvertently cause the quality of students’ writing to decline. The National Writing Project (NWP) provides teachers with professional development to learn how to effectively incorporate evidence-based practices into their writing instruction. The aim of this study was to explore the practices of three elementary teachers who received professional development training from the NWP. The researchers investigated how these teachers navigated the tension between creativity in a workshop approach and accountability for teaching the Common Core writing standards. Findings suggest participants navigated the standardization of …

Building A World-Class Learning System, Geoff N. Masters

School and system improvement

This study sought to understand how five jurisdictions – British Columbia, Estonia, Finland, Hong Kong and South Korea, which have all performed unusually well in international achievement surveys over the past two decades – are approaching school education and its transformation. Geoff Masters describes key aspects of the learning systems these jurisdictions have established, comments on how they are now redesigning their learning systems for the future, and discusses insights into what may be required for any jurisdiction to perform well on measures of the kind currently used in international surveys.

A Review Of Current Construction Guidelines To Inform The Design Of Rammed Earth Houses In Seismically Active Zones, David Thompson, Charles Augarde, Juan Pablo Osorio

Articles

Sustainability in the materials we use for construction is a prime concern, focusing on reducing the embodied energy and carbon footprints of the materials used. The cement used in concrete products is responsible for a significant proportion of Man's CO2 emissions and its production requires substantial energy input, as do fired clay products. For this reason, products formed from unfired earthen materials are of increasing interest and the current challenges include devising means of robust design for strength and to address durability concerns. One form of earthen construction that employs an in-situ method is rammed earth, and it is a …

Review Of Metadata, Greg Reeve

Journal of Western Archives

Review of the third edition of Marcia Lei Zeng’s and Jain Qin’s monograph Metadata. Metadata is the definitive guide to the metadata landscape for information professionals in the Information Age.

A New Beginning For The Mormon Studies Review

Insights: The Newsletter of the Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship

The Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship is continually striving to align its work with the academy’s highest objectives and standards, as befits an organized research unit at Brigham Young University. Our areas of en- deavor include the study of LDS scripture and other religious texts and related fields of reli- gious scholarship, including the burgeoning field of Mormon studies.

Meas: Exploring Links Between Implementation And Standards Mastery, Noah Silver

Honors Projects

In order to effectively enhance a student’s mathematical understanding and development in the field of mathematics, students need to engage in problem solving. Model eliciting activities, or MEAs, provide students with tasks that promote higher level thinking and the ability to utilize mathematics outside of the classroom; they also align and promote the utilization of the Common Core State Standards and Standards for Mathematical Practice. Research suggests that the language and motivation promoted by MEAs enriches engagement and increases student ability and performance of traditional and real-world mathematics. Use of technology further supports these goals. Through the analysis of checkpoint …

An Investigation Into The Experiences Of Secondary Social Studies Teachers Regarding A Change In State-Level Social Studies Standards In A Colorado School District, Lindsay Mcmichael Sitterley

Theses and Dissertations

The researcher investigated the perceptions of secondary social studies teachers regarding the change in state - level social studies standards, especially in terms of their response in instructional practice. Furthermore, the study included a discussion of the factors that influence the actions of teachers related to the change in the social studies curriculum. This allowed for an analysis of potential changes in instructional decision making, such as including cooperative learning strategies, that were the result of the change in curriculum. The study is significant as changes in recommended instructional strategies have occurred in recent years. Additionally, research in the field …

A Statutory Anti-Anti-Suit Injunction For U.S. Patent Cases?, Jorge L. Contreras

Utah Law Faculty Scholarship

Litigation relating to fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory (FRAND) licensing of patents essential to industry standards has recently seen a sharp increase in cross-jurisdictional competition fueled by the trend of courts in some jurisdictions (particularly China) to seek to establish FRAND royalty rates applicable around the world, and the increased use of anti-suit injunctions (ASIs) to prevent parties from pursuing parallel litigation in other jurisdictions. The proposed “Defending American Courts Act” (DACA), introduced to the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee in March 2022, seeks to deter the use of foreign-issued ASIs in U.S. patent litigation. The DACA would effectively create a statutory …