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Inheritance Of Virulence In The Root Rot Pathogen Phytophthora Sojae, Sirjana Devi Shrestha
Inheritance Of Virulence In The Root Rot Pathogen Phytophthora Sojae, Sirjana Devi Shrestha
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The oomycete Phytophthora sojae causes stem and root rot of soybean plants. The interaction of pathogen avirulence (Avr) and host resistance (R)-genes determine the disease outcome. The Avr3a mRNA transcript level is variable among P. sojae strains and determines virulence towards the R-gene Rps3a. To study the inheritance of virulence, genetic crosses and self-fertilizations were performed. A cross between P. sojae strains ACR10 and P7076 causes transgenerational gene silencing of Avr3a allele, and this effect is meiotically stable up to the F5 generation. However, test-crosses of F1 (Avr3aACR10/Avr3a …
The Phenotypic Effects And Transcript Response Of Salt Stress, The Impact Of Viral Infection On Salt Stress Symptoms, And The Effect Of Salt Stress On Soybean Virus Vector Activity In Soybean Varieties That Vary In Chloride Uptake, Alma Glenn Laney
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
With the increase in saline soils worldwide, understanding the mechanisms for salt tolerance in plants is important to reduce yield loss due to salt stress. Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., genotypes differ in chloride uptake with genotypes that take up chloride into foliar tissues tending to be salt-sensitive whereas those that partially exclude chloride from the leaves are more salt-tolerant. Transcriptional and physiological responses were measured in two soybean cultivars, Clark and Manokin, which differ in chloride uptake in response to salt stress and in combination with Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and its aphid vector, Aphis glycines . The interaction …
Screening Diverse Soybean Germplasm For Water-Logging Tolerance, John Franklin Carlin
Screening Diverse Soybean Germplasm For Water-Logging Tolerance, John Franklin Carlin
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Water-logging can be detrimental to soybean growth and development; effects range from chlorosis and stunting to yield loss and plant death. Soybean response to, and the effects of, water-logging are dependent on the growth-stage of the plant at the initiation of water-logging. The objectives of this study were to screen a diverse soybean germplasm collection for water-logging tolerance (WLT) at both the V5 and R1 growth stage and to develop a method to screen soybean for WLT in greenhouse. One hundred thirty five genotypes consisting of historical genotypes, PIs, drought and WLT tolerant breeding lines were screened for WLT in …
Integration Of Herbicide Programs With Cultural And Mechanical Practices For Managing Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri) In Soybean (Glycine Max), Holden Bell
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Herbicide-resistant Palmer amaranth is the most troublesome weed in Arkansas row crops, causing producers to rely heavily on multiple mechanisms of action to reduce selection pressure for further evolution of herbicide resistance and to successfully produce a profitable crop. It is critical for the sustainability of weed management not only to adequately control this weed but also to reduce the soil seedbank using both non-chemical and chemical practices. Studies were conducted to determine the effect of soybean row spacing, seeding rate, and herbicide program on Palmer amaranth emergence, survival, and seed production in soybean, the effect of drill-seeded soybean population …
Agricultural Classification Of Multi-Temporal Modis Imagery In Northwest Argentina Using Kansas Crop Phenologies, Jarrett Alexander Keifer
Agricultural Classification Of Multi-Temporal Modis Imagery In Northwest Argentina Using Kansas Crop Phenologies, Jarrett Alexander Keifer
Dissertations and Theses
Subtropical deforestation in Latin America is thought to be driven by demand for agricultural land, particularly to grow soybeans. However, existing remote sensing methods that can differentiate crop types to verify this hypothesis require high spatial or spectral resolution data, or extensive ground truth information to develop training sites, none of which are freely available for much of the world. I developed a new method of crop classification based on the phenological signatures of crops extracted from multi-temporal MODIS vegetation indices. I tested and refined this method using the USDA Cropland Data Layer from Kansas, USA as a reference. I …
Identification Of Quantitative Trait Loci / Genes For Low-Stachyose And High-Sucrose Content In Soybean Seeds, Sandra Liliana Florez Palacios
Identification Of Quantitative Trait Loci / Genes For Low-Stachyose And High-Sucrose Content In Soybean Seeds, Sandra Liliana Florez Palacios
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Seed carbohydrate content is an important aspect in breeding for food-grade soybeans commercialized in the soyfood market. Sucrose and stachyose are the primary carbohydrates in soybean seed. Sucrose affects the quality and taste of various soyfoods such as tofu, soymilk, and natto; however, consumption of soy-based products with high stachyose concentrations can cause diarrhea and flatulence. A mutant line (V99-5089) with high-sucrose and low-stachyose has been identified. The objectives of this research were: 1) to identify sucrose QTLs in a F2-derived mapping population; 2) to investigate the genetic relationship between two low-stachyose sources, V99-5089 and the germplasm line PI200508; and …
Impact And Management Of Megacopta Cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), Nicholas Seiter
Impact And Management Of Megacopta Cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), Nicholas Seiter
All Dissertations
Megacopta cribraria (F.) (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), known informally as the kudzu bug or bean plataspid, was found in Georgia in 2009 and has since spread rapidly throughout the southeastern United States. A known feeder on soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, in its native Asian range, M. cribraria has been commonly encountered in soybean fields in the southeastern United States since its first detection in the crop in Georgia and South Carolina during 2010. In addition, its overwintering behavior sometimes results in nuisance infestations in homes. The primary objectives of this research were to determine the potential impacts of M. cribraria on …
Dynamics Of Early-Season Weed Management And Soybean Nutrition, Nick T. Harre
Dynamics Of Early-Season Weed Management And Soybean Nutrition, Nick T. Harre
Theses
The popularity of growers using only postemergence (POST) herbicides for weed management in soybean was enabled by the commercialization of glyphosate-resistant soybean. The efficacy and flexibility provided by this technology diminished the use of soil residual herbicides and arguably, increased soybean yield loss from early-season weed competition. While, the rapid evolution and biogeographical spread of herbicide-resistant weeds, especially glyphosate-resistant biotypes, has renewed interest into the use of soil residual products, herbicide-resistant soybean technologies continue to be developed that may once again entice growers into POST-only weed management systems. The commercial interest in soybean yield advancements justifies further characterizing the benefits …
Evaluation Of Forage Soybean Yield And Quality Characteristics And Potential As A Feed Resource For Developing Replacement Beef Heifers, Emily G. Taylor
Evaluation Of Forage Soybean Yield And Quality Characteristics And Potential As A Feed Resource For Developing Replacement Beef Heifers, Emily G. Taylor
Open Access Theses
Two agronomic studies were conducted to evaluate the yield and quality potentials of forage soybean (Glycine max ( L .)) grown with and without pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L .)). Results indicate that there were no differences between row spacings of 18 cm or 36 cm and targeted populations of 469,500 seeds ha-1 or 234,750 seeds ha-1 on dry matter yield or overall quality of the forage soybean. While harvest date had significant effects on quality as the crop matured, forage soybean as a monoculture proved to be a very forgiving crop, and recovered in quality as …
Effects Of Induced Plant Resistance And Potassium Fertilization Rates On Soybean Looper (Chrysodeixis Includens) Development In Soybean, Xuan Chen
LSU Master's Theses
Soybean looper, Chrysodeixis includens (Walker), is one of the most destructive pests of soybean in the southern U.S. It is highly resistant to most insecticides. Induced host plant resistance and cultural control are sought as alternative control tactics. In this study, effects of induced resistance by exogenous application of elicitors were estimated on soybean looper development in soybean. Three different known elicitors of SAR (systemic acquired resistance), Actigard 50WG (acibenzolar-S-methyl), Regalia (extract of Reynoutria sachalinensis) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA), were applied to soybean plants at R2 and R5 stages to determine if these chemicals could induce plant resistance and lower …
Soybean Peroxidase Catalysis In Removal Of Anilines And Azo-Dyes From Water, Samar Mazloum
Soybean Peroxidase Catalysis In Removal Of Anilines And Azo-Dyes From Water, Samar Mazloum
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Azo-dyes are the largest group of colourants produced, and they are applied in many industries. In the environment they are recalcitrant, and under anaerobic conditions can break down to toxic or even carcinogenic aromatic amines. Aerobic treatment of azo-dye-contaminated waters has been shown to be ineffective. Thus, enzyme-catalyzed polymerization and precipitation of azo-dyes and their reduction products was studied and optimized in this dissertation. Additionally, zero-valent iron reduction of azo-dyes under anaerobic conditions followed by soybean peroxidase (SBP) enzymatic treatment was investigated. The use of additives to reduce enzyme requirement and enhance the removal of anilines was also studied. Azo-dyes …
Control Options For Rhizome Johnsongrass (Sorghum Halepense L. Pers.) In Glufosinate-Resistant Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) And Soybean (Glycine Max L. Merr.), Randall Lee Landry
Control Options For Rhizome Johnsongrass (Sorghum Halepense L. Pers.) In Glufosinate-Resistant Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) And Soybean (Glycine Max L. Merr.), Randall Lee Landry
LSU Master's Theses
Field studies were conducted in 2011, 2012, and 2013 near Alexandria, LA to determine glufosinate rates and timings for control of rhizome johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.] in glufosinate-resistant soybean [Glycine max (L.)Merr.]. Johnsongrass control (75%) and height reduction (63%) throughout the season were greatest when glufosinate was applied at 0.7 kg ai ha-1 followed by (fb) 0.6 kg ha-1. Furthermore, following initial applications of glufosinate at 0.7 kg ha-1 (2670 kg ha-1) increased soybean yields were observed compared to 0.5 kg ha-1 (2400 kg ha-1), and soybean yields were greater following sequential glufosinate applications of 0.6 kg ha-1 followed …