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Comparison Of Conventional Elastic Bandages And Novel Hand Gloves By Measuring Changes In Stroke Patients' Hand Temperature During Passive Upper Limb Exercises, Mei-Yi Lee, Chan-Yu Taso, Ka-Hei Lao, Shu-Shi Chen

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Elastic bandages are often used to secure stroke patients' affected upper limbs to exercise equipment during physical rehabilitation. However, the application of elastic bandages can cause soft tissue injuries in patients' extremities. Therefore, our research team developed novel medical hand gloves, called ＂Yole Hands,＂ to safely secure stroke patients' affected hands to exercise equipment. This study compared conventional elastic bandages with Yole Hands by measuring changes in stroke patients' hand temperature during passive upper limb exercises. This study recruited 18 stroke patients aged 63.1 ± 13.4 years from a rehabilitation clinic. A thermograph (midi LOGGER GL220, Graphtec) was used to …

Effects Of Temperature And Hydrology On Growth And Recruitment Of Shovelnose Sturgeon In The Lower Mississippi River, Jared Mccarty Porter

Theses and Dissertations

I evaluated the effects of thermal and hydrologic conditions on growth and recruitment of Shovelnose Sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus) in the lower Mississippi River and assessed mortality. Duration of water temperatures 12-24°C had a positive influence and temperatures below 11°C had a negative influence on annual growth. Duration of water temperatures above 28°C, duration of floodplain inundation, duration of low water, and minimum and maximum river stage did not influence annual growth. Duration of water temperatures 18-20°C and 18-24°C had a positive influence on recruitment, and duration of temperatures at and below 10°C had a negative influence on recruitment. Duration of …

The Effect Of Controlling Temperature And Relative Humidity On Tyrophagus Putrescentiae (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae) Infestations On Dry Cured Hams Treated In Food Grade Ingredient Infused Nets, Jasmine Deneen Hendrix

Theses and Dissertations

Since methyl bromide is an ozone depleting substance, there is a significant need to find effective alternative compounds to control mite infestations on dry cured hams. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the most effective relative humidity and/or temperature to minimize mite reproduction and mold growth on dry cured hams in untreated and food grade ingredient infused nets. Mites on ham slices in untreated nets were reduced from the initial inoculum level of 50 mites per ham slice when exposed to 85% RH at 24, 28, and 32°C. Results indicated that hams should be stored at 85% …

One-Step Hot Formamide Extraction Of Rna From Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Daniel Shedlovskiy, Natalia Shcherbik, Dimitri G Pestov

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

Current methods for isolating RNA from budding yeast require lengthy and laborious steps such as freezing and heating with phenol, homogenization with glass beads, or enzymatic digestion of the cell wall. Here, extraction with a solution of formamide and EDTA was adapted to isolate RNA from whole yeast cells through a rapid and easily scalable procedure that does not require mechanical cell lysis, phenol, or enzymes. RNA extracted with formamide-EDTA can be directly loaded on gels for electrophoretic analysis without alcohol precipitation. A simplified protocol for downstream DNase treatment and reverse transcription reaction is also included. The formamide-EDTA extraction of …

Synchronization Of Reproduction In Deertoe Mussel (Truncilla Truncata), Kendell R. Loyd

MSU Graduate Theses

Freshwater mussels, Order Unionoida, are diverse and widespread in North America but have suffered general decline and many extinctions in recent decades. The reproductive biology of Unionoida is complex and may be vulnerable to human impacts. Male mussels release aggregates of sperm called spermatozeugmata that drift downstream. Females obtain spermatozeugmata from the water and brood the fertilized eggs internally during development. Many aspects of general reproductive biology are poorly understood, including the mechanisms that coordinate spawning and the route by which sperm meet eggs in the female. The present study focuses on reproduction in the Deertoe (Truncilla truncata), …

Effects Of Temperature On Growth And Molting In Blue Crabs (Callinectes Sapidus) And Lesser Blue Crabs (Callinectes Similis), Abigail Ann Kuhn

Master's Theses

Temperature can exert impacts on many processes in ectotherms. With global temperatures rising due to climate change, many ectothermic species may exhibit changes in growth rates and size at maturity, and these changes can have population-level effects. Predicting responses of species to climate change will require not only knowledge of thermal tolerance limits, but also effects of temperature change on growth rates and other life history parameters. For arthropods that exhibit discontinuous growth (i.e., molting), this includes both intermolt period and growth per molt. Previous laboratory and field experiments suggest that temperature affects both intermolt period (IMP) and growth per …

Temperature Effects On An Axon’S Ability To Maintain Phasing Of A Rhythmic Motor System, Marissa Elaine Cruz

Theses and Dissertations

The precise timing of action potentials generated in the nervous system is crucial for generating adequate behavior. Once generated, action potentials travel along axons towards the neurons or muscles they innervate. Axons are also responsible for preserving the temporal fidelity of the generated action potentials. One challenge axons face is that they can be of considerable length, and exposed to changes in internal and external conditions. Temperature fluctuations, for example, affect the ion channels that generate and propagate action potentials causing changes in action potential speed. It is unclear if, and how, the timing of action potentials can be preserved …

Cosmopolitan Species As Models For Ecophysiological Responses To Global Change: The Common Reed Phragmites Australis, Franziska Eller, Hana Skálová, Joshua S. Caplan, Ganesh P. Bhattarai, Melissa K. Burger, James T. Cronin, Wen Yong Guo, Xiao Guo, Eric L.G. Hazelton, Karin M. Kettenring, Carla Lambertini, Melissa K. Mccormick, Laura A. Meyerson, Thomas J. Mozdzer, Petr Pyšek, Brian K. Sorrell, Dennis F. Whigham, Hans Brix

Faculty Publications

© 2017 Eller, Skálová, Caplan, Bhattarai, Burger, Cronin, Guo, Guo, Hazelton, Kettenring, Lambertini, McCormick, Meyerson, Mozdzer, Pyšek, Sorrell, Whigham and Brix. Phragmites australis is a cosmopolitan grass and often the dominant species in the ecosystems it inhabits. Due to high intraspecific diversity and phenotypic plasticity, P. australis has an extensive ecological amplitude and a great capacity to acclimate to adverse environmental conditions; it can therefore offer valuable insights into plant responses to global change. Here we review the ecology and ecophysiology of prominent P. australis lineages and their responses to multiple forms of global change. Key findings of our review …

Temperature Assessment On A Reclaimed Surface Mine During Northern Bobwhite Breeding Season: Considerations For Habitat Management, Donald M. Yow, Jeremy P. Orange, John J. Morgan, Gary Sprandel, Danna L. Baxley, Eric Williams

National Quail Symposium Proceedings

Ground-level air temperatures were assessed within 4 distinct habitat areas on a managed reclaimed surface mine at Peabody Wildlife Management Area, Kentucky, 26 June–17 July 2015, during the northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) brood season. Habitat consisted of disked and nondisked areas of native grass and an invasive species, sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata). Disked areas offered more open space for bobwhite mobility and experienced higher average temperatures than nondisked sites. Although statistically significant, differences in air temperature between disked and nondisked areas were likely too small to have practical implications for bobwhite habitat management in Kentucky under …

Linking Land Use, In-Stream Stressors, And Biological Condition To Infer Causes Of Regional Ecological Impairment In Streams, Jacob J. Vander Laan, Charles P. Hawkins, John R. Olson, Ryan A. Hill

John Olson

We used field-derived data from streams in Nevada, USA, to quantify relationships between stream biological condition, in-stream stressors, and potential sources of stress (land use). We used 2 freshwater macroinvertebrate-based indices to measure biological condition: a multimetric index (MMI) and an observed to expected (O/E) index of taxonomic completeness. We considered 4 categories of potential stressors: dissolved metals, total dissolved solids, nutrients, and flow alteration. For physicochemical factors that varied predictably across natural environmental gradients, we quantified potential stress as the site-specific difference between observed (O) and expected (E) levels of each factor (O–Estress). We then used 2 sets of …

Effectiveness Of Composting As A Biosecure Disposal Method For Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (Pedv)-Infected Pig Carcasses, Sarah Vitosh-Sillman, John Dustin Loy, Bruce Brodersen, Clayton Kelling, Kent M. Eskridge, Amy Millmier Schmidt

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an enteric disease of swine that has emerged as a worldwide threat to swine herd health and production. Substantial research has been conducted to assess viability of the virus on surfaces of vehicles and equipment, in feed and water, and on production building surfaces, but little is known about the persistence in PEDV-infected carcasses and effective disposal methods thereof. This study was conducted to quantify the persistence of PEDV RNA via quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) at various time-temperature combinations and in infected piglet carcasses subjected to composting. Although this method …

Indication Of Temperature And Time During Storage In Shelf Life Of Pasteurized Milk, By Using Response Surface Methodology, Alush Musaj, Përparim Birinxhiku, Bahtir Hyseni

UBT International Conference

Milk is a complex food product, with a high nutritional value. Milk produced from healthy cow is considered to be sterile, even though this is highly dependent on the environment of farm. Milk is processed to bring a cured with extend shelf life product. Pasteurization, is a curing process for milk based on thermal treatment, this process mostly inhibit the microbial growth but it does not destroy total microorganisms. Consequently, its shelf life is dependent on the storage parameter as temperature and time. Hence, the aim of our study was to analyze and prove indication of temperature and time by …

What Controls Variation In Carbon Use Efficiency Among Amazonian Tropical Forests?, Christopher E. Doughty, Gregory R. Goldsmith, Nicolas Raab, Cecile A. J. Girardin, Filio Farfan-Amezquita, Walter Huaraca-Huasco, Javier E. Silva-Espejo, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Antonio C. L. Da Costa, Wanderley Rocha, David Galbraith, Patrick Meir, Dan B. Metcalfe, Yadvinder Malhi

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Why do some forests produce biomass more efficiently than others? Variations in Carbon Use Efficiency (CUE: total Net Primary Production (NPP)/ Gross Primary Production (GPP)) may be due to changes in wood residence time (Biomass/NPP_wood), temperature, or soil nutrient status. We tested these hypotheses in 14, one ha plots across Amazonian and Andean forests where we measured most key components of net primary production (NPP: wood, fine roots, and leaves) and autotrophic respiration (R_a; wood, rhizosphere, and leaf respiration). We found that lower fertility sites were less efficient at producing biomass and had higher rhizosphere respiration, …

Linear And Nonlinear Effects Of Temperature And Precipitation On Ecosystem Properties In Tidal Saline Wetlands, Laura C. Feher, Michael J. Osland, Kereen T. Griffith, James B. Grace, Rebecca J. Howard, Camille L. Stagg, Nicholas M. Enwright, Ken W. Krauss, Christopher A. Gabler, Richard H. Day, Kerrylee Rogers

School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Climate greatly influences the structure and functioning of tidal saline wetland ecosystems. However, there is a need to better quantify the effects of climatic drivers on ecosystem properties, particularly near climate-sensitive ecological transition zones. Here, we used climate- and literature-derived ecological data from tidal saline wetlands to test hypotheses regarding the influence of climatic drivers (i.e., temperature and precipitation regimes) on the following six ecosystem properties: canopy height, biomass, productivity, decomposition, soil carbon density, and soil carbon accumulation. Our analyses quantify and elucidate linear and nonlinear effects of climatic drivers. We quantified positive linear relationships between temperature and above-ground productivity …

Elevated Temperature And Co2 Concentrations Affect Carbon Flux In Two Boreal Conifers, Sasha Madhavji

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Elevated temperatures and CO₂ will alter carbon flux in two dominant boreal tree species Picea mariana (black spruce) and Larix laricina (tamarack). Trees were grown in three temperature treatments (ambient, ambient +4 °C, and ambient +8 °C) at either 400 ppm or 750 ppm CO₂, to simulate climate conditions between now and the year 2100. Spruce acclimated to increasing temperature detractively; warming scenarios reduced spruce net carbon gain. Tamarack maintained comparable levels of net photosynthesis (A_net) across warming treatments and both species acclimated respiration (R_dark) with increasing growth temperature. Elevated CO₂-grown …

Long-Term Impact Of Changing Childhood Malnutrition On Rotavirus Diarrhoea: Two Decades Of Adjusted Association With Climate And Socio-Demographic Factors From Urban Bangladesh, Sumon Kumar Das, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti, Mohammad Habibur Rahman Sarker, Jui Das, Shawnawaz Ahmed, K. M. Shahunja, Shamsun Nahar, Nora Gibbons, Tahmeed Ahmed, Abu Syed Golam Faruque, Mustafizur Rahman, George J. Fuchs Iii, Abdullah Al Mamun, Peter John Baker

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Background

There is strong association between childhood rotavirus, diarrhoea, climate factors and malnutrition. Conversely, a significant nutritional transition (reduced under-nutrition) with a concurrent increasing trend of rotavirus infection in last decade was also observed among under 5 children, especially in developing countries including Bangladesh. Considering the pathophysiology of rotavirus, there might be an interaction of this nutrition transition which plays a pivotal role in increasing rotavirus infection in addition to climate and other man-made factors in urban areas such as Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Methods

Relevant monthly data from 1993–2012 were extracted from the archive of the Diarrhoeal Disease Surveillance System of …

Effects Of Loading Rate On Gas Seepage And Temperature In Coal And Its Potential For Coal-Gas Disaster Early-Warning, Chong Zhang, Xiaofei Liu, Guang Xu, Xiaoran Wang

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The seepage velocity and temperature externally manifest the changing structure, gas desorption and energy release that occurs in coal containing gas failure under loading. By using the system of coal containing gas failure under loading, this paper studies the law of seepage velocity and temperature under different loading rates and at 1.0 MPa confining pressure and 0.5 MPa gas pressure, and combined the on-site results of gas pressure and temperature. The results show that the stress directly affects the seepage velocity and temperature of coal containing gas, and the pressure and content of gas have the most sensitivity to mining …

Effects Of Temperature On The Nucleation And Growth Mechanism Of Pbo2 Electrodeposition, Lei Wang, Juan-Qin Xue, Li-Hua Yu, Chang-Bin Tang, Qiang Bi

Journal of Electrochemistry

In order to investigate the effects of temperature on the nucleation and growth of lead dioxide (PbO₂)， the in situ electrochemical depositions of PbO₂ were carried out on the glassy carbon electrode at different temperatures, namely, 25℃,35℃, 45℃, 55℃, and 65℃.The cyclic voltammetric curves, the time-current and the time-potential curves，SEM images and XRD patterns of the PbO₂ coatings deposited at different temperatures were obtained. The results showed that the PbO₂ underwent nucleation and grew at different temperatures. The 3D continuous nucleation mode of PbO₂ electrodeposition remained unchanged with the increase of temperature. However, the …

Spread Of Dermacentor Reticulatus Is Associated With The Loss Of Forest Area, Ewa J. Mierzejewska, Agustín Estrada-Peña, Anna Bajer

Harold W. Manter Laboratory: Library Materials

Changes in tick distribution and abundance are among the main drivers of the (re)emergence of transmitted pathogens. We aimed to uncover the reasons of the reported spread of Dermacentor reticulatus in Poland using a variety of proxies of environmental features, ground-measured temperature and remotely-sensed data of temperature and vegetation. Ground-measured temperature was recorded in 2013–2014, in sites where D. reticulatus presence (n = 16) or absence (n = 16) was confirmed. We specifically aimed to test whether changes in phenology of vegetation and the length of the growing season were correlated with field-derived data regarding the presence/absence of D. reticulatus …

Characteristic Studies On The Waste Biomass-Based Biochars Produced By Fast Pyrolysis, Ramin Azargohar, Sonil Nanda, Janusz A. Kozinski, Ajay K. Dalai, Ronny Sutarto

Biochar: Production, Characterization and Applications

Biochar, as carbonaceous product obtained from pyrolysis of biomass, has many applications in diverse areas due to its versatile physicochemical properties. Non-food biomass has a great potential to produce biochars. In the present study, pinewood sawdust (forest residue), wheat straw and flax straw (agricultural residues), and poultry litter (livestock manure) were used as precursors for pyrolysis. Focus of this study was on the effects of fast pyrolysis temperature (400, 475, and 550 ^oC) on the characteristics of biochars produced by means of a mobile pyrolysis unit. Different characterization techniques are used to study the physical, chemical, and structural characteristics …

Fundamental Studies Of Flame Structure Through Laser Plasma Diagnostics, Wendong Wu

McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Increasing concerns about air pollution and global climate change are drawing attention to the need for efficiency improvements and emission reductions for combustion processes, which account for more than 85% of energy production in United States. Combustion efficiency and emissions are affected by the mixing and reacting of fuel and oxidizer. Understanding such behavior plays a critical role in flame structure studies and combustion optimization. However, experimentally obtaining mixture fraction, which is a widely used quantity to describe the mixing behavior, has proven to be a challenge, especially for heavier hydrocarbon fuels or fuel rich flames. Moreover, measuring flame temperature …

Unilateral Heat Accelerates Bone Elongation And Lengthens Extremities Of Growing Mice, Maria A. Serrat, Thomas J. Schlierf, Morgan L. Efaw, Franklin D. Shuler, Justin Godby, Laura M. Stanko

Franklin D. Shuler

Linear growth failure results from a broad spectrum of systemic and local disorders that can generate chronic musculoskeletal disability. Current bone lengthening protocols involve invasive surgeries or drug regimens, which are only partially effective. Exposure to warm ambient temperature during growth increases limb length, suggesting that targeted heat could noninvasively enhance bone elongation. We tested the hypothesis that daily heat exposure on one side of the body unilaterally increases femoral and tibial lengths. Mice (N = 20) were treated with 40 °C unilateral heat for 40 min/day for 14 days post-weaning. Non-treated mice (N = 6) served as controls. Unilateral …

Numerical Simulations Of Transcritical Natural Convection, Ruiwen Wei, Carlo Scalo, Mario Tindaro Migliorino, Kukjin Kim, Jean-Pierre Hickey

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

In modern engineering applications, system overheating is a key issue that needs to be solved with efficient and reliable cooling technologies. Among the possible mechanisms that these are based on, natural convection cooling is one of the most frequently employed, with applications ranging from cooling of computer micro-components to large nuclear reactors. While many studies have been performed on natural convection employing supercritical or subcritical fluids, little attention has been given to fluids in their transcritical regime. The latter has the potential to yield high performances while avoiding detrimental effects of two-phase systems (e.g. cavitation). In the present study, 2D …

Strategies For Increasing The Release Of Pigments In Red Wine, Briana Heywood

Master's Theses

The perception of wine’s quality is directly influenced by its color. Anthocyanin molecules are responsible for imparting color to red wines. They are extracted from grape skins during alcoholic fermentation. This work compares the effects of three parameters: berry integrity, enzyme addition, and fermentation temperature, on phenolic compound extraction (total phenol, tannin and anthocyanin) during the production of Paso Robles’ Cabernet Sauvignon wine. Analyses on phenolic compounds were completed during alcoholic fermentation and barrel aging over the course of eighteen months. Berry integrity compared the degree of berry crushing (whole destemmed berries versus fully crushed berries). Results showed that phenolic …

Winter Warming Affects The Onset Of Reproduction But Not Cognition Or The Hippocampus In Black-Capped Chickadees (Poecile Atricapillus), Robert J. Martin

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The effects of overwinter temperature on behaviour and cognition, hippocampal volume, and reproductive timing were studied in Black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus). I hypothesized that overwinter temperature would have varied effects for Black-capped chickadees that overwinter in northern climates. I found that temperature had no effect on behaviour and cognition, or hippocampal volume, but temperature did influence reproductive timing. Birds that experienced warmer winter conditions had significantly more developed gonads than birds that experienced colder conditions. These results suggest that while birds are clearly sensitive to ambient winter temperature, temperature only modulates some processes and not all. These studies …

Weather And Age Ratios Of Northern Bobwhites In South Texas, Fred S. Guthery, Jeffery J. Lusk, David R. Synatzske, James Gallagher, Stephan J. Demaso

National Quail Symposium Proceedings

Understanding the effects of weather on quail reproduction in semiarid environments requires simultaneous consideration of temperature and precipitation data. Therefore, we used neural modeling to assess the interactive effects of summer (Jun–Aug) temperatures (monthly means of daily maxima) and seasonal precipitation (totals) on age ratios (juvenile/adult) of northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) in south Texas based on data collected during 1940–97 (n = 35, 23 years missing). Age ratios increased with June temperature. Ratios were insensitive to mean maximum daily temperature in July up to 36 C, when they began to decline rapidly. Ratios were insensitive to August temperatures. Ratios increased …

Photoprotective Responses In A Brown Macroalgae Cystoseira Tamariscifolia To Increases In Co2 And Temperature., Paula S.M. Celis-Plá, Brezo Martínez, Nathalie Korbee, Jason M. Hall-Spencer, Félix L. Figueroa

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Global warming and ocean acidification are increasingly affecting coastal ecosystems, with impacts that vary regionally depending upon local biogeography. Ocean acidification drives shifts in seaweed community dominance that depend on interactions with other factors such as light and nutrients. In this study, we investigated the photophysiological responses in the brown macroalgae species Cystoseira tamariscifolia (Hudson) Papenfuss with important structural role in the coastal Mediterranean communities. These algae were collected in the Cabo de Gata-Nijar Natural Park in ultraoligotrophic waters (algae exposed under high irradiance and less nutrient conditions) vs. those collected in the La Araña beach in oligotrophic waters (algae …

Radiative Heat Transfer Analysis Of Railroad Bearings For Wayside Hot-Box Detector Optimization, Arthur Mealer, Constantine Tarawneh, Stephen Crown

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The railroad industry utilizes wayside detection systems to monitor the temperature of freight railcar bearings in service. The wayside hot-box detector (HBD) is a device that sits on the side of the tracks and uses a non-contact infrared sensor to determine the temperature of the train bearings as they roll over the detector. Various factors can affect the temperature measurements of these wayside detection systems. The class of the railroad bearing and its position on the axle relative to the position of the wayside detector can affect the temperature measurement. That is, the location on the bearing cup where the …

Evaluating The Relationship Of Temperature And Growth Of A Larval Colorado River Catostomid, C. Latipinnis, Through Otolith Aging And Stable Isotopes (Δ18o), Adam Lawrence Barkalow

Biology ETDs

Knowledge of early life history strategies and ecological dynamics of larval fish growth and development is invaluable for effectively managing and conserving common and endangered fish species. Isotopic analysis of otoliths (bony structures of the inner ear) from larval Flannelmouth Suckers Catostomus latipinnis obtained from the Colorado River in Grand Canyon could greatly facilitate understanding of thermally-regulated growth rates, thermal preferences, and ontogenetic habitat use by these fishes. Colorado River water temperatures in the Grand Canyon are highly modified from projected historic water temperatures present before closure Glen Canyon Dam. Cold water as result of Glen Canyon dam and hypolimnetic …

The Impact Weather Has On Nyc Citi Bike Share Company Activity, Mark Martinez

Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics at Colby

This paper seeks to figure out the effect weather has on individuals’ behavior. A more focused approach to determining this effect is seeing how different weather conditions ranging from the temperature, the precipitation, the amount of inches of snowfall and the wind speed effect the ridership of Citi Bikes throughout all four seasons. The approach of this research paper is using data from the National Climatic Data Center that focuses in on the weather found in Manhattan, New York and correlates each of the weather conditions to the total number of trips per day that is provided by the Citi …