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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
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Improving Routing Efficiency, Fairness, Differentiated Servises And Throughput In Optical Networks, Bin Zhou
Improving Routing Efficiency, Fairness, Differentiated Servises And Throughput In Optical Networks, Bin Zhou
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical networks are rapidly becoming the technology of choice in next-generation Internet architectures. This dissertation addresses the important issues of improving four aspects of optical networks, namely, routing efficiency, fairness, differentiated quality of service (QoS) and throughput. A new approach for implementing efficient routing and wavelength assignment in WDM networks is proposed and evaluated. In this approach, the state of a multiple-fiber link is represented by a compact bitmap computed as the logical union of the bitmaps of the free wavelengths in the fibers of this link. A modified Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm and a wavelength …
Modeling Autonomous Agents In Military Simulations, Varol Kaptan
Modeling Autonomous Agents In Military Simulations, Varol Kaptan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Simulation is an important tool for prediction and assessment of the behavior of complex systems and situations. The importance of simulation has increased tremendously during the last few decades, mainly because the rapid pace of development in the field of electronics has turned the computer from a costly and obscure piece of equipment to a cheap ubiquitous tool which is now an integral part of our daily lives. While such technological improvements make it easier to analyze well-understood deterministic systems, increase in speed and storage capacity alone are not enough when simulating situations where human beings and their behavior are …
A Sparse Program Dependence Graph For Object Oriented Programming Languages, Keith Garfield
A Sparse Program Dependence Graph For Object Oriented Programming Languages, Keith Garfield
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The Program Dependence Graph (PDG) has achieved widespread acceptance as a useful tool for software engineering, program analysis, and automated compiler optimizations. This thesis presents the Sparse Object Oriented Program Dependence Graph (SOOPDG), a formalism that contains elements of traditional PDG's adapted to compactly represent programs written in object-oriented languages such as Java. This formalism is called sparse because, in contrast to other OO and Java-specific adaptations of PDG's, it introduces few node types and no new edge types beyond those used in traditional dependence-based representations. This results in correct program representations using smaller graph structures and simpler semantics when …
Experimental Analysis And Evaluation Of Tidy Tree Drawing Algorithms, Pankaj Mahajan
Experimental Analysis And Evaluation Of Tidy Tree Drawing Algorithms, Pankaj Mahajan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Tree Drawings have been used extensively in software engineering and many other business and computer applications. The basic structure of a tree allows for the organization and representation of complex information. Many commercial tools allow their users to draw or construct trees to represent a problem and/or its solution. Our focus is on dynamic trees - trees subject to frequent changes and redisplay in highly user-friendly interactive computer applications. Tree presentations in such interactive tools have to be precise and maintainable, which means, the tree presentations should maintain a particular structure so that user's mental perception of the tree is …
Wavelets In Real-Time Rendering, Weifeng Sun
Wavelets In Real-Time Rendering, Weifeng Sun
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Interactively simulating visual appearance of natural objects under natural illumination is a fundamental problem in computer graphics. 3D computer games, geometry modeling, training and simulation, electronic commerce, visualization, lighting design, digital libraries, geographical information systems, economic and medical image processing are typical candidate applications. Recent advances in graphics hardware have enabled real-time rasterization of complex scenes under artificial lighting environment. Meanwhile, pre-computation based soft shadow algorithms are proven effective under low-frequency lighting environment. Under the most practical yet popular all-frequency natural lighting environment, however, real-time rendering of dynamic scenes still remains a challenging problem. In this dissertation, we propose a …
Sub-Pixel Registration In Computational Imaging And Applications To Enhancement Of Maxillofacial Ct Data, Murat Balci
Sub-Pixel Registration In Computational Imaging And Applications To Enhancement Of Maxillofacial Ct Data, Murat Balci
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In computational imaging, data acquired by sampling the same scene or object at different times or from different orientations result in images in different coordinate systems. Registration is a crucial step in order to be able to compare, integrate and fuse the data obtained from different measurements. Tomography is the method of imaging a single plane or slice of an object. A Computed Tomography (CT) scan, also known as a CAT scan (Computed Axial Tomography scan), is a Helical Tomography, which traditionally produces a 2D image of the structures in a thin section of the body. It uses X-ray, which …
Multiple View Geometry For Video Analysis And Post-Production, Xiaochun Cao
Multiple View Geometry For Video Analysis And Post-Production, Xiaochun Cao
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Multiple view geometry is the foundation of an important class of computer vision techniques for simultaneous recovery of camera motion and scene structure from a set of images. There are numerous important applications in this area. Examples include video post-production, scene reconstruction, registration, surveillance, tracking, and segmentation. In video post-production, which is the topic being addressed in this dissertation, computer analysis of the motion of the camera can replace the currently used manual methods for correctly aligning an artificially inserted object in a scene. However, existing single view methods typically require multiple vanishing points, and therefore would fail when only …
Sensor-Based Computing Techniques For Real-Time Traffic Evacuation Management, Georgiana Hamza-Lup
Sensor-Based Computing Techniques For Real-Time Traffic Evacuation Management, Georgiana Hamza-Lup
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The threat of terrorist incidents is higher than ever before and devastating acts, such as the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, have left many concerns about the possibility of future incidents and their potential impact. Unlike some natural disasters that can be anticipated, terrorist attacks are sudden and unexpected. Even if sometimes we do have partial information about a possible attack, it is generally not known exactly where, when, or how an attack will occur. This lack of information posses great challenges on those responsible for security, specifically, on their ability to respond fast, whenever …
Video Content Extraction: Scene Segmentation, Linking And Attention Detection, Yun Zhai
Video Content Extraction: Scene Segmentation, Linking And Attention Detection, Yun Zhai
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this fast paced digital age, a vast amount of videos are produced every day, such as movies, TV programs, personal home videos, surveillance video, etc. This places a high demand for effective video data analysis and management techniques. In this dissertation, we have developed new techniques for segmentation, linking and understanding of video scenes. Firstly, we have developed a video scene segmentation framework that segments the video content into story units. Then, a linking method is designed to find the semantic correlation between video scenes/stories. Finally, to better understand the video content, we have developed a spatiotemporal attention detection …
Algorithms For Discovering Communities In Complex Networks, Hemant Balakrishnan
Algorithms For Discovering Communities In Complex Networks, Hemant Balakrishnan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
It has been observed that real-world random networks like the WWW, Internet, social networks, citation networks, etc., organize themselves into closely-knit groups that are locally dense and globally sparse. These closely-knit groups are termed communities. Nodes within a community are similar in some aspect. For example in a WWW network, communities might consist of web pages that share similar contents. Mining these communities facilitates better understanding of their evolution and topology, and is of great theoretical and commercial significance. Community related research has focused on two main problems: community discovery and community identification. Community discovery is the problem of extracting …
Modeling, Simulation, And Visualization Of 3d Lung Dynamics, Anand Santhanam
Modeling, Simulation, And Visualization Of 3d Lung Dynamics, Anand Santhanam
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Medical simulation has facilitated the understanding of complex biological phenomenon through its inherent explanatory power. It is a critical component for planning clinical interventions and analyzing its effect on a human subject. The success of medical simulation is evidenced by the fact that over one third of all medical schools in the United States augment their teaching curricula using patient simulators. Medical simulators present combat medics and emergency providers with video-based descriptions of patient symptoms along with step-by-step instructions on clinical procedures that alleviate the patient's condition. Recent advances in clinical imaging technology have led to an effective medical visualization …
Real-Time Monocular Vision-Based Tracking For Interactive Augmented Reality, Lisa Spencer
Real-Time Monocular Vision-Based Tracking For Interactive Augmented Reality, Lisa Spencer
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The need for real-time video analysis is rapidly increasing in today's world. The decreasing cost of powerful processors and the proliferation of affordable cameras, combined with needs for security, methods for searching the growing collection of video data, and an appetite for high-tech entertainment, have produced an environment where video processing is utilized for a wide variety of applications. Tracking is an element in many of these applications, for purposes like detecting anomalous behavior, classifying video clips, and measuring athletic performance. In this dissertation we focus on augmented reality, but the methods and conclusions are applicable to a wide variety …
Syntax-Based Concept Extraction For Question Answering, Demetrios Glinos
Syntax-Based Concept Extraction For Question Answering, Demetrios Glinos
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Question answering (QA) stands squarely along the path from document retrieval to text understanding. As an area of research interest, it serves as a proving ground where strategies for document processing, knowledge representation, question analysis, and answer extraction may be evaluated in real world information extraction contexts. The task is to go beyond the representation of text documents as "bags of words" or data blobs that can be scanned for keyword combinations and word collocations in the manner of internet search engines. Instead, the goal is to recognize and extract the semantic content of the text, and to organize it …
Collaboration Enforcement In Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Ning Jiang
Collaboration Enforcement In Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Ning Jiang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) have attracted great research interest in recent years. Among many issues, lack of motivation for participating nodes to collaborate forms a major obstacle to the adoption of MANETs. Many contemporary collaboration enforcement techniques employ reputation mechanisms for nodes to avoid and penalize malicious participants. Reputation information is propagated among participants and updated based on complicated trust relationships to thwart false accusation of benign nodes. The aforementioned strategy suffers from low scalability and is likely to be exploited by adversaries. To address these problems, we first propose a finite state model. With this technique, no reputation …
Analysis Of Aircraft Arrival Delay And Airport On-Time Performance, Yuqiong Bai
Analysis Of Aircraft Arrival Delay And Airport On-Time Performance, Yuqiong Bai
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
While existing grid environments cater to specific needs of a particular user community, we need to go beyond them and consider general-purpose large-scale distributed systems consisting of large collections of heterogeneous computers and communication systems shared by a large user population with very diverse requirements. Coordination, matchmaking, and resource allocation are among the essential functions of large-scale distributed systems. Although deterministic approaches for coordination, matchmaking, and resource allocation have been well studied, they are not suitable for large-scale distributed systems due to the large-scale, the autonomy, and the dynamics of the systems. We have to seek for nondeterministic solutions for …
Image-Based Material Editing, Erum Khan
Image-Based Material Editing, Erum Khan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Photo editing software allows digital images to be blurred, warped or re-colored at the touch of a button. However, it is not currently possible to change the material appearance of an object except by painstakingly painting over the appropriate pixels. Here we present a set of methods for automatically replacing one material with another, completely different material, starting with only a single high dynamic range image, and an alpha matte specifying the object. Our approach exploits the fact that human vision is surprisingly tolerant of certain (sometimes enormous) physical inaccuracies. Thus, it may be possible to produce a visually compelling …
Algorithms For Haplotype Inference And Block Partitioning, Satya Ravi Vijaya
Algorithms For Haplotype Inference And Block Partitioning, Satya Ravi Vijaya
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The completion of the human genome project in 2003 paved the way for studies to better understand and catalog variation in the human genome. The International HapMap Project was started in 2002 with the aim of identifying genetic variation in the human genome and studying the distribution of genetic variation across populations of individuals. The information collected by the HapMap project will enable researchers in associating genetic variations with phenotypic variations. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) are loci in the genome where two individuals differ in a single base. It is estimated that there are approximately ten million SNPs in the …
Object Association Across Multiple Moving Cameras In Planar Scenes, Yaser Sheikh
Object Association Across Multiple Moving Cameras In Planar Scenes, Yaser Sheikh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this dissertation, we address the problem of object detection and object association across multiple cameras over large areas that are well modeled by planes. We present a unifying probabilistic framework that captures the underlying geometry of planar scenes, and present algorithms to estimate geometric relationships between different cameras, which are subsequently used for co-operative association of objects. We first present a local1 object detection scheme that has three fundamental innovations over existing approaches. First, the model of the intensities of image pixels as independent random variables is challenged and it is asserted that useful correlation exists in intensities of …