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Articles 1 - 30 of 391
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
What's Ahead For 2007? Knowledge@Wharton Network Surveys The Globe, Knowledge@Smu
What's Ahead For 2007? Knowledge@Wharton Network Surveys The Globe, Knowledge@Smu
Knowledge@SMU
On the financial front, 2006 has been a pretty good year all around. Stock markets in many countries have rallied, energy prices have fallen, inflation is relatively low and growth in GDP ranges from respectable to robust. But the economies of most countries also face a number of threats -- some predictable, some not -- that could derail recent gains in our increasingly connected global markets. What's ahead for 2007 in the U.S., India, Europe, Latin America, China and other parts of the world? We offer a roundup of reports from the Knowledge@Wharton Network, including India Knowledge@Wharton, Universia Knowledge@Wharton and …
How And Why Chinese Firms Excel In 'The Art Of Price War', Knowledge@Smu
How And Why Chinese Firms Excel In 'The Art Of Price War', Knowledge@Smu
Knowledge@SMU
When it comes to price wars, Wharton marketing professor Z. John Zhang can't help but notice that companies in the West and companies in China are quite literally worlds apart. In the West, Zhang says, the outbreak of a price war is viewed as the failure of managerial rationality. In China, the outbreak of a price war is considered a legitimate and effective business strategy. In a recent paper, Zhang and Dongsheng Zhou, a marketing professor at the China Europe International Business School in Shanghai, analyze two price wars that took place in China in the mid-1990s.
Dynamic Multi-Linked Negotiations In Multi-Echelon Production Scheduling Networks, Hoong Chuin Lau, Guan Li Soh, Wee Chong Wan
Dynamic Multi-Linked Negotiations In Multi-Echelon Production Scheduling Networks, Hoong Chuin Lau, Guan Li Soh, Wee Chong Wan
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
In this paper, we are concerned with scheduling resources in a multi-tier production/logistics system for multi-indenture goods. Unlike classical production scheduling problems, the problem we study is concerned with local utilities which are private. We present an agent model and investigate an efficient scheme for handling multi-linked agent negotiations. With this scheme we attempt to overcome the drawbacks of sequential negotiations and negotiation parameter settings. Our approach is based on embedding a credit-based negotiation protocol within a local search scheduling algorithm. We demonstrate the computational efficiency and effectiveness of the approach in solving a real-life dynamic production scheduling problem which …
The Association Between Earnings Quality And Regulatory Report Opinions In The Accounting Industry, Tracey Chunqi Zhang, Katherine Gunny
The Association Between Earnings Quality And Regulatory Report Opinions In The Accounting Industry, Tracey Chunqi Zhang, Katherine Gunny
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
We compare the outcome of two different information systems – self regulation versus private sector regulation – in the accounting industry. Under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) inspections replaced American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) peer reviews of auditors. Peer review opinions are useful with respect to decisions about hiring and firing of auditors (Hilary and Lennox, 2005); therefore, the question remains what are the benefits of incurring the cost to replace a selfregulatory system with a private regulatory agency. We examine the usefulness of these two information systems at distinguishing earnings quality at firms …
Designing Web Sites For Customer Loyalty Across Business Domains: A Multilevel Analysis, S. Mithas, Narayanasamy Ramasubbu, M. S. Krishnan, C. Fornell
Designing Web Sites For Customer Loyalty Across Business Domains: A Multilevel Analysis, S. Mithas, Narayanasamy Ramasubbu, M. S. Krishnan, C. Fornell
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Web Sites are important components of Internet strategy for organizations. This paper develops a theoretical model for understanding the effect of Web site design elements on customer loyalty to a Web site. We show the relevance of the business domain of a Web site to gain a contextual understanding of relative importance of Web site design elements. We use a hierarchical linear modeling approach to model multilevel and cross-level interactions that have not been explicitly considered in previous research. By analyzing, data on more than 12,000 online customer surveys for 43 Web sites in several business domains, we find that …
Reputation Stretching In Online Auctions, Jianqing Chen, Mei Lin, Andrew B. Whinston
Reputation Stretching In Online Auctions, Jianqing Chen, Mei Lin, Andrew B. Whinston
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Reputation systems are ubiquitously employed in the online marketplaces to provide information on users’ abilities and trustworthiness. We focus particularly on the problem of reputation stretching, the extension of an established reputation into a new market. By examining various factors—market size, the expected performance in the expanding market, and the risk of performance in the expanding market—we characterize conditions that affect bidder’s stretching decision in the expanding market. Moreover, we analyze both the short-term and the long-term expanding cases, and obtain contrasting results in the two settings.
Supply Chain Information Sharing In A Macro Prediction Market, Zhiling Guo, Fang Fang, Andrew B. Whinston
Supply Chain Information Sharing In A Macro Prediction Market, Zhiling Guo, Fang Fang, Andrew B. Whinston
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This paper aims to address supply chain partners' incentives for information sharing from an information systems design perspective. Specifically, we consider a supply chain characterized by N geographically distributed retailers who order a homogeneous product from one manufacturer. Each retailer's demand risk consists of two parts: a systematic risk part that affects all retailers and an idiosyncratic risk part that only has a local effect. We propose a macro prediction market to effectively elicit and aggregate useful information about systematic demand risk. We show that such information can be used to achieve accurate demand forecast sharing and better channel coordination …
Continuous Monitoring Of Knn Queries In Wireless Sensor Networks, Yuxia Yao, Xueyan Tang, Ee Peng Lim
Continuous Monitoring Of Knn Queries In Wireless Sensor Networks, Yuxia Yao, Xueyan Tang, Ee Peng Lim
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Wireless sensor networks have been widely used for civilian and military applications, such as environmental monitoring and vehicle tracking. In these applications, continuous query processing is often required and their efficient evaluation is a critical requirement to be met. Due to the limited power supply for sensor nodes, energy efficiency is a major performance measure in such query evaluation. In this paper, we focus on continuous kNN query processing. We observe that the centralized data storage and monitoring schemes do not favor energy efficiency. We therefore propose a localized scheme to monitor long running nearest neighbor queries in sensor networks. …
The Singapore 'Advantage' In Suzhou, China: Premium Or Perception?, Caroline Yeoh, Di Kun Goh, Victor Sim, Norhanna Yumi
The Singapore 'Advantage' In Suzhou, China: Premium Or Perception?, Caroline Yeoh, Di Kun Goh, Victor Sim, Norhanna Yumi
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This paper revisits Singapore’s industrial development in Suzhou, China, which has been in operation for more than a decade. We aim to glean insights from this experiment and more importantly, to verify recent claims of it generating political gain and economic capital for Singapore. The flagship project took on an identical framework as the other Singaporean transborder industrialization ventures in the region by adopting Singapore’s expertise and reputation for an efficient and stable government and investment environment. These measures were coupled with the combination of local-specific advantages in the region, such as availability of cheaper labour and market access. Singapore’s …
Online Advertising By The Comparison Challenge Approach, Jae Wong Lee, Jae Kyu Lee
Online Advertising By The Comparison Challenge Approach, Jae Wong Lee, Jae Kyu Lee
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
To enhance the effectiveness of online comparisons from a manufacturer's point of view, we develop a framework for the comparison challenge approach. To develop the comparison challenge framework, we analyze 12 factors that determine the characteristics of comparison and propose models of valuable comparison challenges using the CompareMe and CompareThem strategies. We demonstrate the approaches with the example of PC selection. To help plan the comparison challenges, we formulate a mathematical programming model that maximizes the total value of comparison under the constraints of comparison opportunity and budgetary limitation. The model is applied to eight comparison scenarios, and its performance …
Towards Effective Content-Based Music Retrieval With Multiple Acoustic Feature Combination, Jialie Shen, John Shepherd, Ann H. H. Ngu
Towards Effective Content-Based Music Retrieval With Multiple Acoustic Feature Combination, Jialie Shen, John Shepherd, Ann H. H. Ngu
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
In this paper, we present a new approach to constructing music descriptors to support efficient content-based music retrieval and classification. The system applies multiple musical properties combined with a hybrid architecture based on principal component analysis (PCA) and a multilayer perceptron neural network. This architecture enables straightforward incorporation of multiple musical feature vectors, based on properties such as timbral texture, pitch, and rhythm structure, into a single low-dimensioned vector that is more effective for classification than the larger individual feature vectors. The use of supervised training enables incorporation of human musical perception that further enhances the classification process. We compare …
On The Lower Bound Of Local Optimums In K-Means Algorithms, Zhenjie Zhang, Bing Tian Dai, Anthony K.H. Tung
On The Lower Bound Of Local Optimums In K-Means Algorithms, Zhenjie Zhang, Bing Tian Dai, Anthony K.H. Tung
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
No abstract provided.
Rapid Identification Of Column Heterogeneity, Bing Tian Dai, Nick Koudas, Beng Chin Ooi, Divesh Srivastava, Suresh Venkatasubramanian
Rapid Identification Of Column Heterogeneity, Bing Tian Dai, Nick Koudas, Beng Chin Ooi, Divesh Srivastava, Suresh Venkatasubramanian
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
No abstract provided.
A Universal Copyright Fund: A New Way To Bridge The Copyright Divide, Kung-Chung Liu, Haochen Sun
A Universal Copyright Fund: A New Way To Bridge The Copyright Divide, Kung-Chung Liu, Haochen Sun
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
The ever-increasing digitization of works, along with the deployment of technical measures to protect such works and the expansive use of the Internet, further exacerbate the divide between the IP-rich and IP-poor countries in their ability to benefit from such works. It is suggested by this paper that to borrow from experiences on how the telecommunications world provides universal service to each and every household at affordable prices, and to endeavor to shed some new light on how the copyright divide can be narrowed. It is structured in three parts. The first part will examine the past and future failure …
Certainty As A Moderator Of Feedback Reactions? A Test Of The Strength Of The Self-Verification Motive, Frederik Anseel, Filip Lievens
Certainty As A Moderator Of Feedback Reactions? A Test Of The Strength Of The Self-Verification Motive, Frederik Anseel, Filip Lievens
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The present study investigated whether employees are merely interested in hearing good news about themselves, as predicted by self-enhancement theory, or are more interested in feedback that confirms their self-concept, as predicted by self-verification theory. We examined in a field study whether self-view certainty serves as a moderator and strengthens the effect of congruence between individuals' self-views and the performance feedback they receive about these self-views on feedback reactions. Polynomial regression results revealed that people mainly reacted favourably to positive feedback. Prior self-views did not play a key role in explaining feedback reactions. As feedback scores were the main determinant …
Insider Trading And Voluntary Disclosures, Qiang Cheng, Kin Lo
Insider Trading And Voluntary Disclosures, Qiang Cheng, Kin Lo
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
We hypothesize that insiders strategically choose disclosure policies and the timing of their equity trades to maximize trading profits, subject to the litigation costs associated with disclosure and insider trading. Accounting for endogeneity between disclosures and trading, we find that when managers plan to purchase shares, they increase the number of bad news forecasts to reduce the purchase price. In addition, this relation is stronger for trades initiated by chief executive officers than for those initiated by other executives. Confirming this strategic behavior, we find that managers successfully time their trades around bad news forecasts, buying fewer shares beforehand and …
Campaign Tactics And Citizens' Electoral Decisions, Massimiliano Landi, Chun Seng Yip
Campaign Tactics And Citizens' Electoral Decisions, Massimiliano Landi, Chun Seng Yip
Research Collection School Of Economics
This paper considers how electoral competition affects voters’ turnout and candidate choice. We do so via an instrumental-variable (IV) bivariate probit with selection which jointly estimates both processes. Our analysis controls for individual and election characteristics, campaigning, and election day weather. We focus on the effects of negative advertising (tone) and overall spending (intensity) on several aspects of voter behavior, including abstentions. Our findings: tone increases turnout of Independents only, and can strengthen partisanship among non-voters. Campaign intensity matters more than tone. Overall, there is evidence that Democrats, Independents and Republicans have different propensities to react to campaigning, which do …
Simulation-Based Estimation Of Contingent-Claims Prices, Peter C. B. Phillips, Jun Yu
Simulation-Based Estimation Of Contingent-Claims Prices, Peter C. B. Phillips, Jun Yu
Research Collection School Of Economics
A new methodology is proposed to estimate theortical prices of financial contingent-claims whose values are dependent on some other underlying financial assets. In the literature the preferred choice of estimator is usually maximum likelihood (ML). ML has strong asymptotic justification but is not necessarily the best method in finite samples. The present paper proposes instead a simulation-based method that improves the finite sample performance of the ML estimator while maintaining its good asymptotic properties. The methods are implemented and evaluated here in the Black-Scholes option pricing model and in the Vasicek bond pricing model, but have wider applicability. Monte Carlo …
Towards Effective Content-Based Music Retrieval With Multiple Acoustic Feature Composition, Jialie Shen, John Shepherd, Ngu Ahh
Towards Effective Content-Based Music Retrieval With Multiple Acoustic Feature Composition, Jialie Shen, John Shepherd, Ngu Ahh
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
In this paper, we present a new approach to constructing music descriptors to support efficient content-based music retrieval and classification. The system applies multiple musical properties combined with a hybrid architecture based on principal component analysis (PCA) and a multilayer perceptron neural network. This architecture enables straightforward incorporation of multiple musical feature vectors, based on properties such as timbral texture, pitch, and rhythm structure, into a single low-dimensioned vector that is more effective for classification than the larger individual feature vectors. The use of supervised training enables incorporation of human musical perception that further enhances the classification process. We compare …
Set-Based Cascading Approaches For Magnetic Resonance (Mr) Image Segmentation (Scamis), Jiang Liu, Tze-Yun Leong, Kin Ban Chee, Boon Pin Tan, Borys Shuter, Shih Chang Wang
Set-Based Cascading Approaches For Magnetic Resonance (Mr) Image Segmentation (Scamis), Jiang Liu, Tze-Yun Leong, Kin Ban Chee, Boon Pin Tan, Borys Shuter, Shih Chang Wang
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This paper introduces Set-based Cascading Approach for Medical Image Segmentation (SCAMIS), a new methodology for segmentation of medical imaging by integrating a number of algorithms. Existing approaches typically adopt the pipeline methodology. Although these methods provide promising results, the results generated are still susceptible to over-segmentation and leaking. In our methodology, we describe how set operations can be utilized to better overcome these problems. To evaluate the effectiveness of this approach, Magnetic Resonance Images taken from a teaching hospital research programme have been utilised, to reflect the real world quality needed for testing in patient datasets. A comparison between the …
Economics Of Competition': A Study Of Low-Cost Manufacturing Enclaves In Batam Island, Indonesia, Caroline Yeoh, Feng Hao Chua, Sylvie Tan
Economics Of Competition': A Study Of Low-Cost Manufacturing Enclaves In Batam Island, Indonesia, Caroline Yeoh, Feng Hao Chua, Sylvie Tan
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Singapore’s transborder industrialization projects in China and India have received much attention. This regionalization initiative was intended to set in place a strategic configuration for the city-state to restructure its domestic industries and, pari passu, retain important linkages with contiguous, low-cost environments. Our study reports on Singapore’s pioneering, albeit lesser-known, project - Batamindo Industrial Park – in neighboring Batam Island, Indonesia, and finds that the strategic intent of this policy gambit remains stymied by non-economic, socio-political complexities in the host environment, and the economics of competition from other industrial estates in the vicinity of this prototype, remains to be addressed.
Query-Based Watermarking For Xml Data, Xuan Zhou, Hwee Hwa Pang, Kian-Lee Tan
Query-Based Watermarking For Xml Data, Xuan Zhou, Hwee Hwa Pang, Kian-Lee Tan
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
As increasing amount of XML data is exchanged over the internet, copyright protection of this type of data is becoming an important requirement for many applications. In this paper, we introduce a rights protection scheme for XML data based on digital watermarking. One of the main challenges for watermarking XML data is that the data could be easily reorganized by an adversary in an attempt to destroy any embedded watermark. To overcome it, we propose a query-based watermarking scheme, which creates queries to identify available watermarking capacity, such that watermarks could be recovered from reorganized data through query rewriting. The …
Plans As Products Of Learning, Samin Karim, Budhitama Subagdja, Liz Sonenberg
Plans As Products Of Learning, Samin Karim, Budhitama Subagdja, Liz Sonenberg
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
This paper presents motivations and current related work in the field of plan learning. Additionally, two approaches that achieve plan learning are presented. The two presented approaches are centred on the BDI framework of agency and have particular focus on plans, which, alongside goals, are the means to fulfil intentions in most pragmatic and theoretical realisations of the BDI framework. The first approach is a hybrid architecture that combines a BDI plan extractor and executor with a generic low-level learner. The second approach uses hypotheses to suggest incremental refinements of a priori plans. Both approaches achieve plan generation that is …
Formal Analysis And Systematic Construction Of Two-Factor Authentication Scheme, Guomin Yang, Duncan S. Wong, Huaxiong Wang, Xiaotie Deng
Formal Analysis And Systematic Construction Of Two-Factor Authentication Scheme, Guomin Yang, Duncan S. Wong, Huaxiong Wang, Xiaotie Deng
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
One of the most commonly used two-factor authentication mechanisms is based on smart card and user’s password. Throughout the years, there have been many schemes proposed, but most of them have already been found flawed due to the lack of formal security analysis. On the cryptanalysis of this type of schemes, in this paper, we further review two recently proposed schemes and show that their security claims are invalid. To address the current issue, we propose a new and simplified property set and a formal adversarial model for analyzing the security of this type of schemes. We believe that the …
Implication Of Comprehensive Income Disclosure For Future Earnings And Analysts' Forecasts, Jong-Hag Choi, Yoonseok Zang
Implication Of Comprehensive Income Disclosure For Future Earnings And Analysts' Forecasts, Jong-Hag Choi, Yoonseok Zang
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
This paper examines the association of comprehensive income with subsequent period net income as well as analysts’ earnings forecasts. Our results support the notion that comprehensive income is incrementally useful in predicting subsequent period changes in net income. We also document that comprehensive income is associated with analysts’ earnings forecast revisions and forecast errors. The evidence is consistent with analysts’ failure to fully utilize the information disclosed in comprehensive income. The result suggests that analysts revise their year t+1’s forecast downward when comprehensive income is smaller than net income but they do not revise the forecast upward when comprehensive income …
Escalation And De-Escalation Of Commitment To Information Systems Projects: Insights From An Approach-Avoidance Process Model, Gary Pan, Shan Ling Pan
Escalation And De-Escalation Of Commitment To Information Systems Projects: Insights From An Approach-Avoidance Process Model, Gary Pan, Shan Ling Pan
Research Collection School Of Accountancy
We view escalation and de-escalation of commitment as processes involving recurring instances of approach-avoidance conflict. This paper outlines an approach-avoidance process model for describing and analyzing escalation and de-escalation of commitment in information systems projects. In the model, the sequential mapping of project events is integrated with a model of approach-avoidance conflict that identifies periods of gradual evolution at two separate levels of social analysis (project and work) that are punctuated by sudden, revolutionary periods of rapid change. By conceiving the processes of commitment escalation and de-escalation as sequences of events involving approach-avoidance conflicts, researchers may develop a deeper understanding …
Cosign: A Parallel Algorithm For Coordinated Traffic Signal Control, Shih-Fen Cheng, Marina A. Epelman, Robert L. Smith
Cosign: A Parallel Algorithm For Coordinated Traffic Signal Control, Shih-Fen Cheng, Marina A. Epelman, Robert L. Smith
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
The problem of finding optimal coordinated signal timing plans for a large number of traffic signals is a challenging problem because of the exponential growth in the number of joint timing plans that need to be explored as the network size grows. In this paper, the game-theoretic paradigm of fictitious play to iteratively search for a coordinated signal timing plan is employed, which improves a system-wide performance criterion for a traffic network. The algorithm is robustly scalable to realistic-size networks modeled with high-fidelity simulations. Results of a case study for the city of Troy, MI, where there are 75 signalized …
Maximum Likelihood And Gaussian Estimation Of Continuous Time Models In Finance, Peter C. B. Phillips, Jun Yu
Maximum Likelihood And Gaussian Estimation Of Continuous Time Models In Finance, Peter C. B. Phillips, Jun Yu
Research Collection School Of Economics
This paper overviews maximum likelihood and Gaussian methods of estimating continuous time models used in finance. Since the exact likelihood can be constructed only in special cases, much attention has been devoted to the development of methods designed to approximate the likelihood. These approaches range from crude Euler-type approximations and higher order stochastic Taylor series expansions to more complex polynomial-based expansions and infill approximations to the likelihood based on a continuous time data record. The methods are discussed, their properties are outlined and their relative finite sample performance compared in a simulation experiment with the nonlinear CIR diffusion model, which …
Indirect Inference For Dynamic Panel Models, Christian Gourieroux, Peter C. B. Phillips, Jun Yu
Indirect Inference For Dynamic Panel Models, Christian Gourieroux, Peter C. B. Phillips, Jun Yu
Research Collection School Of Economics
It is well-known that maximum likelihood (ML) estimation of the autoregressive parameter of a dynamic panel data model with fixed effects is inconsistent under fixed time series sample size (T) and large cross section sample size (N) asymptotics. The estimation bias is particularly relevant in practical applications when T is small and the autoregressive parameter is close to unity. The present paper proposes a general, computationally inexpensive method of bias reduction that is based on indirect inference (Gouriéroux et al., 1993), shows unbiasedness and analyzes efficiency. The method is implemented in a simple linear dynamic panel model, but has wider …
Multivariate Stochastic Volatility, Manabu Asai, Michael Mcaleer, Jun Yu
Multivariate Stochastic Volatility, Manabu Asai, Michael Mcaleer, Jun Yu
Research Collection School Of Economics
The literature on multivariate stochastic volatility (MSV) models has developed significantly over the last few years. This paper reviews the substantial literature on specification, estimation and evaluation of MSV models. A wide range of MSV models is presented according to various categories, namely (i) asymmetric models; (ii) factor models; (iii) time-varying correlation models; and (iv) alternative MSV specifications, including models based on the matrix exponential transformation, Cholesky decomposition, Wishart autoregressive process, and the empirical range. Alternative methods of estimation, including quasi-maximum likelihood, simulated maximum likelihood, Monte Carlo likelihood, and Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, are discussed and compared. Various methods …