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Remote Preconditioning: Evaluating The Efficacy Of Cardioprotection In Type-2 Diabetes And Exploring The Mechanistic Role Of Exosomes, Joseph Michael Wider
Remote Preconditioning: Evaluating The Efficacy Of Cardioprotection In Type-2 Diabetes And Exploring The Mechanistic Role Of Exosomes, Joseph Michael Wider
Wayne State University Dissertations
Remote preconditioning is a promising and robust treatment for myocardial
ischemia/reperfusion injury that evokes cardioprotection through endogenous neural
and/or humoral signaling. A recent study has reported that protective signaling is
mediated by exosomes through the circulation; however this concept is supported by
limited and inconsistent evidence. Despite overwhelming success in preclinical studies,
the efficacy of remote preconditioning in human studies is inconclusive. Importantly, the
majority of remote preconditioning studies use healthy animal models despite growing
evidence that comorbidities, such as type-2 diabetes, may negatively influence
outcomes. Nonetheless, the efficacy of remote preconditioning in the setting of type-2
diabetes has not …
Human Kinome In Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance, Yue Qi
Human Kinome In Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance, Yue Qi
Wayne State University Dissertations
Protein kinases play fundamental roles in regulation of biological processes and functions, such as insulin signaling and glucose metabolism. Dysregulation of protein kinases may cause impaired cell signaling and human diseases, such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Skeletal muscle is the main site responsible for insulin-stimulated glucose disposal, and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle is one of the key features of the pathogenesis of T2D. Therefore, malfunction of protein kinases and their interaction proteins may contribute to the molecular mechanism of insulin resistance in human skeletal muscle. However, no large scale profiling study has been reported to …
Linking Environmental Toxicant Exposure To Diabetes Susceptibility, Jannifer Beth Tyrrell
Linking Environmental Toxicant Exposure To Diabetes Susceptibility, Jannifer Beth Tyrrell
Wayne State University Dissertations
An important and unresolved question in the environmental health field is whether exposure to common environmental toxicants, such as dioxin and heavy metals like Pb, increase the risk of developing diabetes, especially in combination with other common metabolic stressors such as obesity.
Previous studies suggested that dioxin exposure increased peripheral insulin resistance but did not appear to cause fasting hyperglycemia or elevated hepatic glucose output. In concordance with those findings we observed that dioxin treatment caused a strong suppression of the expression of the key hepatic gluconeogenic genes PEPCK and G6Pase. However, this suppression was not solely mediated by the …
Mechanisms Of Translation Arrest Following Focal Brain Ischemia, Monique K. Lewis
Mechanisms Of Translation Arrest Following Focal Brain Ischemia, Monique K. Lewis
Wayne State University Dissertations
MECHANISMS OF TRANSLATION ARREST FOLLOWING FOCAL BRAIN
ISCHEMIA
by
MONIQUE K. LEWIS
August 2011
Advisor: Dr. Donald DeGracia
Major: Physiology
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy
The loss of blood flow to the brain is termed ischemia and the subsequent resumption of blood flow is termed reperfusion. Brain ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) occurs primarily following resuscitation from cardiac arrest and stroke and presents one of the most significant clinical challenges. At present, there are no clinically effective pharmacologic interventions to halt brain damage following I/R. The major Aim of this dissertation will be to investigate possible mechanisms involved in neuron death following …