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2006

Japan

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Legal Reform In Contemporary Japan, Eric Feldman Dec 2006

Legal Reform In Contemporary Japan, Eric Feldman

All Faculty Scholarship

In this chapter I offer a preliminary assessment of a quickly moving target—legal reform and its impact on rights in Japan. Although a broad consensus has emerged among interested parties that at least some degree of reform is desirable, there is significant disagreement about the goals of reform, and also about the likelihood that it will achieve certain objectives. Some commentators believe that the Japanese legal system is on the cusp of a “revolution” that will shore up long-neglected rights and create new entitlements. Others predict that the consequences of reform will be modest; and they despair that aggrieved individuals …


Reiterated Commemoration: Hiroshima As National Trauma, Hiro Saito Dec 2006

Reiterated Commemoration: Hiroshima As National Trauma, Hiro Saito

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This article examines historical transformations of Japanese collective memory of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima by utilizing a theoretical framework that combines a model of reiterated problem solving and a theory of cultural trauma. I illustrate how the event of the nuclear fallout in March 1954 allowed actors to consolidate previously fragmented commemorative practices into a master frame to define the postwar Japanese identity in terms of transnational commemoration of "Hiroshima." I also show that nationalization of trauma of "Hiroshima" involved a shift from pity to sympathy in structures of feeling about the event. This historical study suggests that a …


Japan’S Original Gay Boom, Mark J. Mclelland Oct 2006

Japan’S Original Gay Boom, Mark J. Mclelland

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This paper looks at the rise of the category gei boi (gay boy) in postwar Japanese media.


Research Note: First Record Of Ancylostoma Malayanum (Alessandrini, 1905) From Brown Bears (Ursus Arctos L.), Mitsuhiko Asakawa, Scott Lyell Gardner, Tsutomu Mano Jul 2006

Research Note: First Record Of Ancylostoma Malayanum (Alessandrini, 1905) From Brown Bears (Ursus Arctos L.), Mitsuhiko Asakawa, Scott Lyell Gardner, Tsutomu Mano

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

This is the first report of Ancylostoma malayanum (Alessandrini, 1905), subgenus Ceylancylostoma (Lichtenfels, 1980) from wild brown bears Ursus arctos L. The bears were collected by shooting in Wassamu-Cho province (44 [degrees] 80 [minutes] 59 [seconds] N, 142 [degrees] 82 [minutes] 99 [seconds] E), Hokkaido, Japan, November, 2003.


Financial System Report, Bank Of Japan/Central Bank Of Japan Jul 2006

Financial System Report, Bank Of Japan/Central Bank Of Japan

Documents

No abstract provided.


Diplomacy Interrupted?: Macmahon Ball, Evatt And Labor’S Policies In Occupied Japan, Christine M. De Matos Jun 2006

Diplomacy Interrupted?: Macmahon Ball, Evatt And Labor’S Policies In Occupied Japan, Christine M. De Matos

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Historiography on the Australian political and diplomatic role in the Allied Occupation of Japan (1945-1952) gives disproportionate attention to the meetings between the Australian Minister for External Affairs, H.V. Evatt, and the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers in Japan (SCAP), General Douglas MacArthur, in Tokyo during 1947. These meetings are then linked to the subsequent resignation from the Allied Council for Japan (ACJ) of William Macmahon Ball, an Australian academic representing the British Commonwealth, and used to justify the claim that Australian policy towards Occupied Japan was unpredictable and ad hoc. This attention to Ball’s resignation has distorted analysis …


Strategic Investments In Japanese Corporations: Do Foreign Portfolio Owners Foster Underinvestment Or Appropriate Investment?, Parthiban David, Toru Yoshikawa, Murali D. R. Chari, Abdul A. Rasheed Jun 2006

Strategic Investments In Japanese Corporations: Do Foreign Portfolio Owners Foster Underinvestment Or Appropriate Investment?, Parthiban David, Toru Yoshikawa, Murali D. R. Chari, Abdul A. Rasheed

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This paper investigates the effect of foreign ownership on strategic investments in Japanese corporations. Foreign owners are typically portfolio investors who frequently buy and sell shares and hold diversified portfolios of small stakes in many firms. Prior research has presented two conflicting perspectives on the role of such investors: (a) their frequent trading leads to pressure for short-term returns that fosters underinvestment; (b) their active trading fosters appropriate investments. We investigated the relationship between foreign ownership and strategic investments using dynamic panel data analysis of a sample of 146 Japanese manufacturing firms from 1991 to 1997. We found that foreign …


Introduction Of Funds-Supplying Operations Against Pooled Collateral, Bank Of Japan/Central Bank Of Japan Apr 2006

Introduction Of Funds-Supplying Operations Against Pooled Collateral, Bank Of Japan/Central Bank Of Japan

Documents

No abstract provided.


The Culture Of Legal Change: A Case Study Of Tobacco Control In Twenty-First Century Japan, Eric Feldman Apr 2006

The Culture Of Legal Change: A Case Study Of Tobacco Control In Twenty-First Century Japan, Eric Feldman

All Faculty Scholarship

This Article argues that the interaction of international norms and local culture is a central factor in the creation and transformation of legal rules. Like Alan Watson's influential theory of legal transplants, it emphasizes that legal change is frequently a consequence of learning from other jurisdictions. And like those who have argued that rational, self-interested lawmakers responding to incentives such as reelection are the engine of legal change, this Article treats incentives as critical motivators of human behavior. But in place of the cutting-and-pasting of black-letter legal doctrine it highlights the cross-border flow of social norms, and rather than material …


Leisure Time In Japan: How Much And For Whom?, Scott M. Fuess Jr. Mar 2006

Leisure Time In Japan: How Much And For Whom?, Scott M. Fuess Jr.

Department of Economics: Faculty Publications

Japan is famous for long working hours. For decades the Japanese government has tried to influence how people spend their free time. In 5-yearly surveys since 1986, the government has surveyed “quality of life” by gauging how much time people spend daily in various “noneconomic” activities. Using results from the 1986, 1991, 1996, and 2001 surveys, this study determines whether time spent daily on leisure activities has actually changed. Controlling for labor market forces, in recent years Japanese adults have not experienced more leisure time overall. They have increased time spent, one hour per week, in media-oriented leisure; this increase, …


Nothing New In The (North) East? Interpreting The Rhetoric And Reality Of Japanese Corporate Governance, Luke R. Nottage Jan 2006

Nothing New In The (North) East? Interpreting The Rhetoric And Reality Of Japanese Corporate Governance, Luke R. Nottage

Comparative Research in Law & Political Economy

Japan finally seems to be pulling itself out of its "lost decade" (and a half) of economic stagnation. Some grudgingly or triumphantly attribute this to micro-economic reforms, freeing up arthritic markets, although there is also evidence that macro-economic policy failures have been a major cause of poor performance since the 1990s. Many point to overlapping transformations in corporate governance, broadly defined to cover relationships among managers and employees as well as between firms and outside shareholders, creditors, and other stakeholders. These relationships are in flux, with moves arguably favouring shareholders and more market-driven control mechanisms. It has certainly been a …


Review Essay: National Traditions And Foreign Influences In The Architecture And Urban Form Of China And Japan, Carola Hein Jan 2006

Review Essay: National Traditions And Foreign Influences In The Architecture And Urban Form Of China And Japan, Carola Hein

Growth and Structure of Cities Faculty Research and Scholarship

Review of JEFFREY E. HANES, The City As Subject: Seki Hajime and the Reinvention of Modern Osaka. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002. pp. xii, 348, bibliography, index; JONATHAN M. REYNOLDS, Maekawa Kunio and the Emergence of Japanese Modernist Architecture. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001. pp. xviii, 318, bibliography, index; JEFFREY W. CODY, Building in China: Henry K. Murphy’s “Adaptive Architecture” 1914-1935. Seattle: University of Washington Press/The Chinese University Press, 2001. pp. xxiv, 264, bibliography, index; GIDEON S. GOLANY, Urban Design Ethics in Ancient China. Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 2001. pp. xvi, 312, bibliography, index.


743 ± 17 Ma Granite Clast From Jurassic Conglomerate, Kamiaso, Mino Terrane, Japan: The Case For South China Craton Provenance (Korean Gyeonggi Block?), Allen Phillip Nutman, Y Sano, K Terada, H Hidaka Jan 2006

743 ± 17 Ma Granite Clast From Jurassic Conglomerate, Kamiaso, Mino Terrane, Japan: The Case For South China Craton Provenance (Korean Gyeonggi Block?), Allen Phillip Nutman, Y Sano, K Terada, H Hidaka

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

The polymict Kamiaso Conglomerate (Mino Terrane, Japan) contains Jurassic to Palaeoproterozoic clasts—probably derived from Korean basement that lay nearby to the northwest at time of deposition. Clast K2 broke cleanly into two halves during sampling (but the halves were recombined for zircon separation). A third of the K2 zircons are colourless euhedral prisms with oscillatory zoning, with no inheritance and yielded a SHRIMP U/Pb date of 743±17 Ma. Two thirds of K2 zircons are brown oscillatory-zoned corroded prisms with a date of 1860±8 Ma, with inherited cores up to ∼2460 Ma. A likely explanation for this could be that clast …


The Occident In The Orient Or The Orient In The Occident?: Reception Of Said's Orientalism In Japan, Yoko Harada Jan 2006

The Occident In The Orient Or The Orient In The Occident?: Reception Of Said's Orientalism In Japan, Yoko Harada

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

[extract] “Although Edward does not appear in the film, he exists in every aspect of it” commented Mariam Said, a widow of Edward W. Said (Siglo 2006, Yuri 2006a, p. 30). In April and May 2006, a documentary film called Edward W. Said: Out of Place was screened in Tokyo. The film was produced by a Japanese film director Sato Makoto who visited places and people in the Middle East with the guide of Said’s well known autobiography Out of Place: A Memoir (Siglo 2006). Sato starts his journey from Lebanon, where Said is now resting. His camera catches scenery …


Law, Norms, And Legal Change: Global And Local In China And Japan, Nicholas C. Howson, Mark D. West Jan 2006

Law, Norms, And Legal Change: Global And Local In China And Japan, Nicholas C. Howson, Mark D. West

Articles

The editors of the Michigan Journal of International Law have boldly brought together four articles and commentary that focus on different aspects of the same problem in China and Japan: the relationship between domestic legal change and foreign and/or "international" law and regulation, "soft" agreements, norms, or even cultural practices. The compilation is bold in part because scholarship on change in East Asian law and legal systems often suffers from one of two defects. First, it often focuses on purely domestic phenomena in only one system, ignoring the comparative connections. Second, scholars often attack the problem from an exclusively comparative …


Power Play: The Japanese Situation, Sharon Beder Jan 2006

Power Play: The Japanese Situation, Sharon Beder

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The Japanese electricity industry is currently being gradually deregulated in the hopes that high electricity prices can be reduced. At the same time the government is keen to encourage more use of nuclear power. It is aiming to reuse nuclear fuel in order to close the nuclear fuel cycle and thereby reduce Japan’s reliance on imports to fuel electricity generation.1 However deregulation in other parts of the world has not brought prices down, nor has it been conducive to investment in nuclear power. More importantly, the competitive pressures encouraged by deregulation do not encourage reliability and safety, issues which are …


Japanese Growth And Stagnation: A Keynesian Perspective, Takeshi Nakatani, Peter Skott Jan 2006

Japanese Growth And Stagnation: A Keynesian Perspective, Takeshi Nakatani, Peter Skott

Economics Department Working Paper Series

This paper uses a modified Harrodian model to understand both the long period of rapid Japanese growth and the recent period of stagnation. The model has multiple steady-growth solutions when the labour supply is highly elastic, and government intervention, we argue, took the Japanese economy onto a high-growth trajectory. Labour constraints began to appear around 1970, and a combination of high saving rates and slow population growth account for the stagnation of the 1990s. This combination produces a structural liquidity trap and threatens the sustainability of attempts to ensure near full employment through …fiscal policy or by running a persistent …


Note, Sisyphus In A Coal Mine: Responses To Slave Labor In Japan And The United States, Timothy Webster Jan 2006

Note, Sisyphus In A Coal Mine: Responses To Slave Labor In Japan And The United States, Timothy Webster

Faculty Publications

This Note argues that the recent wave of litigation brought by former Chinese slave laborers, while important in its own right, highlights the need for a more comprehensive solution. Although ideally the Japanese Diet will devise its own response to the problem of compensation, the experiences arising from the Holocaust litigation in the United States provide a meaningful yardstick for comparison. In the United States, a large-scale settlement scheme followed, and finalized, numerous lawsuits brought by former forced and slave laborers from World War II Europe. The American response, though based on different circumstances, led to a multibillion-dollar fund that …


Westernization Of Business Organizations In Japan And China. Continuity And Change, Wai Keung Chung Jan 2006

Westernization Of Business Organizations In Japan And China. Continuity And Change, Wai Keung Chung

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

No abstract provided.


Japan's Financial Crisis: Institutional Rigidity And Reluctant Change, Jennifer Amyx Jan 2006

Japan's Financial Crisis: Institutional Rigidity And Reluctant Change, Jennifer Amyx

Documents

No abstract provided.


Zombie Lending And Depressed Restructuring In Japan, Ricardo J. Caballero, Takeo Hoshi, Anil K. Kashyap Jan 2006

Zombie Lending And Depressed Restructuring In Japan, Ricardo J. Caballero, Takeo Hoshi, Anil K. Kashyap

Documents

No abstract provided.


The Tuna Court: Law And Norms In The World's Premier Fish Market, Eric Feldman Jan 2006

The Tuna Court: Law And Norms In The World's Premier Fish Market, Eric Feldman

All Faculty Scholarship

Legal scholars have long emphasized the corrosive impact of conflict on long-term commercial and interpersonal relationships. To minimize the negative consequences of such conflict, members of close-knit groups who anticipate future interactions create ways of resolving their disputes with reference to internal group norms rather than relying on state-mandated legal rules. From farmers in California’s Shasta County to jewelers in midtown Manhattan and neighbors in Sanders County, the literature describes people who create norms of conflict management that are faster and less expensive than relying on formal law, and lessen the harm that conflict causes to their relationships. This article …