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Articles 31 - 60 of 160
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
How Strongly Should We Protect And Enforce International Law?, University Of Chicago Law School Workshop, March 2006, Joost H. B. Pauwelyn
How Strongly Should We Protect And Enforce International Law?, University Of Chicago Law School Workshop, March 2006, Joost H. B. Pauwelyn
Faculty Scholarship
Observers of international law are obsessed with trying to explain and predict why and when states comply with international law. Doing so, they have consistently overlooked a logically preceding, but no less important, question: To what extent should states perform their international commitments? Put differently, how strongly should we protect and enforce international law? Worrying as much about over-enforcement of international law as under-enforcement of international law, this article offers a theory of relative normativity. This theory is driven by efficiency, effectiveness and legitimacy concerns rather than a hierarchy of values. It makes distinctions between how international law allocates entitlements, …
Federalism Cases In The October 2004 Term, Erwin Chemerinsky
Federalism Cases In The October 2004 Term, Erwin Chemerinsky
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
A Proposed Settlement Rule For Mass Torts, Francis Mcgovern
A Proposed Settlement Rule For Mass Torts, Francis Mcgovern
Faculty Scholarship
Abstract not available
The Players Have Lost That Argument: Doping, Drug Testing, And Collective Bargaining, Paul H. Haagen
The Players Have Lost That Argument: Doping, Drug Testing, And Collective Bargaining, Paul H. Haagen
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Evolution Of Asbestos Bankruptcy Trust Distribution Plans, Francis Mcgovern
The Evolution Of Asbestos Bankruptcy Trust Distribution Plans, Francis Mcgovern
Faculty Scholarship
The evolution of asbestos litigation from the early 1970s to the present has become the source of much analysis. One commentator divides this history into several phases: the heroic phase, bureaucratic floundering, adaptation and maturity, search for global settlement, expansion of the number of cases, and legislative reform in a new era. A neglected aspect of the history of asbestos litigation has been the evolution of asbestos bankruptcy trust distribution plans. Since 1982 there have been more than 70 corporations which have filed bankruptcy proceedings because of their exposure to asbestos liability. As these corporations emerge from bankruptcy, their plans …
Reining In The Data Traders: A Tort For The Misuse Of Personal Information, Sarah Ludington
Reining In The Data Traders: A Tort For The Misuse Of Personal Information, Sarah Ludington
Faculty Scholarship
In 2005, three spectacular data security breaches focused public attention on the vast databases of personal information held by data traders such as ChoicePoint and LexisNexis, and the vulnerability of that data. The personal information of hundreds of thousands of people had either been hacked or sold to identity thieves, yet the data traders refused to reveal to those people the specifics of the information sold or stolen. While Congress and many state legislatures swiftly introduced bills to force data traders to be more accountable to their data subjects, fewer states actually enacted laws, and none of the federal bills …
The Commerce Power And Criminal Punishment: Presumption Of Constitutionality Or Presumption Of Innocence?, Margaret H. Lemos
The Commerce Power And Criminal Punishment: Presumption Of Constitutionality Or Presumption Of Innocence?, Margaret H. Lemos
Faculty Scholarship
The Constitution requires that the facts that expose an individual to criminal punishment be proved to a jury beyond a reasonable doubt. In recent years, the Supreme Court has taken pains to ensure that legislatures cannot evade the requirements of proof beyond a reasonable doubt and jury presentation through artful statutory drafting. Yet current Commerce Clause jurisprudence permits Congress to do just that. Congress can avoid application of the reasonable-doubt and jury-trial rules with respect to certain critical facts-the facts that establish the basis for federal action by linking the prohibited conduct to interstate commerce-by finding those facts itself rather …
Qalys And Policy Evaluation: A New Perspective, Matthew D. Adler
Qalys And Policy Evaluation: A New Perspective, Matthew D. Adler
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Popular Constitutionalism And The Rule Of Recognition: Whose Practices Ground U.S. Law?, Matthew D. Adler
Popular Constitutionalism And The Rule Of Recognition: Whose Practices Ground U.S. Law?, Matthew D. Adler
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
In Defense Of Regulatory Peer Review, James Salzman, J.B. Ruhl
In Defense Of Regulatory Peer Review, James Salzman, J.B. Ruhl
Faculty Scholarship
The debate over application of peer review to the regulatory decisions of administrative agencies has heated up in the last year. Part of the larger and controversial sound science movement, mandating peer review for certain types of agency decisions has recently been championed by the White House and proponents in Congress. Indeed, this past January the Office of Management and Budget finalized guidelines requiring peer review for large classes of agency activities. These initiatives have not gone unchallenged, and a fierce debate has resulted between those who claim peer review will strengthen the scientific basis of agency decisions and those …
The Rehnquist Court And The Death Penalty, Erwin Chemerinsky
The Rehnquist Court And The Death Penalty, Erwin Chemerinsky
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Role Of Empirical Evidence In Evaluating The Wisdom Of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, James D. Cox
The Role Of Empirical Evidence In Evaluating The Wisdom Of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, James D. Cox
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Limits Of Courage And Principle, Jedediah Purdy
The Limits Of Courage And Principle, Jedediah Purdy
Faculty Scholarship
Reviewing Michael Ignatieff, The Lesser Evil: Political Ethics in an Age of Terror (2004)
Voices From The Stars? America's Generals And Public Debates, Charles J. Dunlap Jr.
Voices From The Stars? America's Generals And Public Debates, Charles J. Dunlap Jr.
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
‘No Net Loss’ - Instrument Choice In Wetlands Protection, James Salzman, J.B. Ruhl
‘No Net Loss’ - Instrument Choice In Wetlands Protection, James Salzman, J.B. Ruhl
Faculty Scholarship
While not a high priority issue for most people, the public has long recognized the general importance of wetlands. Since President George H.W. Bush's campaign in 1988, successive administration have pledged to ensure there would be "no net loss" of wetlands. Despite these continuous presidential pledges to protect wetlands, in recent decades, as more and more people have moved to coastal and waterside properties, the economic benefits from developing wetlands (and political pressures on obstacles to development) have significantly increased. Seeking to mediate the conflict between no net loss of wetlands and development pressures, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) …
When Does Deliberating Improve Decisionmaking?, Mathew D. Mccubbins, Daniel B. Rodriguez
When Does Deliberating Improve Decisionmaking?, Mathew D. Mccubbins, Daniel B. Rodriguez
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Evidence History, The New Trace Evidence And Rumblings In The Future Of Proof, Robert P. Mosteller
Evidence History, The New Trace Evidence And Rumblings In The Future Of Proof, Robert P. Mosteller
Faculty Scholarship
This paper is in two parts. The first part is about developments in the rules of evidence and particularly about developments in the federal rules of evidence, which has had a major impact on evidence rules in many states. This part turns out to be largely about the past because my sense is that the impact of changes in the formal rules of evidence, which were substantial, are largely historic. To be sure future changes in the formal rules, particularly those that may be made as a result of the Supreme Court’s decision in Crawford v. Washington (2004) that dramatically …
Loaded Dice And Other Problems: A Further Reflection On The Statutory Commander In Chief, Christopher H. Schroeder
Loaded Dice And Other Problems: A Further Reflection On The Statutory Commander In Chief, Christopher H. Schroeder
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Trial By Jury Involving Persons Accused Of Terrorism Or Supporting Terrorism, Neil Vidmar
Trial By Jury Involving Persons Accused Of Terrorism Or Supporting Terrorism, Neil Vidmar
Faculty Scholarship
This chapter explores issues in jury trials involving persons accused of committing acts of international terrorism or financially or otherwise supporting those who do or may commit such acts. The jury is a unique institution that draws upon laypersons to decide whether a person charged with a crime is guilty or innocent. Although the jury is instructed and guided by a trial judge and procedural rules shape what the jury is allowed to hear, ultimately the laypersons deliberate alone and render their verdict. A basic principle of the jury system is that at the start of trial the jurors should …
Preclearance, Discrimination, And The Department Of Justice: The Case Of South Carolina, Guy-Uriel Charles, Luis Fuentes-Rohwer
Preclearance, Discrimination, And The Department Of Justice: The Case Of South Carolina, Guy-Uriel Charles, Luis Fuentes-Rohwer
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Constitutional Fidelity, The Rule Of Recognition, And The Communitarian Turn In Contemporary Positivism, Matthew D. Adler
Constitutional Fidelity, The Rule Of Recognition, And The Communitarian Turn In Contemporary Positivism, Matthew D. Adler
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Inequality And Uncertainty: Theory And Legal Applications, Matthew D. Adler, Chris William Sanchirico
Inequality And Uncertainty: Theory And Legal Applications, Matthew D. Adler, Chris William Sanchirico
Faculty Scholarship
"Welfarism" is the principle that social policy should be based solely on individual well-being, with no reference to 'fairness" or "rights." The propriety of this approach has recently been the subject of extensive debate within legal scholarship. Rather than contributing (directly) to this debate, we identify and analyze a problem within welfarism that has received far too little attentioncall this the "ex ante/ex post" problem. The problem arises from the combination of uncertainty-an inevitable feature of real policy choice-and a social preference for equality. If the policymaker is not a utilitarian, but rather has a "social welfare function" that is …
Rule-Based Dispute Resolution In International Trade Law, Rachel Brewster
Rule-Based Dispute Resolution In International Trade Law, Rachel Brewster
Faculty Scholarship
Why does the United States ever prefer to settle disputes under a system of rules rather than a system of negotiations? Powerful states are advantaged by negotiation-based approaches to settling disagreements because they have the resources to resolve individual disputes on favorable terms. By contrast, rule-based dispute resolution advantages weak states as a means to hold powerful states to the terms of their agreements. Then why did the United States want a rule-based system to settle international disputes in the WTO? To answer this question, we have to understand domestic politics as well as international politics. International constraints, particularly international …
Behavioural Genetics In Criminal Cases: Past, Present And Future, Nita A. Farahany, William Bernet
Behavioural Genetics In Criminal Cases: Past, Present And Future, Nita A. Farahany, William Bernet
Faculty Scholarship
Researchers studying human behavioral genetics have made significant scientific progress in enhancing our understanding of the relative contributions of genetics and the environment in observed variations in human behavior. Quickly outpacing the advances in the science are its applications in the criminal justice system. Already, human behavioral genetics research has been introduced in the U.S. criminal justice system, and its use will only become more prevalent. This essay discusses the recent historical use of behavioral genetics in criminal cases, recent advances in two gene variants of particular interest in the criminal law, MAOA and SLC6A4, the recent expert testimony on …
When Do Interest Groups Use Electronic Rulemaking?, John M. De Figueiredo
When Do Interest Groups Use Electronic Rulemaking?, John M. De Figueiredo
Faculty Scholarship
This paper analyzes how electronic rulemaking is affecting the propensity of interest groups to file comments and replies at the Federal Communications Commission. The paper shows that exogenous events and a handful of issues drive filing behavior. Implications of the analysis are discussed.
Does Falling Smoking Lead To Rising Obesity?, Jonathan Gruber, Michael D. Frakes
Does Falling Smoking Lead To Rising Obesity?, Jonathan Gruber, Michael D. Frakes
Faculty Scholarship
The strong negative correlation over time between smoking rates and obesity have led some to suggest that reduced smoking is increasing weight gain in the U.S.. This conclusion is supported by the findings of Chou et al. (2004), who conclude that higher cigarette prices lead to increased body weight. We investigate this issue and find no evidence that reduced smoking leads to weight gain. Using the cigarette tax rather than the cigarette price and controlling for non-linear time effects, we find a negative effect of cigarette taxes on body weight, implying that reduced smoking leads to lower body weights. Yet …
Two Economists, Three Opinions? Economic Models For Private International Law - Cross Border Torts As Example, Ralf Michaels
Two Economists, Three Opinions? Economic Models For Private International Law - Cross Border Torts As Example, Ralf Michaels
Faculty Scholarship
Many agree that private international law does a poor job of leading to good and predictable results. Can law and economics bring more scientific, objective foundations to the discipline? Economics, one may hope, can bring the conclusiveness to the field that doctrine could not. But even a fleeting review of existing studies reveals a discrepancy of views or economic approaches that mirrors the discrepancy in the traditional private international law doctrine. This article sets out to test whether different models lead to different outcomes. It makes arguments in three economic models - a private law model, an international law model, …
An Excuse-Centered Approach To Transitional Justice, David Gray
An Excuse-Centered Approach To Transitional Justice, David Gray
Faculty Scholarship
"Transitional justice" asks what successor regimes, committed to human rights and the rule of law, can and should do to seek justice for atrocities perpetrated by and under their predecessors. The normal instinct is to prosecute criminally everyone implicated in past wrongs; but practical conditions in transitions make this impossible. As a result, most transitions pursue hybrid approaches, featuring prosecutions of those "most responsible," amnesties, truth commissions, and reparations. This approach is often condemned as a compromise against justice. This article advances a transitional jurisprudence that justifies the hybrid approach by taking normative account of the unique conditions that define …
“Inextricably Intertwined” Explicable At Last?: Rooker-Feldman Analysis After The Supreme Court’S Exxon Mobil Decision, Thomas D. Rowe Jr., Edward L. Baskauskas
“Inextricably Intertwined” Explicable At Last?: Rooker-Feldman Analysis After The Supreme Court’S Exxon Mobil Decision, Thomas D. Rowe Jr., Edward L. Baskauskas
Faculty Scholarship
The Supreme Court's March 2005 decision in 'Exxon Mobil Corp. v. Saudi Basic Industries Corp.' substantially limited the "Rooker-Feldman" doctrine, under which lower federal courts largely lack jurisdiction to engage in what amounts to de facto review of state-court decisions. Exxon Mobil's holding is quite narrow--entry of a final state-court judgment does not destroy federal-court jurisdiction already acquired over parallel litigation. But the Court's articulation of when Rooker-Feldman applies, and its approach in deciding the case, have significant implications for several aspects of Rooker-Feldman jurisprudence. Chief among our claims is that although the Court did not expressly repudiate or limit …
Thirst: A Short History Of Drinking Water, James Salzman
Thirst: A Short History Of Drinking Water, James Salzman
Faculty Scholarship
From earliest times, human societies have faced the challenge of supplying adequate quality and quantities of drinking water. Whether limited by arid environments or urbanization, provision of clean drinking water is a prerequisite of any enduring society, but it is a daunting task for drinking water is a multi-faceted resource. Drinking water is most obviously a physical resource, one of the few truly essential requirements for life. Drinking water is also a cultural resource, of religious significance in many societies. A social resource, access to water reveals much about membership in society. A political resource, the provision of water to …