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Identification Of Alternatives Strengths And Weaknesses During The Conceptual Design Of Environmental Systems, Xavier Flores Alsina, Manel Poch, Laureano Jiménez, Rene Bañares-Alcántara, Ignasi Rodríguez Roda
Identification Of Alternatives Strengths And Weaknesses During The Conceptual Design Of Environmental Systems, Xavier Flores Alsina, Manel Poch, Laureano Jiménez, Rene Bañares-Alcántara, Ignasi Rodríguez Roda
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The objective of this paper is to present a systematic procedure to support environmental engineers during the evaluation of alternative options, identifying both, the strong and weak points of their decisions. The evaluation of alternative options in the design of environmental systems is complex because several objectives must be considered simultaneously (e.g. environmental, technical, economical, legal), i.e. the problem is multicriteria. The systematic procedure presented consists of three steps: 1) multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA), where the best alternative is selected among the most promising options by evaluating the degree of accomplishment of several design objectives; 2) sensitivity analysis, where multidimensional …
A Web-Based Tool For Economic Analysis Of Sediment Control On Rangeland Watersheds, Y. Duan, P. Heilman, D. Phillip Guertin
A Web-Based Tool For Economic Analysis Of Sediment Control On Rangeland Watersheds, Y. Duan, P. Heilman, D. Phillip Guertin
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
This study presents a web-based spatial decision support system (SDSS) that supports watershed analysis from an economic perspective. The SDSS is intended to aid the development of sediment TMDLs sediment on rangeland watersheds. The SDSS architecture consists of three parts: the interface tier, the application tier, and the data tier. Middleware is used to integrate these three parts into one system. Dynamic web pages are used to support customized access to the system, including defining inputs, running analysis and viewing results. The middleware is used to glue the interface, model, and database together seamlessly. The embedded models include geospatial models …
Microeconomic Motives Of Land Use Change In Coastal Zone Area: Agent Based Modelling Approach, Tatiana Filatova, Anne Van Der Veen
Microeconomic Motives Of Land Use Change In Coastal Zone Area: Agent Based Modelling Approach, Tatiana Filatova, Anne Van Der Veen
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Economic growth causes growing urbanization, extension of tourist sector, infrastructure and change of natural landscape. These processes of land use change attract even more attention if they take place in coastal zone area. In that case not only the efficient allocation and preservation of natural area, but also reduction of potential damage from flooding is important. Driven forces of land use at macro and micro levels should be taken into account. This paper presents an agent based model (ABM), which is designed to simulate land use change in coastal zone area based of human behaviour. The aim is to understand …
Experience With A System Dynamics Model In A Prospective Study On The Future Impact Of Ict On Environmental Sustainability, Patrick A. Wäger, Lorenz M. Hilty, Peter Arnfalk, Lorenz Erdmann, James Goodman
Experience With A System Dynamics Model In A Prospective Study On The Future Impact Of Ict On Environmental Sustainability, Patrick A. Wäger, Lorenz M. Hilty, Peter Arnfalk, Lorenz Erdmann, James Goodman
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
To assess the potential impact of ICT on environmental sustainability in the European Union within a time horizon until 2020, we developed a System Dynamics model. In our contribution we make a critical, retrospective evaluation of the model with regard to the requirements and expectations of the project commissioners and of experts involved in the modeling and simulation process. The issues addressed are problem adequacy, validity, transparency, communicability and receptivity of the model. We conclude that modeling approaches that better support a modular model design than System Dynamics does would lead to better results regarding these requirements, and that a …
Scenario Analysis In Water Resources Management Under Data Uncertainty, Antonio Manca, Giovanni M. Sechi, Andrea Sulis, Paola Zuddas
Scenario Analysis In Water Resources Management Under Data Uncertainty, Antonio Manca, Giovanni M. Sechi, Andrea Sulis, Paola Zuddas
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
In water resources management problems, uncertainty is mainly associated with the value of hydrological exogenous inflows and demand patterns. Deterministic models are inadequate to represent these problems and traditional stochastic optimization models cannot be used if there is insufficient statistical information to support the model. In this paper the uncertainty is modelled by a scenario approach in a multistage environment which includes different possible system configurations in a wide time horizon. A robust chance optimization model is used in order to obtain a so-called barycentric value with respect to decision variables. The successive reoptimization step, based on this barycentric solution, …
Integrated Assessment Of Agricultural And Environmental Policies – Towards A Computerized Framework For The Eu (Seamless-If), Martin Van Ittersum, Frank Ewert, Johanna Alkan Olsson, Erling Andersen, Irina Bezlepkina, Floor Brouwer, Marcello Donatelli, Guillermo Flichman, Thomas Heckelei, Lennart Olsson, Alfons Oude Lansink, Andrea-Emilio Rizzoli, Tamme Van Der Wal, Jacques Wery
Integrated Assessment Of Agricultural And Environmental Policies – Towards A Computerized Framework For The Eu (Seamless-If), Martin Van Ittersum, Frank Ewert, Johanna Alkan Olsson, Erling Andersen, Irina Bezlepkina, Floor Brouwer, Marcello Donatelli, Guillermo Flichman, Thomas Heckelei, Lennart Olsson, Alfons Oude Lansink, Andrea-Emilio Rizzoli, Tamme Van Der Wal, Jacques Wery
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Agricultural systems continuously evolve and are forced to change as a result of a range of global and local driving forces. Agricultural and environmental policies are increasingly designed to contribute to the sustainability of agricultural systems and to enhance contributions of agricultural systems to sustainable development at large. The effectiveness and efficiency of such polices in realizing desired contributions could be greatly enhanced if it were possible to perform ex-ante assessments. The European Commission has recently introduced impact assessment of its policies as an essential step in policy development. This paper presents the design and first prototype of a computerized …
Application Of Test-Driven Development Framework For Environmental Software: A Case Study In Long-Term Photosynthetic Process Simulation, Yasuyuki Egashira, Miyuki Shibata, Korekazu Ueyama, Koich Yamada
Application Of Test-Driven Development Framework For Environmental Software: A Case Study In Long-Term Photosynthetic Process Simulation, Yasuyuki Egashira, Miyuki Shibata, Korekazu Ueyama, Koich Yamada
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
In test-driven development, programs for tests are written before coding the main program, andusing software frameworks for support testing, implementation of the program becomes easy by the frequentand low cost feedback of these tests. In this work, application of test-drive development framework forenvironmental software was attempted. As a case study, a simulator for photosynthesis and plant growth wasdeveloped using JUnit framework as a base of testing tool for test-driven development. In developmentphase, test case class which checking all equations in the model is constructed first, using JUnit with someextensions. And afterward, simulator for the model is developed, with the aid …
Preliminary Indications Of The Transferability Of Ihacres Model Parameters In Mountainous Rainfall Driven Rivers, Paola Allamano, David Hutchinson, Paul H. Whitfield
Preliminary Indications Of The Transferability Of Ihacres Model Parameters In Mountainous Rainfall Driven Rivers, Paola Allamano, David Hutchinson, Paul H. Whitfield
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The IHACRES model has been widely shown to be successful in modelling rainfall-runoff processes in a variety of environments including mountainous regions. Our objective was to determine if landscape features could be used to determine model parameters that could successfully be transferred to ungauged basins and the uncertainty of such estimates be simultaneously assessed. Here we report preliminary results where calibrated model parameters from a variety of mountain watersheds are compared to basin area, drainage density and other attributes derived from digital elevations models. These results indicate that some model parameters exhibit a relation to basin characteristics. However, noise in …
The Use Of Inductive And Deductive Reasoning To Model Snowmelt Runoff From Northern Mountain Catchments, P. F. Dornes, J. W. Pomeroy, A. Pietroniro, S. K. Careyc, W. L. Quinton
The Use Of Inductive And Deductive Reasoning To Model Snowmelt Runoff From Northern Mountain Catchments, P. F. Dornes, J. W. Pomeroy, A. Pietroniro, S. K. Careyc, W. L. Quinton
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Reliable hydrological modeling at small to medium scales is very difficult. At these scale, models require incorporation of both detailed process understanding and inputs along with information gained from observations of basin-wide streamflow phenomenon; essentially a combination of deductive and inductive approaches. At Granger Creek, part of the Wolf Creek Research Basin in the mountains of the Yukon Territory, Canada, sparse and shrub tundra cover the basin and soils are frozen at the time of snowmelt. Wind redistributes snow to north facing slopes and shrub tundra areas, while spring melt rates are much higher on south facing slopes due to …
Application Of An Artificial Neural Network And Stochastic Simulation At The Schuyler Falls Landfill, Ny, Lance E. Besaw, Donna M. Rizzo
Application Of An Artificial Neural Network And Stochastic Simulation At The Schuyler Falls Landfill, Ny, Lance E. Besaw, Donna M. Rizzo
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Stochastic conditional simulation techniques have been developed to address issues of risk and uncertainty associated with spatially distributed phenomena in earth sciences (e.g. hydraulic conductivity, contaminant concentration, etc.). These techniques (e.g. Gaussian simulation, p-field simulation, turning bands algorithm, etc) are used to assess risk and uncertainty resulting from sparsely sampled field measurements, high measurement variability and incomplete site knowledge. Scientists and engineers are able to model the spatial continuity and quantify uncertainty associated with spatially distributed phenomena through the generation and analysis of many equiprobable stochastic simulations. Uncertainty in contaminated site characterization is of serious concern in environmental engineering. Stochastic …
Stochastic Generation Of Daily Spatial Rainfall For Regional Flood Risk Assessment, K. S. Tan, F. H. S. Chiew, R. B. Grayson
Stochastic Generation Of Daily Spatial Rainfall For Regional Flood Risk Assessment, K. S. Tan, F. H. S. Chiew, R. B. Grayson
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Spatial rainfall is a key input into models that simulate flood behaviour at regional scale. Stochastic rainfall data provide alternative realisations that are equally likely to have occurred, and are often used to drive hydrologic models to quantify uncertainty in environmental systems associated with climatic variability. This paper describes the development and testing of a stochastic daily spatial rainfall generation approach which comprises two components. Daily temporal rainfalls in two meso-scale square regions are first generated using a bi-variate first-order transition probability matrix model. The spatial rainfall in each region is then disaggregated using a modified non-homogeneous random cascade model …
Modelling Lava Flow To Assess Hazard On Mount Etna (Italy). From Geological Data To A Preliminary Hazard Map, E. Bertino, M. L. Damiani, G. Groppelli, G. Norini, B. Aldighieri, S. Borgonovo, F. Comoglio, G. Pasquaré
Modelling Lava Flow To Assess Hazard On Mount Etna (Italy). From Geological Data To A Preliminary Hazard Map, E. Bertino, M. L. Damiani, G. Groppelli, G. Norini, B. Aldighieri, S. Borgonovo, F. Comoglio, G. Pasquaré
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
In this paper we present a systematic approach to the development of the lava flow hazard map forthe Mount Etna, the most important active volcano in Europe. The basic idea is to determine the hazard zonesby simulating the lava flows originated from a number of sample points localized in regions at high densityof vents, called eruption zones. The key choice is the adoption of a probabilistic model for the simulation ofthe lava flow. In the paper we outline the characteristics of the model, called ELFM, and how it has beenvalidated. On the other side, for the determination of the eruption …
Uncertainty Analysis Of Wetland-Dndc: Errors And Critical Parameters For Predicting Carbon Dynamics In Wetland Ecosystems, Harbin Li, Changsheng Li, Carl Trettin
Uncertainty Analysis Of Wetland-Dndc: Errors And Critical Parameters For Predicting Carbon Dynamics In Wetland Ecosystems, Harbin Li, Changsheng Li, Carl Trettin
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
WETLAND-DNDC, a process-based model that integrates soil, vegetation andhydrology, was developed to represent unique biogeochemical properties and processesof wetland ecosystems. Recent studies have demonstrated great potential of the model byapplying it to different wetland sites, from Minnesota to Florida. However, to have abroad application of the model to more systems and at larger scales, a full uncertaintyanalysis is needed to understand its behaviors and determine its critical variables andparameters. With a wetland in Florida as the test site, we used the Monte Carlo method torun WETLAND-DNDC, simulating carbon (C) and nitrogen pools/fluxes driven by acombination of various input parameters (e.g., …
Applying A Multi-Agent Model To Evaluate Effects Of Development Proposals And Growth Management Policies On Suburban Sprawl, M. G. Monticino, E. Brooks, T. Cogdill, M. F. Acevedo, B. Callicott
Applying A Multi-Agent Model To Evaluate Effects Of Development Proposals And Growth Management Policies On Suburban Sprawl, M. G. Monticino, E. Brooks, T. Cogdill, M. F. Acevedo, B. Callicott
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Suburban and exurban sprawl is a major challenge facing regions worldwide. Residential sprawl and the accompanying commercial development stress municipalities providing services such as clean water, waste management, and fire and police protection. The dynamics of expanding development is influenced by complex interactions among human stakeholders and how stakeholders respond to feedback from the consequences of development decisions. This paper presents a multi-agent model coupled with a GIS-based land-use potential model that can be used by municipal policy makers to examine development scenarios. The model represents a region within the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex (Texas, U.S.A.) facing intense residential development. Development …
Validation Of Multiple Stable States And Thresholds Within A Saline Catchment, T. J. Peterson, R. M. Argent, F. H. S. Chiew
Validation Of Multiple Stable States And Thresholds Within A Saline Catchment, T. J. Peterson, R. M. Argent, F. H. S. Chiew
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Over the last decade, many ecosystems have begun to be understood as having multiple coexistent stable states. Often such states are characterized as socially desirable and undesirable, with for instance high/low fish stocks or oligotrophic / eutrophic lake states. Within catchment planning modeling, a frequent assumption is that the equilibrium state would not change with state variable initial conditions. That is, different initial conditions will not cause a shift to a different equilibrium point, thus implicitly assuming only one stable state. Until recently no investigation of regional agricultural catchments as having multiple stable states has been published.Simple analytical models have …
Towards Better Water Governance: Putting Integrated Water Resource Management In Place, J. Myšiak, Carlo Giupponi
Towards Better Water Governance: Putting Integrated Water Resource Management In Place, J. Myšiak, Carlo Giupponi
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Water is a finite, renewable, yet in certain circumstances depletable, natural resource with essential value for life. The uneven distribution of water resources, amplified by numerous conflicting water uses, constrains economic development and the wellbeing of humans. The excessive quantity of water as a result of land use and/or climate change (and thus at least partly accountable to human activities) poses additional threats. To ensure an efficient allocation and protection of water, a holistic (integrated/comprehensive) management based on the principles of the ecosystem approach was endorsed by a broad scientific and policy community. Such management was aimed at promoting pro-active, …
Paradigm Shift In Computer-Aided Policy Support, J. Myšiak
Paradigm Shift In Computer-Aided Policy Support, J. Myšiak
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Scientific policy aid, especially in environmental management facing complex choices involvingdivergent beliefs and interests/ values, has evolved into a number of distinct fields such as Decision SupportSystems (DSS), Expert Systems (ES), Integrated Modelling and Assessment, Risk Analysis. While theapproaches pursued by these systems are different, they are all focused on sustainable development andimprovement of decision making involving intractable, elusive and ill-structured problems.Computer-aided policy support is expected to explore multiple perspectives of the problem at hand; enhancedecision makers’ insight into the problems drivers and policy outcomes; and facilitate communication andknowledge transfer between the actors involved in or affected by the decision. …
Features Of Advanced Decision Support Systems For Environmental Studies, Management, And Regulation, Edwin Roehl, Ruby Daamen, Paul A. Conrads
Features Of Advanced Decision Support Systems For Environmental Studies, Management, And Regulation, Edwin Roehl, Ruby Daamen, Paul A. Conrads
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Natural resource managers and users face difficult challenges when managing the interactions between natural and man-made systems. Even though the collective interests and computer skills of the community of managers, scientists, and other stakeholders are quite varied, there is an overarching need for equal access by all to the scientific knowledge needed to make the best possible decisions. A decision support system (DSS) can meet this need. DSS have been described as, “computer-based systems (for) helping decision-makers to solve various semi structured and unstructured problems involving multiple attributes, objectives, and goals… Historically, the majority of DSSs have been either computer …
Parameter, Data Input And Structural Uncertainty Propagating Through Coupled Models In A River Water Quality Modelling System, K. -E Lindenschmidt
Parameter, Data Input And Structural Uncertainty Propagating Through Coupled Models In A River Water Quality Modelling System, K. -E Lindenschmidt
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
This paper investigates three sources of uncertainty in a river water quality modelling system: parameters, input data and model structure. Emphasis is placed on structural uncertainty since this aspect has received less attention in the literature compared to parameter and input data uncertainty. Model structure is understood to be the equations and algorithms used to describe processes of substance transport and transformation in a model. Focus is given to two processes: i) sorption of heavy metals to suspended solids as a function of the fraction of organic carbon constituting the solids and ii) phytoplankton growth limitation by light extinction through …
Challenges Encountered During Integrated Modelling Across Multiple Catchments, Neville D. Crossman, Brett A. Bryan
Challenges Encountered During Integrated Modelling Across Multiple Catchments, Neville D. Crossman, Brett A. Bryan
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
There has been a recent trend in natural resource management decision making toward target setting and the use of models to identify geographic priorities to meet those targets. However, measurable and quantitative targets for assessing progress toward achieving management and policy goals tend not to be established. This may be due in large part to a lack of clarity in data and model availability, and geographic prioritisation processes. The long history of extensive human activity and modification of natural resources in the Murray Darling Basin of southern Australia has led to a myriad of natural resource management problems, particularly dryland …
A Protocol For The Development, Evaluation And Application Of Environmental Models In Decision Making, Noha Gaber, Pasky Pascual, Gary Foley, Neil Stiber, Elsie Sunderland
A Protocol For The Development, Evaluation And Application Of Environmental Models In Decision Making, Noha Gaber, Pasky Pascual, Gary Foley, Neil Stiber, Elsie Sunderland
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Models have emerged as essential tools in environmental management, whether used to further the understanding of complex environmental processes or to inform decisions for environmental planning, remediation, protection or regulation. However, their utility aside, there is also an acknowledgment of their limitations. The question is not whether or not to use models, but rather how best to develop and use models to arrive at credible, defensible and robust decisions and what attributes make a model useful for a given situation. To understand the role of models and decision support tools in environmental management, we must first consider the different types …
A Knowledge Base System For Multidisciplinary Model-Based Water Management, Ayalew Kassahun, Huub Scholten
A Knowledge Base System For Multidisciplinary Model-Based Water Management, Ayalew Kassahun, Huub Scholten
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
To improve the quality of multidisciplinary model-based water management studies and provideguidance on best practices, a user-friendly guidance and quality assurance knowledge-based system hasbeen built within the EU funded HarmoniQuA project. The knowledge base system provides experts andexperienced persons in model-based water management studies a web-based software tool for developingknowledge base for processes related to managing model-based water management studies. The knowledgebase is used in the Modelling Support Tool, a tool developed within the HarmoniQuA project, to providemultidisciplinary team members targeted and actionable information. MoST also uses the knowledge base as aprocess specification in managing model-based study projects. In the …
Bridging The Design-Use Gap For Dss In Environmental Policy And Practice., K. B. Matthews, M. G. Hutchins, G. Hill
Bridging The Design-Use Gap For Dss In Environmental Policy And Practice., K. B. Matthews, M. G. Hutchins, G. Hill
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Drawing on the literature of agricultural decision support systems (DSS) and experience in developing tools for policy support and evaluation, this paper argues that while in the main such tools have failed to live up to expectations it may be that the expectations were unrealistic. The design-use gap of DSS for environmental management is partially the inevitable cycle of expectations (unbelief-euphoria-disappointment and maturity or abandonment) experienced by any innovation. The environmental problems facing land managers and society are dauntingly complex. Yet more or better quality information does not inevitably lead to better management. Many of the issues that face land-use …
Integrated Assessments Of Climate Variability And Change For Australian Agriculture – Connecting The Islands Of Knowledge, Holger Meinke, Mark Howden, Rohan Nelson
Integrated Assessments Of Climate Variability And Change For Australian Agriculture – Connecting The Islands Of Knowledge, Holger Meinke, Mark Howden, Rohan Nelson
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Key clients for regional or national assessment capabilities are government and industry policymakers, who must deal with constantly changing policy questions. For instance, adaptation to climate change has relatively recently come onto the policy agenda, as has the interaction between adaptation and greenhouse gas mitigation. ’Integrated assessment’ has therefore become a common approach that attempts to demonstrate the policy relevance of science. It is intended to inform policies that ultimately lead to better risk management of agro-ecosystems (amongst other objectives). Increasingly policy stakeholders also demand realistic assessments of uncertainties that are associated with the scenarios underpinning such integrated assessments. This …
Air Quality Modelling: State-Of-The-Art, R. San José, A. Baklanov, R. S. Sokhi, Kostas Karatzas, J. L. Pérez
Air Quality Modelling: State-Of-The-Art, R. San José, A. Baklanov, R. S. Sokhi, Kostas Karatzas, J. L. Pérez
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Air quality modeling is an area with a significant progress and interest during the last two decades. It covers all aspects related to pollution dispersion and impact on different ecosystems. It is very much related to the meteorological field since the atmosphere is governed by the general laws derived by the Navier-Stokes equation system. Progress in computer capabilities during the last decades has impulse substantially the research on air quality modeling in a parallel way. Air pollution modeling covers a very complex and interdisciplinary area where we include remote sensing – land use impact -, initial and boundary conditions, data …
Estimation Of Organic Matter And Nutrient Loadings From Point And Non Point Sources Into The Fuji River, Japan: Export Coefficient Modeling Approach, S. Shrestha, F. Kazama
Estimation Of Organic Matter And Nutrient Loadings From Point And Non Point Sources Into The Fuji River, Japan: Export Coefficient Modeling Approach, S. Shrestha, F. Kazama
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
A simple export coefficient modeling approach was used to estimate loadings of organic matters and nutrients from both point and non point sources into Fuji River, Japan. First, we estimated land use export coefficients of organic matters (biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (CODMn)), and nutrients (nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) and inorganic dissolved phosphorus (PO4-P)) specific to Fuji river basin. Semi-monthly water quality monitoring data of BOD, CODMn, NO3-N and PO4-P from 8 stations, 6 years stream discharge from 3 stations and land use information were used to estimate land use export coefficients using available hydrological, statistical and spatial …
Process Analysis Of Environmental Reporting, J. Ráček, Jiří Hřebíček, T. Pitner
Process Analysis Of Environmental Reporting, J. Ráček, Jiří Hřebíček, T. Pitner
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Paper outlines current trends in environmental information management in the Czech Republic specifically in the field of environmental reporting systems. The paper also presents selected results of two research projects “Analysis and Design of Environmental Data Models and External Czech Environmental Information System Interfaces Compatible with the EU” and “Proposal of Communication Framework with International Environmental Information Systems”. The paper furthermore discusses the developed web based information system Central Data Model which facilitates the management and monitoring of the reporting activities that the Czech Republic demands. During the development of environmental reporting (on national and international levels) system the Unified …
Current Trends In Environmental Modelling With Uncertainty., Jiří Hřebíček, Jan Pesl
Current Trends In Environmental Modelling With Uncertainty., Jiří Hřebíček, Jan Pesl
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The important characteristic feature of environmental modelling is the complexity and uncertainty of its mathematical representation (uncertainty of formula). Imprecision of its input data is another characteristic feature, where it is not possible to omit influences of primary monitoring (e.g. gaps of data, errors of measuring facilities, human factor, etc). Many parameters in algorithms and their mathematical formulations are substituted by empirical constants in praxis, although it is well known that their values are very volatile and input data are not validated. Nowadays, information and communication technology (ICT) capabilities are growing rapidly and applied mathematical software (e.g. computer algebra systems, …
Numerically Optimized Empirical Modeling Of Highly Dynamic, Spatially Expansive, And Behaviorally Heterogeneous Hydrologic Systems – Part 1, Edwin Roehl, John Risley, Jana Stewart, Matthew Mitro
Numerically Optimized Empirical Modeling Of Highly Dynamic, Spatially Expansive, And Behaviorally Heterogeneous Hydrologic Systems – Part 1, Edwin Roehl, John Risley, Jana Stewart, Matthew Mitro
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Natural systems exhibit random, chaotic, and multiply periodic behaviors that are driven by gravity, weather, and man-made disturbances. Modeling them on a large scale is challenging because behaviors vary discontinuously both spatially and in time. Modeling requires calibration and validation data that represent a diversity of causes and effects. Measured variables are either categorical (static) or dynamic (time series). Integrating multiple data types and reducing large numbers of variables to a select set often leads to subjective decision-making that has significant ramifications when applying state-of-the-art multi-step modeling approaches, e.g., land-use models driving finite element flow models. This paper is Part …
Quantifying Uncertainties Associated With Estimates Of Greenhouse Gas Emissions And Removals From Canada’S Managed Forests, Thomas White, Werner Kurz, Graham Stinson
Quantifying Uncertainties Associated With Estimates Of Greenhouse Gas Emissions And Removals From Canada’S Managed Forests, Thomas White, Werner Kurz, Graham Stinson
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Canada is developing the National Forest Carbon Monitoring Accounting and Reporting System(NFCMARS) to meet international reporting obligations under the United Nations Framework Convention onClimate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol. The system integrates information about forest area,age and species composition, growth rates, and natural and anthropogenic disturbances in a modelingframework that simulates the forest carbon cycle at stand and landscape scales. The system reports, atregional and national scales, the emissions and removals of greenhouse gases in Canada’s managed forests.Approaches to quantify the uncertainties associated with these estimates are being developed. Thedifficulties associated with meaningfully quantifying uncertainty for national-scale estimates of …