Digital Commons Network^™

Estradiol Interactions With Dopamine Antagonists In Mares: Prolactin Secretion And Reproductive Traits, K. K. Kelley, D. L. Thompson, W. A. Storer, P. B. Mitcham, R. M. Gilley, P. J. Burns

Faculty Publications

Two experiments studied the effects of pretreatment with estradiol benzoate before treatment with a dopamine antagonist on prolactin secretion and reproductive traits in mares during (1) the seasonal anovulatory period and (2) the normal breeding season. Experiment 1 was performed in winter with 17 mares selected for low follicular activity. Nine mares received estradiol benzoate injections every other day for a total of 10 injections; 8 mares received similar injections of vehicle. Ten days after onset of injections, all mares were placed on daily injections of sulpiride (250 mg) for 35 days or until ovulation. Plasma prolactin concentrations were higher …

Changes In Understory Vegetation Of A Ponderosa Pine Forest In Northern Arizona 30 Years After A Wildfire, Amanda L. Bataineh, Brian P. Oswald, Mohammad M. Bataineh, Hans M. Williams, Dean W. Coble

Faculty Publications

Wildland fires can cause shifts in understory species composition and production. Many studies have examined short-term changes in understory vegetation following a wildfire; however, very few long term studies are available. The objective of this study was to examine changes in understory (herb and shrub) species composition and production since the 1972 Rattle Burn wildfire on the Coconino National Forest near Flagstaff, Arizona. Understory species composition and production were originally sampled in 1972, 1974, and 1980 and were re-sampled during July and August of 2002 and 2003 on 30 plots in each of four sites: high severity burn, low severity …

Cultural Competence In Action: A Framework And Practical Strategies For Clinicians, Nidhi Mahendra, Dolores Battle, Joan Payne

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Santa Clara County Soft First Story Multi Unit Building Survey, Guna S. Selvaduray, S. Vukazich, J. Tran

Faculty Publications

The objective of this survey was to provide data to emergency managers in Santa Clara County on the number of soft first-story multifamily dwellings (MFD) located in their communities using a cost-effective town-gown partnership. Target areas of cities were found by identifying areas containing residential units of two or more stories that had four or more living units. The survey found that 2,630, or 36%, of the 7,391 MFD in Santa Clara County are of the soft first-story construction type. It was found that one out of every nine apartment units in Santa Clara County is located in a soft …

Treatment Of Solid Organ Transplant Recipients With Autologous Epstein Barr Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (Ctls)., Barbara Savoldo, John A. Goss, Markus M. Hammer, Lan Zhang, Teresita Lopez, Adrian P. Gee, Yu-Feng Lin, Ruben E. Quiros-Tejeira, Petra Reinke, Stephan Schubert, Stephen Gottschalk, Milton J. Finegold, Malcolm K. Brenner, Cliona M. Rooney, Helen E. Heslop

Faculty Publications

We have investigated the in vivo safety, efficacy, and persistence of autologous Epstein Barr virus (EBV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) for the treatment of solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients at high risk for EBV-associated posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD). EBV-CTLs generated from 35 patients expanded with normal kinetics contained both CD8 and CD4 lymphocytes and produced significant specific killing of autologous EBV-transformed B lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). Twelve SOT recipients at high risk for PTLD, or with active disease, received autologous CTL infusions without toxicity. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) monitoring of EBV-DNA showed a transient increase in plasma EBV-DNA suggestive …

Dynamic Modeling And Statistical Analysis Of Event Times, Edsel A. Pena

Faculty Publications

This review article provides an overview of recent work in the modeling and analysis of recurrent events arising in engineering, reliability, public health, biomedicine and other areas. Recurrent event modeling possesses unique facets making it different and more difficult to handle than single event settings. For instance, the impact of an increasing number of event occurrences needs to be taken into account, the effects of covariates should be considered, potential association among the interevent times within a unit cannot be ignored, and the effects of performed interventions after each event occurrence need to be factored in. A recent general class …

An M/M/1 Retrial Queue With Unreliable Server, Nathan P. Sherman, Jeffrey P. Kharoufeh

Faculty Publications

We analyze an unreliable M/M/1 retrial queue with infinite-capacity orbit and normal queue. Retrial customers do not rejoin the normal queue but repeatedly attempt to access the server at i.i.d. intervals until it is found functioning and idle. We provide stability conditions as well as several stochastic decomposability results.

Positive Behavior Support And Perceptions Of School Quality: An Empirical Study, Hilda Sabbah, Lynnette Christensen, Paul Caldarella, Michael Richardson, Adrian Juchau, Michelle Marchant, K. Richard Young

Faculty Publications

Purpose of the BYU-Positive Behavior Support Initiative…to contribute to the knowledge and understanding of the issues that facilitate, sustain and nurture the emotional, social and moral development of youth by designing, implementing and evaluating school-wide positive behavior support.

Time-Varying Mimo Channels: Measurement, Analysis, And Modeling, Michael A. Jensen, Jon W. Wallace

Faculty Publications

communication nodes is analyzed. A wide-band 8 times 8 sounder is employed to measure the response of indoor and outdoor channels at 2.55 and 5.2 GHz. The rate of channel temporal variation is then quantified in terms of information theoretic metrics that indicate the loss in channel quality as transmit and receive channel state information becomes increasingly outdated. Finally, these metrics are used to investigate the ability of two different modeling strategies-a random matrix model and a physical time-varying cluster model-to capture the channel temporal variation.

Anisotropic High Aspect Ratio Etch Development For Fluorinated Polymers With Stress Relief Technique, S. Kim, Gregory P. Nordin, N. Rahmanian

Faculty Publications

The authors have developed an anisotropic, high aspect ratio (18:1) etch for perfluorocyclobutyl (PFCB) polymers with trenches as narrow as 800 nm using a CO/O2 etch chemistry in an inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etcher. Anisotropy is achieved by carbon sidewall passivation. The motivation for this etch development is to use the air trenches as very compact waveguide splitters [S. Kim et al., Opt. Eng. 45, 054602 (2006)] The authors report a new trench widening mechanism due to tensile stress of the PFCB films and a method of avoiding this widening through the use of additional stress relief trenches on …

The Role Of Training Variables In Effective Dissemination Of Evidence-Based Parenting Interventions, Alexandra C. Seng, Ronald J. Prinz, Matthew R. Sanders

Faculty Publications

From a public health perspective, mental health in parents and children can be promoted through population-based dissemination of parenting and family support interventions. However, it is critical that service providers who are acquiring evidence-based parenting interventions complete the training regimen to optimize dissemination and impact. This article examines training completion and its relationship to individual service provider characteristics, barriers to program use and subsequent implementation of an evidence-based program, the Triple P - Positive Parenting Program. In this study, 83.7% of the service providers completed the two-part training. Individual-level variables did not predict training completion. Service providers from diverse backgrounds …

Omega-3 Fatty Acid Consumption In The Reduction Of Sudden Cardiac Death: A Critical Appraisal, Katie J. Walker, A. Elaine Bond, Renea L. Beckstrand, Mary Williams

Faculty Publications

This article examines the effects of omega-3 fatty acid consumption in reducing sudden cardiac death risk, and provides useful dosing recommendations for patients–with or without a history of coronary heart disease–in a primary care practice.

An Improved Distance Heuristic Function For Directed Software Model Checking, Eric G. Mercer, Neha Rungta

Faculty Publications

State exploration in directed software model checking is guided using a heuristic function to move states near errors to the front of the search queue. Distance heuristic functions rank states based on the number of transitions needed to move the current program state into an error location. Lack of calling context information causes the heuristic function to underestimate the true distance to the error; however, inlining functions at call sites in the control flow graph to capture calling context leads to an exponential growth in the computation. This paper presents a new algorithm that implicitly inlines functions at call sites …

Developing A Campus Copyright Education Program: Conquering The Challenge, Susie Quartey

Faculty Publications

Developing a copyright educational program at a University can be a daunting task. Many professors do not want to hear the word in connection with their teaching or academic pursuits. It can strike fear in the hearts of many educators who have hidden behind the mask of ignorance for years. With the complex nature of copyright law and budget restrictions, few institutions have the luxury of on-site copyright experts. A well-planned, conscientiously formulated copyright education campaign can ease the anxieties of the ignorant; empower the helpless; and fuel the passion of those striving to enlighten others about copyright compliance at …

The Effects Of The Strong Kids Curriculum On Students At-Risk For Internalizing Behavior Disorders, Marenda Brown, Michelle Marchant, Paul Caldarella, Hilda Sabbah, Michael Adams

Faculty Publications

Advantage of Deveoping Social/Emotional Skills in Schools: School is a context that is accessible to children and youth. Schools provide an environment rich in opportunities for social and emotional development (Miller et al., 1998). Classroom experiences are made up of social and emotional interactions (Elksnin & Elksnin, 2006). Children typically feel comfortable in the school setting (Roeser, 2001).

Numerical Study Of The Quasinormal Mode Excitation Of Kerr Black Holes, Ernst Nils Dorband, Emanuele Berti, Peter Diener, Erik Schnetter, Manuel Tiglio

Faculty Publications

We present numerical results from three-dimensional evolutions of scalar perturbations of Kerr black holes. Our simulations make use of a high-order accurate multiblock code which naturally allows for adapted grids and smooth inner (excision) and outer boundaries. We focus on the quasinormal ringing phase, presenting a systematic method for extraction of the quasinormal mode frequencies and amplitudes and comparing our results against perturbation theory. The detection of a single mode in a ringdown waveform allows for a measurement of the mass and spin of a black hole; a multimode detection would allow a test of the Kerr nature of the …

Ordering Tendencies In The Binary Alloys Of Rh, Pd, Ir, And Pt: Density Functional Calculations, Gus L. W. Hart, Brian Kolb, Stefan Müller, David B. Botts

Faculty Publications

The binary alloys of Rh, Pd, Ir, and Pt are important because of their high catalytic potential. We report in this paper that the Rh1-xIrx and Rh1-xPtx systems, long thought to phase separate at low temperatures, actually exhibit miscibility over the entire concentration and temperature range. We find low critical ordering temperatures, indicating that long-range order is unlikely to be observed experimentally. These results are compared with previous theoretical predications for the other binary alloys of Rh, Pd, Ir, and Pt and with calculations performed here on the Pt1-xIrx and Pd1-xIrx systems. We discuss these results and investigate the mechanisms …

Periodic Boundary Condition Induced Breakdown Of The Equipartition Principle And Other Kinetic Effects Of Finite Sample Size In Classical Hard-Sphere Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Randall B. Shirts, Scott R. Burt, Aaron M. Johnson

Faculty Publications

We examine consequences of the non-Boltzmann nature of probability distributions for one-particle kinetic energy, momentum, and velocity for finite systems of classical hard spheres with constant total energy and nonidentical masses. By comparing two cases, reflecting walls (NVE or microcanonical ensemble) and periodic boundaries (NVEPG or molecular dynamics ensemble), we describe three consequences of the center-of-mass constraint in periodic boundary conditions: the equipartition theorem no longer holds for unequal masses, the ratio of the average relative velocity to the average velocity is increased by a factor of [N/(N–1)]^1/2, and the ratio of average collision energy to average kinetic energy is …

Measurement Of Neutrino Oscillation By The K2k Experiment, M. H. Ahn, E. Aliu, S. Andringa, S. Aoki, Y. Aoyama, J. Argyriades, K. Asakura, R. Ashie, F. Berghaus, H. G. Berns, H. Bhang, A. Blondel, S. Borghi, J. Bouchez, S. C. Boyd, J. Burguet-Castell, D. Casper, J. Catala, C. Cavata, A. Cervera, S. M. Chen, K. O. Cho, J. H. Choi, U. Dore, S. Echigo, X. Espinal, M. Fechner, E. Fernandez

Faculty Publications

We present measurements of νμ disappearance in K2K, the KEK to Kamioka long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. One-hundred and twelve beam-originated neutrino events are observed in the fiducial volume of Super-Kamiokande with an expectation of 158.1-8.6+9.2 events without oscillation. A distortion of the energy spectrum is also seen in 58 single-ring muonlike events with reconstructed energies. The probability that the observations are explained by the expectation for no neutrino oscillation is 0.0015% (4.3σ). In a two-flavor oscillation scenario, the allowed Δm2 region at sin 22θ=1 is between 1.9 and 3.5×10-3eV2 at the 90% C.L. with a best-fit value of 2.8×10-3eV2. © …

Arthur Hugh Clough And Florence Nightingale: A Relationship Reexamined, Patrick G. Scott

Faculty Publications

Discusses the relationship between the Victorian poet Arthur Hugh Clough and his cousin-by-marriage the nursing reformer Florence Nightingale, using manuscript and other evidence to counter the varicature offered by Lytton Strachey in his influential book Eminent Victorians.

Analysis And Functional Annotation Of Expressed Sequence Tags From The Fall Armyworm Spodoptera Frugiperda, Youping Deng, Yinghua Dong, Venkata Thodima, Rollie J. Clem, A. Lorena Passareli

Faculty Publications

Background

Little is known about the genome sequences of lepidopteran insects, although this group of insects has been studied extensively in the fields of endocrinology, development, immunity, and pathogen-host interactions. In addition, cell lines derived from Spodoptera frugiperda and other lepidopteran insects are routinely used for baculovirus foreign gene expression. This study reports the results of an expressed sequence tag (EST) sequencing project in cells from the lepidopteran insect S. frugiperda, the fall armyworm.

Results

We have constructed an EST database using two cDNA libraries from the S. frugiperda-derived cell line, SF-21. The database consists of 2,367 ESTs …

Uncertainty In Predictions Of Disease Spread And Public Health Responses To Bioterrorism And Emerging Diseases, Bret D. Elderd, Vanja M. Dukic, Greg Dwyer

Faculty Publications

Concerns over bioterrorism and emerging diseases have led to the widespread use of epidemic models for evaluating public health strategies. Partly because epidemic models often capture the dynamics of prior epidemics remarkably well, little attention has been paid to how uncertainty in parameter estimates might affect model predictions. To understand such effects, we used Bayesian statistics to rigorously estimate the uncertainty in the parameters of an epidemic model, focusing on smallpox bioterrorism. We then used a vaccination model to translate the uncertainty in the model parameters into uncertainty in which of two vaccination strategies would provide a better response to …

Purification And Preconcentration Of Genomic Dna From Whole Cell Lysates Using Photoactivated Polycarbonate (Ppc) Microfluidic Chips, Małgorzata A. Witek, Shawn D. Llopis, Abigail Wheatley, Robin L. Mccarley, Steven A. Soper

Faculty Publications

We discuss the use of a photoactivated polycarbonate (PPC) microfluidic chip for the solid-phase, reversible immobilization (SPRI) and purification of genomic DNA (gDNA) from whole cell lysates. The surface of polycarbonate was activated by UV radiation resulting in a photo-oxidation reaction, which produced a channel surface containing carboxylate groups. The gDNA was selectively captured on this photoactivated surface in an immobilization buffer, which consisted of 3% polyethylene glycol, 0.4 M NaCl and 70% ethanol. The methodology reported herein is similar to conventional SPRI in that surface-confined carboxylate groups are used for the selective immobilization of DNA; however, no magnetic beads …

Potential Energy Surfaces For Small Alcohol Dimers I: Methanol And Ethanol, Richard L. Rowley, Tapani A. Pakkanen, Christopher M. Tracy

Faculty Publications

Potential energy landscapes for homogeneous dimers of methanol and ethanol were calculated using counterpoise (CP) corrected energies at the MP2/6-311+G(2df,2pd) level. The landscapes were sampled at approximately 15 dimer separation distances for different relative monomer geometries, or routes, given in terms of a relative monomer yaw, pitch, and roll and the spherical angles between the monomer centers (taken as the C atom attached to the O). The 19 different routes studied for methanol and the 22 routes examined for ethanol include 607 CP corrected energies. Both landscapes can be adequately represented by site-site, pairwise-additive models, suitable for use in molecular …

Emergency Nurses' Perceptions Of Obstacles And Supportive Behaviors In End-Of-Life Care, Sondra Heaston, Renea L. Beckstrand, A. Elaine Bond, Sheri P. Palmer

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Little is known about emergency nurses' perceptions of either obstacles or supportive behaviors for providing end-of life (EOL) care to dying patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceived obstacles and supportive behaviors in providing EOL care to dying patients in emergency departments.

Methods: In this survey research, a 73-item questionnaire regarding EOL care was mailed to a geographically dispersed national random sample of 300 members of the Emergency Nurses Association. Descriptive statistics were calculated for the 54 Likert-type items and demographic items. Two open-ended questions were analyzed using content analysis.

Results: Returns after 3 mailings …

African-American Mitochondrial Dnas Often Match Mtdnas Found In Multiple African Ethnic Groups, Bert Ely, Jamie Lee Wilson, Fatimah Jackson, Bruce A. Jackson

Faculty Publications

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes have become popular tools for tracing maternal ancestry, and several companies offer this service to the general public. Numerous studies have demonstrated that human mtDNA haplotypes can be used with confidence to identify the continent where the haplotype originated. Ideally, mtDNA haplotypes could also be used to identify a particular country or ethnic group from which the maternal ancestor emanated. However, the geographic distribution of mtDNA haplotypes is greatly influenced by the movement of both individuals and population groups. Consequently, common mtDNA haplotypes are shared among multiple ethnic groups. We have studied the distribution of mtDNA …

Quantum Nature Of The Big Bang: Improved Dynamics, Abhay Ashtekar, Tomasz Pawlowski, Parampreet Singh

Faculty Publications

An improved Hamiltonian constraint operator is introduced in loop quantum cosmology. Quantum dynamics of the spatially flat, isotropic model with a massless scalar field is then studied in detail using analytical and numerical methods. The scalar field continues to serve as "emergent time", the big bang is again replaced by a quantum bounce, and quantum evolution remains deterministic across the deep Planck regime. However, while with the Hamiltonian constraint used so far in loop quantum cosmology the quantum bounce can occur even at low matter densities, with the new Hamiltonian constraint it occurs only at a Planck-scale density. Thus, the …

Optical Emission Study Of Nonthermal Plasma Confirms Reaction Mechanisms Involving Neutral Rather Than Charged Species, Morris D. Argyle, Gui-Bing Zhao, Maciej Radosz

Faculty Publications

Charge transfer reactions are commonly used to explain NOX conversion in nonthermal plasma. An analysis of optical emission spectra induced by pulsed corona discharge in NOX-containing argon suggests that, in fact, the contribution of charge transfer reactions to NOX conversion in nonthermal plasma is negligible. During electrical discharge in such gas mixtures, NO(B), an electronic excited state of NO formed due to the dissociative recombination reactions of NO2+ and N2O+ and the optical emission of NO(B) could be a proof that cations are responsible for NOX conversion. However, the optical emission of NO(B) is not observed, leading to the conclusion …

Thermal Stability Landscape For Klenow Dna Polymerase As A Function Of Ph And Salt Concentration, Allison J. Richard, Chin Chi Liu, Alexandra L. Klinger, Matthew J. Todd, Tara M. Mezzasalma, Vince J. Licata

Faculty Publications

The thermal denaturation of Klenow DNA polymerase has been characterized over a wide variety of solution conditions to obtain a relative stability landscape for the protein. Measurements were conducted utilizing a miniaturized fluorescence assay that measures Tm based on the increase in the fluorescence of 1,8-anilinonaphthalene sulfonate (ANS) when the protein denatures. The melting temperature (Tm) for Klenow increases as the salt concentration is increased and as the pH is decreased. Klenow's Tm spans a range of over 20 °C, from 40 to 62 °C, depending upon the solution conditions. The landscape reconciles and extends previously measured Tm values for …

Integrin Structures And Conformational Signaling, Bing Hao Luo, Timothy A. Springer

Faculty Publications

Integrins are cell adhesion molecules that play critical roles in development, wound healing, hemostasis, immunity and cancer. Advances in the past two years have shed light on the structural basis for integrin regulation and signaling, especially on how global conformational changes between bent and extended conformations relate to the inter-domain and intra-domain shape shifting that regulates affinity for ligand. The downward movements of the C-terminal helices of the α I and β I domains and the swing-out of the hybrid domain play pivotal roles in integrin conformational signaling. Experiments have also shown that integrins transmit bidirectional signals across the plasma …