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Articles 1 - 30 of 104
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Understanding Barriers And Facilitators To Participation In People With Aphasia: A Qualitative Approach, Elisa Garcia, Lisa Tabor Connor
Understanding Barriers And Facilitators To Participation In People With Aphasia: A Qualitative Approach, Elisa Garcia, Lisa Tabor Connor
Center for Social Development Research
Aphasia is an acquired communication disorder that currently affects about one million people in the United States. Although people with aphasia receive rehabilitation services, they often return to the community with barriers that impact participation in activities that are meaningful to them. Few research studies have investigated factors influencing participation in aphasia and people with aphasia are often excluded from research due to their language impairment. The purpose of this exploratory qualitative study was to identify the most common barriers and facilitators to community participation, as perceived by people with chronic aphasia following stroke. Method: Five participants with mild to …
Drosophila Piwi Functions Downstream Of Pirna Production Mediating A Chromatin-Based Transposon Silencing Mechanism In Female Germ Line, Sidney Wang, Sarah C.R. Elgin
Drosophila Piwi Functions Downstream Of Pirna Production Mediating A Chromatin-Based Transposon Silencing Mechanism In Female Germ Line, Sidney Wang, Sarah C.R. Elgin
Biology Faculty Publications & Presentations
Transposon control is a critical process during reproduction. The PIWI family proteins can play a key role, using a piRNA-mediated slicing mechanism to suppress transposon activity posttranscriptionally. In Drosophila melanogaster, Piwi is predominantly localized in the nucleus and has been implicated in heterochromatin formation. Here, we use female germ-line-specific depletion to study Piwi function. This depletion of Piwi leads to infertility and to axis specification defects in the developing egg chambers; correspondingly, widespread loss of transposon silencing is observed. Germ-line Piwi does not appear to be required for piRNA production. Instead, Piwi requires Aubergine (and presumably secondary piRNA) for proper …
Effect Of Environmental Conditions On Perceived Psychological Restorativeness Of Coastal Parks, J. Aaron Hipp, Oladele A. Ogunseitan
Effect Of Environmental Conditions On Perceived Psychological Restorativeness Of Coastal Parks, J. Aaron Hipp, Oladele A. Ogunseitan
Brown School Faculty Publications
We investigated the hypothesis that perception of psychological restorativeness during visits to coastal parks is modified by objective and perceived environmental conditions. Visitors (n=1,153) to California beaches completed a survey on perceived weather, environmental quality, and perceived restorativeness. We used generalized ordinal logistic models to estimate the association between environmental parameters and odds of perceiving higher levels of restorativeness. Visitors perceived greater restorativeness at beaches when ambient temperatures were at or below mean monthly temperatures and during low tides. The odds of perceiving the environment as more psychologically restorative were three times greater when visiting on days defined by government …
Capabilities Perception Of Well-‐Being And Development Effort: Some Evidence From Afghanistan, Jean-Francois Trani, Parul Bakhshi, Cécile Rolland
Capabilities Perception Of Well-‐Being And Development Effort: Some Evidence From Afghanistan, Jean-Francois Trani, Parul Bakhshi, Cécile Rolland
Brown School Faculty Publications
This paper examines the relationship between capabilities, well-being and the impact of development efforts in Afghanistan. Using data from a nationally representative survey, we argue that very vulnerable groups maintain a positive perception of well-being by referring to collective values and practices. Our data suggest that deprivation of individual basic capabilities does not systematically lead to a low perception of well-being if individuals have access to other capabilities such as love and care and participation in the community affairs. Nevertheless, access to basic capabilities remains crucial in order to ensure that social norms and expectations cease to constitute constraints and …
Participant Satisfaction With The Mission Continues Fellowship Program For Post 9/11 Disabled Veterans, Monica M. Matthieu, Michael J. Pereira, Ian D. Smith
Participant Satisfaction With The Mission Continues Fellowship Program For Post 9/11 Disabled Veterans, Monica M. Matthieu, Michael J. Pereira, Ian D. Smith
Center for Social Development Research
Participant Satisfaction With the Mission Continues Fellowship Program for Post 9/11 Disabled Veterans
Social Ecological Constraints To Park Use In Communities With Quality Access, J. Aaron Hipp, Ravikumar Chockalingam, Deepti Adlakha
Social Ecological Constraints To Park Use In Communities With Quality Access, J. Aaron Hipp, Ravikumar Chockalingam, Deepti Adlakha
Center for Social Development Research
Evidence correlates physical activity, psychological restoration, and social health to proximity to parks and sites of recreation. The purpose of this study was to identify perceived constraints to park use in low-income communities facing significant health disparities, with access to underutilized parks. We used a series of focus groups with families, teens, and older adults in neighborhoods with similar demographic distribution and access to parks over 125 acres in size. Constraints to park use varied across age groups as well as across social ecological levels, with perceived constraints to individuals, user groups, communities, and society. Policies and interventions aimed at …
Asset Poverty In Urban China: A Study Using The 2002 Chinese Household Income Project, Jin Huang, Minchao Jin, Suo Deng, Baorong Guo, Li Zou, Michael Sherraden
Asset Poverty In Urban China: A Study Using The 2002 Chinese Household Income Project, Jin Huang, Minchao Jin, Suo Deng, Baorong Guo, Li Zou, Michael Sherraden
Center for Social Development Research
Defining asset poverty as insufficiency of assets to satisfy household basic needs for a limited period of time, the study examines asset poverty rates in urban China using the 2002 survey data from the Chinese Household Income Project (CHIP). We find that asset poverty rates in urban China are lower than those of developed countries, in part due to Chinese households’ strong commitment to precautionary savings and the low poverty standards. However, the liquid asset poverty rate is five times that of the income poverty rate in urban China. Notably, the asset-poverty-gap ratio shows that most households in asset poverty …
Competencies: A Cure For Pre-Med Curriculum, Winston Anderson, Richard Amasino, Manuel Ares, Utpal Banerjee, Bonnie Bartel, Victor Corces, Catherine Drennan, Sarah C.R. Elgin, Irving Epstein, Ellen Fanning, Louis Guillette, Jo Handelsman, Graham Hatfull, Ronald Hoy, Darcy Kelley, Leslie Leinwand, Richard Losick, Yi Lu, David Lynn, Claudia Neuhauser, Diane O'Dowd, Toto Olivera, Pavel Pevzner, Rebecca Richards-Kortum, Jasper Rine, Robert Sah, Scott Strobel, Graham Walker, David Walt, Isiah Warner, Sue Wessler, Huntington Willard, Richard Zare
Competencies: A Cure For Pre-Med Curriculum, Winston Anderson, Richard Amasino, Manuel Ares, Utpal Banerjee, Bonnie Bartel, Victor Corces, Catherine Drennan, Sarah C.R. Elgin, Irving Epstein, Ellen Fanning, Louis Guillette, Jo Handelsman, Graham Hatfull, Ronald Hoy, Darcy Kelley, Leslie Leinwand, Richard Losick, Yi Lu, David Lynn, Claudia Neuhauser, Diane O'Dowd, Toto Olivera, Pavel Pevzner, Rebecca Richards-Kortum, Jasper Rine, Robert Sah, Scott Strobel, Graham Walker, David Walt, Isiah Warner, Sue Wessler, Huntington Willard, Richard Zare
Biology Faculty Publications & Presentations
No abstract provided.
Event Perception, Gabriel A. Radvansky, Jeffrey M. Zacks
Event Perception, Gabriel A. Radvansky, Jeffrey M. Zacks
Psychological & Brain Sciences Faculty Publications
Events are central elements of human experience. Formally, they can be individuated in terms of the entities that compose them, the features of those entities, and the relations amongst entities. Psychologically, representations of events capture their spatiotemporal location, the people and objects involved, and the relations between these elements. Here, we present an account of the nature of psychological representations of events and how they are constructed and updated. Event representations are like images in that they are isomorphic to the situations they represent. However, they are like models or language in that they are constructed of components rather than …
Two Accounts For Why Adolescent Savings Is Predictive Of Young Adult Savings: An Economic Socialization Perspective And An Institutional Perspective, William Elliott Iii, Paul Webley, Terri Friedline
Two Accounts For Why Adolescent Savings Is Predictive Of Young Adult Savings: An Economic Socialization Perspective And An Institutional Perspective, William Elliott Iii, Paul Webley, Terri Friedline
Center for Social Development Research
Economic socialization and the institutional theory of saving offer different accounts for why adolescents' savings predicts savings in young adulthood. Economic socialization theory emphasizes the role that the family plays in whether or not youth develop a future time orientation and a habit of saving. Conversely, an institutional theory is built on the premise that acquisition of financial knowledge and resources are strongly influenced by structural failures related to social class and race. Using longitudinal data (N = 694) from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) and its supplements, this paper asks whether having savings as an adolescent (ages …
Do Child Development Accounts Promote Account Holding, Saving, And Asset Accumulation For Children's Future? Evidence From A Statewide Randomized Experiment, Yunju Nam, Youngmi Kim, Margaret Clancy, Robert Zager, Michael Sherraden
Do Child Development Accounts Promote Account Holding, Saving, And Asset Accumulation For Children's Future? Evidence From A Statewide Randomized Experiment, Yunju Nam, Youngmi Kim, Margaret Clancy, Robert Zager, Michael Sherraden
Center for Social Development Research
This study examines the impacts of Child Development Accounts (CDAs) on account holding, saving, and asset accumulation for children, using data from the SEED for Oklahoma Kids experiment (SEED OK). SEED OK, a policy test of universal and progressive CDAs, provides a 529 college savings plan account to every infant in the treatment group with automatic account opening and an initial deposit. SEED OK also encourages treatment participants to open their own 529 accounts with an account opening incentive and a savings match. Using a sample of infants randomly selected from birth records (N=2,70) and randomly assigned to treatment and …
Broad And Deep: The Extensive Learning Agenda In Youthsave, Center For Social Development
Broad And Deep: The Extensive Learning Agenda In Youthsave, Center For Social Development
Center for Social Development Research
Broad and Deep: The Extensive Learning Agenda in YouthSave
Cluster K Mycobacteriophages: Insights Into The Evolutionary Origins Of Mycobacteriophage Tm4, Welkin Pope, Christina Ferreira, Deborah Jacobs-Sera, Robert Benjamin, Ariangela Davis, Randall Dejong, Sarah C.R. Elgin, Forrest Guilfoile, Mark Forsyth, Alexander Harris, Samuel Harvey, Lee Hughes, Peter Hynes, Arrykka Jackson, Marilyn Jalal, Elizabeth Macmurray, Coreen Manley, Molly Mcdonough, Jordan Mosier, Larissa Osterbann, Hannah Rabinowitz, Corwin Rhyan, Daniel Russell, Margaret Saha, Christopher Shaffer, Stephanie Simon, Erika Sims, Isabel Tovar, Emilie Weisser, John Wertz, Kathleen Weston-Hafer, Kurt Williamson, Bo Zhang, Steven Cresawn, Paras Jain, Mariana Piuri, William Jacobs, Roger Hendrix, Graham Hatfull
Cluster K Mycobacteriophages: Insights Into The Evolutionary Origins Of Mycobacteriophage Tm4, Welkin Pope, Christina Ferreira, Deborah Jacobs-Sera, Robert Benjamin, Ariangela Davis, Randall Dejong, Sarah C.R. Elgin, Forrest Guilfoile, Mark Forsyth, Alexander Harris, Samuel Harvey, Lee Hughes, Peter Hynes, Arrykka Jackson, Marilyn Jalal, Elizabeth Macmurray, Coreen Manley, Molly Mcdonough, Jordan Mosier, Larissa Osterbann, Hannah Rabinowitz, Corwin Rhyan, Daniel Russell, Margaret Saha, Christopher Shaffer, Stephanie Simon, Erika Sims, Isabel Tovar, Emilie Weisser, John Wertz, Kathleen Weston-Hafer, Kurt Williamson, Bo Zhang, Steven Cresawn, Paras Jain, Mariana Piuri, William Jacobs, Roger Hendrix, Graham Hatfull
Biology Faculty Publications & Presentations
Five newly isolated mycobacteriophages--Angelica, CrimD, Adephagia, Anaya, and Pixie--have similar genomic architectures to mycobacteriophage TM4, a previously characterized phage that is widely used in mycobacterial genetics. The nucleotide sequence similarities warrant grouping these into Cluster K, with subdivision into three subclusters: K1, K2, and K3. Although the overall genome architectures of these phages are similar, TM4 appears to have lost at least two segments of its genome, a central region containing the integration apparatus, and a segment at the right end. This suggests that TM4 is a recent derivative of a temperate parent, resolving a long-standing conundrum about its biology, …
Productive Aging Conference Report, Center For Social Development
Productive Aging Conference Report, Center For Social Development
Center for Social Development Research
Productive Aging Conference Report
Disability And Poverty: The Need For A More Nuanced Understanding Of Implications For Development Policy And Practice, Nora Groce, Maria Kett, Raymond Lang, Jean-Francois Trani
Disability And Poverty: The Need For A More Nuanced Understanding Of Implications For Development Policy And Practice, Nora Groce, Maria Kett, Raymond Lang, Jean-Francois Trani
Brown School Faculty Publications
The international development community is beginning to recognise that people with disabilities constitute among the poorest and most vulnerable of all groups and thus must be a core issue in development policies and programmes. Yet, the relationship between disability and poverty remains ill-defined and under-researched, with few studies providing robust and verifiable data that examines the intricacies of this relationship. A second, linked issue is the need for – and current lack of – criteria to assess whether and how disability-specific and disability ‘mainstreamed’ or ‘inclusive’ programmes work in combating the exclusion, marginalisation and poverty of people with disabilities. This …
When Effort And Ability Are Not Enough To Reduce The College Enrollment Gap, Does College Savings Help?, William Elliott Iii
When Effort And Ability Are Not Enough To Reduce The College Enrollment Gap, Does College Savings Help?, William Elliott Iii
Center for Social Development Research
Low-income Americans continue to believe in the idea of education as a means to economic mobility. With limited opportunities for accumulating savings for college, however, many high-achieving low-income students do not believe that a four-year college is within reach. They learn from a very young age that while college may be desired, it is not affordable; 43% of 10th grade students report that college costs are very important for the type of school they will choose. This study examines whether college-bound (i.e., students who expect to graduate from a four-year college and who are high achieving) low-income 10th graders enroll …
Single Molecule Analysis Of The Arabidopsis Fra1 Kinesin Shows That It Is A Functional Motor Protein With Unusually High Processivity, Chuanmei Zhu, Ram Dixit
Single Molecule Analysis Of The Arabidopsis Fra1 Kinesin Shows That It Is A Functional Motor Protein With Unusually High Processivity, Chuanmei Zhu, Ram Dixit
Biology Faculty Publications & Presentations
The Arabidopsis FRA1 kinesin contributes to the organization of cellulose microfibrils through an unknown mechanism. The cortical localization of this kinesin during interphase raises the possibility that it transports cell wall-related cargoes along cortical microtubules that either directly or indirectly influence cellulose microfibril patterning. To determine whether FRA1 is an authentic motor protein, we combined bulk biochemical assays and single molecule fluorescence imaging to analyze the motor properties of recombinant, GFP-tagged FRA1 containing the motor and coiled-coil domains (designated as FRA1(707)–GFP). We found that FRA1(707)–GFP binds to microtubules in an ATP-dependent manner and that its ATPase activity is dramatically stimulated …
Toward A Children's Savings And College-Bound Identity Intervention For Raising College Attendance Rates: A Multilevel Propensity Score Analysis, William Elliott Iii, Gina Chowa, Vernon Loke
Toward A Children's Savings And College-Bound Identity Intervention For Raising College Attendance Rates: A Multilevel Propensity Score Analysis, William Elliott Iii, Gina Chowa, Vernon Loke
Center for Social Development Research
It has been suggested that children’s savings programs will be more effective if they are combined with strategies to build children’s college-bound identities. In this study we use a multi-level treatment approach to propensity score analysis to test this proposition. Findings suggest that children who have savings and are certain they will graduate from a four-year college are more likely to attend college than their counterparts. Given this, we suggest that children’s savings policies designed to increase college attendance rates will be more effective if they include strategies for building children’s college-bound identity and college-bound identity programs will be more …
A Process Model Of Children's Savings Indirect Effects On College Progress, William Elliott Iii, Ilsung Nam, Toni Johnson
A Process Model Of Children's Savings Indirect Effects On College Progress, William Elliott Iii, Ilsung Nam, Toni Johnson
Center for Social Development Research
In addition to direct effects that accompany owning savings, asset researchers hypothesize that savings also has indirect effects. However, theory and research on the psychological effects of assets are in their early stages of development. One promising area of theoretical and research inquiry is the study of college expectations as an explanatory mechanism for the relationship between assets and children’s educational outcomes. However, little theory has been developed about how assets may influence college expectations. a recent study uses Identity-Based Motivation (IBM) theory to explain the indirect effects of assets. There are three core components of IBM: (1) salience, (2) …
Gender And Asset Dimensions Of Seasonal Water Insecurity In Urban Philippines, Lisa Reyes Mason
Gender And Asset Dimensions Of Seasonal Water Insecurity In Urban Philippines, Lisa Reyes Mason
Center for Social Development Research
Seasonal water insecurity is a social and climate-related problem of growing concern in many urban areas. From 2000 to 2050, the global urban population affected by seasonal water shortage is projected to increase from 312 million to 1.3 billion. This increase is due to a combination of drivers, including population growth, urbanization, and climate change. To advance understanding of the social dimensions of this problem, this study uses qualitative methods—archival research, informal interviews (N=7), and in-depth interviews (N=15)—to explore how gender and assets relate to water insecurity in the rainy and dry seasons in three urban neighborhoods in Baguio City, …
College Savings Match Programs: Design And Policy, Terry Lassar, Margaret M. Clancy, Sarah Mcclure
College Savings Match Programs: Design And Policy, Terry Lassar, Margaret M. Clancy, Sarah Mcclure
Center for Social Development Research
We examine here the essential elements and program design of all state 529 savings-match programs as well as the application process and other policy considerations. Like other state programs, 529 savings incentives inevitably reflect the unique demographics, economics, and political makeup of a particular state. This report provides details about inclusive savings-match program features and strategies that could make 529 plans more widely accessible to families of all incomes.
Experiment In Ghana Off To A Good Start, Center For Social Development
Experiment In Ghana Off To A Good Start, Center For Social Development
Center for Social Development Research
Experiment in Ghana off to a Good Start
The Mission Continues: Engaging Post-9/11 Disabled Military Veterans In Civic Service, Monica M. Matthieu, Ian D. Smith, Amanda Moore Mcbride, Nancy Morrow-Howell
The Mission Continues: Engaging Post-9/11 Disabled Military Veterans In Civic Service, Monica M. Matthieu, Ian D. Smith, Amanda Moore Mcbride, Nancy Morrow-Howell
Center for Social Development Research
The Mission Continues: Engaging Post-9/11 Disabled Military Veterans in Civic Service
Asset-Based Policy In China: Applied Project And Policy Progress, Li Zou
Asset-Based Policy In China: Applied Project And Policy Progress, Li Zou
Center for Social Development Research
Asset-Based Policy in China: Applied Project and Policy Progress
Asset-Based Policy In South Korea, Youngmi Kim, Li Zou, Young Sun Joo, Michael Sherraden
Asset-Based Policy In South Korea, Youngmi Kim, Li Zou, Young Sun Joo, Michael Sherraden
Center for Social Development Research
Asset-Based Policy in South Korea
Sunday Driver/Jip3 Binds Kinesin Heavy Chain Directly And Enhances Its Motility, Faneng Sun, Chuanmei Zhu, Ram Dixit, Valeria Cavalli
Sunday Driver/Jip3 Binds Kinesin Heavy Chain Directly And Enhances Its Motility, Faneng Sun, Chuanmei Zhu, Ram Dixit, Valeria Cavalli
Biology Faculty Publications & Presentations
Neuronal development, function and repair critically depend on axonal transport of vesicles and protein complexes, which is mediated in part by the molecular motor kinesin‐1. Adaptor proteins recruit kinesin‐1 to vesicles via direct association with kinesin heavy chain (KHC), the force‐generating component, or via the accessory light chain (KLC). Binding of adaptors to the motor is believed to engage the motor for microtubule‐based transport. We report that the adaptor protein Sunday Driver (syd, also known as JIP3 or JSAP1) interacts directly with KHC, in addition to and independently of its known interaction with KLC. Using an in vitro motility assay, …
Seoul Hope Plus Savings Accounts: Asset-Building Program For Low-Income Households In Seoul (Second-Year Collaborative Research Report), Youngmi Kim, Soonung Lee, Mihyun Kim
Seoul Hope Plus Savings Accounts: Asset-Building Program For Low-Income Households In Seoul (Second-Year Collaborative Research Report), Youngmi Kim, Soonung Lee, Mihyun Kim
Center for Social Development Research
Seoul Hope Plus Savings Accounts: Asset-Building Program for Low-Income Households in Seoul (Second-Year Collaborative Research Report)
Disability, Vulnerability And Citizenship: To What Extent Is Education A Protective Mechanism For Children With Disabilities In Countries Affected By Conflict?, Jean-Francois Trani, Maria Kett, Parul Bakhshi, Nicola Bailey
Disability, Vulnerability And Citizenship: To What Extent Is Education A Protective Mechanism For Children With Disabilities In Countries Affected By Conflict?, Jean-Francois Trani, Maria Kett, Parul Bakhshi, Nicola Bailey
Brown School Faculty Publications
Humanitarian crises as a result of conflict are often characterised by failure of the social contract between the state and its citizens. For a variety of reasons, children with disabilities are often particularly vulnerable in time of humanitarian crisis. This paper draws on research undertaken by the authors in a series of countries affected by conflict, and looks at how the politics and policies of such countries, and the humanitarian and development agencies working in them, continue to exclude children with disabilities from formal and informal education structures. It will be argued that this exclusion not only impedes progress on …
International Service And Higher Education: Toward A Vision For The Field, Amanda Moore Mcbride, Eric Mlyn
International Service And Higher Education: Toward A Vision For The Field, Amanda Moore Mcbride, Eric Mlyn
Center for Social Development Research
International Service and Higher Education: Toward a Vision for the Field
Bad Girls Of Art And Law: Abjection, Power, And Sexuality Exceptionalism In (Kara Walker’S) Art And (Janet Halley’S) Law, Adrienne D. Davis
Bad Girls Of Art And Law: Abjection, Power, And Sexuality Exceptionalism In (Kara Walker’S) Art And (Janet Halley’S) Law, Adrienne D. Davis
Women, Gender & Sexuality Studies Research
This paper seeks to make some connections between legal theorist Janet Halley and contemporary artist Kara Walker. It compares their recent oeuvre to show how both reject understandings of the interplay of sex, power, and subordination proffered by conventional "justice projects" - specifically civil rights’ and feminism’s articulations of bodily violence and violation as key modes of racial and gender injury and subordination. Neither of these two is the first to dispute such accounts of injury and identity; yet, what distinguishes them is that both attempt to ground their theoretical and aesthetic indictments in the notion of abjection, or the …