Digital Commons Network^™

"Thoughtful Feedback": Public Participation And The Office Of The Gene Technology Regulator, Kerry Ross

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

The introduction of genetically engineered crops has generated widespread public debate. In recognition of this, there are increasing calls for the public to participate in decisionmaking regarding their introduction. In Australia, the recently established Office of the Gene Technology Regulator (OGTR) is responsible for the regulation of genetically engineered crops. In assessing the risks posed by the release of genetically engineered organisms into the environment the OGTR is obliged to incorporate public participation in its decision-making process. In 2003 the OGTR granted a licence to Bayer CropScience for the commercial release of Australia's first genetically engineered food crop, InVigor® canola. …

Culture, Class & Experience In The Australian Flying Corps, Michael W.J Molkentin

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

The Australian Flying Corps (AFC) was one of the world's earliest military air arms yet within Australian military history it has commanded only limited attention. The experience of the infantry in combat and the subsequent development of the digger myth and the Anzac legend (which was informed and shaped by the digger myth) have taken centre stage. But does the digger reflect the experiences of other units within the First Australian Imperial Force (AIF)? This thesis examines the Australian Flying Corps to answer that question in part.

This thesis is a social-military history of the AFC's combat aviators and mechanics, …

Nano-Oxides Fabricated In-Situ Spray Pyrolysis Technique As Anode Materials For Lithium Secondary Batteries, Zheng Wei Zhao

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

The aim of this study is to investigate various nano-structured metal oxides (MO, M =Co, Ni and Sn) prepared by the in-situ spray pyrolysis technique as anode electrodes in lithium-ion rechargeable batteries. Today's research on anode materials for the Li-ion technology is mainly focused on (a) enhancing the electrochemical characteristics of the carbonaceous anode electrode by chemical (pyrolytic processing of organic materials) orphysical (mechanical milling of carbons) means and (b) finding alternative materials to substitute for the presently used carbonaceous anode electrode composites. Variousnano-structured transition-metal oxides and tin oxides have been proven to be promising anodes since the compounds can …

Extending An Mpeg-21 Viewer To Manage Access Rights, Rickard Lonneborg

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

The Internet has opened many opportunities for the distribution of information, both free and copyrighted. A music album is quickly transferred with high quality between Internet users, peer-to-peer networks enable simple trading and redistribution of copyrighted music, video and programs. Digital Rights Management (DRM) systems are designed to enable legal trading of copyrighted information, prevent unauthorised distribution, modification and usage of copyrighted digital information. MPEG-21 is a new standard for multimedia on the Internet. It is described as being the big picture in describing multimedia content. It allows for composition of digital items from different resources such as pictures, sound, …

The Women's Voluntary Services, A Study Of War And Volunteering In Camden, 1939-1945, Ian C. Willis

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

Camden is a country town whose history and development has been influenced by war. The town was part of Australias homefront war effort, and from the time of the Boer War the most important part of this for Camden was volunteering. The Second World War was no exception, and the most influential voluntary organisation that contributed to the town�s war effort was the Womens Voluntary Services [WVS]. The Camden WVS was part of the close cultural and emotional links that existed between Camden and Great Britain that began with the Macarthur family in the early nineteenth century. Camden saw itself …

Security For Pdas, Jianyong Huang

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) are one of the most popular computing tools nowadays. Compared with desktop and notebook computers, PDAs are smaller, lighter and can be carried everywhere. However, PDAs have several limitations. They use smaller microprocessors which are much slower than their PC counterparts. Their lack of computational power makes it very difficult to perform some heavy computations, such as generating RSA keys, which needs large prime numbers. Thus, it is useful to have a combination of a PC and a PDA, where the PC performs heavy computations to assist the PDA. This scenario is feasible as long as …

Observations On The Cryptologic Properties Of The Aes Algorithm, Beomsik Song

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

The AES algorithm is a symmetric block cipher, which will replace DES for the next few decades. This cipher has been reputed to be secure against conventional cryptanalytic methods, such as DC (Differential Cryptanalysis) and LC (Linear Cryptanalysis), but the simple algebraic structure of the cipher has led to some commentators' concerns about its security. The purpose of this study is to observe the cryptologic properties of the AES algorithm from a new point of view, and to examine the security of this cipher on the basis of these observations. Some well-known research studies on the security of the AES …

Studies On The Synthesis, Characterization And Properties Of Colossal Magnetoresistive (Cmr) Materials, Feng Gao

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

Metal oxides constitute an interesting class of materials with a wide range of properties. They exhibit a variety of phenomena such as ferromagnetism, ferroelectricity, and superconductivity. In the last few years, a new aspect of the metal oxides has come to the fore. This is colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) exhibited by certain manganese oxides, in particular rare earth manganites of perovskite structure. Due to their CMR, there have been many investigations on perovskite manganese oxides, especially A(subscript 1-x)B(subscript x)MnO(subscript 3) (where A is a lanthanum series element and B is a divalent element such as Sr or Ca) compound. These recent …

Reaction-Diffusion Equations For Population Genetics, Bronwyn Bradshaw-Hajek

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

In this thesis, we reinforce the validity of using reaction-diffusion equations with cubic source terms to describe the change in frequency of alleles in a gene pool. In a population with two possible alleles at the locus in question, the Fitzhugh-Nagumo equation is shown to be appropriate when there is no dominance, whereas the Huxley equation is appropriate when one of the alleles is completely dominant. The difference between the Huxley equation (with cubic source term) and the Fisher-Kolmogorov equation (with quadratic source term) is explained numerically and analytically. Using the method of nonclassical symmetry analysis, we construct some practical …

Travel Guidebooks To India: A Century And A Half Of Orientalism, Kathleen Epelde

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

This is a study of travel guidebooks to India as Orientalist productions. Using post-colonial theory, it demonstrates how Orientalist discourse has maintained its cultural hegemony by cutting across a range of genres in the field of travel texts and changing over time. The first part of the study, situated in early nineteenth-century England and India, traces the emergence of the guidebook from the genre of the travel narrative, examining shaping influences, such as the exhibition and museum, and the aesthetic of the picturesque. Through a textual analysis of early guidebooks to India published by John Murray and Thomas Cook, it …

Breeding Biology Of Gould's Petrels Pterodroma Leucoptera: Predicting Breeding Outcomes From A Physiological And Morphological Appraisal Of Adults, Terence W. O'Dwyer

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

1) The breeding biology of Goulds petrels Pterodroma leucoptera was studied at Cabbage Tree Island, New South Wales over three successive breeding seasons from 2000/01. I sought to identify better reproductively performing individuals and to identify indicators of breeding success through a physiological and morphological appraisal of adult characteristics. 2) Goulds petrels exhibit no sex linked plumage dimorphism, however, knowledge of the sex of both adults and chicks was an integral component of this study. Blood samples were taken from 209 adults and 206 chicks and a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based molecular technique was used to determine their sex. …

Competitive Industry Policy For Economic Development In Sri Lanka: Lessons From East Asia, Tikiri Bandara Agalewatte

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

This study evaluates the current position of Sri Lanka in terms of Newly Industrialized Country (NIC) status, and explores the lessons which it can learn from the successful East Asian economies. Accordingly, it develops a policy strategy to enable Sri Lanka to converge into a more dynamic growth path leading towards the NIC status in the foreseeable future. This exercise was deemed useful because Sri Lanka had a superior position over many less developed countries (LDCs) including the East Asian NICs four decades ago, but having attempted various economic policy regimes over this period, it still remains a LDC. The …

Effects Of Aging On Functions Of The Prefrontal Cortex, Geoffrey Arthur Fox

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

Primary Aging is a term used to describe the effects of the passage of time on the human body, particularly after 50 years of age. The effects may be contained or reversed. Secondary Aging describes the effects of a pathological process, commonly associated with the passage of time. The effects are difficult to contain, cannot be reversed, and progress to death. The thesis addresses two issues, namely can the two conditions be accurately differentiated by neuropsychological tests, and are the effects of Primary Aging first observed in functions commonly associated with the prefrontal cortex. The research technique is that of …

The Asymmetric Synthesis Of Polyhydroxylated Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids, Minyan Tang

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

Chapter 1 of this thesis is a review of the literature on the structure, biological activities and synthesis of polyhydroxylated 3-hydroxymethylpyrrolizidine alkaloids. This Chapter also outlines he aims of this project, which were to develop a flexible synthesis of the 1,2,7-trihydroxy-3-hydroxymethylpyrroizidine alkaloid australine, and its epimers. Chapter 2 describes model synthetic chemical studies on the synthesis of the pyrrolizidine core structure. The key synthetic steps, the aminolysis reaction of vinyl expoxides with ally1 amine, the ring-closing metathesis of the resulting diene, syndihydroxylation of the 2,5-dihydropyrrole product and finally ring closure to give the pyrrolizidine nucleus were successfully developed. Chapter 3 …

Trade Liberalisation And Manufacturing Performance In Thailand 1990-2000, Phalla Phan

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

Thailand initiated trade liberalisation in the early 1970s by reducing import restrictions. These liberalisations were not consistently implemented because the government used tariffs to correct trade deficit and impose fiscal constraint. However, the breakthrough in liberalisation came in the early 1990s, as the government was under pressure from both external factors, such as participation in WTO, AFTA and APEC, and internal factors, such as demands to promote competitiveness and efficiency of the manufacturing sector. The tariff rates of many products were reduced significantly, and both nominal and effective rates of protection began to decline for the first time. The major …

On Rights, Duties And Vulnerability: Assessing The Role Of Human Rights In The Care And Protection Of Vulnerable People, Tony S. Jones

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

When we are confronted with vulnerable people, with those groups and individuals who are impaired with respect to their ability to function as the rational, autonomous and moral agents that we typically take humans to be, we are encouraged to invoke notions of rights, and in particular notions of human rights, in order to secure their care and protection. Such an approach seeks not simply to reinforce the view that vulnerable people are the moral equivalents of us all and thus are entitled to an equal moral consideration, but also this approach recognises that to be vulnerable is often to …

A Practical Investigation Into How Education Providers Can Effectively Exploit Web Services, Dong Ding

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

This research is a practical investigation into how education providers can effectively exploit Web Services. The aim is to help IT managers, administrators and developers who are involved in the provision of education to understand the requirements of web services, and to tap their full potential. Such a goal was achieved by analyzing answers to the following questions: 1. Are Web Services expected to become a crucial part of the IT infrastructure for education providers? 2. How can education providers effectively exploit Web Services in practice? Like it or not, it is an indisputable fact that today's education is becoming …

On Information Hiding Techniques For Digital Images, Gareth Charles Brisbane

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

In the era before digital devices, information was in part protected by the cost of duplication. However, as information is more commonly stored to and recovered from digital devices, its duplication becomes trivial. In recent years there has been an increasing amount of research into methods for embedding hidden information into items stored in digital formats. This information can then be used for a range of purposes, including content protection, traitor tracing, authentication and covert communications. In this thesis we exclusively consider the case of information hiding techniques for digital images. We address four problems in this research area: · …

China's Response To International Fisheries Law And Policy: National Action And Regional Cooperation, Guifang Xue

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

The global fisheries crisis has been of great concern to the international community, and has led to the adoption of a series of instruments under the fisheries framework of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOSC). These post-LOSC fisheries instruments include the Agreement to Promote Compliance with International Conservation and Management Measures by Fishing Vessels on the High Seas (Compliance Agreement); the Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 Relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly …

Fisheries Biology, Ecology And Recreational Harvesting Of Ghost Shrimp (Trypaea Australiensis) In South-Eastern Australia, Douglas Rotherham

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

Burrowing ghost shrimp, Trypaea australiensis Dana 1852, are a popular bait organism harvested from estuarine intertidal sediments in eastern Australia by recreational and commercial fishers. Previous investigations concerning the biology and ecology of this species have been limited in this region, particularly for south-eastern Australia. Despite considerable public concern about the species, catches of T. australiensis are largely unregulated, at least partly because there has been virtually no data to support the development of appropriate management strategies. The present research was initiated to address the lack of baseline data on the fisheries biology, ecology and recreational harvesting of T. australiensis, …

The Role Of Local Government In The Conservation Of Biodiversity, Andrew Harley Heron Kelly

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

This thesis comprises a critical review of the role of Local Government in the conservation of biological diversity (or ‘biodiversity’). Whilst the vast majority of the text relates to NSW, much of the broader commentary may extend to other Australian jurisdictions. The nub of the thesis is that despite the rhetoric in key documents – including the National Strategy for the Conservation of Australia’s Biological Diversity, the NSW Biodiversity Strategy, the National Local Government Biodiversity Strategy and various plans and policies made at the municipal level – the outlook is grim without fundamental policy, legal and fiscal change. The topic …

Welding Fume Plume Dispersion, Geoffrey Reginald Slater

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

The main concern with welding processes has in the past, generally, concentrated on productivity and quality. However, the occupational health of the welder has become a major focal area in the last decade, and the working environment of the welder is becoming a more important area of investigation. One particular area of interest is the amount of fume present in the operator’s breathing zone. With the potentially hazardous material present in the breathing environment of the welder, an effective method of controlling this airborne contaminant must be adopted to limit exposure levels to within occupational health and safety limits and …

Investigating The Phonological Similarity Effect: Implications For Short-Term Memory Models, Lisa M. Nimmo

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

The current thesis examined the effect that phonological similarity has on short-term memory (STM) performance. Across nine experiments, the predictions that two classes of STM models (non-linguistic and psycholinguisitic) generate for the effect that phonological similarity has on the recall of item information and memory for an items position in a list were tested. In the current thesis, phonological similarity was operationally defined in a number of different ways. For instance, lists of consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) words and nonwords, rhymed (shared VC component), shared the initial consonant and vowel (CV_component) or shared the two consonants (C_C component). Performance across these conditions …

Viewpoints Consistency Management Using Belief Merging Operators, Q. Lin

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

Handling inconsistent requirement specifications is a critical and difficult issue in requirements engineering. There has been considerable research interest in this topic and many methods have been proposed and implemented in the past. This research aims at developing an approach to view point merging for inconsistent management. The recent literature on belief merging provides several well defined merging operators that can be useful for viewpoints merging. This research has implemented a system for merging viewpoints specified as finite state models, in order to demonstrate that belief merging operators can indeed be the basis for viewpoints merging. We extend the state …

Landau Spectra Of Znh And Neutral Zn In Germanium, Keiichi Ishida

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

Far-infrared absorption spectroscopy was carried out on samples of germanium cut from single-crystal ingots doped with zinc. The ingots were grown in a hydrogen atmosphere and hence also contained the axial complex ZnH. Landau studies were made in the Voigt configuration for both the acceptors neutral zinc, Zn(superscript 0), and ZnH with B oriented along (less than)100(greater than) crystallographic directions. Measurements were made in a super-conducting magnet with field strengths up to 6 T for both ZnH and Zn(superscript 0) using a modified slow-scan Polytec FTIR spectrometer. The incident radiation was plane polarised either parallel or perpendicular to the field. …

John Perceval: An Ethical Representation Of A Delinquent Angel, David Blackall

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

This dissertation accompanies two versions of a one-hour documentary, Delinquent Angel. The filmmaking process, arriving eventually at the second and broadcast version, saw the film receive considerable acclaim. Despite this, the process in making Delinquent Angel was fraught with legal and ethical dilemmas at nearly all stages of production. The enclosed film therefore became a best case study for this PhD, which might otherwise be entitled: “Non-fiction Filmmaking: How to Minimize Harm in a Dangerous Profession”. The PhD asserts that if ethical standards are met in filmmaking, or indeed television journalism, it is more likely that costly legal problems may …

Measurement And Meaning Of Core Relationship Theme Changes During Psychotherapy, Lisa Parker

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

Through the investigation of two related Core Conflictual Relationship Theme (CCRT) methodologies, this study continued to contest the notion the field of psychoanalysis is bereft of empirical ventures. The Quantitative Assessment of Interpersonal Themes (QUAINT) and Core Conflictual Relationship Theme - Leipzig/Ulm (CCRT-LU) systems were applied to psychotherapy transcripts from the treatment of seventeen patients who had attended multiple sessions per week of longterm psychoanalysis. The thematic profiles of each method were modified to facilitate a direct comparison of the methodological structures, including the coding system. The investigation reported on the strengths and weaknesses of each system. The QUAINT and …

Emotional Competence And Relationship Satisfaction: Identifying Skills That May Be Essential To Having A Happy And Intimate Relationship, Cindy Nour

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

What emotional skills do people need to have a satisfying, close personal relationship? Two studies examined the relationship between measures of emotional competence and relationship satisfaction. The four aspects of emotional competence examined were effective social and emotional problem solving, accurate identification and describing of emotions, adaptive expression of emotions and effective management of emotions. 421 university students participated in study 1 (322 females; 99 males). 232 of these participants were in a relationship and 71 partners responded. 409 university students participated in study 2 (327 females; 82 males). 209 of these participants were in a relationship and 93 partners …

Analysis Of Lithic Artefact Microdebitage For Chronological Determination Of Archaeological Sites, George J. Susino

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

This study explores the use of several different techniques to isolate and determine the age of lithic microdebitage in relation to archaeological deposits and associated sediments. Quartz microdebitage was identified on the basis of surface features and roundness index by applying scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical stereomicroscopy to archaeologically relevant sediments. Characteristics of the quartz microdebitage were compared with quartz grains from the same sedimentary layer. The observation of diagnostic features on quartz grains made it possible to discriminate between microdebitage and sedimentary background.

This investigation has established that microdebitage particles under 500 μm diameter are not easily resolved …

Beyond The P300: Target And Non-Target Erp Components In Schizophrenia, Kerri J. Brown

University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 1954-2016

The P300 component of the auditory ERP elicited to target stimuli has been extensively investigated as a potential psychophysiological marker in schizophrenia. Theoretical and empirical evidence is presented, suggesting the earlier components (N100, P200) to both target and non-target stimuli may better capture information processing deficits currently proposed to be central to schizophrenia. The thesis comprises 4 studies. Study 1 demonstrated deficits to non-target (reduced N100 amplitude, earlier P200 latency), in addition to target stimuli (reduced and earlier N100 amplitude, increased P200 amplitude), in schizophrenia (n = 40) compared with matched normal controls. The schizophrenia group was also characterised by …