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Reframing Conservation Physiology To Be More Inclusive, Integrative, Relevant And Forward-Looking: Reflections And A Horizon Scan, Steven J. Cooke, Christine L. Madliger, Rebecca L. Cramp, John Beardall, Gary Burness, Steve L. Chown, Timothy D. Clark, Ben Dantzer, Erick De La Barrera, Nann A. Fangue, Craig E. Franklin, Andrea Fuller, Lucy A. Hawkes, Kevin R. Hultine, Kathleen E. Hunt, Oliver P. Love, Heath A. Macmillan, John W. Mandelman, Felix C. Mark, Lynn B. Martin, Amy E.M Newman, Adrienne Nicotra, Sharon A. Robinson, Yan Ropert-Coudert, Jodie L. Rummer, Frank Seebacher, Anne E. Todgham
Reframing Conservation Physiology To Be More Inclusive, Integrative, Relevant And Forward-Looking: Reflections And A Horizon Scan, Steven J. Cooke, Christine L. Madliger, Rebecca L. Cramp, John Beardall, Gary Burness, Steve L. Chown, Timothy D. Clark, Ben Dantzer, Erick De La Barrera, Nann A. Fangue, Craig E. Franklin, Andrea Fuller, Lucy A. Hawkes, Kevin R. Hultine, Kathleen E. Hunt, Oliver P. Love, Heath A. Macmillan, John W. Mandelman, Felix C. Mark, Lynn B. Martin, Amy E.M Newman, Adrienne Nicotra, Sharon A. Robinson, Yan Ropert-Coudert, Jodie L. Rummer, Frank Seebacher, Anne E. Todgham
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Applying physiological tools, knowledge and concepts to understand conservation problems (i.e. conservation physiology) has become commonplace and confers an ability to understand mechanistic processes, develop predictive models and identify cause-and-effect relationships. Conservation physiology is making contributions to conservation solutions; the number of ‘success stories’ is growing, but there remain unexplored opportunities for which conservation physiology shows immense promise and has the potential to contribute to major advances in protecting and restoring biodiversity. Here, we consider how conservation physiology has evolved with a focus on reframing the discipline to be more inclusive and integrative. Using a ‘horizon scan’, we further explore …
A Methodology To Estimate Net Proton: Phosphorus Co-Adsorption Ratios For Acidic Soils, Paul Taglieri, Paul Milham, Paul Holford, R John Morrison
A Methodology To Estimate Net Proton: Phosphorus Co-Adsorption Ratios For Acidic Soils, Paul Taglieri, Paul Milham, Paul Holford, R John Morrison
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Despite extensive research, the behaviour of the key nutrient element, phosphorus (P), in soil is not yet fully understood. This study focussed on the outstanding issue of the co-adsorption of protons (H+) and P by soils. We developed a congruent set of measures to determine the net H+:P co-adsorption ratio and tested it on goethite, for which a ratio of 1.6:1 had been estimated under CO2-free conditions for additions of NaH2PO4. Under our conditions, and using additions of KH2PO4, the net H+:P co-adsorption ratio was estimated to be 1.44:1, i.e., in passable agreement with the published value. Application of the …
Likeness, Familiarity, And The Ambient Portrait Average, Susan Hayes, Peter Caputi, T Zaracostas, Maggie Henderson, Julie Telenta, Elspeth Mccombe, Kim Christopher, Emma Calvert, Donna Abbati, Odette Smith, Emma Medwell, Joyce Wilcock
Likeness, Familiarity, And The Ambient Portrait Average, Susan Hayes, Peter Caputi, T Zaracostas, Maggie Henderson, Julie Telenta, Elspeth Mccombe, Kim Christopher, Emma Calvert, Donna Abbati, Odette Smith, Emma Medwell, Joyce Wilcock
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
© The Author(s) 2020. This artist-led research project involved 10 visual artists producing 10 ambient portraits and a portrait average of a locally familiar Sitter, and 10 ambient portraits and a portrait average of a less locally familiar Sitter. All were then assessed for likeness by more than 150 members of the general public attending an exhibition during Australia’s 2018 National Science Week. The results of this study are that portrait averages can be highly shape accurate and tend to be seen as a good likeness by all viewers. However, the portrait average is not necessarily the best likeness. Extending …
If Human Brain Organoids Are The Answer To Understanding Dementia, What Are The Questions?, Lezanne Ooi, Mirella Dottori, Anthony Cook, Martin Engel, Vini Gautam, Alexandra Grubman, Damián Hernández, Anna King, Simon Maksour, Helena Targa Dias Anastacio, Rachelle Balez, Alice Pebay, Colin Pouton, Michael Valenzuela, Anthony White, Robert Williamson
If Human Brain Organoids Are The Answer To Understanding Dementia, What Are The Questions?, Lezanne Ooi, Mirella Dottori, Anthony Cook, Martin Engel, Vini Gautam, Alexandra Grubman, Damián Hernández, Anna King, Simon Maksour, Helena Targa Dias Anastacio, Rachelle Balez, Alice Pebay, Colin Pouton, Michael Valenzuela, Anthony White, Robert Williamson
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
© The Author(s) 2020. Because our beliefs regarding our individuality, autonomy, and personhood are intimately bound up with our brains, there is a public fascination with cerebral organoids, the “mini-brain,” the “brain in a dish”. At the same time, the ethical issues around organoids are only now being explored. What are the prospects of using human cerebral organoids to better understand, treat, or prevent dementia? Will human organoids represent an improvement on the current, less-than-satisfactory, animal models? When considering these questions, two major issues arise. One is the general challenge associated with using any stem cell–generated preparation for in vitro …
Examining And Adapting The Psychometric Properties Of The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Health Services Survey (Mbi-Hss) Among Healthcare Professionals, Abbas S. Al Mutair, Alya Mutairi, Hiba Chagla, Khalid Alawam, Khulud Alsalman, Azeem Ali
Examining And Adapting The Psychometric Properties Of The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Health Services Survey (Mbi-Hss) Among Healthcare Professionals, Abbas S. Al Mutair, Alya Mutairi, Hiba Chagla, Khalid Alawam, Khulud Alsalman, Azeem Ali
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Burnout is known to negatively impact healthcare providers both physically and mentally and is assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). Many versions of this tool have been developed for different parts of the world, but there is currently no valid version specifically designed for use in the Gulf Cooperation Council Region. This study aims to use data collected across six different regions in the Gulf Cooperation Council Region to assess the validity and reliability of the MBI-HSS model and develop a version of the MBI-HSS best suited for evaluating burnout levels among the healthcare providers in this …
Localized Outbreaks Of Coral Disease On Arabian Reefs Are Linked To Extreme Temperatures And Environmental Stressors, Greta Aeby, Emily J. Howells, Thierry Work, David Abrego, Gareth Williams, Lisa Wedding, Jamie Caldwell, Monica Moritsch, John Burt
Localized Outbreaks Of Coral Disease On Arabian Reefs Are Linked To Extreme Temperatures And Environmental Stressors, Greta Aeby, Emily J. Howells, Thierry Work, David Abrego, Gareth Williams, Lisa Wedding, Jamie Caldwell, Monica Moritsch, John Burt
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
The Arabian Peninsula borders the hottest reefs in the world, and corals living in these extreme environments can provide insight into the effects of warming on coral health and disease. Here, we examined coral reef health at 17 sites across three regions along the northeastern Arabian Peninsula (Persian Gulf, Strait of Hormuz and Oman Sea) representing a gradient of environmental conditions. The Persian Gulf has extreme seasonal fluctuations in temperature and chronic hypersalinity, whereas the other two regions experience more moderate conditions. Field surveys identified 13 coral diseases including tissue loss diseases of unknown etiology (white syndromes) in Porites, Platygyra, …
Examining The Response Of An Eastern Australian Mangrove Forest To Changes In Hydro-Period Over The Last Century, Samuel K. Marx, Jon Knight, Patrick Dwyer, David Child, Michael Hotchkis, Atun Zawadzki
Examining The Response Of An Eastern Australian Mangrove Forest To Changes In Hydro-Period Over The Last Century, Samuel K. Marx, Jon Knight, Patrick Dwyer, David Child, Michael Hotchkis, Atun Zawadzki
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd This study examines mangrove substrate production within a mangrove basin forest in the Tweed Estuary, northern New South Wales, Australia. This is achieved using high resolution dating of 239+240Pu, 236U and 210Pb in mangrove sediments to examine both the modes and rates of mangrove substrate production. Results show a shift in the mode of substrate production occurred approximately 70 years ago in response to human modification of the Tweed Estuary (hydrologic changes). At that time, mangrove substrate production shifted from being dominated by sedimentation processes (fine silt accumulation) to being dominated by biological processes (mangrove root …
Discrimination Between Protonation Isomers Of Quinazoline By Ion Mobility And Uv-Photodissociation Action Spectroscopy, Samuel Marlton, Benjamin Mckinnon, Boris Ucur, James Bezzina, Stephen Blanksby, Adam J. Trevitt
Discrimination Between Protonation Isomers Of Quinazoline By Ion Mobility And Uv-Photodissociation Action Spectroscopy, Samuel Marlton, Benjamin Mckinnon, Boris Ucur, James Bezzina, Stephen Blanksby, Adam J. Trevitt
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
The influence of oriented electric fields on chemical reactivity and photochemistry is an area of increasing interest. Within a molecule, different protonation sites offer the opportunity to control the location of charge and thus orientation of electric fields. New techniques are thus needed to discriminate between protonation isomers in order to understand this effect. This investigation reports the UV-photodissociation action spectroscopy of two protonation isomers (protomers) of 1,3-diazanaphthalene (quinazoline) arising from protonation of a nitrogen at either the 1- or 3-position. It is shown that these protomers are separable by field-asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) with confirmation provided by UV-photodissociation …
Coastal Wetland Mapping Using Ensemble Learning Algorithms: A Comparative Study Of Bagging, Boosting And Stacking Techniques, Li Wen, Michael Hughes
Coastal Wetland Mapping Using Ensemble Learning Algorithms: A Comparative Study Of Bagging, Boosting And Stacking Techniques, Li Wen, Michael Hughes
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Coastal wetlands are a critical component of the coastal landscape that are increasingly threatened by sea level rise and other human disturbance. Periodically mapping wetland distribution is crucial to coastal ecosystem management. Ensemble algorithms (EL), such as random forest (RF) and gradient boosting machine (GBM) algorithms, are now commonly applied in the field of remote sensing. However, the performance and potential of other EL methods, such as extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and bagged trees, are rarely compared and tested for coastal wetland mapping. In this study, we applied the three most widely used EL techniques (i.e., bagging, boosting and stacking) …
Mapping The Shoreface Of Coastal Sediment Compartments To Improve Shoreline Change Forecasts In New South Wales, Australia, Michael A. Kinsela, David J. Hanslow, Rafael Cabral Carvalho, Michelle Linklater, Timothy C. Ingleton, Bradley D. Morris, Katie M. Allen, Michael D. Sutherland, Colin D. Woodroffe
Mapping The Shoreface Of Coastal Sediment Compartments To Improve Shoreline Change Forecasts In New South Wales, Australia, Michael A. Kinsela, David J. Hanslow, Rafael Cabral Carvalho, Michelle Linklater, Timothy C. Ingleton, Bradley D. Morris, Katie M. Allen, Michael D. Sutherland, Colin D. Woodroffe
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
© 2020, The Author(s). The potential response of shoreface depositional environments to sea level rise over the present century and beyond remains poorly understood. The shoreface is shaped by wave action across a sedimentary seabed and may aggrade or deflate depending on the balance between time-averaged wave energy and the availability and character of sediment, within the context of the inherited geological control. For embayed and accommodation-dominated coastal settings, where shoreline change is particularly sensitive to cross-shore sediment transport, whether the shoreface is a source or sink for coastal sediment during rising sea level may be a crucial determinant of …
Use Of Curcumin In Multiple Myeloma Patients Intolerant Of Steroid Therapy, Raj Ramakrishna, Terrence H. Diamond, William Alexander, Arumugam Manoharan, Terry Golombick
Use Of Curcumin In Multiple Myeloma Patients Intolerant Of Steroid Therapy, Raj Ramakrishna, Terrence H. Diamond, William Alexander, Arumugam Manoharan, Terry Golombick
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Curcumin, when used in a combination regimen in multiple myeloma patients, has comparable progression-free survival without the adverse effects of steroid-based combination therapies that is curcumin may be a viable alternative to corticosteroids in combination with an immunomodulatory drug or proteasome inhibitor.
Complex Mortuary Dynamics In The Upper Paleolithic Of The Decorated Grotte De Cussac, France, Sacha Kacki, Erik Trinkaus, Eline M.J. Schotsmans, Patrice Courtaud, Irene Dori, Bruno Dutailly, Pierre Guyomarc'h, Pascal Mora, Vitale S. Sparacello, Sebastien Villotte
Complex Mortuary Dynamics In The Upper Paleolithic Of The Decorated Grotte De Cussac, France, Sacha Kacki, Erik Trinkaus, Eline M.J. Schotsmans, Patrice Courtaud, Irene Dori, Bruno Dutailly, Pierre Guyomarc'h, Pascal Mora, Vitale S. Sparacello, Sebastien Villotte
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
The Mid-Upper Paleolithic (Gravettian) karstic Grotte de Cussac (France) contains two areas of human remains in the context of abundant (and spectacular) parietal engravings. The first area (loci 1 and 2) includes the skeleton of a young adult male in a bear nest, rearranged by postdecomposition inundation, and the variably fragmentary remains of at least two individuals distributed across two bear nests, sorted anatomically and with most of the elements constrained to one side of one nest. The second area (locus 3) retains remains of two adults and an adolescent, in upper hollows and variably distributed down the slope, largely …
Papuan Mitochondrial Genomes And The Settlement Of Sahul, Nicole Pedro, Nicolas Brucato, Veronica Fernandes, Mathilde Andre, Lauri Saag, William Pomat, Celine Besse, Anne Boland, Jean Deleuze, Christopher J. Clarkson, Herawati Sudoyo, Mait Metspalu, Mark Stoneking, Murray Cox, Matthew Leavesley, Luisa Pereira, Francois Ricaut
Papuan Mitochondrial Genomes And The Settlement Of Sahul, Nicole Pedro, Nicolas Brucato, Veronica Fernandes, Mathilde Andre, Lauri Saag, William Pomat, Celine Besse, Anne Boland, Jean Deleuze, Christopher J. Clarkson, Herawati Sudoyo, Mait Metspalu, Mark Stoneking, Murray Cox, Matthew Leavesley, Luisa Pereira, Francois Ricaut
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
New Guineans represent one of the oldest locally continuous populations outside Africa, harboring among the greatest linguistic and genetic diversity on the planet. Archeological and genetic evidence suggest that their ancestors reached Sahul (present day New Guinea and Australia) by at least 55,000 years ago (kya). However, little is known about this early settlement phase or subsequent dispersal and population structuring over the subsequent period of time. Here we report 379 complete Papuan mitochondrial genomes from across Papua New Guinea, which allow us to reconstruct the phylogenetic and phylogeographic history of northern Sahul. Our results support the arrival of two …
High Variability In Erythrocyte, Plasma And Whole Blood Epa And Dha Levels In Response To Supplementation, Cassandra Sparkes, Andrew J. Sinclair, Robert A. Gibson, Paul Else, Barbara J. Meyer
High Variability In Erythrocyte, Plasma And Whole Blood Epa And Dha Levels In Response To Supplementation, Cassandra Sparkes, Andrew J. Sinclair, Robert A. Gibson, Paul Else, Barbara J. Meyer
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Aim: the aim of this secondary analysis was to report the variability in response to n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) supplementation in erythrocytes, plasma and whole blood of a previously published dose response study. Methods: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of parallel design was conducted, whereby pre-menopausal women were randomly assigned to consume 0, 0.35, 0.7 or 1 g/day of supplemental eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Fasted blood samples were taken at baseline and after eight weeks intervention. Erythrocyte, plasma and whole blood fatty acids were extracted using the method of Lepage and Roy and analysed …
Relationships Between Depressive Symptoms, Other Psychological Symptoms, And Quality Of Life, Ai Ling Tang, Susan J. Thomas
Relationships Between Depressive Symptoms, Other Psychological Symptoms, And Quality Of Life, Ai Ling Tang, Susan J. Thomas
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Depressive disorders are common, heterogeneous conditions involving physical and psychological symptoms, and substantial impairment in quality of life (QoL). However, relationships between depressive symptoms and QoL are poorly understood, and little research has directly compared relationships between subtypes of depressive symptoms, other psychological symptoms and QoL. This research aimed to examine how symptoms of depression and other mental health conditions are related to QoL. Participants (N=559) completed the World Health Organization Quality of Life - BREF questionnaire, demographic information, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory II, and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales. Relationships between psychological symptoms and …
Development Of A Single-Stranded Dna-Binding Protein Fluorescent Fusion Toolbox, Katarzyna Dubiel, Camille Henry, Lisanne Maria Spenkelink, Alexander Kozlov, Elizabeth Wood, Slobodan Jergic, Nicholas E. Dixon, Antoine M. Van Oijen, Michael M. Cox, Timothy Lohman, Steven Sandler, James L. Keck
Development Of A Single-Stranded Dna-Binding Protein Fluorescent Fusion Toolbox, Katarzyna Dubiel, Camille Henry, Lisanne Maria Spenkelink, Alexander Kozlov, Elizabeth Wood, Slobodan Jergic, Nicholas E. Dixon, Antoine M. Van Oijen, Michael M. Cox, Timothy Lohman, Steven Sandler, James L. Keck
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research. Bacterial single-stranded DNA-binding proteins (SSBs) bind single-stranded DNA and help to recruit heterologous proteins to their sites of action. SSBs perform these essential functions through a modular structural architecture: the N-terminal domain comprises a DNA binding/tetramerization element whereas the C-terminus forms an intrinsically disordered linker (IDL) capped by a protein-interacting SSB-Ct motif. Here we examine the activities of SSB-IDL fusion proteins in which fluorescent domains are inserted within the IDL of Escherichia coli SSB. The SSB-IDL fusions maintain DNA and protein binding activities in vitro, …
Discovery Of Cephalosporin-3'-Diazeniumdiolates That Show Dual Antibacterial And Antibiofilm Effects Against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Clinical Cystic Fibrosis Isolates And Efficacy In A Murine Respiratory Infection Model, Ardeshir Rineh, Odel Soren, Timothy Mcewan, Vikashini Ravikumar, Wee Poh, Fereshteh Azamifar, M Naimi-Jamal, Chen Cheung, Alysha Elliott, Johannes Zuegg, Mark Blaskovich, Matthew Cooper, Victoria Dolange, Myron Christodoulides, Gregory Cook, Scott A. Rice, Saul Faust, Jeremy Webb, Michael J. Kelso
Discovery Of Cephalosporin-3'-Diazeniumdiolates That Show Dual Antibacterial And Antibiofilm Effects Against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Clinical Cystic Fibrosis Isolates And Efficacy In A Murine Respiratory Infection Model, Ardeshir Rineh, Odel Soren, Timothy Mcewan, Vikashini Ravikumar, Wee Poh, Fereshteh Azamifar, M Naimi-Jamal, Chen Cheung, Alysha Elliott, Johannes Zuegg, Mark Blaskovich, Matthew Cooper, Victoria Dolange, Myron Christodoulides, Gregory Cook, Scott A. Rice, Saul Faust, Jeremy Webb, Michael J. Kelso
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
The formation of biofilms provides a formidable defense for many bacteria against antibiotics and host immune responses. As a consequence, biofilms are thought to be the root cause of most chronic infections, including those occurring on medical indwelling devices, endocarditis, urinary tract infections, diabetic and burn wounds, and bone and joint infections. In cystic fibrosis (CF), chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) respiratory infections are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in adults. Previous studies have shown that many bacteria can undergo a coordinated dispersal event in the presence of low concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), suggesting that NO could …
Intramolecular Interception Of The Newman-Kwart Rearrangement By Carboxylic Acids, Timothy Ablott, Mitchell Fishburn, David Turner, Christopher Richardson
Intramolecular Interception Of The Newman-Kwart Rearrangement By Carboxylic Acids, Timothy Ablott, Mitchell Fishburn, David Turner, Christopher Richardson
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd Instead of undergoing the Newman-Kwart rearrangement, thermally-promoted reactions of O-aryl dimethylthiocarbamates featuring ortho-carboxylic acid substituents result in the loss of carbonylsulfide and formation of N,N-dimethylsalicylamides in high yields.
Half A Century Of Bacteriophage Lambda Recombinase: In Vitro Studies Of Lambda Exonuclease And Red-Beta Annealase, Jodi L. Brewster, Gökhan Tolun
Half A Century Of Bacteriophage Lambda Recombinase: In Vitro Studies Of Lambda Exonuclease And Red-Beta Annealase, Jodi L. Brewster, Gökhan Tolun
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
© 2020 The Authors. IUBMB Life published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. DNA recombination, replication, and repair are intrinsically interconnected processes. From viruses to humans, they are ubiquitous and essential to all life on Earth. Single-strand annealing homologous DNA recombination is a major mechanism for the repair of double-stranded DNA breaks. An exonuclease and an annealase work in tandem, forming a complex known as a two-component recombinase. Redβ annealase and λ-exonuclease from phage lambda form the archetypal two-component recombinase complex. In this short review article, we highlight some of the in …
The Acute Physiological Responses Of Eccentric Cycling During The Recovery Periods Of A High Intensity Concentric Cycling Interval Session, Amelia Harrison, Catriona A. Burdon, Herb Groeller, Gregory E. Peoples
The Acute Physiological Responses Of Eccentric Cycling During The Recovery Periods Of A High Intensity Concentric Cycling Interval Session, Amelia Harrison, Catriona A. Burdon, Herb Groeller, Gregory E. Peoples
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Eccentric and concentric exercise is associated with disparate acute and chronic responses. We uniquely interspersed workload equivalent eccentric cycling during each recovery period of a high intensity interval training (HIIT) cycling trial to determine acute cardiopulmonary, thermal and psycho-physiological responses. Twelve males [age 28 years (SD 6), peak oxygen consumption 48 mL ⋅ kg-1 ⋅ min-1 (SD 6)] completed two high intensity interval cycling trials [4 x 5 min, 60% peak power output (PPO)] separated by 7-10 days. The CONR trial required participants to cycle concentrically during each recovery period (5 min, 30% PPO). The ECCR trial modified the recovery …
Isolation Of Circulating Tumor Cells From Glioblastoma Patients By Direct Immunomagnetic Targeting, David Lynch, Branka Powter, Joseph Po, Adam Cooper, Celine Garrett, Eng Koh, Mark Sheridan, James Van Gelder, Balsam Darwish, Simon Mckechnie, Renata Bazina, Matthias Jaeger, Tara Roberts, Paul De Souza, Therese Becker
Isolation Of Circulating Tumor Cells From Glioblastoma Patients By Direct Immunomagnetic Targeting, David Lynch, Branka Powter, Joseph Po, Adam Cooper, Celine Garrett, Eng Koh, Mark Sheridan, James Van Gelder, Balsam Darwish, Simon Mckechnie, Renata Bazina, Matthias Jaeger, Tara Roberts, Paul De Souza, Therese Becker
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common form of primary brain cancer in adults and tissue biopsies for diagnostic purposes are often inaccessible. The postulated idea that brain cancer cells cannot pass the blood-brain barrier to form circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has recently been overthrown and CTCs have been detected in the blood of GBM patients albeit in low numbers. Given the potential of CTCs to be analyzed for GBM biomarkers that may guide therapy decisions it is important to define methods to better isolate these cells. Here, we determined markers for immunomagnetic targeting and isolation of GBM-CTCs and confirmed their …
Curdlan Prevents The Cognitive Deficits Induced By A High-Fat Diet In Mice Via The Gut-Brain Axis, Xiaoying Yang, Mingxuan Zheng, Shanshan Hao, Hongli Shi, Danhong Lin, Xi Chen, Alec Becvarovski, Wei Pan, Peng Zhang, Minmin Hu, Xu-Feng Huang, Kuiyang Zheng, Yinghua Yu
Curdlan Prevents The Cognitive Deficits Induced By A High-Fat Diet In Mice Via The Gut-Brain Axis, Xiaoying Yang, Mingxuan Zheng, Shanshan Hao, Hongli Shi, Danhong Lin, Xi Chen, Alec Becvarovski, Wei Pan, Peng Zhang, Minmin Hu, Xu-Feng Huang, Kuiyang Zheng, Yinghua Yu
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
A high-fat (HF) diet is a major predisposing factor of neuroinflammation and cognitive deficits. Recently, changes in the gut microbiota have been associated with neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment, through the gut-brain axis. Curdlan, a bacterial polysaccharide widely used as food additive, has the potential to alter the composition of the microbiota and improve the gut-brain axis. However, the effects of curdlan against HF diet-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive decline have not been investigated. We aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect and mechanism of dietary curdlan supplementation against the obesity-associated cognitive decline observed in mice fed a HF diet. C57Bl/6J male mice …
Assessment Of Periprostatic And Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Lipolysis And Adipocyte Size From Men With Localized Prostate Cancer, Dushan Miladinovic, Thomas Cusick, Kate Mahon, Anne Haynes, Colin H. Cortie, Barbara J. Meyer, Phillip Stricker, Gary Wittert, Lisa Butler, Lisa Horvath, Andrew Hoy
Assessment Of Periprostatic And Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Lipolysis And Adipocyte Size From Men With Localized Prostate Cancer, Dushan Miladinovic, Thomas Cusick, Kate Mahon, Anne Haynes, Colin H. Cortie, Barbara J. Meyer, Phillip Stricker, Gary Wittert, Lisa Butler, Lisa Horvath, Andrew Hoy
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
The prostate is surrounded by periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT), the thickness of which has been associated with more aggressive prostate cancer (PCa). There are limited data regarding the functional characteristics of PPAT, how it compares to subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and whether in a setting of localized PCa, these traits are altered by obesity or disease aggressiveness. PPAT and SAT were collected from 60 men (age: 42-78 years, BMI: 21.3-35.6 kg/m2) undergoing total prostatectomy for PCa. Compared to SAT, adipocytes in PPAT were smaller, had the same basal rates of fatty acid release (lipolysis) yet released less polyunsaturated fatty acid …
Does Vitamin D Play A Role In The Management Of Covid-19 In Brazil?, Helena Ribeiro, Keila Santana, Sofia Oliver, Patricia Rondo, Marcela Mendes, Karen E. Charlton, Susan Lanham-New
Does Vitamin D Play A Role In The Management Of Covid-19 In Brazil?, Helena Ribeiro, Keila Santana, Sofia Oliver, Patricia Rondo, Marcela Mendes, Karen E. Charlton, Susan Lanham-New
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
The study discusses the possible role of adequate vitamin D status in plasma or serum for preventing acute respiratory infections during the Covid-19 pandemic. Our arguments respond to an article, published in Italy, that describes the high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in older Italian women and raises the possible preventive and therapeutic role of optimal vitamin D levels. Based on literature review, we highlight the findings regarding the protective role of vitamin D for infectious diseases of the respiratory system. However, randomized controlled trials are currently lacking. Adequate vitamin D status is obtained from sun exposure and foods rich in …
Heterogeneity In Clinical Research Data Quality Monitoring: A National Survey, Lauren Houston, Ping Yu, Allison Martin, Yasmine Probst
Heterogeneity In Clinical Research Data Quality Monitoring: A National Survey, Lauren Houston, Ping Yu, Allison Martin, Yasmine Probst
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Introduction Clinical research is vital in the discovery of new medical knowledge and reducing disease risk in humans. In clinical research poor data quality is one of the major problems, affecting data integrity and the generalisability of the research findings. To achieve high quality data, guidance needs to be provided to clinical studies on the collection, processing and handling of data. However, clinical trials are implementing ad hoc, pragmatic approaches to ensure data quality. This study aims to explore the procedures for ensuring data quality in Australian clinical research studies. Material and methods We conducted a national cross-sectional, mixed-mode multi-contact …
Plate Tectonics And Mantle Controls On Plume Dynamics, Maelis Arnould, Nicolas Coltice, Nicolas Flament, Claire Mallard
Plate Tectonics And Mantle Controls On Plume Dynamics, Maelis Arnould, Nicolas Coltice, Nicolas Flament, Claire Mallard
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
© 2020 Elsevier B.V. Mantle plumes provide valuable information about whole-mantle convection: they originate at the core-mantle boundary, cross Earth's mantle and interact with the lithosphere. For instance, it has been proposed that the mobility/stability of plumes depends on plume intrinsic properties, on how slabs interact with the basal boundary layer, on mantle flow, or on their proximity to mid-ocean ridges. Here, we use 3D-spherical models of mantle convection generating self-consistent plate-like behaviour to investigate the mechanisms linking tectonics and mantle convection to plume dynamics. Our models produce fully-dynamic mantle plumes that rise vertically with deflection 5 cm yr−1 over …
Characterization Of Five Novel Anti-Mrsa Compounds Identified Using A Whole-Animal Caenorhabditis Elegans/Galleria Mellonella Sequential-Screening Approach, Rajamohammed Khader, Nagendran Tharmalingam, Biswajit Mishra, Lewisoscar Felix, Frederick Ausubel, Michael J. Kelso, Eleftherios Mylonakis
Characterization Of Five Novel Anti-Mrsa Compounds Identified Using A Whole-Animal Caenorhabditis Elegans/Galleria Mellonella Sequential-Screening Approach, Rajamohammed Khader, Nagendran Tharmalingam, Biswajit Mishra, Lewisoscar Felix, Frederick Ausubel, Michael J. Kelso, Eleftherios Mylonakis
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. There is a significant need to combat the growing challenge of antibacterial drug resistance. We have previously developed a whole-animal dual-screening platform that first used the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, to identify low-toxicity antibacterial hits in a high-throughput format. The hits were then evaluated in the wax moth caterpillar Galleria mellonella infection model to confirm efficacy and low toxicity at a whole animal level. This multi-host approach is a powerful tool for revealing compounds that show antibacterial effects and relatively low toxicity at the whole organism level. This paper reports the use …
The Impact Of Antimicrobial Stewardship Program Implementation At Four Tertiary Private Hospitals: Results Of A Five-Years Pre-Post Analysis, Awad Al-Omari, Abbas S. Al Mutair, Saad Alhumaid, Samer Salih, Ahmed Alanazi, Hesham Albarsan, Maha Abourayan, Maha Al Subaie
The Impact Of Antimicrobial Stewardship Program Implementation At Four Tertiary Private Hospitals: Results Of A Five-Years Pre-Post Analysis, Awad Al-Omari, Abbas S. Al Mutair, Saad Alhumaid, Samer Salih, Ahmed Alanazi, Hesham Albarsan, Maha Abourayan, Maha Al Subaie
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs have shown to reduce the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and health-care-associated infections (HAIs), and save health-care costs associated with an inappropriate antimicrobial use. The primary objective of this study was to compare the consumption and cost of antimicrobial agents using defined daily dose (DDD) and direct cost of antibiotics before and after the AMS program implementation. Secondary objective was to determine the rate of HAIs [Clostridium difficile (C. difficile), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), and central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) before and after the AMS program implementation. METHODS: This is a pre-post quasi-experimental study. Adult inpatients …
Isolation Of Cftr And Tmem16a Inhibitors From Neorautanenia Mitis (A. Rich) Verdcourt: Potential Lead Compounds For Treatment Of Secretory Diarrhea, Christiana Dawurung, Rattikarn Noitem, Roonglawan Rattanajak, Ratchanu Bunyong, Christopher Richardson, Anthony Willis, Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan, Chantapol Yimnual, Chatchai Muanprasat, Stephen G. Pyne
Isolation Of Cftr And Tmem16a Inhibitors From Neorautanenia Mitis (A. Rich) Verdcourt: Potential Lead Compounds For Treatment Of Secretory Diarrhea, Christiana Dawurung, Rattikarn Noitem, Roonglawan Rattanajak, Ratchanu Bunyong, Christopher Richardson, Anthony Willis, Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan, Chantapol Yimnual, Chatchai Muanprasat, Stephen G. Pyne
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd A phytochemical study on the root extracts of Neorautanenia mitis, a Nigerian medicinal plant used in the management of diarrhea, led to the isolation of one new and 19 known natural products. These compounds and crude extracts were evaluated for Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) Cl− channel and calcium-activated Cl− channel (TMEM16A) inhibitory activities in T84 and Calu-3 cells, respectively. Four compounds namely dolineon, neodulin, pachyrrhizine, and neotenone inhibited cAMP-induced Cl− secretion across T84 cell monolayers with IC50 values of ~0.81 μM, ~2.42 μM, ~2.87 μM, and ~4.66 μM, respectively. Dolineon having the highest inhibitory …
The Effects Of Legume Consumption On Markers Of Glycaemic Control In Individuals With And Without Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Literature Review Of Randomised Controlled Trials, Dale Bielefeld, Sara J. Grafenauer, Anna Rangan
The Effects Of Legume Consumption On Markers Of Glycaemic Control In Individuals With And Without Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Literature Review Of Randomised Controlled Trials, Dale Bielefeld, Sara J. Grafenauer, Anna Rangan
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: Part B
Legumes are a rich source of dietary fibre, plant protein, and low‐Glycaemic Index (GI) carbohydrate. Evidence suggests a positive effect on glycaemic control following a single meal; however, the effects of habitual consumption are less clear. This review aimed to investigate whether medium‐to‐long‐term legume consumption had an effect on markers of glycaemic control in individuals with diabetes mellitus, without diabetes mellitus, or with prediabetes. As per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) protocol, the online databases MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and CINAHL were searched from inception through to 31 March 2020. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) ≥6 weeks …