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Hiv And Minority Youth, Mandakini Sadhir, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major public health problem with the burden of disease increasing in adolescents and young adults particularly among black males and males who have sex with males (MSM).

Hiv Vaccine Acceptability Among High-Risk Drug Users In Appalachia: A Cross-Sectional Study, April M. Young, Ralph J. Diclemente, Daniel S. Halgin, Claire E. Sterk, Jennifer R. Havens

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: A vaccine could substantially impact the HIV epidemic, but inadequate uptake is a serious concern. Unfortunately, people who use drugs, particularly those residing in rural communities, have been underrepresented in previous research on HIV vaccine acceptability. This study examined HIV vaccine acceptability among high-risk drug users in a rural community in the United States.

METHODS: Interviewer-administered questionnaires included questions about risk behavior and attitudes toward HIV vaccination from 433 HIV-negative drug users (76% with history of injection) enrolled in a cohort study in Central Appalachia. HIV vaccine acceptability was measured on a 4-point Likert scale. Generalized linear mixed models …

An Exploration Of Empowerment, Sexual Violence, And Hiv Among Indian Women, Brigid Kyung-Hwa Cecil

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Empowerment plays a major role in sexual violence and HIV among women worldwide. Findings on empowerment in relation to domestic violence or HIV are scarce and are conflicting. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between empowerment and HIV status by means of sexual violence, and to compare this relationship between previously married women (N = 2,658) and currently married women (N = 37,539) living in India. The Baron and Kenny mediated regression model was used, involving simple logistic and multiple logistic regression, drawing from the National Family Health Survey 2005-2006 (NFHS-3). Sexual violence was not found …

Turning The Tide On An Epidemic: A Native Kentuckian Changes The Deadly Trajectory Of Hiv Infection, Dannette Smith Cook

Ex-Patt Magazine

Interview: Dr. Mina Hosseinipour did not know her research would positively change the trajectory of the worldwide HIV epidemic when she graduated with a bachelor’s degree from the University of Kentucky in the early 1990’s.

Identification Of Differential Pharyngeal Cytokine Profiles During Hiv Infection, R. A. P. M. Perera, P. C. S. Tsang, Craig S. Miller, P. Li, M. P. Lee, L. P. Samaranayake

Center for Oral Health Research Presentations

Significantly higher pharyngeal shedding of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is observed during HIV infection. Increased EBV shedding in pharynx is not affected even during highly active antiretroviral theyrapy (HAART). EBV positive monocyte populations have been shown to carry EBV to pharyngeal mucosa. Human cytokine profiles are often altered to facilitate herpes virus infection. Thus pharyngeal cytokine profiles may influence EBV reactivation and shedding during HIV infection. Our objective was to compare 37 pharyngeal cytokine profiles of HIV-seropositive patients who were or were not receiving HAART therapy.

The Role Of Co-Infection In The Spread Of Hiv In Sub-Saharan Africa, Diego Fernando Cuadros

Theses and Dissertations--Biology

The cause of the high HIV prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa is incompletely understood, with heterosexual penile-vaginal transmission proposed as the main mechanism. Heterosexual HIV transmission has a very low probability; further, a single estimation of heterosexual probability of HIV transmission fails to reproduce the variation associated with important biological cofactors. In particular, studies of HIV incidence suggest that co-infection with other infectious diseases influence the HIV transmission, and therefore might substantially vary the pattern of the spread of the infection. To assess the effect of co-infection on the spread of HIV, I developed and analyzed several mathematical and statistical models …

Lipid Nanoparticles With Accessible Nickel As A Vaccine Delivery System For Single And Multiple His-Tagged Hiv Antigens, Weili Yan, Anekant Jain, Ronan O'Carra, Jerold Woodward, Wenxue Li, Guanhan Li, Avindra Nath, Russell J. Mumper

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

Lipid-based nanoparticles (NPs) with a small amount of surface-chelated nickel (Ni-NPs) were developed to easily formulate the HIV his-tagged Tat protein, as well as to formulate and co-deliver two HIV antigens (his-p24 and his-Nef) on one particle. Female BALB/c mice were immunized by s.c. injection with his-Tat/Ni-NP formulation (1.5 μg Tat-his/mouse) and control formulations on day 0 and 14. The day 28 anti-Tat specific IgG titer with his-Tat/Ni-NP was significantly greater than that with Alum/his-Tat. Furthermore, splenocytes from his-Tat/Ni-NP immunized mice secreted significantly higher IFN-γ than those from mice immunized with Alum/his-Tat. Although Ni-NPs did not show better adjuvant activity …

Disclosure Interviews Ida Susser. Women's Autonomy And The Political Contours Of Hiv/Aids In Southern Africa

disClosure: A Journal of Social Theory

No abstract provided.

Fear, Discrimination And Dying In The Workplace: Aids And The Capping Of Employees' Health Insurance Benefits, Thomas E. Bartrum

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.