Digital Commons Network^™

Archaeological Sites And Mangrove Forest: A Legal Overview Of The Ecologically Critical Areas In The Bangladesh Context, Arpeeta Shams Mizan

Arpeeta Shams Mizan

Ecologically critical area as a concept is practised globally to preserve the natural biodiversity of environmentally endangered areas. These areas also fall under the criteria of natural and cultural heritage. Since the Stockholm Declaration, leading international legal instruments have reiterated their sanctity in consonance with the principles of Intergenerational equity and also of human rights. The environmental law in Bangladesh has incorporated these principles by making provisions for Ecologically Critical Areas (ECAs) in the Bangladesh Environment Conservation Act 1995 (as amended in 2010) and the Environment Conservation Rules 1997. Bangladesh is a signatory to the World Heritage Convention, the principal …

Regulation Of Recruitment Process And Reduction Of Migration Costs: A Comparative Analysis Of South Asia, Piyasiri Wickramasekara

PIYASIRI WICKRAMASEKARA

The study undertakes a comprehensive review of issues relating to recruitment processes and high migration costs in South Asia with special focus on Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka.

The paper first highlights migration trends in South Asia, and main features of South Asian migration. Next the paper reviews the international normative framework of recruitment covering the Private Employment Agencies Convention, 1997 (No. 181), the Domestic Workers Convention, 2011 (No. 189), and the ILO Multilateral Framework on Migration (2006).

The paper reviews the main features and practices of private recruitment agencies and the legislative and regulatory framework covering their operations.

It …

Workers’ Remittances And Real Exchange Rate In Bangladesh: A Cointegration Analysis, Mamta B. Chowdhury, Fazle Rabbi

Fazle Rabbi

Workers’ remittances have an ever important role as one of the major sources of foreign exchange earnings for the Bangladesh economy. It accounts for over 12 per cent of GDP in 2010 and having colossal socio economic implications for the country. Using Cointegation an Error Correction model, this paper attempts to contribute to the literature by investigating the effects of increasing flow of remittances on the real exchange rate of the country. Our results suggest that the influx of workers’ remittances significantly appreciating the real exchange rate by lowering the relative prices tradables to nontradables of the country compared to …

Type, Content, And Source Of Social Support Perceived By Women During Pregnancy: Evidence From Matlab, Bangladesh, Joyce K. Edmonds, Moni Paul, Lynn M. Sibley

Joyce K. Edmonds

Specific and contextualized data on social support during distinct health events are needed to improve social support interventions. This study identified the type, content, and source of social support perceived by women during pregnancy. In-depth interviews with 25 women, aged 18-49 years, living in Matlab, Bangladesh, were conducted. The findings demonstrated that women perceived, the receipt of eight distinct types of support. The four most frequently-mentioned types included: practical help with routine activities, information/advice, emotional support and assurance, as well as the provision of resources and material goods. Sources varied by type of support and most frequently included--mothers, mothers-in-law, sisters-in-law, …

Yes, I Can: Subjective Legal Empowerment, Martin Gramatikov, Robert B. Porter

Martin Gramatikov

This paper explores critically the notion of legal empowerment and suggests that the currently employed approaches lead to vague concepts which evade measurement and lend little programmatic guidance. Our thesis is that legal empowerment should be sought not in the process of providing legal solutions but in the subjective self-belief that a person posses and can mobilize the necessary resources, competencies and energies to solve particular problem of legal nature. This model rejects the existence of an overall quantity of legal empowerment. People’s beliefs in their ability to solve legal problems differ by type of problem, distribution of power in …

State-Led Rural Justice In Bangladesh, Zahidul Islam Biswas

Dr. Zahidul Islam

The first phase of my ongoing research on ‘State-led Rural Justice in Bangladesh’ is complete. The research exposes the state of state-led rural justice system in Bangladesh, detects the strengths and weaknesses of the system, and recommends for improvement of the same. Here is the executive summary of the research report entitled ‘Access to Justice through State-led Rural Justice System in Bangladesh: A Case Study in Kansat Union Parishad’. The report is submitted to the Research Initiatives Bangladesh, who funded it, and yet to be published However, for a soft copy of the research report, you may please contact: Research …

The Village Court: A Neglected But Potential Rural Justice Forum, Dr. Zahidul Islam Biswas

Dr. Zahidul Islam

The Village Courts in Bangladesh are established in 1976 with the objectives that poor village shall get easy access to justice without any cost, they can be freed from accepting unwanted decision given by the dominant or elite classes of village in the name of justice and disputant parties can be able to solve their problems by themselves with a little or necessary assistance from these dispute resolution forums. But the village courts have failed to achieve the objectives. This article examines the causes of the failure and finds that still there are great potentials in the village courts to …

Judiciary Must Take Bold Steps To Get Rid Of Backlog Of Cases, Dr. Zahidul Islam Biswas

Dr. Zahidul Islam

Backlog of cases appears to be a common predicament of the judiciaries worldwide. Countries from both developed and developing world have been facing this problem more or less alike. However, this difficulty for Bangladesh judiciary seems going from bad to worse every year. This article endeavours to explore the reasons behind the backlog of cases, and how to overcome the same.

The Confusions And Uncertainties Thwarting Family Courts In Bangladesh, Dr. Zahidul Islam Biswas

Dr. Zahidul Islam

The purpose of establishment of Family Courts in Bangladesh was to ensure a quick, effective and amicable disposal of some of the family matters, which the traditional civil courts had failed to successfully deal with. Unfortunately, the noble aim of introducing Family Courts has not been expectantly achieved though already more than two decades have passed after the courts’ coming into operation. There are many and diverse type of reasons behind such letdown. Given the socio-economic grounds, the procedural as well as substantive loopholes in the ordinance and related laws are not negligible. Besides, there are some misconceptions. This article …

Genocide In The Non-Western World: Implications For Holocaust Studies, Robert Cribb

Robert Cribb

The example of the Holocaust has tended to dominate genocide studies, but the broader study of extreme violence makes it difficult to exclude the mass killing of indigenous peoples and mass killing on political grounds from the category of genocide.