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Articles 1 - 30 of 103
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The Role Of Platelets In Hyaluronan Degradation, Sami Albeiroti
The Role Of Platelets In Hyaluronan Degradation, Sami Albeiroti
ETD Archive
Following tissue injury, platelets rapidly interact with the exposed extracellular matrix (ECM) of blood vessel wall and the surrounding tissues. Hyaluronan (HA) is a major polysaccharide component of the ECM and plays a significant role in regulating inflammation. Human platelets can degrade HA from the surfaces of activated endothelial cells into fragments capable of inducing immune responses by monocytes. In addition, platelets contain the enzyme hyaluronidse-2 (HYAL2), one of two major hyaluronidases that digest HA in somatic tissues. The deposition of HA increases in the inflamed tissues in several inflammatory diseases, including Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). This study provides evidence …
Hyaluronan Rafts On Airway Epithelial Cells, Amineh M. Abbadi
Hyaluronan Rafts On Airway Epithelial Cells, Amineh M. Abbadi
ETD Archive
Many cells, including murine airway epithelial cells, respond to a variety of inflammatory stimuli by synthesizing leukocyte-adhesive hyaluronan cables that remain attached to their cell surfaces. This study shows that air-liquid interface cultures of murine airway epithelial cells (AECs) also actively synthesize and release a majority of their HA onto their ciliated apical surfaces to form a heavy chain-hyaluronan (HC-HA) matrix in the absence of inflammatory stimuli. These matrices do not resemble the rope-like HA cables, but occur in distinct sheets, or rafts, that can capture and embed leukocytes from cell suspensions. The HC-HA modification involves the transfer of heavy …
The Impact Of A School Gardening Program On Nutrition Attitudes, Behaviors And Interests Amongst Fourth Grade Students, Anjali Barnick
The Impact Of A School Gardening Program On Nutrition Attitudes, Behaviors And Interests Amongst Fourth Grade Students, Anjali Barnick
ETD Archive
This study intended to examine the impact of the gardening curriculum in an urban elementary school in Cleveland, Ohio. This yearlong gardening education program is introduced to the students in the 4th grade and incorporates a curriculum that includes gardening, nutrition, community service and experiential learning. With ample support from the community and from parents, this school provided the ideal setting to research the topic of how school gardening programs influence the students, their families and the community.The study used a series of questionnaires administered to the students in the fall of August 2013, early winter December 2013 and February …
Decision Models In Supply Chain Management: A Social Responsibility Perspective, Swathi Reddy Baddam
Decision Models In Supply Chain Management: A Social Responsibility Perspective, Swathi Reddy Baddam
ETD Archive
Recent events in emerging countries concerning supplier unethical practices and the resulting fatalities have stressed the need for social responsibility in supply chains. Rising consumer awareness regarding such events and their negative impact pose a challenge in supply management decisions for firms. This research integrates the risk of supplier irresponsibility and the impact of such events from the consumer perspective in developing supply management decision models for maximizing economic performance of firms. Two important issues in supply management: supplier selection and supplier development are addressed through stylized modeling approach.First, a supplier selection decision model is analyzed that will aid a …
The Role Of Cognitive Effort In Decision Performance Using Data Representations :;A Cognitive Fit Perspective, Dinko Bacic
The Role Of Cognitive Effort In Decision Performance Using Data Representations :;A Cognitive Fit Perspective, Dinko Bacic
ETD Archive
A major goal of Decision Support (DSS) and Business Intelligence (BI) systems is to aid decision makers in their decision performance by reducing effort. One critical part of those systems is their data representation component of visually intensive applications such as dashboards and data visualization. The existing research led to a number of theoretical approaches that explain decision performance through data representation's impact on users' cognitive effort, with Cognitive Fit Theory (CFT) being the most influential theoretical lens. However, available CFT-based literature findings are inconclusive and there is a lack of research that actually attempts to measure cognitive effort, the …
Application Aware For Byzantine Fault Tolerance, Hua Chai
Application Aware For Byzantine Fault Tolerance, Hua Chai
ETD Archive
Driven by the need for higher reliability of many distributed systems, various replication-based fault tolerance technologies have been widely studied. A prominent technology is Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT). BFT can help achieve high availability and trustworthiness by ensuring replica consistency despite the presence of hardware failures and malicious faults on a small portion of the replicas. However, most state-of-the-art BFT algorithms are designed for generic stateful applications that require the total ordering of all incoming requests and the sequential execution of such requests. In this dissertation research, we recognize that a straightforward application of existing BFT algorithms is often inappropriate …
Exploratory Factor Analysis Of The Spiritual Wellness Inventory, Chivonna Y. Childs
Exploratory Factor Analysis Of The Spiritual Wellness Inventory, Chivonna Y. Childs
ETD Archive
The relationship between psychology and spirituality has been tenuous. Psychology distanced itself from spirituality, which could not be empirically tested, in order to establish itself as a viable science. As psychology sought this endeavor, a renewed interest in spirituality and therapy arose resulting in numerous studies exploring the effects of religion and spirituality concluding that religion and/or spirituality may provide a protective psychological factor which enhances coping skills (Johnstone et al.,2008).There has been a renewed interest regarding spirituality and therapists have realized the importance of identifying a client's spiritual outlook or lack thereof in care planning and treatment of clients …
Impact Of Teacher Attitude And Urbanicity Through The Implementation Of Positive Behavior Support Programming, Theodore Caleris
Impact Of Teacher Attitude And Urbanicity Through The Implementation Of Positive Behavior Support Programming, Theodore Caleris
ETD Archive
One of the major questions that both urban and non-urban public school districts are faced with is the relationship between the predictors of school climate, student behavior, staff perceptions and the influence these variables have on school climate. School districts are under public scrutiny to produce positive achievement results for all students. Much research suggests that schools that are considered urban are generally considered unsafe, unproductive and unable to produce students that are competitive in a 21st century global economy. In the major urban centers, student populations are decreasing, flooding the first-ring school districts. First-ring school districts are the individual …
Examining The Impact Of Disruption, Supplier Quality And Knowledge Transfer: Recommended Strategies For Meeting Demand And Supplier Development, Rebecca E. Clemons
Examining The Impact Of Disruption, Supplier Quality And Knowledge Transfer: Recommended Strategies For Meeting Demand And Supplier Development, Rebecca E. Clemons
ETD Archive
I investigate the effect of supply-chain disruption on a firm's decisions on investment in quality, and on ordering decisions, when there is a choice between suppliers, and a variable rate of knowledge transfer. I find that supply-chain disruption has a negative effect on profit, which can be mitigated by appropriate policies for order allocation and supplier development. When the probability of disruption is high, the firm should seek alternative sources of supply (even if they have lower levels of quality). Under certain conditions, the firm can improve its profit by investing in quality improvement efforts at the alternative supplier. I …
An Empirical Examination Of Relational Governance And Service Capabilities On The Success Of Professional Service Firms Offshore Outscoring The Client Perspective, Renee M. Castrigano
An Empirical Examination Of Relational Governance And Service Capabilities On The Success Of Professional Service Firms Offshore Outscoring The Client Perspective, Renee M. Castrigano
ETD Archive
Professional services, such as accounting, finance, engineering and management consulting, are significant contributors to the U.S. economy accounting for the largest value added industry within the private sector. Knowledge-intensive professional services reached this level of economic prominence by responding to heightened competition, managing rising costs, utilizing key resources, and re-directing their focus to internal core competencies through the strategic decision to engage in offshore outsourcing relationships. By 2015, the Congressional Research Study report predicts 3.4 million, or 13.7 of professional service jobs will be offshore outsourced. Offshore outsourcing is a firm level strategic decision to relocate business activities to an …
Potential Optimal Gait Performance Of Mauch S-N-S Prosthetic Knee Configurations As Predicted By Dynamic Modeling, Chih-Hao Chien
Potential Optimal Gait Performance Of Mauch S-N-S Prosthetic Knee Configurations As Predicted By Dynamic Modeling, Chih-Hao Chien
ETD Archive
Patients with prosthetic legs routinely suffer from abnormal gait patterns which can cause health issues and eventually lower the quality of their lives. Despite the half-century advance in the technology of prosthetic knees, from the purely mechanical to microprocessor controlled systems, patient testing suggests that very little progress has been made in the quality of the kinetics and kinematics of amputee gait. Moreover, the cost of microprocessor controlled prosthetic knees may be 10 times more than the purely mechanical knees. While prosthetic knees have become more complex and expensive, it is not proven that the prosthetic knee is a central …
The Impact Of User Involvement On Information System Projects, Bradford Reese Eichhorn
The Impact Of User Involvement On Information System Projects, Bradford Reese Eichhorn
ETD Archive
Information systems (IS) development has been studied from many perspectives. Information systems are being viewed as a service as the economy shifts from being industrial-based to service-based. This shift is motivating the business user to become more involved with the development of the system. The once clear roles of user-as-specifier and IT professional-as-developer are blurring. This research addresses three objectives. First, we survey the actual business users themselves for their perception of activities and satisfaction with the completed system. Second, we analyze the separation of business requirements into two constructs representing the functional and presentation dimensions of these requirements to …
Biogeography-Based Optimization For Combinatorial Problems And Complex Systems, Dawei Du
Biogeography-Based Optimization For Combinatorial Problems And Complex Systems, Dawei Du
ETD Archive
Biogeography-based optimization (BBO) is a heuristic evolutionary algorithm that has shown good performance on many problems. In this dissertation, three problem1s 1 are researched for BBO: convergence speed and optimal solution convergence of BBO,1 1BBO application to combinatorial problems, and BBO application to complex systems. The first problem is to analyze BBO from two perspectives: how the components of BBO affect its convergence speed and the reason that BBO converges to the optimal solution. For the first perspective, which is convergence speed, we analyze the two essential components of BBO -- population construction and information sharing. For the second perspective, …
Oppositional Biogeography-Based Optimization, Mehmet Ergezer
Oppositional Biogeography-Based Optimization, Mehmet Ergezer
ETD Archive
This dissertation outlines a novel variation of biogeography-based optimization (BBO), which is an evolutionary algorithm (EA) developed for global optimization. The new algorithm employs opposition-based learning (OBL) alongside BBO migration to create oppositional BBO (OB BO). Additionally, a new opposition method named quasi-reflection is introduced. Quasireflection is based on opposite numbers theory and we mathematically prove that it has the highest expected probability of being closer to the problem solution among all OBL methods that we explore. Performance of quasi-opposition is validated by mathematical analysis for a single-dimensional problem and by simulations for higher dimensions. Experiments are performed on benchmark …
Policy Without Purpose: The Misalignment Of Policymakers' And Students' Perceptions Of The Goals Of Education, Carly Shannon Evans
Policy Without Purpose: The Misalignment Of Policymakers' And Students' Perceptions Of The Goals Of Education, Carly Shannon Evans
ETD Archive
This dissertation focused on understanding high school students' perception of the goals of education as they relate to those of policymakers, as these perceptions have largely been absent in the dialogue of education reform and policy. These goals may compete with each other, as do broader educational goals, reflecting different societal views of the purpose of education. Understanding students' perception of the goals of education (as framed by the goals of policymakers) may provide greater insight into current policy, and serve as a compass in directing future reforms that is inclusive of all stakeholders involved in this complex system. Using …
Individual, Family, And Institutional Factors That Propel Latino/A Students Beyond High School, Regina J. Giraldo-Garcia
Individual, Family, And Institutional Factors That Propel Latino/A Students Beyond High School, Regina J. Giraldo-Garcia
ETD Archive
The study was designed to determine the extent to which individual and institutional support variables can predict Latino/a students' successful completion of high school and enrollment in post-secondary institutions in the U.S. Current research suggests that the Hispanic population will constitute approximately 25 of the national workforce in the USA by the year 2050. However, according to the NCES (2002) data, the high level of dropout rates from high school among Latino/a (11.5 for males and 10.3 for females) is alarming. The study examined individual student factors as well as institutional and family variables that may enhance the likelihood of …
Ubiquitin-Proteasome System Modulates Platelet Function, Nilaksh Gupta
Ubiquitin-Proteasome System Modulates Platelet Function, Nilaksh Gupta
ETD Archive
Atherothrombotic diseases are responsible for more than 25 of all deaths worldwide. Anti-platelet drugs are the mainstay treatment because of the direct involvement of platelets in the initiation and propagation of thrombosis. However, the currently available anti-platelet drugs, such as antagonists of platelet receptors or of effector systems participating in platelet activation, have their own limitations. A new mode of affecting platelet reactivity may prove to offer unique advantages in a host of clinical settings. Proteasome inhibitors are in clinical use to treat hematologic cancers, but also reduce thrombosis. Whether the proteasome participates in platelet activation or function is opaque …
Enzyme-Based Nitric Oxide Releasing Thin Films And Scaffolds, Mutha Merenna Nuwan Bhagya Gunasekera
Enzyme-Based Nitric Oxide Releasing Thin Films And Scaffolds, Mutha Merenna Nuwan Bhagya Gunasekera
ETD Archive
Nitric oxide synthase enzyme (NOS) embedded in thin films and scaffolds, when exposed to a solution of its substrate arginine, a source of reducing equivalents, and other required ingredients of the NOS reaction, can release fluxes of nitric oxide (NO). The latter is a molecule known to counteract platelet aggregation, and thus can prevent the thrombosis cascade on the surfaces of implantable medical devices. Therefore NO antithrombogenic regimens such as active coatings and embedded scaffolds have the potential to increase the lifespan of implantable biomaterials. Layer-by-layer electrostatic adsorption allows for assembly of multi-component protein/polyelectrolytes nanostructured films. Electrospun fiber matrices may …
Reform Where Is Thy Victory? :A Study Of The Reform Efforts In Summit, Allegheny And Cuyahoga Counties, Vincent D. Holland
Reform Where Is Thy Victory? :A Study Of The Reform Efforts In Summit, Allegheny And Cuyahoga Counties, Vincent D. Holland
ETD Archive
Reform is a concept that public administration has struggled to define since its inception. The corruption crisis in Cuyahoga County led the region to vote to implement a home-rule government, and replace the three commissioner system with a single county executive and an eleven-member county council under the guise of reform. In addition, Allegheny and Summit Counties each previously implemented similar executive-council elected reform governments for reasons akin to Cuyahoga. Reform efforts are often the product of crises in the government process, and open doors for researching the process of how power works, is implemented, co-opted and consolidated. These events …
Acute And Chronic Rejection: Compartmentalization And Kinetics Ff Counterbalancing Signals In Cardiac Transplants, Anupurna Kaul
Acute And Chronic Rejection: Compartmentalization And Kinetics Ff Counterbalancing Signals In Cardiac Transplants, Anupurna Kaul
ETD Archive
Heart disease is the major cause of mortality in the United States and other parts of the world. Heart transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with end stage heart failure. However, transplanted organs fail due to either acute or chronic rejection. This acute and chronic rejection impacts distinct compartments of cardiac allografts. Acute rejection is characterized by infiltration of mononuclear cells whereas chronic rejection is characterized by progressive narrowing of coronary arteries. In a minor histoincompatibility mismatch mouse model we found hearts transplanted from male to female C57BL/6 mice undergo an acute rejection with diffuse interstitial infiltrates at …
How Ohio Adult Literacy Instructors View Themselves As Adult Learners Within Professional Development: Learning Style And Motivation Assessment In The Negotiation For Activity Selection, Rosary-Joyce Melonie Kennedy
How Ohio Adult Literacy Instructors View Themselves As Adult Learners Within Professional Development: Learning Style And Motivation Assessment In The Negotiation For Activity Selection, Rosary-Joyce Melonie Kennedy
ETD Archive
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of the Adult Basic Literacy Education/Adult Basic Education and Literacy educators as adult learners and participants in professional development and continuing professional education, their motivation for participation, and the types of activities in which they engaged. The sample consisted of eighty adult literacy instructors who taught in various educational and institutional settings. This mixed method research design included questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to collect data. This study revealed that Adult Basic Literacy Education/Adult Basic Education and Literacy teachers were aware of their various learning styles, acknowledged the benefit of using …
Circadian Regulation Of Mtor Signaling Via Bmal1 Dependent Mechanism, Rohini Vishal Khapre
Circadian Regulation Of Mtor Signaling Via Bmal1 Dependent Mechanism, Rohini Vishal Khapre
ETD Archive
Understanding mechanisms of aging is important for the treatment and prevention of age-associated pathologies. However, these mechanisms are not well understood. Recently we have demonstrated that the circadian clock (an internal time keeping system) regulates longevity in mammals, but the molecular mechanisms are not known. The aim of our current study is to investigate a possible interconnection between the circadian clock and mTORC1 (mammalian target of Rapamycin) signaling pathway. mTORC1 pathway is a nutrient response pathway involved in many cellular processes many recent studies indicate a role of mTORC1 pathway in aging. Here we demonstrate that circadian system regulates mTORC1 …
The Association Between Supervisory Alliance, Counterproductive Events During Psychotherapy Supervision, And Trainee Self-Efficacy, Holly E. Kirk
The Association Between Supervisory Alliance, Counterproductive Events During Psychotherapy Supervision, And Trainee Self-Efficacy, Holly E. Kirk
ETD Archive
The supervisory alliance between psychology trainee and clinical supervisor plays an important role in the growth and development of the psychologist in training. There are numerous factors that relate to the supervisory alliance. Previous research has indicated that both positive and negative supervision experiences occur during supervision and they act to influence the supervisory working alliance. A counterproductive event is an example of a negative supervision event in which the trainee perceives that an experience in supervision either harmed or hindered his or her growth and development as a therapist. Because counterproductive events regularly happen during a supervision experience, it …
An Inquiry Into The Antecedents Of Consumer Purchase Of Non-Deceptive Counterfeit Goods: Theory, Practice And Problems, Heather L. Kirkwood-Mazik
An Inquiry Into The Antecedents Of Consumer Purchase Of Non-Deceptive Counterfeit Goods: Theory, Practice And Problems, Heather L. Kirkwood-Mazik
ETD Archive
With counterfeit good consumption growing at alarming rates each year, this topic is increasingly demanding attention of marketing academics. This dissertation examines two sets of factors that influence consumer attitude toward counterfeits: sociocultural influences and psychological influences. Based on a review of the literature, two constructs, namely information susceptibility and normative susceptibility are combined to form a group of sociocultural influences expected to influence consumer attitude toward counterfeits. In addition, five constructs are combined to represent psychological influences, namely value consciousness, self-identity, integrity, materialism and perceived risk. Data was collected through a web-based survey and features a cross-sectional design. Utilizing …
Men Making Meaning Of Eating Disorders: A Qualitative Study, Robin Leichtman
Men Making Meaning Of Eating Disorders: A Qualitative Study, Robin Leichtman
ETD Archive
There is a stark contrast between the research and published accounts reflecting women's experiences in coping with an eating disorder in comparison to men's narratives. Because of this, many medical and mental health providers do not consider an eating disorder as a possible diagnosis when men present with symptoms associated with an eating disorder. This notion was confirmed by Menstuff┬« (2012), who reported men are often not diagnosed and/or are embarrassed by being diagnosed with an eating disorder because eating disorders have become more associated with a problem women or gay men experience. Assumptions that eating disorders are a female …
College Students' Perceptions Of And Behavioral Intentions Toward A Popular Media Character With Qualities Of Asperger Syndrome, Lisa Meeks
ETD Archive
This study examines the potential mediating effects of prior knowledge regarding autism spectrum disorders and Asperger syndrome (AS), first and second-generation family ties, college major, gender, and level of exposure to Dr. Sheldon Cooper, the main character of The Big Bang Theory, on college students' perceptions of a popular television character who displays traits and characteristics of Asperger syndrome/autism spectrum disorder. Bandura's (1971a) Social Learning Theory and Social Cognitive Theory (2004b) provide the framework through which the researcher attempts to understand how popular media impacts college students' perceptions of autism spectrum disorders. A total of 102 college students (aged 18-40 …
Order Acceptance To Increase Shop-Floor Profitability, Salil Menon
Order Acceptance To Increase Shop-Floor Profitability, Salil Menon
ETD Archive
Managers of manufacturing and service facilities often face situations where incoming demand exceeds available capacity. In such situations a firm can accept, reject or renegotiate the order in order to match the demand and supply. Order acceptance research studies this decision, both at the firm and supply chain level, in order to help the firm select orders that meet their business objectives. Prior research has focused on developing order acceptance models for diverse business situations. This thesis builds upon prior research by incorporating rejection techniques in the development of order acceptance models. A tunable two-step order acceptance model consisting of …
Trypanosoma Brucei Telomere Functions In Antigenic Variation, Unnati M. Pandya
Trypanosoma Brucei Telomere Functions In Antigenic Variation, Unnati M. Pandya
ETD Archive
Trypanosoma brucei is a protozoan parasite that causes sleeping sickness in humans and Nagana in cattle. They evade the host's immune defense by periodically switching their major surface antigen, variant surface glycoprotein (VSG), a phenomenon termed antigenic variation. Inside its mammalian host, bloodstream form (BF) T. brucei monoallelically expresses its major surface molecule VSG from the VSG Expression Sites (ESs) located at subtelomeric loci. Monoallelic VSG expression ensures effective antigenic variation and maximizes the efficiency of T. brucei pathogenesis. In the mid-gut of its insect host (tsetse), procyclic form (PF) T. brucei expresses procyclins as the major surface molecules and …
Development Of Chatter Attenuation Robust Control For An Amb Machine Spindle, Alexander Hans Pesch
Development Of Chatter Attenuation Robust Control For An Amb Machine Spindle, Alexander Hans Pesch
ETD Archive
No abstract provided.
The Aesthetic Experience And Artful Public Administration, Justin Thomas Piccorelli
The Aesthetic Experience And Artful Public Administration, Justin Thomas Piccorelli
ETD Archive
As Maurice Merleau-Ponty pointed out, a work of art allows us to explore our sense for meaning in the world. It not only allows us to translate our perceptions, but it allows our perceptions to speak to us through what he called a "respiration in being" (Merleau-Ponty, 1964). In this process of respiration, artists and artful public administrators alike are inspired by what they see, and expire that which is seen (Merleau-Ponty, 1964). This research suggests that what Merleau-Ponty described is an element of the aesthetic experience that enables a person to explore the world and what it means to …