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Articles 1 - 6 of 6
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Patient-Therapist Convergence In Alliance And Session Progress Ratings As Predictors Of Outcome In Psychotherapy For Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Alice E. Coyne
Masters Theses
The degree to which patients and their therapists align over time on their perceptions of therapeutic processes and intermediary outcomes has generally been regarded as an important element of effective psychotherapy; however, few studies have examined empirically the influence of such dyadic convergences on ultimate treatment outcomes. This study examined (a) whether early treatment convergences in patient-therapist alliance and session progress ratings were associated with subsequent worry and distress reduction (and final posttreatment level) in psychotherapy for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and (b) whether treatment type and the initial (session 1) levels of perceived alliance and session progress moderated these …
The Primary And Convergent Retrieval Model Of Memory, William J. Hopper
The Primary And Convergent Retrieval Model Of Memory, William J. Hopper
Masters Theses
Memory models typically assume that recall is a two-stage process with learning affecting both processes to the same degree. This equal learning assumption is difficult to reconcile with studies of the 'testing effect', which reveal different forgetting rates following learning from test practice versus learning from restudy. Here we present a new memory model, termed Primary and Convergent Retrieval (PCR) that assumes successful recall leads to a selective enhancement for the second stage of recall (Convergent Retrieval). We applied this model to existing testing effect data. In two new experiments, we confirmed novel predictions of the PCR model for transfer …
Secondhand Communication Of Risk-Related Information: How Ideology And Relational Motives Affect Interpersonal Risk Communication, Daniel A. Chapman
Secondhand Communication Of Risk-Related Information: How Ideology And Relational Motives Affect Interpersonal Risk Communication, Daniel A. Chapman
Masters Theses
This research provides the first experimental investigation of the ways in which ideological and relational motives influence interpersonal risk communication. Drawing on the literatures in social and cognitive psychology, risk communication, and environmental decision making, this research examined whether individuals expressing concerns about tradeoffs between climate change adaptation and prevention were less likely to share climate change information with others if the information discussed adaptation policies. Participants were presented with an article about climate change framed as either relating to adaptation or prevention. Their willingness to share the article with others was measured, as well as their appraisals of how …
The Influence Of Discrete Emotional States On Preferential Choice, Andrea M. Cataldo
The Influence Of Discrete Emotional States On Preferential Choice, Andrea M. Cataldo
Masters Theses
Past research has shown that emotion affects preferential choice outcomes. The goal of the present study was to further research on emotion and preferential choice by using mathematical modeling to investigate the effects of specific dimensions of emotion on the underlying mechanisms of preferential choice. Specifically, we aimed to determine whether the concurrent effects of positive-negative valence and situational certainty on attention and information accumulation threshold, respectively, would influence the magnitude of the similarity effect, a robust phenomenon in preferential choice. Participants first underwent either an Anger (negative and certain), Fear (negative and uncertain), or no (Control) emotion manipulation. All …
Fairness And Social Justice: Distinct Moralities, Prerana Bharadwaj
Fairness And Social Justice: Distinct Moralities, Prerana Bharadwaj
Masters Theses
Individual deservingness and group-based equality as rules of distribution have routinely been conflated in past research. These two studies are an attempt to further establish the differences between these two as moral values named fairness and social justice, respectively. In both studies, participants rated “moral acceptability” of eight real-world scenarios that either upheld fairness and violated social justice or vice versa. Each of these scenarios was presented at two time points: at time 1, the upheld principle was presented and the violation of the other was implied, but at time 2, the violation was made apparent with a second …
Workplace Conditions And Maternal Sensitivity In Low-Income Families, Rachel J. Herman
Workplace Conditions And Maternal Sensitivity In Low-Income Families, Rachel J. Herman
Masters Theses
The present investigation examined the role of low-wage work in the lives of employed, low-income mothers across the transition to parenthood. Specifically, the current study analyzed the extent to which workplace conditions predicted the quality of mothers’ parenting at one-year postpartum, and the potential mediating role of mothers’ psychological distress. It was hypothesized that demanding work conditions would interfere with mothers’ ability to provide sensitive care for their infants via the process of increased depression and anxiety, and that supportive work conditions would mitigate the negative effects of demanding work conditions on mothers’ mental health and parenting. Partial support was …