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The Best-Laid Plans: Building On The Hill, Lynn E. Niedermeier Dec 2007

The Best-Laid Plans: Building On The Hill, Lynn E. Niedermeier

Lynn E. Niedermeier

Since WKU purchased its present campus in 1909, building on the Hill has reflected the visions--some realized, many unrealized--of its presidents and architects. The construction of Van Meter Hall, a water tower, a proposed memorial tower and a comprehensive 1930s campus plan attest to the trials and tribulations of making the Hill a beautiful and functional place.


Community Feminism And Politics; A Case Study Of Santa Clara County As The Feminist Capital, 1975-2006, Danelle L. Moon Oct 2007

Community Feminism And Politics; A Case Study Of Santa Clara County As The Feminist Capital, 1975-2006, Danelle L. Moon

Danelle L. Moon

No abstract provided.


Distress During The Great Depression: The Illiquidity-Insolvency Debate Revisited, Gary Richardson Sep 2007

Distress During The Great Depression: The Illiquidity-Insolvency Debate Revisited, Gary Richardson

Gary Richardson

During the contraction from 1929 to 1933, the Federal Reserve System tracked changes in the status of all banks operating in the United States and determined the cause of each bank suspension. This essay analyzes chronological patterns in aggregate series constructed from that data. The analysis demonstrates both illiquidity and insolvency were substantial sources of bank distress. Periods of heightened distress were correlated with periods of increased illiquidity. Contagion via correspondent networks and bank runs propagated the initial banking panics. As the depression deepened and asset values declined, insolvency loomed as the principal threat to depository institutions.


The Mammoth Cave Party, Lynn E. Niedermeier Sep 2007

The Mammoth Cave Party, Lynn E. Niedermeier

Lynn E. Niedermeier

In the early twentieth century, groups of students from the Western Kentucky State Normal School (now WKU) observed an annual tradition by embarking on field trips to Mammoth Cave. They fondly remembered their experiences hiking, camping, and touring the great natural wonder.


Deposit Insurance And Moral Hazard: Capital, Risk, Malfeasance, And Mismanagement. A Comment On ‘Deposit Insurance And Moral Hazard: Evidence From Texas Banking During The 1920s, Gary Richardson Aug 2007

Deposit Insurance And Moral Hazard: Capital, Risk, Malfeasance, And Mismanagement. A Comment On ‘Deposit Insurance And Moral Hazard: Evidence From Texas Banking During The 1920s, Gary Richardson

Gary Richardson

A Journal of Economic History article by Linda Hooks and Kenneth Robinson, “Deposit Insurance and Moral Hazard: Evidence from Texas Banking During the 1920s,” contains a contradiction (Hooks and Robinson 2002). Pondering the contradiction in the paper reveals insights that the authors may have overlooked. Hooks and Robinson’s article examines the experience of the banking industry in Texas during the 1920s. Texas operated a deposit-insurance system from January 1, 1910 until February 11, 1927. Deposit insurance was mandatory for all state banks, which were given the choice of two plans in which to participate. The preponderance participated in the depositors …


Check Is In The Mail: Correspondent Clearing And The Banking Panics Of The Great Depression, Gary Richardson Aug 2007

Check Is In The Mail: Correspondent Clearing And The Banking Panics Of The Great Depression, Gary Richardson

Gary Richardson

Weaknesses within the check-clearing system played a hitherto unrecognized role in the banking crises of the Great Depression. Correspondent check-clearing networks were vulnerable to counter-party cascades. Accounting conventions that overstated reserves available to corresponding institutions may have exacerbated the situation. The initial banking panic began when a correspondent network centered in Nashville collapsed, forcing over 100 institutions to suspend operations. As the contraction continued, additional correspondent systems imploded. The vulnerability of correspondent networks is one reason that banks that cleared via correspondents failed at higher rates than other institutions during the Great Depression.


Speak Up: It's Leap Year!, Lynn E. Niedermeier Aug 2007

Speak Up: It's Leap Year!, Lynn E. Niedermeier

Lynn E. Niedermeier

The legend that on leap year day (February 29) a man was obligated to accept a woman's proposal of marriage dates back many generations. At WKU, the tradition translated into Leap Year Dances and teas, to which women students invited the young men of their choice. The introduction of Sadie Hawkins Day, inspired by the comic strip "L'il Abner," gave a new and lively twist to this female prerogative.


Measuring Up: Women's Intercollegiate Sports Return To Wku, Lynn E. Niedermeier Aug 2007

Measuring Up: Women's Intercollegiate Sports Return To Wku, Lynn E. Niedermeier

Lynn E. Niedermeier

Since 1912, WKU had fielded women's athletic teams, but after 1930 they were restricted to intramural competition. In 1972, with the implementation of Title IX on the horizon, physical education faculty members and students began to lobby for the quick restoration of an intercollegiate athletics program for women. Although they met with some resistance, by 1973-74 WKU women were competing again on an intercollegiate basis in basketball, tennis, golf, gymnastics, track and riflery.


"We Are Not Aliens": Women's Hours At Wku, Lynn E. Niedermeier Aug 2007

"We Are Not Aliens": Women's Hours At Wku, Lynn E. Niedermeier

Lynn E. Niedermeier

Beginning in the 1960s and up until the enactment of Title IX, women students living on WKU's campus lobbied for the abolition of residence hall curfews and other restrictions that gave them less freedom than male students.


A Short History Of Parking At Wku, Lynn E. Niedermeier Aug 2007

A Short History Of Parking At Wku, Lynn E. Niedermeier

Lynn E. Niedermeier

Its earliest landscape architect envisioned the Hill as a pedestrian’s haven, but the automobile age quickly brought "the parking problem" to WKU’s campus, where it remains today.


Wku And The Pleasant J. Potter College: A Shared Heritage, Lynn E. Niedermeier Jul 2007

Wku And The Pleasant J. Potter College: A Shared Heritage, Lynn E. Niedermeier

Lynn E. Niedermeier

Opened in 1889, the Pleasant J. Potter College for Young Ladies was the first occupant of “the Hill” that is now home to Western Kentucky University. Day and boarding students pursued a liberal arts curriculum at this fashionable private school. Down the hill on College Street, at Henry Hardin Cherry’s Western Kentucky State Normal School (chartered in 1906), students often came from more humble backgrounds to study in a coeducational setting. Nevertheless, when Potter College closed in 1909 and WKU purchased its property, it absorbed some of the traditions of the young ladies’ college it replaced.


The "Dallas Way": Protest, Response, And The Civil Rights Experience In Big D And Beyond, Brian D. Behnken Jul 2007

The "Dallas Way": Protest, Response, And The Civil Rights Experience In Big D And Beyond, Brian D. Behnken

Brian D. Behnken

A MERICANS NOW ALMOST UNIVERSALLY THINK OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ii. movement as a war waged between peaceful, supplicating black activists and violent, reactionary white racists. Turn on any news retrospective about the middle ofJanuary, or during Black History Month, and you will likely see scenes from Martin Luther KingJr. 's "I have a dream" speech or the March on Washington juxtaposed against images of whites attacking nonviolent African Americans with fire hoses, billy clubs, and German shepherds. While the factuality of these events cannot be disputed, the binary images ofviolence and nonviolence have come to represent the civil rights …


Wings Over Wku, Lynn E. Niedermeier May 2007

Wings Over Wku, Lynn E. Niedermeier

Lynn E. Niedermeier

More than one hundred years after Kitty Hawk, aviation has become a part of the history of Western Kentucky University. Alumni have distinguished themselves in war and peacetime pursuits related to aviation, and an airplane plays a role in one of WKU’s best-known ghost stories.


Ogden College For Young Men, Lynn E. Niedermeier May 2007

Ogden College For Young Men, Lynn E. Niedermeier

Lynn E. Niedermeier

Ogden College, an endowed private school for young men, opened in Bowling Green in 1877. Over the next fifty years, its faculty, academic programs, oratorical competitions, clubs and athletics provided unique educational opportunities and produced enthusiastic and loyal alumni. Ogden College merged with the Western Kentucky State Normal School and Teachers College (now Western Kentucky University) in 1927 and its traditions continue today in WKU's Ogden College of Science and Engineering.


Wku's Heritage Of Penmanship, Lynn E. Niedermeier May 2007

Wku's Heritage Of Penmanship, Lynn E. Niedermeier

Lynn E. Niedermeier

Until relatively recently, instruction in penmanship was an important part of the curriculum in schools and colleges. At the Southern Normal School, the Bowling Green Business University and the Western Kentucky State Normal School (predecessors of WKU), students were trained in the latest handwriting techniques as they copied out sayings and aphorisms which inculcated the values of hard work and good character. WKU’s first president, Henry Hardin Cherry, was an accomplished penman.


Veterans' Village, Lynn E. Niedermeier Apr 2007

Veterans' Village, Lynn E. Niedermeier

Lynn E. Niedermeier

After World War II, Western Kentucky State College (now Western Kentucky University) faced a severe housing shortage for returning veterans. In 1946, President Paul Garrett created Veterans' Village from a variety of government-surplus quonset huts, trailers and prefabricated housing. Veterans' Village provided on-campus housing for married and other non-traditional students until 1976.


Documenting The Wooden Stick Lighter/Deck Scow Maricopa: A Vestige Of The Lighterage Era In The Port Of New York, Megan E. Springate Jan 2007

Documenting The Wooden Stick Lighter/Deck Scow Maricopa: A Vestige Of The Lighterage Era In The Port Of New York, Megan E. Springate

Megan E. Springate

In 2005, Richard Grubb & Associates mitigated the wreck of a wooden deck scow (an unpowered barge), abandoned in the Arthur Kill at Perth Amboy, Middlesex County, NJ. Built in 1923, the stick lighter MARICOPA was later converted to a deck scow. She served her entire career in New York Harbor, part of the large fleet of largely undocumented lighterage vessels that was critical to the area’s economy throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This discussion will include the MARICOPA’s mitigation, her role in the history of the area and the concept of significance applied to these vessel types.


Broken Utterances, Michelle Diane Wright Jan 2007

Broken Utterances, Michelle Diane Wright

Michelle Diane Wright

Preface to the book "Broken Utterances"


Pham Van Dong, Brian D. Behnken Jan 2007

Pham Van Dong, Brian D. Behnken

Brian D. Behnken

Vietnamese nationalist revolutionary, founder of the Viet Minh, premier of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV, North Vietnam) during 1950-1975, and prime minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV) during 1975-1987. Born in Quang Ngai Province on 1 March 1906, Pham Van Dong became active in nationalist and communist politics as a teenager. Like many other Vietnamese revolutionaries, he spent eight years in prison for his anti-French stance. In 1930 he helped found the Indochinese Communist Party.


Le Duc Tho, Brian D. Behnken Jan 2007

Le Duc Tho, Brian D. Behnken

Brian D. Behnken

Vietnamese revolutionary, member of the Vietnamese Communist Party's Political Bureau, and chief negotiator at the Paris Peace Talks. Le Due Tho was born Phan Dinh Khai in Nam Ha Province on 14 October 1911. He became active in communist political circles at a young age and in 1930 helped found the Indochinese Communist Party (ICP). During the 1930s he spent nearly a decade in prison for his anti-French political activities. In 1945 he helped form the nationalist Viet Minh organization with Ho Chi Minh and from the late 1950s largely directed the war in the Republic of Vietnam (RVN, South …


"We've Just Got To Get Together": African-American Students Unite In The 1970s, Lynn E. Niedermeier Jan 2007

"We've Just Got To Get Together": African-American Students Unite In The 1970s, Lynn E. Niedermeier

Lynn E. Niedermeier

In the early 1970s, African-American students at WKU took the first steps toward organizing themselves into a strong voice on campus, supporting a curriculum of black studies, sponsoring social and cultural events, and protesting discriminatory treatment.


A Brief History Of Oyster Aquaculture In Rhode Island, Michael A. Rice Dec 2006

A Brief History Of Oyster Aquaculture In Rhode Island, Michael A. Rice

Michael A Rice

No abstract provided.


Method And Memory In The Midwestern ‘Lincoln Inquiry’: Oral Testimony And Abraham Lincoln Studies, 1865-1938, Keith A. Erekson Dec 2006

Method And Memory In The Midwestern ‘Lincoln Inquiry’: Oral Testimony And Abraham Lincoln Studies, 1865-1938, Keith A. Erekson

Keith A Erekson

This article reviews the efforts from the 1880s through the 1930s to collect and examine oral histories with Abraham Lincoln's Indiana neighbors.


Lincoln And The Constitutional Dilemma Of Emancipation, Edna Greene Medford Dec 2006

Lincoln And The Constitutional Dilemma Of Emancipation, Edna Greene Medford

Edna Greene Medford

On the afternoon of January 1,1863, following nearly two years of bloody civil war, Abraham Lincoln set in motion events that would reconnect the detached cord of Union and that would begin to reconcile the nation's practices to its avowed democratic principles.


Libraries In Public Before The Age Of Public Libraries: Interpreting The Furnishings And Design Of Athenaeums And Other ‘Social Libraries,’ 1800-1860, Adam Arenson Dec 2006

Libraries In Public Before The Age Of Public Libraries: Interpreting The Furnishings And Design Of Athenaeums And Other ‘Social Libraries,’ 1800-1860, Adam Arenson

Adam Arenson

Before public libraries became common in the United States, both elite and striving men sought out social libraries to read business newspapers, attend lectures, appreciate art and good company, and generally learn or relish in respectability. For single male clerks living in rented rooms, the library served as a crucial "third place," away from home and work, where sociability and education could flourish. This chapter describes how elements of the private library, the parlor, and the bookstore informed the furnishing and design of the social library. It reveals how the spaces were intended to be utilized--and what legacies remained for …


“A Bridge Of Communication: Spaniards And Ottoman Sephardic Jews In The City Of New York (1880-1950)", Aviva Ben-Ur Dec 2006

“A Bridge Of Communication: Spaniards And Ottoman Sephardic Jews In The City Of New York (1880-1950)", Aviva Ben-Ur

Aviva Ben-Ur

No abstract provided.


“Sephardim In America,” In Stephen H. Norwood And Eunice G. Pollack, Eds., Encyclopedia Of American Jewish History, 2 Vol., Vol. 1, Pp.1-9, Aviva Ben-Ur Dec 2006

“Sephardim In America,” In Stephen H. Norwood And Eunice G. Pollack, Eds., Encyclopedia Of American Jewish History, 2 Vol., Vol. 1, Pp.1-9, Aviva Ben-Ur

Aviva Ben-Ur

No abstract provided.


Myths And Symbols Of The American Nation, Francoise Le Jeune Pr Dec 2006

Myths And Symbols Of The American Nation, Francoise Le Jeune Pr

Francoise LE JEUNE

No abstract provided.